2024-2025學年人教新版高二（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（九）

第1頁（共1頁）2024-2025學年人教新版高二（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（九）一．完形填空（共1小題）1．There'sasayingthatamixofJacksandJillsmakesatoughjobabreeze（輕而易舉的事）.Thatmightbe（1）boysandgirlshaveagoodchanceofbecomingstudy（2）.ButtheNobelPrizemayhavemadethesayinggofurther﹣a（n）（3）makesatoughjobabreeze.Husband﹣and﹣wifeNorwegianscientistsEdvardMoser，52，andMay﹣BrittMoster，51，alongwithBritish﹣UScitizenJohnO'Keffe，75，receivedlastyear'sNobelPrizeinmedicineonOct6and（4）the﹩1.1million（6.75millionyuan）prizemoney.TheyfoundthatthebrainhasaGPS﹣like（5）thatallowspeopletoproduce（6）mapsand（7）aroundtheworld.Thefindings（8）thesecretstohowwefigureoutashortcuttowork（9）there'satrafficjam.AndtheymayfurtherhelpcurediseaseslikeAlzheimer's（老年癡呆癥）whose（10）losetheirspatial（11）andgeteasilylost.（12），intelligenceandhardworkare（13）behindtheirsuccess，yetmany，includingMay﹣BrittMoser，believespendingtimewithlike﹣mindedpeoplemayhavealsopushedthemtowardthe（14）."It'simpossibletodo（15）onone'sown.Youhavetohavepartnerswhoyoucantrustandsharethesamepassionwithyou."saidMay﹣BrittMoser.Beingfriendsand（16）alsoallowsthemtobounceideasbackandforthonthespot.Theyhave"breakfastmeeting"and"nighttalks"everyday，Theytalkaboutbrainswhentheyareshoppingandcooking.They（17）turnedafamilydinneratafancyrestaurantthissummerintoa（18）abouthowtheirownbrainsknowwheretheyare."Wecan（19）oneanotherinsideandoutsidethelab.That'sgoodbecausethebestideadon't（20）comewhenyou'resittinginthelab."saidEdwardMoser.（1）A．whenB．whereC．whyD．which（2）A．competitorsB．partnersC．participantsD．friends（3）A．familyB．organizationC．coupleD．class（4）A．carriedB．paidC．a(chǎn)wardedD．shared（5）A．partB．functionC．tissueD．character（6）A．realB．physicalC．falseD．mental（7）A．travelB．visitC．searchD．conquer（8）A．unlockB．shapeC．keepD．solve（9）A．whichB．whenC．beforeD．unless（10）A．receiversB．doctorsC．carriersD．victims（11）A．imaginationB．thoughtC．memoryD．a(chǎn)bility（12）A．AdmittedlyB．GenerallyC．StrictlyD．Personally（13）A．largelyB．partlyC．fullyD．lightly（14）A．familyB．marriageC．moneyD．prize（15）A．a(chǎn)nythingB．everythingC．nothingD．something（16）A．familiesB．relativesC．classmatesD．scientists（17）A．maybeB．somewhatC．thereforeD．even（18）A．fightB．discussionC．negotiationD．challenge（19）A．teachB．learnC．inspireD．a(chǎn)rgue（20）A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．occasionallyC．necessarilyD．possibly二．閱讀理解（共3小題）2．InChina，the"kingdomofbicycles"，peoplewenteverywherebybicycle.However，nowasaresultofindustrialization，from1995to2005，thenumberofbikesdeclinedby35%inChinesecities，whilecarsandothermotorvehiclesdoubled.Thishasleftairpollutedandroadscrowded.InChina，pollutantlevelshaverisenalongsideurbanpopulationgrowth.Todealwiththisissue，Chinesecitieshaveinvested（投資）increasinglyinpublictransportsystemslikebike﹣sharing.Bike﹣sharingsystemshavegrownextremelyinChinainthepastdecade.ThefirstmajormodelsstartedinEuropeancitiesAmsterdamandCopenhagenin1968and1995andofferedaservicethroughwhichcity﹣goerscouldeasilyborrowbikestotravelaroundthecity.Sincethen，bike﹣sharingsystemshavegrownrapidly.Chinanowhasthebiggestandlargestnumberofbike﹣sharingprograms.OneofthelargestprogramsistheHangzhouPublicBicycleService.Thesystemisstraightforward﹣pickupabikefromanystationandyoucanrideforfreeinthefirsthour.Needanotherhour？