專題19 9BU3-牛津譯林版初中英語(yǔ)第二學(xué)期單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括及易錯(cuò)題分析（江蘇專用）

專題199BU3-牛津譯林版初中英語(yǔ)第二學(xué)期單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括及易錯(cuò)題分析單元話題RobotsReading重點(diǎn)詞匯、詞組和句型Grammar簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)雜句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括知識(shí)點(diǎn)囊括一、重點(diǎn)詞組、句型complainvi.抱怨，投訴，發(fā)牢騷complaintosb向某人抱怨Ihavetocomplaintothemanageraboutit.對(duì)這件事我不得不向經(jīng)理申訴。complainabout/ofsth抱怨某事Theynevercomplainedaboutworkingovertime.他們對(duì)加班加點(diǎn)從來(lái)不抱怨。complaint投訴，埋怨MrGreeniswritingacomplaintletter.haveproblems有問(wèn)題haveproblems/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsth做某事有困難E.gIdidn’thaveanyproblemsfindingtheblem的常用搭配noproblem“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”【辨析】question/problemsound系動(dòng)詞，意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”Themusicsoundsgood.名詞，意為“聲音”Thesoundofmusicmadeherhappy.inanyway在任何方面insomeways在某些方面intheway擋路inthisway用這種方式onone’swayto去...的路上bytheway順便說(shuō)一下5、代詞it,

one,

thatit和that都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))”，都是特指，都可替代可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物；而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。如：

My

father

bought

me

a

pen

and

I

like

it

very

much.

我父親給我買(mǎi)了一支鋼筆，我非常喜歡它。(it替代the

pen，指前面提到的父親給我買(mǎi)的那支鋼筆)

This

dictionary

is

more

useful

than

that

(=the

one)I

bought

yesterday.

這本詞典比我昨天買(mǎi)的更有用。(that替代the

dictionary，與前面的this

dictionary是同類)

one替代“a＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指；其復(fù)數(shù)形式ones替代泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。特指的the

one相當(dāng)于that，替代“the+單數(shù)名詞”如：

Radios

are

useful

for

me

to

learn

English.

I’d

like

to

buy

one

.收音機(jī)對(duì)我學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有用，我想買(mǎi)一臺(tái)。(one替代a

radio，是泛指收音機(jī)這類東西中的一臺(tái))

The

population

of

Scotland

was

eight

times

as

large

as

that

of

Cornwall.

蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八倍。(that替代不可數(shù)名詞the

population，不能用theone）busyadj.忙碌的【固定搭配】bebusywithsth忙于某事Iwasbusywithmychildren.我忙于照顧孩子。

2）bebusydoingsth忙于做某事Heisbusydoinghishomework.他正忙著做家庭作業(yè)。sothat

1）引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“以便；為了”，從句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞如：Theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchtheearlybus.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中一般不用can和may等詞，在sothat前可以用逗號(hào)，意思是“因此;所以”。如：ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.

【拓展】so...that..

so＋形容詞或副詞＋that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。意思是“如此……以致于……”。如：WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.tidyup收拾妥，整理好tidyadj.整潔的，整齊的vt.收拾；整理Youshouldkeepyourroomtidy.Theytidiedthehousejustnow.Hebegantotidyuphisdeskandfinishofftheweek’swork.untidyadj.不整潔的anuntidydesk9、seemv.似乎，好像1）seem+adj.Sheseems(tobe)sad.2）seem+todosth感到好像...覺(jué)得似乎...Iseemtohaveacold.3）Itseems+that從句Itseemsthatitwillbeastormsoon.Itseemsasif...仿佛...asif從句所表示的情況大多數(shù)是不真實(shí)的Itseemsasifshewereinadream.10、little/alittle/few/afew1）1）few,afew用于可數(shù)名詞，2）little,alittle用于不可數(shù)名詞。3）afew,alittle表示肯定意思：有一些，有一點(diǎn)4）few,little表示否定意思：沒(méi)有一些，沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)如：HehasafewfriendsinBeijing.他有朋友Thereisalittleteaintheglass.杯里有茶HehasfewfriendsinBeijing.沒(méi)有朋友Thereislittleteaintheglass.沒(méi)有茶11、sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes1)sometimes的意思是“有時(shí)”，是副詞。例如：

