2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題04Bodylanguage（教學(xué)案）新人教版必修4

專題04Bodylanguage【高頻單詞】1．represent(vt.)代表；象征→representative(adj.)有代表性的(n.)代表；典型2．a(chǎn)dult(n.)成人；成年人(adj.)成人的；成熟的3．function(n.)作用；功能；職能(vi.)起作用；運轉(zhuǎn)4．ease(n.)安逸；舒適(vt.)減輕(痛苦、憂慮)5．false(adj.)錯誤的；假的6．rank(n.)等級；軍銜7．dash(vi.)猛沖；突進8．a(chǎn)pproach(vt.&vi.)接近；靠近；走近(n.)接近；方法；途徑9．a(chǎn)ssociation(n.)社團；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想→associate(vt.)把……聯(lián)系起來10．curious(adj.)好奇的→curiously(adv.)好奇地→curiosity(n.)好奇；好奇心11．defend(vt.)保護；保衛(wèi)→defence(n.)防御；保衛(wèi)→defensive(adj.)防御性的12．major(adj.)主要的→majority(n.)大多數(shù)；大部分13．misunderstand(vt.)誤解；誤會→misunderstanding(n.)誤解；誤會→misunderstood(過去式/過去分詞)14．spoken(adj.)口語的→unspoken(反義詞)(adj.)未說出口的；非口語的15．truly(adv.)真實地；真誠地；真正地→true(adj.)真實的→truth(n.)事實；真理16．statement(n.)陳述；說明→state(vt.)聲明；陳述→state(n.)狀態(tài)；州；國家17．simply(adv.)簡單地；只→simple(adj.)簡單的；樸素的→simplify(vt.)簡化18．a(chǎn)nger(n.)怒氣；怒火→angry(adj.)生氣的→angrily(adv.)憤怒地；生氣地19．greet(vi.&vt.)迎接；問候→greeting(n.)迎接；問候；招呼20．subjective(adj.)主觀的→subject(n.)學(xué)科；主觀事物→objective(反義詞)(adj.)客觀的21．facial(adj.)面部的→face(n.)臉；面部【重點短語】1．defend..._against防御；保衛(wèi)……以免受……2．be_likely_to很可能……；有希望……3．in_general總的來說；通常4．a(chǎn)t_ease舒適；快活；自由自在5．lose_face丟臉6．turn_one's_back_to背對7．in_defence防御；保衛(wèi)8．on_the_contrary相反9．be_nervous_about對……感到緊張10．in_most_cases在大多數(shù)情況下【熱點句型】1．特殊疑問詞＋插入語＋疑問句剩余部分？WhatDo_you_think(你認為)isthepurposeoflanguage?2．動詞不定式作后置定語The_first_person_to_arrive(第一個到達的人)wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.3．notall...表示部分否定Not_all_cultures_greet_each_other_the_same_way(各種文化背景下的人互致問候的方式不盡相同),noraretheyfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.4.(sb./sth.)belikelytodosth.(某人或某物)可能做某事However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandare_more_likely_to_touch(很可能接觸)them.高頻考點一單詞例1、representvt.代表；象征；表現(xiàn)；描寫；描繪；聲稱Yesterday,anotherstudentandI，representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.(P26)昨天，我和另一個學(xué)生代表我們大學(xué)的學(xué)生會，到首都國際機場迎接今年的國際學(xué)生?！練w納拓展】eq\a\vs4\al(representsb.as/tobe...宣稱某人為……,representsth.tosb.向某人說明某事；向某人傳達某事,representoneselfas/tobe...自稱是……,representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表)【語境助記】①Youmightrepresent_each_letterwithanumber,forexample.Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.你可以使用數(shù)字來代表每個字母，例如，讓我們把字母表中的字母按順序從1排到26。②Hewaspickedoutfromthewholeclassto_represent_themtotheotherschool.他被挑選出來作為全班同學(xué)的代表，到另一所學(xué)校去。③Herepresented_himself_as/to_beanofficer.他自稱是一名軍官。④Thechairmanrepresentedtheimportanceofthebilltotheaudience.主席向聽眾說明法案的重要性。⑤Theassociationissendingrepresentativestotheconference.該協(xié)會將派代表出席大會?！疽谆毂嫖觥縭epresent用來表示“代表某人/某個團體/政府等”、“某種標志代表……”、“某物(書、雕塑等)表現(xiàn)的是……”和“把某人/物描繪成……”onbehalfof只能用作狀語，表示“代表/代替某人”standfor往往用來表示“(字母、數(shù)字、符號等)代表/象征……”⑥選詞填空(represent/onbehalfof/standfor)a．Heacceptedtheinvitationon_behalf_ofthewholeclass.b．TheletterAcanstand_forseveralsoundsinEnglish.c．Hewaschosentorepresentourschoolatthemeeting.例2、curiousadj.好奇的Juliewascurioustofindoutmore,soaftertalkingwithherparentsthatevening,shebookedaflighttoSouthAmerica.朱莉想了解更多，所以那晚與父母交談之后訂了去南美的航班?！練w納拓展】(1)becuriousabout對……感到好奇Becuriousto_dosth.渴望做某事(2)curiosityn.