2021高考英語(yǔ)信息匹配類(lèi)、閱讀類(lèi)選練及答案4

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。IsaacSternwasmorethanagreatviolinplayer.Hewasoneofthemosthonoredmusiciansintheworld.Hewasaninternationalculturalambassador.HewasamajorsupporteroftheartsinAmericaandinothercountries.Hewasateacherandactivist.IsaacSternwasbornin1920inwhatisnowUkraine.HisparentsmovedtoSanFrancisco，Californiathefollowingyear.HismotherbeganteachingIsaacthepianowhenhewassix.Hebegantakingviolinlessonsafterhearingafriendplaytheinstrument.Later，hebeganstudyingmusicattheSanFranciscoConservatory(音樂(lè)學(xué)院)．Heprogressedquickly.Whenhewas16，heplayedwiththeSanFranciscoSymphonyOrchestra.Thenextyear，heperformedinNewYorkCityandwaspraisedbymusiccritics.DuringWorldWarII，Mr.SternplayedforthousandsofAmericansoldiers.Itwasthefirsttimemanyofthemhadheardclassicalmusic.Afterthewar，hewasthefirstAmericanviolinisttoperforminaconcertintheSovietunion.HealsosupportedyoungmusiciansandculturalorganizationsinIsrael.In1979，IsaacSternvisitedChina.HemetwithChinesemusiciansandstudents.HetaughtthemaboutclassicalWesternmusic.Hisvisitwasmadeintoafilm，whichiscalledFromMaotoMozart：IsaacSterninChina.ItwonanAcademyAwardforbestdocumentaryfilm.In1984，IsaacSternreceivedtheKennedyCenterHonorsAwardforhisgiftstoAmericanculturethroughmusic.Heexpressedhisthoughtsaboutthepartthatmusicplaysinlife.Hesaidhebelievedthatmusicmakeslifebetterforeveryone，especiallychildren.Mr.Sternsupportedandguidedyoungerclassicalmusicians.TheyincludeviolinistsItzhakPerlmanandPinchasZukerman，cellistYo-YoMa，andpianistYefimBronfman.IsaacSterndiedin2001attheageof81.Hewasamajorinfluenceonmusicinthe20thcentury.Heleavestheworldricherwithhismanyrecordings.【文章大意】本文具體介紹了小提琴家艾薩克·施特恩的生平以及他在音樂(lè)方面和國(guó)際文化方面的貢獻(xiàn)。1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutIsaacStern?A．HewasborninCaliforniainthe1920s.B．Hehadvisitedmanycountriestoadvertisehisrecordings.C．Heplayedlessthanonehundredconcertsinall.D．Hisexcellentmusiclifelastedover60years.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)上下文可知，他從16歲的時(shí)候就開(kāi)頭表演，81歲的時(shí)候去世，所以他的音樂(lè)人生經(jīng)受了60多年，所以D項(xiàng)是正確的。2．Theunderlinedword“cellist”inParagraph6mayreferto________.A．someonewhosupportsyoungmusiciansB．someonewhowantstobeamusicianC．someonewhohasagiftformusicD．someonewhoplaysacertainkindofinstrument答案：D詞義猜想題。依據(jù)前文的violinists“小提琴家”和下文的pianist“鋼琴家”可以猜想是演奏某種樂(lè)器的人。3．Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat________.A．IsaacSterninfluencedthecultureinthe20thcenturyalotB．IsaacSternwasoneofthemostactivemusiciansofhisdayC．IsaacSternwassobusythathecouldn'tsparetimetoeducatetheyouthD．IsaacSternledarichlifeinhislaterlife答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章中他的音樂(lè)經(jīng)受可以推知他是他所在的年月里最活躍的音樂(lè)家之一，因此B項(xiàng)符合文意。4．Whatwillbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．IsaacSternandtheAwardsHeGotB．IsaacStern'sLifeofPursuingMusicC．IsaacStern：OneoftheMostHonoredMusiciansD．IsaacStern'sVisittoChina答案：C主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段其次句Hewasoneofthemosthonoredmusiciansintheworld.(即主題句)以及全文所述可知C項(xiàng)最適合當(dāng)標(biāo)題。A、B、D三項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的都是片面的。閱讀理解。I'vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍縱即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupassyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomefromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou'vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.11.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4,Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans________.A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcriticalB.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportantC.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachotherD.onecannotusethematthesametime12.