Pay1Chineseyuanforasecondhour.Givenitseaseandcheapness，it'snosurprisethatanaverageof310，000peopleusethesystemeveryday.However，theadoptionofbike﹣sharingwasn'teasyatthebeginning.Afterthe2008OlympicGames，Beijingstruggledinmaintainingitsbike﹣sharingprograms，asbike﹣sharingcompaniessufferedheavyfinancial（財政的）lossesduetolittlegovernmentsupportandlittledemand.Shanghaisimilarlystruggledin2014，withcitizenschoosingtotaketaxisortobuytheirownbikes.Thenthingsstartedtolookup.Andnowmorebike﹣sharingprograms，likeMobikeandOfo，aredevelopingquickly.Regardlessofhowbike﹣sharingsystemschangeinChina，it'sevidentthatthey'vemadetheirmarkonChina'stransportsystems，onthewaytomakingthecountryreturntothe"kingdomofbicycles"andhopefullyregaincleanair.（1）Whatcontributedtothebirthofbike﹣sharingprogramsinChina？A．Risingpollutantlevels.B．Thepopulationgrowth.C．Thetraditionofridingbicycles.D．People'sincreasinginterestincycling.（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutbike﹣sharingfromParagraph2？A．Itservesasthemostconvenienttransportsystem.B．ItisacommonmeansoftransportinEurope.C．ItenjoyspopularityinmostChinesecities.D．Ithasahistoryofabouthalfacentury.（3）WhatmadeShanghaihavetroublekeepingitsbike﹣sharingprogramsatfirst？A．Littledemand.B．Toomanytaxis.C．Alackofmoney.D．Nogovernmentsupport.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？A．Bikes：AnEco﹣friendlyMeansofTransportB．TheBenefitsofBike﹣sharingC．TheKingdomofBicyclesD．Bike﹣sharinginChina3．（2023?香坊區(qū)校級一模）At1：43a.m.October5，2022，StanfordchemistCarolynR.BertozziwasawakenedbyaphonecallfromaNobelcommitteerepresentativewhotoldher，"Youhave50minutestocollectyourselfandwaituntilyourlifechanges."Instructednottosharetheannouncementoutsideofhertightestinnercircle，thefirstpersonBertozzicalledwasherfather，aretiredphysicsprofessorfromMIT."He's91and，ofcourse，hewasjustoverjoyed，"saidBertozzi.CarolynBertozzi，bornOctober10，1966，Boston，wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinchemistryforherdevelopmentofbioorthogonalreactions，whichallowscientiststoexplorecellsandtrackbiologicalprocesseswithoutdisturbingthenormalchemistryofthecell.Shesharesthe10millionSwedishkronor（about1millionUSD）prizeequallywithMortenMeldal，professoratUniversityofCopenhagenandK.BarrySharpless，professoratScrippsResearch"forthedevelopmentofclickchemistryandbioorthogonalchemistry."Carolynreceivedabachelor'sdegreeinchemistryfromHarvardUniversityin1988andadoctorateinthesamesubjectfromtheUniversityofCalifornia，Berkeleyin1993.ShewasapostdoctoralfellowattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco，from1993to1995.ShebecameanassistantprofessoratBerkeleyin1996andafullprofessorofchemistryandmolecularandcellbiologyin2002.Shealsoheldanappointmentasaprofessorofmolecularandcellularpharmacologyfrom2000to2002attheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco.In2015shebecameaprofessorofchemistryatStanfordUniversity."IcouldnotbemoredelightedthatCarolynBertozzihaswontheNobelPrizeinchemistry，"saidStanfordPresidentMarcTessier﹣Lavigne."Inpioneeringthefieldofbioorthogonalchemistry，Carolyninventedanewwayofstudyingbiomolecularprocesses，onethathashelpedscientistsaroundtheworldgainadeeperunderstandingofchemicalreactionsinlivingsystems.Herworkhashadremarkablereal﹣worldimpact，providingnewdiagnosticandtherapeuticapproachestotreatdisease.Carolynissodeservingofthishonor，andallofusatStanfordaretooproudtocallheroneofourown."Carolyn'sbioorthogonalreactionshavebeenusedtostudyhowcellsbuildproteinsandothermolecules，todevelopnewcancermedicines，andtoproducenewmaterialsforenergystorage，amongmanyotherapplications.（1）WhydoestheauthormentionthephonecallCarolynreceivedinParagraph1？A．TointroducethebackgroundinformationofCarolyn.B．Torevealaconversationbetweentwoscientists.C．Toarousethereaders'interestinthepassage.D．Toshowtheurgencyabouttheinformation.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutCarolynfromparagraphs2and3？A．Hereducationandsuccess.B．Herdelightandpride.C．Herkindnessanddevotion.D．Herdreamandambition.（3）WhatcanweinferfromMarcTessier﹣Lavigne'swords？A．HewantstocooperatewithCarolyn.B．Carolynhasfoundanewcureforcancer.C．HebenefitsgreatlyfromCarolyn'sfindings.D．Carolyn'sfindingsareofgreatsignificance.（4）Whatisthetext？A．Aprofile.B．Anewsreport.C．Ajournal.D．Abookreview.4．（2023春?普陀區(qū)校級期中）"I'venevermetahumanworthcloning，"sayscloningexpertMarkWesthusinfromhislabatTexasA&MUniversity．"It'sastupidendeavor．"That'saninterestingchoiceofadjective，comingfromamanwhohasspentmillionsofdollarstryingtocloneas13﹣year﹣olddognamedMissy．Sofar，heandhisteamhavenotsucceed，thoughtheyhaveclonedtwocowsandexpecttocloneacatsoon．TheyjustmightsucceedincloningMissythisspring﹣orperhapsnotforanotherfiveyears．Itseemsthereproductivesystemofman'sbestfriendisoneofthemysteriesofmodernscience．Westhusin'sexperiencewithcloninganimalsleaveshimupsetbyallthistalkofhumancloning．InthreeyearsofworkontheMissyproject，heandtheA&Mteamhasfailedoverandoveragain．Thewastageofeggsandthemanyfetuses（胎）maybeacceptablewhenyou'redealingwithcatsorbulls，heargues，butnotwithhumans．"Cloningisincrediblyinefficient，andalsodangerous，"hesays．Evenso，dogcloningisacommercialopportunity，withaniceresearchpayoff．EversinceDollythesheepwasclonedin1997，Westhusin'sphonehasbeenringingwithpeoplecallinginhopesofduplicatingtheircatsanddogs，cattleandhorses．"Alotofpeoplewanttoclonepets，especiallyifthepriceisright，"saysWesthusin．CostisnoobstacleforMissy'smysteriousbillionaireowner；he'sputup﹩3.7millionsofartofundA&M'sresearch．Contrarytosomemediareports，Missyisnotdead．TheownerwantsatwintocarryonMissy'sfinequalitiesaftershedoesdie．Theprototypeis，byallaccounts，athletic，good﹣naturedandsuper﹣smart．Missy'smasterdoesnotexpectanexactcopyofher．Heknowsherclonemaynothavehertemperament．Inastatementofpurpose，Missy'sownerandtheA&Mteamsaytheyare"bothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonesdifferfromMissy．"Besidescloningagreatdog，theprojectmaycontributeinsightintotheoldquestionofnaturevs．nurture．Itcouldalsoleadtothecloningofspecialrescuedogsandmanyendangeredanimals．However，Westhusiniscautiousabouthiswork．Heknowsthatevenifhegetsadogpregnant，theoffspring，shouldtheysurvive，willfacetheproblemsshownatbirthbyotherclonedanimals：abnormalitieslikeimmaturelungsandheartandweightproblems．"