好奇心out_ofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone'scuriosity滿足某人的好奇心withcuriosity＝curiously好奇地【語境助記】①Inhighschool,Ibecamecurious_abouttheputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.在高中時，我對電腦感到好奇，并且建立了我的第一個網(wǎng)站。②I'mcuriousto_knowwhathashappenedtohim.我想知道他發(fā)生了什么事。③Thelittleboy,out_of_curiosity,_tooktheradiosetapart.這個小男孩出于好奇把收音機給拆了。④Itisgoodtobe_curious_abouttheworldaroundyoubecauseIthinkcuriosityisthebestteacher.對你周圍的世界感到好奇是件好事，因為我認為好奇心是最好的老師。3.approachvt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近n．接近；方法；途徑TonyapproachedJulia，touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek！托尼走近朱莉婭，摸了摸她的肩，并親了一下她的臉頰！【歸納拓展】(1)attheapproachof在……快要來臨的時候anapproachto(doing)sth.做某事的方法(2)approachsth./sb.接近，靠近某物/某人with...approaching隨著……的臨近【名師點睛】(1)approach表示“接近；靠近”時，為不可數(shù)名詞；表示“處理、對待……的方法、途徑”時，為可數(shù)名詞，其后常與to搭配。(2)表示“(做)事情的方法”的搭配有：theapproachto(doing)sth.thewaytodo/of(doing)sth.themeansof(doing)sth.themethodof(doing)sth.(3)注意以下不同的介詞搭配：withthismethod/inthisway/bythismeans?！菊Z境助記】①Approachingthevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.他們靠近那輛車，看見一個婦女正努力從破損的窗戶向外爬。②Thetimeforgraduationis_approaching.畢業(yè)的日子即將來臨。③Theytookamorereasonableapproach_to_teaching_their_children,_conveyingtothemhowsuccessatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives.他們采取一種更合理的方法教育他們的孩子，向他們傳達在學(xué)校成功是如何改善他們的生活的。④Manykindsofbirdsflysouthat_the_approach_ofwinter.冬季來臨之時，許多種鳥往南方飛。例4、defendvt.保護；保衛(wèi)defencen．防御；保衛(wèi)Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.(P26)她后退了幾步，看上去有些吃驚，并舉起了手，好像是在自衛(wèi)。【歸納拓展】(1)defendsb./sth.from/againstsb./sth.保護某人/某物免受某人/某物的傷害defendoneselfagainststh.為自己辯護(2)indefence(of...)為了保衛(wèi)(……)insb.'s/sth.'sdefence為某人/某物辯護；在某人/某物的保護下【語境助記】①Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.他們幫助身體對抗某種感染。②Theirdutyistodefend_the_country_againstitsenemies.他們的職責(zé)是保衛(wèi)國家不受敵人的侵襲。③Itissaidthatthemurdererhasemployedafamouslawyerto_defend_himself.據(jù)說那個殺人犯聘請了一位著名的律師為他辯護。④Allthepeople,menandwomen,youngandold,werefightingagainstthefloodin_defence_oftheirownhomes.所有的人，無論男女老幼，都與洪水作斗爭，保衛(wèi)自己的家園。【易混辨析】defend著重指用武力抵御攻擊和侵犯protect指采取一定措施，使用某些器具以保護人或物免遭損害，使用范圍廣泛guard強調(diào)通過看守警戒，以確保安全⑤用defend,protect,guard的正確形式填空a．ThesergeanttoldSwifttoguardtheentrancetothebuilding.b．Wemustprotectthechildrenfromharm.c．Weshalldefendourcountry,whatevercostmaybe.高頻考點二短語例1、belikelyto很可能……；有希望……However,peoplefromplaceslikeSpain,ItalyorSouthAmericancountriesapproachotherscloselyandaremorelikelytotouchthem.(P26)不過，來自像西班牙、意大利或南美等國家的人會站在離別人很近的地方，而且很可能(用身體)接觸對方?！練w納拓展】(1)sb./sth.belikelyto_dosth.某人/某物可能做某事Itislikelytodosth.做某事是可能的。Itislikelythat...做……是可能的。(主語從句)Notlikely!不可能！(2)unlikelyadj.不太可能的【語境助記】①Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikelyto_bringyourworkhome.如果你在辦公室之外發(fā)現(xiàn)了你喜歡做的事情，你就不大可能把工作帶回家。②Peoplewithstart-upfatiguearemostlikelyto_delaytasks.在開始階段有疲憊感的人們很有可能會推遲任務(wù)。③Youarelikelyto_sufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.＝It_is_likelythatyoucouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.如果你繼續(xù)吸煙，很有可能會健康狀況不佳。④It'sprettyunlikelythatthey'llturnupnow—it'snearlyteno'clock.他們現(xiàn)在不大可能來了——都快10點了。易混辨析likely指從外表、跡象上進行判斷有可能發(fā)生。既可以用人也可以用物作主語Itislikelythat...或sb./sth.islikelyto...possible指客觀上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。