Unit1ScienceandScientistsLearningaboutLanguage課件-高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit1ScienceandScientistsLearningAboutLanguage定義：表語從句放在

之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的

。結(jié)構(gòu):

____________________________

主語+系動(dòng)詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句系動(dòng)詞表語Underlinealltheexamplesinthereadingpassagewherenounclausesareusedasthepredicative.Thenstatetheirmeaningandfunctions.1.Onetheorywas_____________________________________2.Anotherwas_____________________________________3.Thetruthwas____________________________________________thatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.thatbadaircausedthedisease.thatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.predicativeclause(表語從句)定義：表語從句放在

之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的

。結(jié)構(gòu):

_______________________________

主語+系動(dòng)詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句系動(dòng)詞表語1.右面圖表里的動(dòng)詞，不總是用作連系動(dòng)詞。2.代詞充當(dāng)表語時(shí)，通常用代詞的賓格形式。3.做題時(shí)，區(qū)分該用動(dòng)詞過去分詞、V-ing形式還是動(dòng)詞的不定式充當(dāng)表語：主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，并且動(dòng)作在持續(xù)進(jìn)行時(shí)，用V-ing形式；主語是承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞使用過去分詞；而當(dāng)主語為動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞多用不定式。

表語從句前的系動(dòng)詞Sheremained_________thereforagoodhour,whichsurprisedeveryone.令所有人吃驚的是，她在那里站了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。standing常見的可以接表語從句的連系動(dòng)詞有:be,feel,seem,look.appear,sound,remain,prove。表語從句概述AtthattimeitseemedasthoughIcouldn'tthinkoftheappropriateword.當(dāng)時(shí)，我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?。that在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,無實(shí)際意義,一般不能省略。that與whether引導(dǎo)表語從句ThefactisthatIwasonthescenewhentheincidenthappened.事實(shí)上，事件發(fā)生時(shí)我就在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。Myideaisthatweshouldstartmakingpreparationsrightnow.我的意見是我們馬上就開始做準(zhǔn)備工作。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellher.我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴她。連接詞whether起連接作用，意為"是否,究竟,到底",在句中也不作任何成分。if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。that與whether引導(dǎo)表語從句Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.醫(yī)生真正懷疑的是我母親是否能很快從這場(chǎng)重病中康復(fù)。Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.問題是這部電影是否值得看。Answerthefollowingquestionsusingtheinformationfromthereadingpassageaswellasthepredicativeclauses.1.WhatwasSnow’sdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondonSnowsdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondonwasthat______________________________________________________.2.WhatwasSnowdeterminedtofindoutduringthe1854outbreakofcholerainLondonWhatSnowwasdeterminedtofindoutwaswhy_________________________________________________________.3.WhatweretheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapTheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapwerewhere__________________________________________________.4.WhatwasthefindingthatSnowannouncedSnow’sfindingwasthat__________________________________.EXAMPLEWhatWasitthatJohnSnowshowedtotheworldWhatJohnSnowshowedtotheworldwashowcholeracouldbeovercome.thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendaystheoutbreakofcholerahadcausedover500deathswithintendaysallthosewhodiedhadlivedthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms表語從句Exercise1DavidistalkingtoMariaabouttheirscientificresearchproject.FirstcompleteDavid’slines(A-E),usingthewordsinthebox.ThenputDavid’slinesinthecorrectorderandpractisetheconversation.A:Absolutely!Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwas__________happenedattheinitialstageofourgroup’sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.B:Yes,itis.Anditseemed_____________allthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwas_______wecouldn’tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.C:Exactly.Theproblemwasnotabout____________allourtheorieswereequallygood,butindeciding__________theorytodependupon.D:Werealisedthatwhatwecaredaboutwasnot______________aspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butrather_________wecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingitseffect!E:You’reright.Atlast,webecamefocusedonthekeyissue,whichwas___________wehadtocarryouttheresearchinthefirstplace.whatasifthatwhetherwhosewhichhowwhy表語從句Exercise2連接副詞where,when,why,how除在句中起連接作用外,在從句中還分別充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、方式狀語,本身具有詞義連接副詞引導(dǎo)表語從句That'swhereIcantagreewithyou.那就是我不能同意你的地方。Thatwaswhenhewenttothegrocerystore.那就是他去雜貨店的時(shí)候。ThisiswhySaraapologisedtomeaftertheconference.這就是薩拉會(huì)后向我道歉的原因。其他連接詞引導(dǎo)表語從句because引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause...”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Hefellasleepduringthelecture.Thiswasbecausehegotboredwithit.他在講座期間睡著了。這是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)厭倦了。Thebossscoldedhim.Thatwasbecausehecamelate.老板責(zé)罵他，那是因?yàn)樗麃硗砹?。其他連接詞引導(dǎo)表語從句asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞look,seem,sound,become等后面。Itsoundedasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.聽起來好像有人在敲門。Itseemsasthoughhedoesn'tknowtheanswer.看起來他好像不知道答案。表語從句中的虛擬語氣在表“建議,勸說,命令”的名詞advice,idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可省略。Theboss'srequestisthatwe(should)achievethegoalweset.老板的要求是我們要達(dá)到我們?cè)O(shè)定的目標(biāo)。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.我的建議是我們明天早點(diǎn)兒出發(fā)。1.that無詞義，在句中不作成分。試翻譯句子：Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.MyideaisthathecanteachchildrenEnglishinthisschool.2.whether意為“是否”，在句中不作成分。試翻譯句子：Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecream.Thekeyiswhetherwecansolvetheproblemourselves.3.what在表語從句中可作主語、賓語和表語。試翻譯句子：ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.Thisiswhatwehavebeenlookingforwardtoforyears.4.who,which,whom,whose除在句子中起連接作用外，還可作主語、賓語和定語，本身具有詞義。試翻譯句子：Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞答案問題是我們是否還需要一些冰激凌。關(guān)鍵是我們能否自己解決這個(gè)問題。那就是我想告訴你的。這是我們多年來一直期望的。問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。問題在于我們能找到誰去替換她呢。麻煩在于我們的資金短缺。我的想法是他能夠在這所學(xué)校教孩子們英語。5.when,where,how除在句子中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或原因狀語，本身具有意義。試翻譯句子：Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.Theproblemishowwecanfindhim.6.That/Thisiswhy...那/這就是為什么……。后面跟結(jié)果。That/Thisisbecause...那/這是因?yàn)椤?。后面接原因。試翻譯句子：ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.ThatisbecauseIlovetheplacetoomuch.7.asif/asthough意為“好像”。試翻譯句子：Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn’tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.Itseemsasifhedidn’tknowtheanswer.去把外套拿來。就在你原來放的地方。問題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿?。那就是為什么在新英格蘭牧場(chǎng)周圍用石頭墻而不用柵欄。那是因?yàn)槲姨珢圻@個(gè)地方了。當(dāng)時(shí),我似乎怎么也想不出一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)淖盅蹃?。好像他不知道答案。表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞答案1.表語從句一定要用正常語序。2.if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句，只能用whether來引導(dǎo)。3.在有表語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)可以不一致。4.that在表語從句中不可以省掉，表語從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動(dòng)詞只能是連系動(dòng)詞。注意Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.Thequestionis