Whywouldyoueverwanttoclonehumans，"Westhusinasks，"whenwe'renotevenclosetogettingitworkedoutinanimalsyet？"（1）BycloningMissy，MarkWesthusinandA&Mteamattemptto．A．figureoutthepossibilityofhumancloningB．findoutthedifferencesbetweenMissyanditscloneC．studywhytheprototype，Missy，issoathleticandsmartD．showtheirloveforlovelyMissysinceithaspassedaway（2）Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethatdogcloning．A．wasconductedlongbeforethesheepcloningB．hasgainedanunexpectedcoldresponsefromthesocietyC．hasposedagreatfinancialchallengetoWesthusinD．cangenerateanenormouswealthofeconomicreturns（3）WhatisWesthusin'sattitudetowardswhatheisdoing？A．Careful．B．Optimistic．C．Passive．D．Indifferent．（4）Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage？A．Currentcloningtechniqueshaveprovedquiteadequateforhumancloning．B．TheoutcomeofWesthusin'sdogcloningprojectremainsuncertain．C．Dangerousasitis，cloningisanincrediblyefficientmethod．D．Westhusinthoughtitaninterestingattempttoclonehumanbeings．三．信息匹配（共1小題）5．Manycompanies，includingMcDonald's，areremovingartificialcolorsfromtheirfoods.（1）Colorssendimportantsignalsaboutfood，andcompaniesaren'tgoingtostopusingthem.CheeseCheckthepackagesofmostcheeses，andthereislikelyaningredientcalledannatto（胭脂紅）listed.（2）ThepracticedatesbacktowhencheesemakersinEnglandremovedthebutterfatfrommilktomakebutter.Theleftovermilkwaswhiter，socheesemakersaddedannattotocreateagoldencoloring.EggYolksManyhomecooksthinkdarkereggyolksarefresherormorenutritious.Butthecolormaybetheresultofcoloringproductsinchickenfeed.（3）Darkeryolksaren'tnecessarilyhealthier.Thebeliefthattheyarehealthierislikelyrootedintheideathatyolksaredarkerwhenhensarefedadietoffreshplants，whichcontainthepigments（色素）.SalmonBrightpinkfleshmaysignalfreshnesstoshopperseyeingsalmon，whichiswhysalmonmayhavebeenfedsyntheticastaxanthin（蝦青素）.（4）Forexample，atCostco，ticketsoffarmedsalmonaresaying"Coloraddedthroughfeed"."Peopleusedtogetallthecoloringallovertheirfingers.Wenowkindoflaughatthat，"saidRichardMatoian，directorofafoodtradeassociation.（5）Americans，therefore，apparentlyaren'tentirelyreadytosaygoodbyetotheartificialcolorsinvariouskindsoffood.Companiesareexpectedtotakenewmeasuresinresponsetocustomerdemand.A.Withoutit，cheesewouldbeoff﹣white.B.Butproducersknowthedifferencecolorscanmake.C.It'seasytochangeyolkcolorsbysimplyvaryinghens'diet.D.Butdon'texpectyourcheeseburgerstolookmuchdifferent.E.Yolkcolorsvarywhenchickensliveindifferentclimatesaswell.F.Producersareaskedtodeclareonticketsifartificialcolorswereused.G.Somecompaniesevenoffervariousshadesofpinktohelpjudgefleshcolors.四．語法填空（共1小題）6．Thegesture"OK"hasdifferentmeaningsintheUSandFrance.Oncewhen（1）（ask）byahotelmanagerinFranceifhewas（2）（satisfy）withtheservice，anAmericanbusinessmanwas（3）（please）andgavethe"OK"gesturewithhisthumbandindexfingerformingan"o".However，themanagerwasveryworried.（4）（confuse）bytheunusualreactionofthemanager，theAmericanbusinessmanaskedwhy.Themanagersaidthatthe"OK"gesturemeantthattheserviceinhishotelwas"zero"—worthless.（5）（hear）hisexplanation，theAmericanbusinessmanwas（6）（surprise），becausethe"OK"gesturemeans"good"intheUS.五．完成句子（共5小題）7．Weshouldifsomeoneisseriouslyinjured.如果有人受了重傷，我們應(yīng)該馬上打電話叫救護車。8．