海南省傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布及影響因素研究

海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布及影響因素研究目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u1引言 12研究區(qū)與研究方法 22.1研究區(qū) 22.2研究方法 22.2.1文獻分析法 22.2.2數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法 22.2.3核密度分析方法 23結果與分析 33.1海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布特征 33.1.1數(shù)量變化 33.1.2空間特征 33.1.3類型劃分 43.2海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布的影響因素 73.2.1自然因素 73.2.2經(jīng)濟因素 83.2.3旅游因素 93.2.4政策因素 103.2.5人口因素 114結論與建議 124.1結論 124.2建議 12參考文獻 145292致謝 16

摘要：傳統(tǒng)村落是指在歷史上形成并保留了較為完整的傳統(tǒng)建筑風貌、民俗風情和社會文化特征的鄉(xiāng)村聚落，研究傳統(tǒng)村落的空間分布特征和影響因素對于傳統(tǒng)村落保護利用與可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的意義。本文以海南島為例，采用數(shù)據(jù)文獻資料及核密度分析等方法，探究海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布特征、劃分傳統(tǒng)村落類型，分析自然環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、政策法規(guī)和人口變遷等對海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布的影響，針對性提出對策建議，為海南島傳統(tǒng)村落保護與合理開發(fā)利用提供實踐參考。關鍵詞:傳統(tǒng)村落；空間分布；影響因素；保護利用1引言傳統(tǒng)村落是擁有物質(zhì)和非物質(zhì)形態(tài)文化遺產(chǎn)且具有較高歷史、文化、科學、經(jīng)濟、生態(tài)價值的村落ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"N2kNVN1p","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[1]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[1]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1812,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/3DYVXU5E"],"itemData":{"id":1812,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"鄉(xiāng)村振興過程中，全面系統(tǒng)地認知傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值，對其進行客觀有效地評估，具有重要的社會現(xiàn)實意義。面對類型多樣且動態(tài)演化的傳統(tǒng)村落，傳統(tǒng)標準化的評價體系已難以適應不斷變化的發(fā)展現(xiàn)實，因此構建一個更具彈性的評估模型是目前亟待解決的一個關鍵技術問題。論文從功能空間、景觀意象和人文精神3個邏輯層面重新認知活態(tài)化價值的構成、關聯(lián)及特征，據(jù)此構建出包括資源價值、要素延續(xù)、活化條件、功能適應、活化影響、發(fā)展?jié)撃艿亩嗑S評估框架，形成由3種類型和50項指標所構成的彈性評估模型，并以陜北地區(qū)54個國家級傳統(tǒng)村落為案例進行模型驗證。結果表明：(1)傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值具有多元性、交融性、動態(tài)性、脆弱性和適應性5個顯著特征；(2)維度分析，運用多維彈性評估模型對傳統(tǒng)村落展開評價，評價結果基本符合陜北地區(qū)的現(xiàn)實情況，且在不同評價維度上呈現(xiàn)出明顯的結果差異，突顯了不同類型傳統(tǒng)村落的自身價值特征；(3)綜合分析，陜北地區(qū)54個國家級傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值水平分值處于42.42～83.60區(qū)間內(nèi)，平均為62.55分，活態(tài)化價值較高及以上的傳統(tǒng)村落占比為39%左右，活態(tài)化價值一般及以下的傳統(tǒng)村落占比61%左右，由此可見，陜北地區(qū)仍存在很多傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值發(fā)展水平不足的問題。傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值多維彈性評估模型兼具普適性和典型性的特點，適用于類型多樣的傳統(tǒng)村落，適應現(xiàn)階段鄉(xiāng)村振興和遺產(chǎn)保護的現(xiàn)實需求。研究通過探索從單維靜態(tài)評價向多維動態(tài)評估的技術提升，可進一步豐富和推動傳統(tǒng)村落價值評估的理論研究和社會實踐。","container-title":"地理科學進展","ISSN":"1007-6301","issue":"4","language":"中文;","note":"2citations(CNKI)[2023-9-18]<北大核心,CSSCI,CSCD,AMI>","page":"701-715","source":"CNKI","title":"傳統(tǒng)村落活態(tài)化價值認知與多維彈性評估模型研究——基于陜北地區(qū)案例實證","volume":"42","author":[{"family":"魏","given":"峰群"},{"family":"馬","given":"文碩"},{"family":"楊","given":"蕾潔"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2023"]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[1-2]和應予以重視與保護的獨特鄉(xiāng)村地域單元ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"cnAY9Dvv","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[3,2]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[3,2]","dontUpdate":true,"noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1806,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/SIH4K5X2"],"itemData":{"id":1806,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"傳統(tǒng)村落是特殊的鄉(xiāng)村地域單元，更是實現(xiàn)共同富裕目標的薄弱之地，如何促進傳統(tǒng)村落實現(xiàn)共同富裕成為當前亟需解決的科學問題。