不能用人作主語Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.或Itispossiblebableprobable的可能性比possible大，表示“很可能，十有八九”。也不能以人作主語It'sprobablethat...不能用It'sprobableforsb.todo這一結(jié)構(gòu)例2、ingeneral總的來說；通常Ingeneral，though，studyinginternationalcustomscancertainlyhelpavoiddifficultiesintoday'sworldofculturalcrossroads！但總的來說，在當今文化交融的世界，學(xué)習(xí)不同國家的習(xí)俗肯定能夠幫助我們避免交往中的困難！【歸納拓展】(1)generalknowledge常識asageneralrule一般而言；通常(2)generallyadv.一般地；通常地generallyspeaking通常來說；總的來說(在句中作插入語)(3)onthewhole總的來說＝inaword＝inshort＝inbrief＝allinall＝ingeneral【語境助記】①In_general,_theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.總的來說，她們會比男性多活六、七年。②Generallyspeaking,parentscaremoreabouttheirchildren'shealththanabouttheirown.一般來說，父母關(guān)心孩子的健康勝過關(guān)心自己的健康。③Asageneralrule,themoreexpensivetheputeris,thebetteritis.一般來說，電腦越貴越好。例3、loseface丟臉；失面子Thereareunhappysmiles,suchaswhensomeone“l(fā)osesface”andsmilestohideit.(P30)還有不愉快的微笑，比如說當某人“丟臉”時，他們用微笑來掩蓋?！練w納拓展】(1)saveone'sface挽回面子makeaface做個鬼臉(2)befacedwith面對(3)face_to_face面對面in(the)faceof面對(問題、困難、危險等)【語境助記】①You'dbettermakegreateffortstoachieveit,otherwiseyouwilllose_face.你最好全力以赴去實現(xiàn)它，否則你會顏面盡失的。②I'venevermetherface_to_face.We'veonlytalkedonthephone.我從來沒有和她見過面。我們只在中交談過。③[2016·天津高考]Weshouldnotloseheartin_face_of_difficulties.Ifweworkhard,wewillfindawayout.在面對困難之時，我們不應(yīng)該泄氣，如果我們繼續(xù)努力，我們就會找到出路。④Ratherthanadmitfailure,Frankmade_a_faceinordertosave_his_face.弗蘭克為了保全面子，沒有承認失敗，而是做了個鬼臉。⑤Faced_with_difficulties,_wenevergiveupbuttryourbesttofindawayout.面對困難時，我們從不放棄而是努力尋找出路。例4、atease舒適；快活；自由自在Themostuniversalfacialexpressionis,ofcourse,thesmile—itsfunctionistoshowhappinessandputpeopleatease.微笑當然是最通用的面部表情，它的作用是表達快樂和安人心境?！練w納拓展】(1)withease輕易地；毫不費力地feel/lookatease感到/看上去心情放松putsb.atease使某人放松takeone'sease休息；輕松一下(2)easesb.ofsth.減輕某人的(痛苦、負擔(dān)等)【語境助記】①Hedidn'tfeelpletelyat_easeinthestrangesurroundings.他在陌生的環(huán)境中感到不那么自在。②Whenyoufeelnervous,you'dbetterlistentosomelightmusicto_put_yourself_at_ease.當你感到緊張時，你最好聽些輕音樂使自己放松下來。③Hepassedtheexamwith_ease.他輕而易舉地通過了考試。④Themedicineeased_him_ofthepain.這藥減輕了他的疼痛。高頻考點三句型Thefirstpersonto_arrivewasTonyGarciafromColombia,closelyfollowedbyJuliaSmithfromBritain.第一個到達的是從哥倫比亞來的托尼·加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱麗婭·史密斯?！練w納拓展】toarrive是不定式作后置定語。(1)當中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級，next,only,last等限定時，常用不定式作后置定語。(2)動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾抽象名詞，常見的有：ability,chance,ambition,offer,anxiety,answer,attempt,way等。(3)作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具，不定式后面須加相應(yīng)的介詞?！菊Z境助記】①In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomanto_wintheNobelPeacePrize.在1931年，亞當斯成為美國第一位獲得諾貝爾和平獎的女士。②ZhangMengxuewasthefirstChineseathleteto_winthegoldmedalinthe31thOlympicGames.張夢雪是在第31屆奧運會上第一位獲得金牌的中國運動員。③Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilityto_producebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney(腎)failureanddeath.這影響了它們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和繁殖能力，還會導(dǎo)致腎衰竭和死亡。④Theabilityto_expressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.表達思想的能力和思想本身一樣重要。⑤MrLiboughtafortableflatto_live_in.李先生買了一套舒適的公寓住。高頻考點四語法動詞-ing形式作定語和狀語一、動詞的-ing形式作定語1.表示名詞的屬性、作用或用途。Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.2.