我的弟弟Tom在起居室里彈鋼琴時，突然聽到有人尖叫。MyyoungerbrotherTomwasplayingthepianoinhislivingroomwhenhesomeone.9．老實說，每天晚飯后散步對你的健康有益。Tobehonest，afterdinnereverydayisbeneficialtoyourhealth.10．依我看，真正重要的不是他說了什么，而是做了什么。Inmyopinion，isnotwhathesays，butwhathedoes.11．（hear）theirteacher'svoice，thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.一聽到老師的聲音，學生們立即停止講話。六．書面表達（共2小題）12．（2017春?龍海市校級期末）假如你叫李華，你和你的家人去筆友David所在的城市新加坡（Singapore）旅游，受到David的熱情款待，回來后你想對他表達自己的感謝之情．請根據(jù)以下要點給David寫一封信．1．感謝他的熱情款待；2．在新加坡玩得很開心；3．新加坡的風景和美食令人印象深刻；4．邀請他來遵義旅游．注意：1．詞數(shù)100詞左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫．DearDavid，Yours，LiHua13．（2024春?沈河區(qū)校級期中）Asasixthgrader，Ibegannoticinghowotherkidswereseparatingintogroups.Iwasn'tsurewhereIbelonged.Ifoundithardtofitin.Ourteacherhadassigned"secretfriends"forthecomingweek.Shewroteeachkid'snameonapieceofpaperandthrewthemintoaglass；thenweeachclosedoureyesanddrewthenameofaclassmatewhoweweretosecretlybefriendandsupportoverthenextfiveschooldays.Bythemiddleoftheweek，everyone，includingme，hadturnedthisassignmentintoacontesttoseewhosesecretfriendcouldleavethebestgift.Weleftcards，pensandevenmoney.Itseemedthateveryonewasgettingcoolpresentsfromtheirfriendsexceptme.Onthelastmorningofourassignment，Iwalkedintomyclassroomandnoticedtherewasapackage.Iopenedthewrappingpaperandinsidewasaboxofpowder.ThegirlssittingnearmelaughedatthegiftIhadreceived.Tomakemattersworse，thepowderhadalreadybeenopened.Itriedtoforgetabouttheembarrassinggift，butwhenIwasinthebathroomduringthebreak，thegirlswhohadseenmeopenthepowderstartedspeakingillofmysecretfriendofgivingittome.Iquicklyjoinedin."Howterrible，"Iheardmyselfsaying，"Whatcouldmyfriendbethinkingbygivingmesuchastupidgift？Mygrandmotherwouldn'tevenwantit."Thegirlslaughedatmyremarksandrushedoutofthebathroom.IstayedtowashmyhandsandletthewaterrunthroughmyfingersasIthoughtaboutwhatIhadjustsaid.Itwasn'tnormallikemetosaymeanthingslikethataboutsomeone.Paragraph1：ThenIsawmyclassmateJanetcomeoutofabathroombooth（廁所隔間），tearsstreamingdownherface.________Paragraph2：Alongwithmyapologies，Iexplainedthereason.___________

2024-2025學年人教新版高二（上）英語寒假作業(yè)（九）參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．There'sasayingthatamixofJacksandJillsmakesatoughjobabreeze（輕而易舉的事）.Thatmightbe（1）Cboysandgirlshaveagoodchanceofbecomingstudy（2）B.ButtheNobelPrizemayhavemadethesayinggofurther﹣a（n）（3）Cmakesatoughjobabreeze.Husband﹣and﹣wifeNorwegianscientistsEdvardMoser，52，andMay﹣BrittMoster，51，alongwithBritish﹣UScitizenJohnO'Keffe，75，receivedlastyear'sNobelPrizeinmedicineonOct6and（4）Dthe﹩1.1million（6.75millionyuan）prizemoney.TheyfoundthatthebrainhasaGPS﹣like（5）Bthatallowspeopletoproduce（6）Dmapsand（7）Aaroundtheworld.Thefindings（8）Athesecretstohowwefigureoutashortcuttowork（9）Bthere'satrafficjam.AndtheymayfurtherhelpcurediseaseslikeAlzheimer's（老年癡呆癥）whose（10）Dlosetheirspatial（11）Candgeteasilylost.