2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語單元加餐練WELCOMEUNIT含解析新人教版必修第一冊

單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Forcenturies,peoplewonderedhowbigtheEarthwas.Unfortunately,althoughtheEarthwasflat,noonewasabletofigure_outitssize.Gradually,however,peoplebegantorealizethattheEarthwasreallyround.Then,inthethirdcenturyBC(2,300yearsago),aGreekmannamedEratostheneshadanidea.EratostheneswassurethattheEarthwasasphere.Heusedthesunandgeometry(幾何學(xué))tofigureoutthesizeoftheEarth.Hecalculatedthatthecircumference(圓周)oftheEarthwas28,600miles(46,000kilometers).ThetruesizeoftheEarthis25,000miles(40,000kilometers)．Eratosthenes'measurementwaswrong,butitwasveryclosetothetruth.FormanycenturiesafterEratosheneslived,peoplemademapsoftheEarth.However,theydidnotknowverymuchabouttheworldoutsideofEurope,Asia,andNorthAfrica.MapmakerscouldnotdrawaccuratemapsoftheEarthuntilpeoplebegantravelingaroundtheworldinthefifteenthcentury,mappingsmallareaseachtime.Intheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,peoplebeganmakingcorrectmapsofcountries,butthefirstaccuratemapsoftheworldwerenotmadeuntilthe1890s.Mapstodayarereliable(可依靠的),inexpensive,andeasytounderstand.Peopledependonmapseveryday.Whatwouldourlivesbelikewithoutthem?本文是一篇科普文。文章介紹了地球是圓的的發(fā)覺過程及地圖繪制的過程。1．Asphereisa________.A．largeshape B．planetC．ballshape D．memberofthesunfamily答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段EratostheneswassurethattheEarthwasasphere.和Hecalculatedthatthecircumference(圓周)oftheEarthwas28,600miles(46,000kilometers)．可知sphere是球形，故選C。2．What'sasynonym(同義詞)for“figureout”？A．geometry. B．calculate.C．makeout. D．understand.答案：B解析：詞義揣測題。noonewasabletofigureoutitssize指沒有人能夠計算出它的大小，figureout“計算”，與calculate同義，故選B。3．Thefirstcorrectmapsoftheworldweremade________.A．inthe15thcentury B．inthe18thcenturyC．inthe19thcentury D．inthe20thcentury答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段thefirstaccuratemapsoftheworldwerenotmadeuntilthe1890s.可知世界上最早的精確地圖是19世紀(jì)90年頭出現(xiàn)的，故選C。4．WhendidmapmakersbegintodrawcorrectmapsoftheEarth?A．Whenpeoplebegantotravelaroundtheworld.B．WhenpeopleknewthesizeoftheEarth.C．WhenpeopleknewtheshapeoftheEarth.D．Beforepeopletraveledaroundtheworld.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段MapmakerscouldnotdrawaccuratemapsoftheEarthuntilpeoplebegantravelingaroundtheworldinthefifteenthcentury,mappingsmallareaseachtime.可知到15世紀(jì)人們起先環(huán)游世界，地圖制作者們才繪制出了精確的地球地圖。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五TakingaChildFishingThereisnothingquitelikeseeingthesmileonayoungperson'sfacewhentheycatchtheirfish.Herearesomesimplestepsthatcanbetakentohelpchildrenandparentsenjoytheseearlyfishingexperiences.__1__It'seasiertoteachyoungchildrentofishifyourattentionistowardsthemandnottowardsyourownfishing.Ifyouarealsotryingtofish,thiscanmakethatdifficultforbothofyou.__2__Whentheyneedyourhelp,youcanhanddownyourtoolandtheycankeepfishing.Keeptripsshort.Childrenhaveshortattentionperiods.