表示所修飾的名詞的動作或狀態(tài)，相當于一個定語從句。Theboystudyingintheclassroomisourmonitor.(＝Theboywhoisstudyingintheclassroomisourmonitor.)3.當分詞單獨作定語時，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是分詞短語作定語，則放在該名詞后。Iwassatisfiedwiththeexcitingspeech.Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.二、動詞的-ing形式作狀語動詞的-ing形式在句中作狀語，修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，表示動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步或伴隨情況等。Turningaround,Isawacardrivingup.Notknowinghistelephonenumber,Icouldn'tgetintouchwithhim.Workinghard,you'llmakegreatprogress.Thesnowlastedaweek,resultinginaserioustrafficconfusioninthewholearea.Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.【2018·全國III】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.___36___WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.____37____It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."___38___"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges.“They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile._____39_____”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.____40____Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."A.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,etoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenWhenI'mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingpletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.【答案】36.B37.D38.A39.F40.E【解析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了跳舞的好處。36.根據(jù)后文WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.等可知，這里是說在美國到處有人跳舞，從佛羅里達到阿拉斯加，從北到南等，故選B。38.根據(jù)第四段后句，是通過舉例介紹人們跳舞的原因，故選A。39.根據(jù)前句theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile,所以他們的心情徹底改變，故選F。40.根據(jù)文章前后句可知，此處人稱為第一人稱，所以E符合語境，作者結(jié)合自己的跳舞經(jīng)歷介紹了跳舞給自己帶來的好處?！?018·浙江卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubeeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoacplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould._____31_____Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房產(chǎn))neat,clean,andingoodrepair.____32____Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag._____33_____Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.______34______Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.______35______Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybeeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoueacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly【答案】31.G32.F33.E34.B35.C【解析】怎樣成為一個鄰居都喜歡的人，作者給了幾點建議。32.考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段介紹和鄰居關(guān)系融洽最重要的是保持干凈整潔的戶內(nèi)戶外環(huán)境，F(xiàn)項中keepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.保持街上的一切新鮮和誘人，與本段意思一致，故選F。33.考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要建議要重視社區(qū)的整體面貌，出門拿上一個垃圾袋，E項：遇到從路過的汽車里扔出的廢紙，把它撿起來。與上句連接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故選E。34.考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段是建議用鄰居可以接受的方式幫助他們，同時尊重鄰居的隱私。B項：好鄰居就是喜歡在小的方面幫助別人的人，符合本段內(nèi)容，故選B。35.考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。最后一段是總結(jié)，只要我們考慮周到，尊重他人，照顧好屬于自己的東西，為周圍的人感到自豪，很快就會成為一個大家都喜歡的好鄰居。C項中consideratebehavior是下文內(nèi)容的概括，故選C。1.【2017·新課標I】短文改錯(共10小題；每小題l分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turningleft!