（12）A，intelligenceandhardworkare（13）Abehindtheirsuccess，yetmany，includingMay﹣BrittMoser，believespendingtimewithlike﹣mindedpeoplemayhavealsopushedthemtowardthe（14）D."It'simpossibletodo（15）Bonone'sown.Youhavetohavepartnerswhoyoucantrustandsharethesamepassionwithyou."saidMay﹣BrittMoser.Beingfriendsand（16）Aalsoallowsthemtobounceideasbackandforthonthespot.Theyhave"breakfastmeeting"and"nighttalks"everyday，Theytalkaboutbrainswhentheyareshoppingandcooking.They（17）Dturnedafamilydinneratafancyrestaurantthissummerintoa（18）Babouthowtheirownbrainsknowwheretheyare."Wecan（19）Coneanotherinsideandoutsidethelab.That'sgoodbecausethebestideadon't（20）Ccomewhenyou'resittinginthelab."saidEdwardMoser.（1）A．whenB．whereC．whyD．which（2）A．competitorsB．partnersC．participantsD．friends（3）A．familyB．organizationC．coupleD．class（4）A．carriedB．paidC．a(chǎn)wardedD．shared（5）A．partB．functionC．tissueD．character（6）A．realB．physicalC．falseD．mental（7）A．travelB．visitC．searchD．conquer（8）A．unlockB．shapeC．keepD．solve（9）A．whichB．whenC．beforeD．unless（10）A．receiversB．doctorsC．carriersD．victims（11）A．imaginationB．thoughtC．memoryD．a(chǎn)bility（12）A．AdmittedlyB．GenerallyC．StrictlyD．Personally（13）A．largelyB．partlyC．fullyD．lightly（14）A．familyB．marriageC．moneyD．prize（15）A．a(chǎn)nythingB．everythingC．nothingD．something（16）A．familiesB．relativesC．classmatesD．scientists（17）A．maybeB．somewhatC．thereforeD．even（18）A．fightB．discussionC．negotiationD．challenge（19）A．teachB．learnC．inspireD．a(chǎn)rgue（20）A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．occasionallyC．necessarilyD．possibly【答案】（1）﹣（5）CBCDB（6）﹣（10）DAABD（11）﹣（15）CAADB（16）﹣（20）ADBCC【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述10月6日，52歲的挪威科學家愛德華?莫瑟和51歲的梅?布里特?莫斯特夫婦以及75歲的英美公民約翰?奧克菲獲得了去年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎，并分享了675萬英鎊獎金。以及他們背后付出的努力工作?！窘獯稹浚?）C.考查連詞及語境理解。A.when何時；B.where何地；C.why為什么；D.which哪個。根據(jù)上句There'sasayingthatamixofJacksandJillsmakesatoughjobabreeze可知有一種說法是，杰克和吉爾的組合讓艱難的工作變得輕而易舉。說明這可能就是為什么男孩和女孩有很大的機會成為學習伙伴。故答案為C。（2）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.competitors競爭者；B.partners合作者；C.participants參與者；D.friends朋友。根據(jù)后文Youhavetohavepartnerswhoyoucantrustandsharethesamepassionwithyou可知你必須有你可以信任的伙伴，并與你分享同樣的激情。此處是說男孩和女孩有很大的機會成為學習伙伴。故答案為B。（3）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.family家庭；B.organization機構(gòu)；C.couple夫婦；D.class班級。根據(jù)下句Husband﹣and﹣wifeNorwegianscientistsEdvardMoser，52，andMay﹣BrittMoster，51，alongwithBritish﹣UScitizenJohnO'Keffe，75，receivedlastyear'sNobelPrizeinmedicineonOct6andthe﹩1.1million（6.75millionyuan）prizemoney.可知10月6日，52歲的挪威科學家愛德華?莫瑟和51歲的梅?布里特?莫斯特夫婦以及75歲的英美公民約翰?奧克菲獲得了去年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎，并分享了675萬英鎊獎金。說明諾貝爾獎可能讓這句話走得更遠﹣﹣﹣﹣一對夫婦把艱難的工作變得輕而易舉。故答案為C。（4）D.考查動詞及語境理解。A.carried搬運；B.paid支付；C.awarded獎勵；D.shared分享。根據(jù)上句Husband﹣and﹣wifeNorwegianscientistsEdvardMoser，52，andMay﹣BrittMoster，51，alongwithBritish﹣UScitizenJohnO'Keffe，75，receivedlastyear'sNobelPrizeinmedicineonOct6andthe﹩1.1million（6.75millionyuan）prizemoney.可知10月6日，52歲的挪威科學家愛德華?莫瑟和51歲的梅?布里特?莫斯特夫婦以及75歲的英美公民約翰?奧克菲獲得了去年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎，并分享了675萬英鎊獎金。故答案為D。（5）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.part部分；B.function功能；C.tissue組織；D.character性格。根據(jù)下句allowspeopletoproduce（6）mapsandaroundtheworld.可知他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦有一個類似全球定位系統(tǒng)的功能，可以讓人們制作思維導圖并環(huán)游世界。故答案為B。（6）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.real真的；B.physical身體上的；C.false錯誤的；D.mental精神上的。