__3__Takethisintoconsiderationwhenplanningatrip.Whenitstopsbeingfunforthem,it'stimetocallitaday.Bringplentyofsnacksanddrinks.Eventhoughmostofthesetripswillbeshort,theywillgethungryandthirsty.Bringingplentyofsnacksanddrinksgivesthemalittlebreakfromfishing.__4__Youcanusethistimewhiletheyareeatingorplayingtodosomefishingyourself.Otherthanfishing.Justbecausetheyareonafishingtripdoesn'tmeanthattheyhavetofinishallthetime.Letthemdothingsbesidesfishingaslongasitisn'tinterfering(打攪)withthepeoplefishingaroundyou.__5__Astoponthewayhomeforicecreamorothertreatscanalsobeafunpartofthetrip.Rememberit'sallaboutthemhavingfunandhopefullywantingtogofishingwithyouagain.A．Letthemhelpmakechoices.B．Makethefishingtripaboutthem.C．Childrenlovetofeelliketheyarehelpingout.D．Thiscanbemoreexcitingtothemthantheactualfishing.E．Thesameistrueifyoubringafewsmalltoysforthemtoplaywith.F．Onewaytosolvethisproblemisforyoutousethetoolthechildcanuse.G．Anhourorpossiblytwowillbeaboutallofthefishingtheycanhandleinaday.本文是一篇說明文。沒有什么比看到一個年輕人在捕魚時臉上的微笑更讓人興奮的了。文章介紹了一些簡潔的步驟，可以幫助孩子和父母享受這些早期釣魚的閱歷。1．B解析：此空是小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)當(dāng)是短小精悍的祈使句，在A、B兩項中選擇。再依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，“假如你的留意力集中在小孩子身上，而不是你自己釣魚的話，教他們釣魚就更簡潔了。假如你也想釣魚，這會給你們倆帶來困難。”由此推知，B項Makethefishingtripaboutthem.(圍圍著孩子安排釣魚)切題。關(guān)鍵詞是fishing。故選B。2．F解析：上文提示“假如你也想釣魚，這會給你們倆帶來困難。”承接上下文，F(xiàn)項Onewaytosolvethisproblemisforyoutousethetoolthechildcanuse.(解決這個問題的一種方法是運用孩子可以運用的工具)切題。故選F。3．G解析：上文提示“孩子們留意力集中的時間很短?！背薪由衔模珿項Anhourorpossiblytwowillbeaboutallofthefishingtheycanhandleinaday.(他們一天大約能釣一個或兩個小時的魚)切題。故選G。4．E解析：上文提示“帶上足夠的零食和飲料可以讓他們在釣魚的間隙放松一下?！背薪由衔?，E項Thesameistrueifyoubringafewsmalltoysforthemtoplaywith.(假如你帶一些小玩具給他們玩，狀況也是一樣)切題。故選E。5．D解析：上文提示“讓他們做一些釣魚以外的事情，只要不干擾你四周的人釣魚?！背薪由衔?，D項Thiscanbemoreexcitingtothemthantheactualfishing.(對他們來說，這比真正的釣魚更令人興奮)切題。故選D。Ⅲ.完形填空TheFitting-inofSuzyKhanThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboysinmyclassoften__1__aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤兒)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilyintownwho__2__thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithAmericankids.Ilookeddownatthis__3__girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher__4__inwithus?Therehadtobea__5__.Oneday,whenIwentintotheclassroom,IsawthatSuzyhad__6__hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain,andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n)__7__copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethinginthecoming__8__show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker,andshowedherwhatSuzyhad__9__.“why,it'swonderful，”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted__10__thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon'thaveenough__11__.Couldyouhelpme,Suzy？”O(jiān)nthedayofthetalentshow,Suzy's__12__wereeverywhere—alloverthehallandallovertheschool,eachonedifferent.“Andfinally，”saidMrBrown,theschoolmaster,attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)__13__award.I'msureyou'veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents__14__them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw__15__well？”