Sometimeshecomesbybikeandsometimesbybus.他有時(shí)騎車來(lái)，有時(shí)乘公共汽車來(lái)。

2）sometime也是副詞，意思是“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”?？捎糜谝话氵^(guò)去時(shí)與將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：

YoucanhandinyourhomeworksometimebeforeFriday.你可以在周五前某個(gè)時(shí)候交作業(yè)。

3）sometime是名詞短語(yǔ)，它的意思是“一段時(shí)間”。例如：

I'llbeawayforsometime.我將離開(kāi)一段時(shí)間。

4）sometimes也是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)，time在這里用作可數(shù)名詞，意思是“次數(shù)”。

sometimes的意思是“幾次”。例如：

IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.我去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城幾次。12、nolonger/nomore1）nolonger中的longer是副詞long的比較級(jí)，long有afteracertainpointoftime（在某一時(shí)刻以后）之意，著重表示時(shí)間的不再延續(xù)，意為"如今不再"。nolonger等于not...anylonger。

2）nomore中的more是many/much的比較級(jí)，more有again之意，著重表示數(shù)量或程度的減少，意為"再也沒(méi)有更多（大）的數(shù)量（程度）"。nomore等于not...anymore。

3）nolonger修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如teach,live,work等，表示動(dòng)作不再延續(xù)；nomore修飾非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如come,go,make(thesamemistake)等，表示動(dòng)作不再次發(fā)生。13、considerv.認(rèn)為，考慮n.consideration1）consider...as把...看做常用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)beconsideredas...“被認(rèn)為/看做”consider...tobe把...看做Theawardisconsideredtobeagreathonor.Considerdoingsth考慮做某事differencen.差別，差異Canyouseeanydifferencesbetweenthesetwopictures？【固定搭配】makeadifference有影響，起（重要）作用Itmakesadifferencewhichyouchoose.bedifferentfrom與...不同Mycoatisdifferentfromhis.15、TherobotmadeMrJiang’slifemucheasier.修飾比較級(jí)的詞的用法只用于修飾比較級(jí)：much，still，even既可修飾比較級(jí)又可修飾原級(jí)：alittle,abit,rather等表示前者在某方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)對(duì)方時(shí)，通常采用far,byfar,alot等在否定句、疑問(wèn)句、或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，修飾形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)，只能用any16、...,therobotwoulddoallthehousework.此句中的woulddo為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的其他表達(dá)方法還有was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形Theteacheraskedyouwhenyouwouldfinishyourhomework.HenewthatIwasgoingtocome.17、...,hisflatwouldasgoodasnew,andadeliciousdinnerwouldbereadyforhim.asgoodas表示“與...一樣好”，可視為as...as與good的自然搭配；若用作習(xí)語(yǔ)，則表示幾乎，無(wú)異于如：Thematterisasgoodassettled.這件事等于解決了。Readyadj.有準(zhǔn)備的常用結(jié)構(gòu)bereadyforsth為某事做好準(zhǔn)備bereadytodosth準(zhǔn)備好做某事Getreadyforsth/todosth為（做）某事做好準(zhǔn)備如：Everythingisreadyfortheparty.I’mreadytogo.18、Myrobotwillremindyoutotakethemattherighttime.remind用法歸納提醒remindsbtodosthremindsbof/aboutsth如：Pleaseremindmetocallhimback.Thephotoremindsmeofmychildhood.二、語(yǔ)法Grammar一、賓語(yǔ)從句改為簡(jiǎn)單句的方法1、賓語(yǔ)從句可改為動(dòng)詞不定式

當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,

decide,

wish,

choose,

agree,

promise（答應(yīng)，許諾）等，其后由that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并且從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

.

I

hope

that

I

will

go

to

college

one

day.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：I

hope

to

go

to

college

one

day.