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦有一個類似全球定位系統(tǒng)的功能，可以讓人們制作思維導圖并環(huán)游世界。故答案為D。（7）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.travel旅行；B.visit參觀；C.search搜索；D.conquer征服。根據(jù)上句TheyfoundthatthebrainhasaGPS可知他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦有一個類似全球定位系統(tǒng)的功能。說明人們可以制作思維導圖并環(huán)游世界。故答案為A。（8）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.unlock打開；B.shape塑造；C.keep保持；D.solve解決。根據(jù)下句AndtheymayfurtherhelpcurediseaseslikeAlzheimer's可知它們可能進一步幫助治愈像老年癡呆癥這樣的疾病。說明這些發(fā)現(xiàn)揭開了我們?nèi)绾卧诮煌ǘ氯麜r找到工作捷徑的秘密。故答案為A。（9）B.考查連詞及語境理解。A.which哪個；B.when何時；C.before之前；D.unless除非。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)揭開了我們?nèi)绾卧诮煌ǘ氯麜r找到工作捷徑的秘密。when引導的是時間狀語從句。故答案為B。（10）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.receivers接收者；B.doctors醫(yī)生；C.carriers搬運者；D.victims受害者。根據(jù)上句AndtheymayfurtherhelpcurediseaseslikeAlzheimer's可知它們可能進一步幫助治愈像老年癡呆癥這樣的疾病。說明這些老年癡呆癥受害者失去了他們的空間記憶，很容易迷路。故答案為D。（11）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.imagination想象；B.thought思想；C.memory記憶；D.ability能力。根據(jù)下句geteasilylost可知很容易迷路。說明這些老年癡呆癥受害者失去了他們的空間記憶。故答案為C。（12）A.考查副詞及語境理解。A.Admittedly無可否認地；B.Generally一般來說；C.Strictly秘密地；D.Personally就個人而言。誠然，聰明才智和努力工作在很大程度上是他們成功的原因，但包括邁?布里特?莫澤在內(nèi)的許多人認為，與志同道合的人共度時光可能也促使他們走向了這個獎項。故答案為A。（13）A.考查副詞及語境理解。A.largely很大程度上；B.partly部分地；C.fully滿地；D.lightly輕地。根據(jù)空前intelligenceandhardwork可知誠然，聰明才智和努力工作在很大程度上是他們成功的原因。故答案為A。（14）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.family家庭；B.marriage婚姻；C.money錢；D.prize獎項。根據(jù)前文Husband﹣and﹣wifeNorwegianscientistsEdvardMoser，52，andMay﹣BrittMoster，51，alongwithBritish﹣UScitizenJohnO'Keffe，75，receivedlastyear'sNobelPrizeinmedicineonOct6andthe﹩1.1million（6.75millionyuan）prizemoney.可知10月6日，52歲的挪威科學家愛德華?莫瑟和51歲的梅?布里特?莫斯特夫婦以及75歲的英美公民約翰?奧克菲獲得了去年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學獎，并分享了675萬英鎊獎金。故答案為D。（15）B.考查代詞及語境理解。A.anything任何事；B.everything每件事；C.nothing沒有事情；D.something某件事情。根據(jù)下句Youhavetohavepartnerswhoyoucantrustandsharethesamepassionwithyou可知你必須有你可以信任的伙伴，并與你分享同樣的激情。說明一個人不可能做所有的事情。故答案為B。（16）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.families家庭；B.relatives親戚；C.classmates同學；D.scientists科學家。根據(jù)下句Theyhave"breakfastmeeting"and"nighttalks"everyday可知他們每天都有"早餐會"和"夜談"。說明他們有可能成為家人。故答案為A。（17）D.考查副詞及語境理解。A.maybe或許；B.somewhat有點；C.therefore因此；D.even甚至。他們甚至把今年夏天在一家高級餐廳的家庭晚餐變成了一場關(guān)于他們自己的大腦如何知道他們在哪里的討論。故答案為D。（18）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.fight打架；B.discussion討論；C.negotiation協(xié)商；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)空后abouthowtheirownbrainsknowwheretheyare.可知他們自己的大腦如何知道他們在哪里。說明這是他們討論的話題。故答案為B。（19）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.teach教；B.learn學；C.inspire鼓勵；D.argue爭論。根據(jù)上文Youhavetohavepartnerswhoyoucantrustandsharethesamepassionwithyou可知你必須有你可以信任的伙伴，并與你分享同樣的激情。說明應(yīng)該相互鼓勵。故答案為C。（20）C.考查副詞及語境理解。A.always總是；B.occasionally偶爾；C.necessarily必須地；D.possibly可能地。這很好，因為最好的想法不一定是在你坐在實驗室的時候出現(xiàn)的。故答案為C?！军c評】完形填空題的命題趨勢解題步驟：1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問題。對少數(shù)難題，暫時跳過，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補全的空格，對全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問題。