MrBrownwaitedawhilebeforesaying,“__16__thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa__17__，too.Ourmystery(神奇)artistisournewstudent—SuzyKhan！”MrBrownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist'sset.“Thankyou，”shecried.I__18__，atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she'dprobablynever__19__anythinginherwholelife.Everyonestartedto__20__theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashysmileandtheapplausewasdeafening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtobeallright.本文是一篇記敘文。本文講了一個非洲來的兒童Suzy被美國家庭收養(yǎng)，為讓孩子了解美國生活，他們把孩子送進(jìn)學(xué)校和美國孩子一起學(xué)習(xí)。但那些美國孩子卻常常訕笑她。一次偶然的機(jī)會，“我”發(fā)覺了她的繪畫才能，并把她介紹給藝術(shù)老師。藝術(shù)老師也認(rèn)同她的繪畫才能，讓她幫自己制作才藝秀的海報。在才藝秀結(jié)束的時候，校長頒發(fā)給Suzy一個特別的獎項，同學(xué)們也認(rèn)可和接納了她。1．A.joked B．caredC．trains D．worried答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。依據(jù)語境，這里是說“班里的男孩子會拿她開玩笑，然后就是哄堂大笑。而她也只好眼含淚水地假裝看書?！眏okeabout拿……開玩笑；careabout介意，在乎；trainabout關(guān)于……的訓(xùn)練；worryabout為……擔(dān)憂。故選A。2．A.reported B．decidedC．complained D．questioned答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析及語境理解。A.reported報告；B.decided確定；Cplained埋怨；D.questioned詢問。這個非洲孤兒被美國家庭收養(yǎng)，美國家庭確定(認(rèn)定)和美國孩子在一起才能讓她學(xué)會美國生活方式。decide這里是認(rèn)定、斷定的意思。故選B。3．A.richB．proudC．tinyD．popular答案：C解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.rich有錢的；B.proud驕傲的；C.tiny微小的；D.popular受歡迎的。依據(jù)上文敘述，這個女孩比同齡12歲的孩子都要瘦小，所以“我低頭看著這個小小的女孩子，下決心無論如何都要幫助她”。rich富有的，proud傲慢的，popular流行的，受歡迎的。明顯都不符合語境。tiny＝“very”small。故選C。4．AeB．fallC．fitD．tie答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析和上下文語境。Ae來；B.fall落下；C.fit適合；D.tie系。我準(zhǔn)備幫助這個女孩與大家融洽相處。文章標(biāo)題已給出提示。fitinwith適合，與……一樣。故選C。5．A.mannerB．patternC．choiceD．way答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.manner方式；B.pattern模式；C.choice選擇；D.way方式。依據(jù)上文確定幫助小女孩與大家融洽相處，必需找尋一個方法/方法。manner做事或行為方式，多指行動的特別方式或獨特的方法，pattern指模式、花樣、圖案等，choice指選擇，way指方式、方法、手段等，可指一般的方法，有時也指個人的方法或方式。因為這里沒有談到什么方法，所以只能用籠統(tǒng)的方法way。故選D。6．A.readB．takenC．openedD．put答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析和語境理解。A.read閱讀；B.taken拿走；C.opened打開；D.put放置。Suzy把書打開到火車圖片那里。open...to把……翻到，to是介詞，表達(dá)“到……地方”。其他均不合適。故選C。7．A.freeB．perfectC．finalD．extra答案：B解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析和上下文語境。A.free自由的；B.perfect完備的；C.final最終的；D.extra額外的。她對火車圖的復(fù)制，效果怎樣要看文中第9題后的陳述，“why,it'swonderful”可知，特別好，與此題選項中的perfect相近。故選B。8．A.artB．talkC．quizD．talent答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析和上下文語境。A.art藝術(shù)；B.talk談?wù)摚籆.quiz小測試；D.talent才能，天才。依據(jù)后文第10題后的陳述“thetalentshow”我們知道這是一個才藝秀。故選D。9．A.coloredB．writtenC．carvedD．drawn答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析和語境理解。A.colored涂色；B.written書寫；C.carved雕刻；D.drawn繪畫。依據(jù)上文陳述，Suzy在畫火車，所以這里應(yīng)當(dāng)是“我”把她畫的東西展示給藝術(shù)老師看。故選D。10．A.atB．a(chǎn)fterC．forD．a(chǎn)round答案：C解析：考查介詞。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，這里是老師拿出一張“為才藝秀”做的海報。for意為“為……”。故選C。11．