運用參與式觀察、深度訪談及文本分析等研究方法，借鑒催化反應動力學原理與城市催化劑理論，結合旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落發(fā)展現(xiàn)實背景，構建了旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落共同富裕催化機制，并以湖南省板梁村為例，探究了旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落共同富裕發(fā)展路徑。研究顯示：（1）將旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落人居環(huán)境系統(tǒng)視為催化載體，構建了旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落“要素注入—載體吸附—效能釋放”共同富裕催化機制。（2）載體通過吸附活性要素形成催化劑并釋放環(huán)境清潔衛(wèi)生與生態(tài)旅游持續(xù)、空間規(guī)劃綜合布局與空間聯(lián)動多功能化、傳統(tǒng)文化創(chuàng)造性轉化與創(chuàng)新性發(fā)展、關系網(wǎng)絡織補與利益權力協(xié)調(diào)等催化效能，促進板梁村達成生態(tài)持續(xù)、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、文化傳承、社會和諧與制度完善五維度目標，從而逐步實現(xiàn)共同富裕。研究充實了共同富裕的基本邏輯與發(fā)展路徑，試圖為中國實現(xiàn)全體人民共同富裕戰(zhàn)略目標提供參考，具有一定的理論和實踐意義。","container-title":"自然資源學報","ISSN":"1000-3037","issue":"2","language":"中文;","note":"2citations(CNKI)[2023-9-18]<北大核心,CSSCI,CSCD,AMI>","page":"357-374","source":"CNKI","title":"催化視角下旅游驅動型傳統(tǒng)村落共同富裕的機制與路徑研究——以湖南省板梁村為例","volume":"38","author":[{"family":"楊","given":"馥端"},{"family":"竇","given":"銀娣"},{"family":"易","given":"韻"},{"family":"劉","given":"興月"},{"family":"李","given":"伯華"},{"family":"劉","given":"沛林"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2023"]]}},"label":"page"},{"id":1818,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/NZ38JEEN"],"itemData":{"id":1818,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"鄉(xiāng)村振興的關鍵是產(chǎn)業(yè)振興。在綠色、低碳、可持續(xù)發(fā)展要求下發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)村旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)是鄉(xiāng)村振興的重要路徑。實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村旅游高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，需要遵從制度、現(xiàn)實和實踐三重邏輯，其總體邏輯是要實現(xiàn)綠色低碳的生態(tài)基底、創(chuàng)新驅動的智慧轉型、精神傳承的文化賦能、融合發(fā)展的產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化，其發(fā)展瓶頸是產(chǎn)業(yè)要素難以向鄉(xiāng)村流動和聚集，其取勝之道在于必須從產(chǎn)業(yè)要素集聚、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展特色、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、資源有效利用、綠色發(fā)展、科技賦能、制度創(chuàng)新、人才培養(yǎng)、地方綜合主體重構等方面著手，進行當代鄉(xiāng)村地域主體再認識和鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展地方綜合主體內(nèi)涵再建構，實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村旅游發(fā)展要素的新組合，打造富有地方感、獨特性和生命力的鄉(xiāng)村旅游產(chǎn)品，推進鄉(xiāng)村旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。","container-title":"旅游導刊","ISSN":"2096-3238","issue":"3","language":"中文;","page":"1-22","source":"CNKI","title":"鄉(xiāng)村振興視域下鄉(xiāng)村旅游高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的理論邏輯與戰(zhàn)略路徑","volume":"7","author":[{"family":"劉","given":"沛林"},{"family":"葉","given":"芳羽"},{"family":"劉","given":"瑞瑞"},{"family":"李","given":"伯華"},{"family":"李","given":"倩"},{"family":"陸","given":"林"},{"family":"鄒","given":"小丹"},{"family":"郭","given":"文"},{"family":"蔡","given":"曉梅"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2023"]]}},"label":"page"}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[3-4]。傳統(tǒng)村落具有現(xiàn)存?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)建筑風貌完整、村落選址和格局保持傳統(tǒng)特色、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)活態(tài)傳承等豐富的文化內(nèi)涵和深厚的文化底蘊ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"cFObueOR","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[5]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[5]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1835,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/9AL3RGN7"],"itemData":{"id":1835,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"保護發(fā)展傳統(tǒng)村落是新時期我國的一項重要舉措。落實這一舉措的基本前提,是對傳統(tǒng)村落的概念和文化內(nèi)涵的清晰認識和正確把握。