我希望有一天能上大學(xué)。

(2).

They

agreed

that

they

would

help

me

with

my

maths.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：They

agreed

to

help

me

with

my

maths

他們同意幫助我（學(xué)習(xí)）數(shù)學(xué)。.

2、

當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know,

learn,

remember,

forget,

tell等詞，后面接由疑問(wèn)代詞what，或接由how,

where,

when,

why等疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，并且主句的主語(yǔ)與從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可將賓語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

(1).

Kate

didn’t

know

what

she

should

do.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Kate

did’t

know

what

to

do.

凱特不知道該做什么。

(2).

I

have

forgotten

how

I

can

use

this

word.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：I

have

forgotten

how

to

use

this

word.

我忘了怎么樣用這個(gè)詞。

3、當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask,

show,

tell,

teach等，后跟雙賓語(yǔ)，并且從句的主語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”。如：

(1).

Could

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

park?

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Could

you

tell

me

how

to

get

to

the

park?

你能告訴我怎樣去公園嗎？

.

Please

tell

me

where

I

can

find

him.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Please

tell

me

where

to

find

him.

請(qǐng)告訴我在哪里能找到他。4、賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“it

+形容詞作賓補(bǔ)+不定式短語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

(1).

I

think

that

it

is

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.(that可省略)

轉(zhuǎn)換為：I

think

it

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.

我認(rèn)為今天是不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作的。

(2).

I

found

that

it

is

important

to

learn

English.

(that可省略)

轉(zhuǎn)換為：I

found

it

important

to

learn

English.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很重要。

5、講賓語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化為“名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)”。如：

(1).

I

will

take

back

what

I

said.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：I

will

take

back

my

words.

我將收回我所說(shuō)的話。

.

Can

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

station?

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Can

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

station?

二、狀語(yǔ)從句改為簡(jiǎn)單句的方法1、用“too…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有so…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果語(yǔ)從句(否定)的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)成簡(jiǎn)單句。如：1）Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.→Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.2）ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan’tanswerit.→Thequestionistoodifficultformetoanswer.2、用“…enough+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句（肯定）的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句。例如：1）Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.→Thegirlistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree.2）Thishallissolargethatitcanhold2000people.→Thishallislargeenoughtohold2000people.3）Thetablewassolightthatthelittleboycancarryit.→Thetablewaslightenoughforthelittleboytocarry.3、用“inorder+不定式”或“soas+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡(jiǎn)單句。如：1）Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesothatshecouldreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlineinordertoreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesoastoreceiveitsoon.IwentovermycompositionagainandagainsothatIcouldn’tmakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagaininordernottomakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagainsoasnottomakeanymistakes.4、由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句可以改為becauseof構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.他因病不能來(lái)?！鶫ecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能來(lái)。由when、after、before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可以用合適的動(dòng)名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)代替。Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.離開(kāi)前請(qǐng)關(guān)燈。→Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.離開(kāi)前請(qǐng)關(guān)燈。Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就回家了?！鶫ewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。三、詞組歸納1.complainaboutsthtosb.2.exploreouterspace3.ironhisbusinesssuitsmoothly4.atwork5.returnhomefromwork6.lookasgoodasnew7.tidyup

8.gowrong9.makestupidmistakes10.spreadhisprivatepapers11.storemilkintherubbishbin12.knockthingsover13.intheend

14.causealotofproblems15.laymyfoodonthebed16.goonabusinesstrip17.haveaseriousheartproblem18.takemedicineeveryday19.haveapoormemory20.takeyourpills21.remindyoutotakethem22.goupanddownthestairs23.haveitchecked24.firstofall25.atmost四、句型歸納1.Theycoulddowhateverthey’reaskedto.(37)2.Heisalwaystoobusytohaveanytimetorelax.(38)3.IhavetobuyarobotsothatIcanhavemorefreetime.(38)4.ItseemedthatingeneraltherobotsatisfiedMrJiang’sneeds.(39)5.