whenhecanarriveatthehotel.Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.我告訴他的是我會(huì)給他找個(gè)好劇本。（what在主語從句中作直接賓語，that作為表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞在該表語從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，但不能省略）ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.這把剪刀不是我所需要的。表語從句Exercise3Maria:Thismixoftheoryanddataisoneofthekeycharacteristicsofwhatwecallscience.David:________________Maria:WithyourtheoreticalframeworkDavid:________________Maria:Decidingonatheoryisdefinitelyofcriticalimportance.David:________________Maria:Thiswaswhenyoushouldhavecalmeddownandgotdowntodoingsomesolidwork.David:________________Maria:SowhathappenedintheendDavid:________________CBEDAA:Absolutely!Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwaswhathappenedattheinitialstageofourgroup’sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.B:Yes,itis.Anditseemedasifallthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwasthatwecouldn’tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.C:Exactly.Theproblemwasnotaboutwhetherallourtheorieswereequallygood,butindeciding.which/what/whosetheorytodependupon.D:Werealisedthatwhich/whatwecaredaboutwasnotwhichaspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butratherhowwecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingitseffect!E:You’reright.Atlast,webecamefocusedonthekeyissue,whichwaswhywehadtocarryouttheresearchinthefirstplace.NowputDavid’slinesinthecorrectorderandpractisetheconversation.用適合的單詞形式填空1.Whatsurprisedu