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis________.A.puttingtheirideasinrawformB.attemptingtoeditastheywriteC.ignoringgrammaticalsoundnessD.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts13.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststageofwriting?A.Toorganizeone'sthoughtslogically.B.Tochooseanappropriatetopic.C.Togetone'sideasdown.D.Tocollectrawmaterials.14.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat________.A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemindB.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwardsC.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticismD.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Itintroducestheauthor’swritingmethod.B.Ittellsussomethingaboutthecreativemind.C.Ithighlightstheimportanceofcriticalmind.D.Itshowsthedifficultiestowriteonthefly.【參考答案】11—15、DBCBA閱讀理解。Therecordriseinworldfoodpriceslastmonthisnotonlyastarttoapossible"foodpriceshock"inthecomingmonths,butalsoanobviouswarningthattheinternationalcommunitycannotaffordtoignore.Thefearfulconsequencesoflong-termclimatechangearemoreclosingnowanddividedresponsetotheglobalfinancialcrisiscouldmakethemworse.Earlythisweek,theUnitedNations'FoodandAgriculturalOrganizationannouncedthatitsbenchmarkfoodpriceindexhadjumpedto214.7pointsinDecember,abovethepreviouspeakof213.5,whichwassetinJune2008andcausedfoodriots(暴亂)insomepoorcountries.Withtheworldeconomyshowinglittlesignofemergingoutofthemessanytimesoon,therecordincreaseinfoodpricesiscertainlyshocking.The2008foodcrisiswasa"silenttsunami"fortheworld'spoor.So,whatwillhappeniffoodpricesremainhighoverthenextseveralmonths?Theobviousansweris:Thenumberofhungrypeopleacrosstheworld,about1billionaccordingtoUNestimates,willalmostcertainlyincrease.Hence,theinternationalcommunityshouldpreparetosolveafoodcrisissimilartothatin2008.Forthemoment,thatmeanspolicymakersacrosstheglobeshouldmakejointeffortstopreventpanicoverfoodpricesbothathomeandintheglobalmarket.Buttopreventsuchfoodcrisesfromhappeningagain,theinternationalcommunitymustfirstrecognizethatourfutureislikelytobeaffectedbyextremeweathermoreseriouslythanfearedearlierifwecontinuetodragourfeetinthefightagainstclimatechange.Theloomingfoodcrisiscallsforastrongersenseofurgencythanwhatnegotiators,especiallythosefromdevelopedcountries,haveshownatUNclimatechangeconferencesinrecentyears.Besides,soaringworldfoodpricesalsohighlightthethreatofsuper-loosemonetarypoliciesthatsomerichcountrieshaveadoptedtoletrapidinflationerode（腐蝕）therealvalueoftheirdebtburden.Excessiveliquidityfromdevelopedcountrieshaspushedupcommoditypricesintheworldmarketandcreatedconsiderableinflationary(通貨膨脹)pressureondevelopingcountries.Thisisunfairtodevelopingcountries,whicharerelativelypoorandsufferalotmorefromfood-ledinflation.Astheworld'smostpopulouscountry,Chinacandrawsomecomfortfromitsbumperharvestlastyear,whichwasalsoitsseventhcontinuousrichharvest.Thecountry'ssuccessinfeedingone-fifthoftheworld'spopulationwithlessthan10percentofglobalfarminglandshowsthatitsgreateffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionhavepaidrichinterest.ButChinesepolicymakerscannotassumethatsuchfavorableconditionswillcontinue.Rapidurbanizationandpopulationchangesinthecountrywillmakeitincreasinglydifficulttofurtherraisegrainoutput.Therefore,Chinashouldtaketherecordriseinworldfoodpricesasacalltodoubleitseffortstoimprovefarmproductivity.16.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.UrgentConcernabouttheRiseoftheWorldFoodPricesB.TheClimateChangesAretoBlameC.GlobalFarmingD.UrgentConcernaboutthePoorCountries.17.Whatwillhappeniffoodpricesremainhighoverthenextseveralmonths?A.Thenumberofhungrypeopleallovertheworldwillalmostcertainlyincrease.B.Manypeoplewilldieeasilyforlackoffood.C.Peoplewillfightwitheachotherandcauseriotsacrosstheworld.D.Excessiveliquidityfromdevelopedcountrieswillcreateconsiderableinflation.18.