Therobotcaughtavirusandnolongerworkedproperly.(39)6.Hewouldfindhisflatinacompletemess.(39)7.Iconsidertherobotagreathelpinmydailylife.(42)8.MrJiangdidnotknowwhattodowiththerobot.(43)9.Iwastooforgetfultolockthedoorlastnight.(44)10.TherobotwaskindenoughtobuymeeverythingIneeded.(44)11.PleaseholdandI’llputyouthrough.(46)12.However,Iamnotsatisfiedwithitatall.(48)13.Thequalityofthisrobotisnotuptostandardeither.(48)14.Agoodrobotshouldonlyneedcheckingeverysixmonths.(48)15.Iregrethavingboughtarobotlikethis.(48)16.Welookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.(49)易錯(cuò)題分析易錯(cuò)題分析語(yǔ)法部分：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇1.Thereissomethingwrongwithmynewradio.I’llittotheradioshop.A.explainB.findoutC.complainaboutD.lookafter【答案】C2.—Whereareyougoing,Linda?—I’mgoingtothepostofficetomysister,wholivesinNanjing.A.postalettertoB.takecareofC.dowithD.playwith【答案】A3.—Whydoyoulooksotired?—YourroomwasandIcleaneditallthemorning.A.insizeB.outofwayC.inamessD.incolour【答案】C4.Sheiskindandhelpfulandoftendoesshecantohelpme.A.whenB.howC.whereD.whatever【答案】D5.—YesterdayIboughtarobot,whichcouldhelpmetocleanthefloor.—Really?That’sgreat.I’llbuy.A.oneB.itC.thisD.that【答案】A6.Iboughtsomefruitvegetables.A.andalsoB.aswellC.aswellasD.butalso【答案】C7.Hefailedagainandagain.Butthroughhishardwork,hesucceeded.A.firstofallB.atthebeginningC.intheendD.inashorttime【答案】C8.—Idon’twanttocooktoday.—Let’sapizzafromtherestaurant.A.orderB.cookC.giveD.ask【答案】A9.Tom,putonthissuit.Iitsmoothly.A.ironedB.ironC.haveironedD.williron【答案】C10.Acaraccidenthappenedthere.Anoldwoman.Butthecardroveaway.A.knockedoverB.wasknockedoverC.knocksoverD.isknockedover【答案】B11.WhenIcamein,Isawherthepiano.A.playB.playingC.playedD.toplay【答案】B12.ThedogIsawjustnowisMike’s.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.where【答案】B13.Hischildrenworkfarawayfromhere,andhehasnobodytotalktoalldaylong,soheoftenfeels.A.happyB.lazyC.tiredD.lonely【答案】D14.—DoyouknowtogotoMountTaibytrainwiththem?—At7tomorrowmorning.A.whereB.howC.whyD.when【答案】D15.Couldyoutellmewiththisbrokenrobot?A.whatIcandoB.whatcanIdoC.IcandowhatD.canIdowhat【答案】A詞匯句型部分：一、根據(jù)句子意思，用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。46.Mybikeisahome___________(production).47.—Ishecomingtomorrow?—I’m___________(sure),butyoucanaskhimself.48.Itmakeseverythingelsegomore___________(smooth).49.Theydidnot___________(proper)considerwhatwouldhappennext.50.Thismachinewas___________(complete)outofcontrol.51.You___________(fine)bythepoliceifyoubreakthetrafficrules.52._____(limit)thenumberofcarsisausefulwaytoreduceairpollution.53.Jack___________(dig)aholeinthegardenwhenIwenttoseehim.54.Howoften___________theOlympicGames___________(take)place?55.Doyouknowhowmuchpaper___________(waste)lastyear?【答案】46.product48.smoothly49.properly50.completely51.willbefined52.Limiting53.wasdigging54.(1).does;(2).take55.waswasted二、單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Stampsareusedfor____________(寄信)theletter.2.____________(不管什么)youdo,don’tmissthischance.3.Ithink____________(探索)undertheseamustbeverydangerous.4.Allthe____________（私人的）thingsshouldbekeptinthelockerbeforeenteringthisroom.5.Thiskindofcomputervirus____________(傳播