A.roomB．timeC．paperD．interest答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析和語境理解。A.room房間；B.time時間；C.paper紙；D.interest愛好。由該空前面“more”和空后的“help”兩個詞可知，老師還須要更多的海報，但老師“沒有足夠的時間”，所以才請Suzy幫忙制作。故選B。12．A.giftsB．booksC．photosD．posters答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析和上下文語境。A.gifts禮物；B.books書；C.photos照片；D.posters海報。上文已談到，藝術(shù)老師想讓Suzy幫忙制作一些海報，所以，才藝秀當(dāng)天應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)教幎寄芸吹絊uzy制作的海報。故選D。13．A.specialB．a(chǎn)cademicC．nationalD．royal答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.special特別的；B.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；C.national國家的；D.royal皇家的。才藝秀當(dāng)天大家都表演了，還要頒發(fā)一個特別的獎項給制作海報的人，因為制作海報原本不是才藝秀的內(nèi)容。故選A。14．A.paintedB．foundC．printedD．collected答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析和上下文語境。A.painted畫；B.found發(fā)覺；C.printed印刷；D.collected收集。文中這句話的意思說“我們一個學(xué)生畫了這些海報”，除了draw以外，我們還可以運用paint一詞，表示繪畫。故選A。15．A.veryB．thatC．quiteD．too答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義。修飾形容詞或副詞，表示那么，那樣，我們一般用so，也可以用that，二者意思相近。thatwell＝“so”well。故選B。16．A.IfB．ThoughC．UnlessD．Since答案：D解析：考查狀語從句的連接詞和上下文語境。A.If假如；B.Though盡管；C.Unless除非；D.Since因為?！耙驗檫@位同學(xué)如此努力地畫了這些海報”，所以值得嘉獎。since＝“now”that/because。故選D。17．A.prizeB．rankC．restD．place答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析和語境理解。A.prize獎品；B.rank等級，軍銜；C.rest休息；D.place地方。因為努力畫了這些海報，這位同學(xué)值得嘉獎。故選A。18．A.replied B．realizedC．remembered D．regretted答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.replied回答；B.realized意識到；C.remembered記得；D.regretted懊悔。該空描寫作者的思想活動，是意識到她從來沒有擁有過什么，這些成就和別人的承認(rèn)第一次讓她意識到自己的實力和重要。故選B。19．A.offeredB．valuedC．ownedD．controlled答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.offered供應(yīng)；B.valued評估，估價；C.owned擁有；D.controlled限制。因為是外來的移民，沒有融入大家的生活中，這次活動讓大家看到了她擁有的東西。故選C。20．A.clapB．waveC．raiseD．shake答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.clap鼓掌；B.wave揮手；C.raise提高；D.shake搖動。因為她畫得好，得到校長表揚，才能得到大家認(rèn)可，所以大家為她鼓掌。clapone'shands鼓掌。故選A。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。In2024,onein16Americansvisitedtheemergencyroomforhomeinjuriesthatresultedfromknives,ladders,andcookware,etc.Whatisthemaincausesoftheseaccidents?Awanderingmind.Byoneestimate,peopledaydreamthroughnearlyhalftheirwakinghours.Psychologistshaverecentlyfocusedonthetendencytothinkaboutsomethingotherthanthetaskathand.Inoneexperiment,twoHarvardresearchersdevelopedaniPhoneapptoanalyzetherelationshipbetweendaydreamingandhappiness.Theyfoundpeople'smindstendedtowandermorewhentheyfeltupsetratherthanhappy.Drinkingalcoholanddaydreamingalsoseemtogohandinhand.Andtheyoungerweare,themorelikelywemaybetoletourmindwander.Peopleaged18to25reportsignificantlymoretask-unrelatedthoughtsthanthoseaged60to85.Howdodaydreamsaffectdaydreamers?Justasawanderingmindmakesusaccident-proneathome,itleavesusmorelikelytobeattackedintrafficaccidents.Inanunusualstudy,Frenchresearchersvisitedanemergencyroomtointerview955patientsinvolvedintrafficaccidents.Themajorityofthemreportedhavingdaydreamedjustbefore