深入解析了傳統(tǒng)村落的特質(zhì),對其概念界定、文化內(nèi)涵、構成要素、與其他村落異同、特殊空間結構與空間形態(tài)、固有屬性特征等,做了詳細分析和闡述,以期在實踐中確定科學合理的思路,采取針對性保護方法和保護措施,實現(xiàn)傳承農(nóng)耕文明和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展并舉兼得。","container-title":"城市發(fā)展研究","ISSN":"1006-3862","issue":"1","language":"中文;","note":"908citations(CNKI)[2023-9-21]<北大核心,CSSCI>","page":"10-13","source":"CNKI","title":"傳統(tǒng)村落的概念和文化內(nèi)涵","volume":"21","author":[{"family":"胡","given":"燕"},{"family":"陳","given":"晟"},{"family":"曹","given":"瑋"},{"family":"曹","given":"昌智"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2014"]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[5-6]。傳統(tǒng)村落以其明顯的文化地方特色而備受關注，具有重要的科學研究價值、歷史文化價值、社會經(jīng)濟價值和科學藝術價值。但是，在政策和市場的雙重驅動下，傳統(tǒng)村落發(fā)展過程中缺乏科學引導，“重開發(fā)、輕保護”引發(fā)的“建設性破壞”和“破壞性建設”抹殺了文化的歷史價值，帶來趨同化、破碎化、邊緣化、商業(yè)化等一系列問題，加速了傳統(tǒng)文化景觀的消亡和地域特色的弱化ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"xxWsh6O3","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[23]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[23]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1885,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/YW932L3T"],"itemData":{"id":1885,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村地域文化景觀既是歷代勞動人民的智慧結晶,也是傳承地域文化的物質(zhì)載體,具有重要的歷史、文化和科研價值。隨著對景觀文化遺產(chǎn)保護由局部點狀斑塊向區(qū)域性文脈整體保護認識的轉變,相關研究日益受到國內(nèi)外更多學者的關注。本文從傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村地域文化景觀概念與內(nèi)涵闡釋入手,對近20年來國內(nèi)外相關研究進展進行了總結,認為目前的研究主要集中在鄉(xiāng)村地域文化景觀的特征、景觀的變化、景觀的保護三大方面,其中,在現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟的沖擊下鄉(xiāng)村地域文化景觀的變化及相應的保護調(diào)控措施是學者們研究的重點;學者們運用歷史學、地理學、建筑學、景觀生態(tài)學理論與方法,形成了多學科參與研究的良好局面,但是在研究的內(nèi)容和深度方面還有待于進一步深入。","container-title":"地理科學進展","ISSN":"1007-6301","issue":"6","language":"中文;","note":"314citations(CNKI)[2023-9-23]<北大核心>","page":"90-96","source":"CNKI","title":"傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村地域文化景觀研究進展","author":[{"family":"孫","given":"藝惠"},{"family":"陳","given":"田"},{"family":"王","given":"云才"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2008"]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[7-8]。因此，傳統(tǒng)村落保護既要解決鄉(xiāng)村共性的“鄉(xiāng)村病”，又要解決村莊特色消失、傳統(tǒng)文化邊緣化、“原真性保護”與“現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展”沖突等難題。為保護和傳承歷史文化遺產(chǎn)、延續(xù)民族獨特文化傳統(tǒng)、保持農(nóng)村特色和提升農(nóng)村魅力，住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設部聯(lián)合文化部、財政部出臺了《關于加強傳統(tǒng)村落保護發(fā)展工作的指導意見》ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"H5vYJcCX","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[17]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[17]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1849,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/XQNAFZ3J"],"itemData":{"id":1849,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展是鄉(xiāng)村地域系統(tǒng)循環(huán)累積與動態(tài)演化的結果,全面梳理鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展歷史脈絡與地域分異格局,對于科學推動新時代鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略落實具有重要意義?；谌说仃P系地域系統(tǒng)理論和人地系統(tǒng)科學認知,本文解析了1978—2050年中國鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展演化進程,探討了鄉(xiāng)村轉型發(fā)展與鄉(xiāng)村振興的內(nèi)在邏輯,揭示了中國縣域鄉(xiāng)村振興水平的空間格局,進而提出了新時代鄉(xiāng)村振興的關鍵問題及其路徑對策。研究表明:(1)中國1978—2050年的鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展可劃分為解決溫飽、小康建設和實現(xiàn)富裕三個主要階段,是一個由低水平、基礎型向高質(zhì)量、創(chuàng)新型不斷發(fā)展的過程;(2)鄉(xiāng)村振興本質(zhì)上是鄉(xiāng)村轉型發(fā)展的一個特殊階段,是鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展演化到一定階段后,為解決其面臨的突出問題以向更高層次邁進的戰(zhàn)略選擇;(3)2017年中國57.3%的縣域鄉(xiāng)村振興綜合水平介于0.40～0.50之間,在空間上呈現(xiàn)出明顯的東中西地域分異,并具有顯著的聚集特征和正相關性;(4)新時代鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的落實重在科學識別鄉(xiāng)村振興的瞄準區(qū)域,綜合研判鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展演化的趨勢,系統(tǒng)診斷鄉(xiāng)村地域類型的主導制約因素,全面認知城鄉(xiāng)耦合互動的邏輯關系,進而采取針對性措施推進農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化。","container-title":"地理學報","