4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。二．閱讀理解（共3小題）2．InChina，the"kingdomofbicycles"，peoplewenteverywherebybicycle.However，nowasaresultofindustrialization，from1995to2005，thenumberofbikesdeclinedby35%inChinesecities，whilecarsandothermotorvehiclesdoubled.Thishasleftairpollutedandroadscrowded.InChina，pollutantlevelshaverisenalongsideurbanpopulationgrowth.Todealwiththisissue，Chinesecitieshaveinvested（投資）increasinglyinpublictransportsystemslikebike﹣sharing.Bike﹣sharingsystemshavegrownextremelyinChinainthepastdecade.ThefirstmajormodelsstartedinEuropeancitiesAmsterdamandCopenhagenin1968and1995andofferedaservicethroughwhichcity﹣goerscouldeasilyborrowbikestotravelaroundthecity.Sincethen，bike﹣sharingsystemshavegrownrapidly.Chinanowhasthebiggestandlargestnumberofbike﹣sharingprograms.OneofthelargestprogramsistheHangzhouPublicBicycleService.Thesystemisstraightforward﹣pickupabikefromanystationandyoucanrideforfreeinthefirsthour.Needanotherhour？Pay1Chineseyuanforasecondhour.Givenitseaseandcheapness，it'snosurprisethatanaverageof310，000peopleusethesystemeveryday.However，theadoptionofbike﹣sharingwasn'teasyatthebeginning.Afterthe2008OlympicGames，Beijingstruggledinmaintainingitsbike﹣sharingprograms，asbike﹣sharingcompaniessufferedheavyfinancial（財政的）lossesduetolittlegovernmentsupportandlittledemand.Shanghaisimilarlystruggledin2014，withcitizenschoosingtotaketaxisortobuytheirownbikes.Thenthingsstartedtolookup.Andnowmorebike﹣sharingprograms，likeMobikeandOfo，aredevelopingquickly.Regardlessofhowbike﹣sharingsystemschangeinChina，it'sevidentthatthey'vemadetheirmarkonChina'stransportsystems，onthewaytomakingthecountryreturntothe"kingdomofbicycles"andhopefullyregaincleanair.（1）Whatcontributedtothebirthofbike﹣sharingprogramsinChina？AA．Risingpollutantlevels.B．Thepopulationgrowth.C．Thetraditionofridingbicycles.D．People'sincreasinginterestincycling.（2）Whatcanwelearnaboutbike﹣sharingfromParagraph2？DA．Itservesasthemostconvenienttransportsystem.B．ItisacommonmeansoftransportinEurope.C．ItenjoyspopularityinmostChinesecities.D．Ithasahistoryofabouthalfacentury.（3）WhatmadeShanghaihavetroublekeepingitsbike﹣sharingprogramsatfirst？AA．Littledemand.B．Toomanytaxis.C．Alackofmoney.D．Nogovernmentsupport.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？DA．Bikes：AnEco﹣friendlyMeansofTransportB．TheBenefitsofBike﹣sharingC．TheKingdomofBicyclesD．Bike﹣sharinginChina【答案】ADAD【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了共享單車在中國的發(fā)展過程?！窘獯稹浚?）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段Todealwiththisissue，Chinesecitieshaveinvested（投資）increasinglyinpublictransportsystemslikebike﹣sharing.為了解決這個問題，中國的城市越來越多地投資于公共交通系統(tǒng)，比如共享單車。而thisissue應(yīng)指第一段所提到的However，nowasaresultofindustrialization...Thishasleftairpollutedandroadscrowded.（然而，現(xiàn)在由于工業(yè)化的結(jié)果，從1995年到2005年，中國城市的自行車數(shù)量下降了35%，而汽車和其他機動車輛翻了一番。這導致了空氣污染和道路擁擠。）所以說是機動車導致的城市環(huán)境污染催生了共享單車。故選A。（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段ThefirstmajormodelsstartedinEuropeancitiesAmsterdamandCopenhagenin1968and1995andofferedaservicethroughwhichcity﹣goerscouldeasilyborrowbikestotravelaroundthecity.（1968年和1995年，歐洲城市阿姆斯特丹和哥本哈根推出了第一批主要車型，提供一項服務(wù)，讓市民可以很容