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Therapidinflationerodedtherealvalueofsomerichcountries’debtburdenbythesuper-loosemonetarypolicies.B.Peopleallovertheworldshouldworktogethertopreventthefoodcrisis.C.Thefoodpriceindexhadjumpedtothepeakin2008.D.Thedevelopingcountriessufferedalotmorefromfood-ledinflation.19.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“dragourfeet”?A.quickenourpaceB.slowourpaceC.pullourfeet.D.walkquickly20.TheChinesepolicymakersdoubtwhetherthegrainoutputwillcontinuetoincreasebecause_________.A.thefarmswillnotworkharderthanbeforeB.thepopulationinChinawillbesmallerandsmallerC.morehouseswillbebuiltonthefarmlandinthefutureD.theterribleweatherwillaffecttheagricultureproduction【參考答案】16—20、AACBC任務(wù)型讀寫(xiě)Autumnisatimewhennaturepreparestotestanditisjustthesamewithmanypeople.Withlessenergyorstrengththeyhavenodesiretomeetwithfriendsafterwork，preferringtositstillinfrontofthetelevisionbeforegoingtobedearly.Andthenextmorningtheyfindithardtogetup，too.Formostpeople，thisperiodoftimepasseswithoutanymajoreffects，butasmallminoritysufferfromcompletewinterdepression(壓抑)．Apartfromtirednessandwithoutenergy，thelatteroftenhasthefollowingsymptoms(癥狀)．Theyhaveanincreasedneedforsleepandalsoforsweetfoodlikechocolate.Normally，depressionisalongwithdifficultyinfallingasleepandlossofappetite(胃口)．Truewinterdepressionexistswhenthesymptomsoccurrepeatedlyinautumnandwinter.Moreover，theyhavetolastatleasttwoweeks.Symptomsofwinterdepressionbeginfornorthernhemisphere(北半球)countriesinOctober，NovemberorDecember，andreduceinJanuary.Thesymptomsdecreasewhenthedaysgrowlongeragain.Lackoflightduringthecoldmonthsisthecauseofpeople’sdepression.Toreducethebadeffectofthewinterdepression，sufferersshouldspendasmuchtimeoutdoorsaspossible.Exerciseisalsoatestedcurefordepression.Aregularsleepwakecyclecanhelptoo，andsufferersshouldsticktoitevenatweekends.Bygettingupearly，theycanreceivemoredaylightregardlessoftheweather.TitleLightupyourlifeMainideaPeoplewho36.________fromwinterdepressioncanlightuptheirlife.37.________·Feeltired.·Lack38.________.·Needmoresleepandsweetfood.·Findit39.________togotosleep.·Haveno40.________tohavemeals.Occurrence·Winterdepressionexistswiththesymptomsoccurringoverandoveragaininautumnandwinter，and41.________twoweeksorlonger.·WinterdepressionstartsfornorthernhemispherecountriesinOctober，NovemberorDecemberand42.________inJanuary.Cause·43.________tolackoflightincoldweatherSolutions·Spendasmuchtimeoutdoorsas44.________.·Takeexercise.·Gotobedandgetup45.________everyday.36.suffer[其次段第一句是關(guān)鍵句。]37．Symptoms[其次段末有該詞，第三段對(duì)該詞進(jìn)行了解釋。]38．energy[其次段其次句里的energy是關(guān)鍵詞。]39．hard/difficult[第三段其次句里的difficulty是解題關(guān)鍵。]40．desire/appetite[第三段末句里的appetite是解題線(xiàn)索。]41．lasts[第四段其次句是解題線(xiàn)索。]42．decreases/reduces[第四段倒數(shù)其次句是解題線(xiàn)索。]43．Due[第五段里的thecauseof是解題線(xiàn)索。]44．possible[末段首句里的“asmuchtimeoutdoorsaspossible”是解題線(xiàn)索。]45．regularly[末段第三句是解題線(xiàn)索。]【上海市黃浦區(qū)2022模擬】任務(wù)型閱讀Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.TravelersarrivingatHeathrowairportthisyearhavebeenmetbythesmelloffreshly-cutgrass,pumpedfromacornerthroughan“aromabox”,amachinewhichblowswarm,sweet-smellingairintotheenvironment. Heathrow’smoveinto“sensory”marketingisthelatestinalonglineofattemptsbybusinessestousesensorypsychology—thescientificstudyoftheeffectsofthesensesonourbehaviortohelpsellproducts.Marketingpeoplecallthis“atmosphere”—usingsmellstoinfluenceconsumerbehavior.OnValentine’sDaytwoyearsago,thechainofchemist’sSuperdogscentedoneofitsLondonshopswithchocolate.“Chocolateisassociatedwithlove,”saidamarketingspokeswoman,“Wethoughtitwouldgetpeopleinthemoodforromance.”Shedidnotreveal,though,whetherthesmellactuallymadepeoplespendmoremoney.