ISSN":"0375-5444","issue":"6","language":"中文;","note":"139citations(CNKI)[2023-9-22]<北大核心,CSSCI,EI,CSCD,AMI>","page":"1408-1421","source":"CNKI","title":"中國鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展進程與鄉(xiāng)村振興路徑","volume":"76","author":[{"family":"郭","given":"遠智"},{"family":"劉","given":"彥隨"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021"]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[1]，并于2012年啟動“中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄”認定工作，至2023年共認定六批8155個具有重要保護價值的村落，有效推進了中國傳統(tǒng)村落保護利用，激發(fā)了農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟活力。黨的“二十大”報告提出全力推進“建設宜居宜業(yè)和美鄉(xiāng)村”的戰(zhàn)略部署，突出強調(diào)了物質(zhì)文明和精神文明的全面提升。因此，在宜居宜業(yè)和美鄉(xiāng)村建設過程中，如何立足鄉(xiāng)土特征和地域特色，保持自身歷史縱深感和時代痕跡的年輪，提升與彰顯鄉(xiāng)村風貌特征，是傳統(tǒng)村落保護開發(fā)需要關注的重點議題。傳統(tǒng)村落是學界研究的熱點問題和鄉(xiāng)村地理學研究的領域。歐美發(fā)達國家在城鎮(zhèn)化和工業(yè)化推進進程中，傳統(tǒng)村落較早顯現(xiàn)衰退的問題ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"vqflQlwm","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[27]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[27]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":1587,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/NXCFAJN6"],"itemData":{"id":1587,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"作為鄉(xiāng)村社會的寶貴財富,傳統(tǒng)村落是歷史的結晶和文化的載體,不僅承載著當?shù)厝说募w記憶,同時也是推動鄉(xiāng)村振興的關鍵所在。對傳統(tǒng)村落進行保護與利用,就是對物質(zhì)與非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)進行保護及其活化和傳承;其根本目的是保障傳統(tǒng)村落可持續(xù)發(fā)展,推動傳統(tǒng)村落的再生長和自生長。目前國內(nèi)對于傳統(tǒng)村落的研究主要集中在概念內(nèi)涵、保護與可持續(xù)發(fā)展、保護與利用的發(fā)展路徑、保護效果評估、保護面臨的困境與問題等方面。但是已有結果和經(jīng)驗具有一定的局限性,不適用于所有傳統(tǒng)村落。因此,了解傳統(tǒng)村落保護和利用的研究現(xiàn)狀及國外經(jīng)驗,結合實際情況,提出適合自己的保護與利用方法路徑,將是今后進行傳統(tǒng)村落保護與利用的主要任務。","container-title":"貴州民族研究","DOI":"10.13965/ki.gzmzyj10026959.2019.12.011","ISSN":"1002-6959","issue":"12","language":"中文;","note":"37citations(CNKI)[2023-5-18]<北大核心,CSSCI,AMI>","page":"66-73","source":"CNKI","title":"傳統(tǒng)村落保護與利用研究進展及展望","volume":"40","author":[{"family":"崔","given":"海洋"},{"family":"茍","given":"志宏"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2019"]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[9]?；趥鹘y(tǒng)村落保護和可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念，相關研究從社會學、旅游學視角，重視傳統(tǒng)村落文化遺產(chǎn)保護和空間生產(chǎn)過程ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[10-11]。部分歷史悠久的發(fā)展中國家以利用村落特色創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟價值、提高社會福祉和加強鄉(xiāng)村治理為目標ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"X3QdC3vq","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[32]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[32]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2015,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/3Z7XD7EQ"],"itemData":{"id":2015,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Thestrategicplanningofruraldevelopmentisfocusedonbotheconomicgrowthandsustainabledevelopment.Sustainableruraldevelopmentisessentialforconservingandimprovingresources,whileeconomicgrowthcontributestoabetterstandardofliving.Theaimoftheresearchistodetermine,usingtheparticipatoryruralappraisal(PRA)methodologyontheexampleofthevillageofZlakusa,theeconomicactivitiesdevelopedinthevillage,theimportanceofruraltourism,andthescopeofsustainabledevelopmenttakenintoaccountinruraldevelopment.Theresultsoftheresearchshowthatthesuccessoftheruralcommunitydependson:diversi?cationofeconomicactivities,whichisaccompaniedbycohesionofthepopulationthroughassociationandorganization;organizedactivitiesaimedatlocalorrepublicanauthorities;activationofhumanandsocialcapital;andinitiatingactivitiesinvolvingmarginalizedgroups.Educatingthepopulationoutsideformaleducationimprovesthesustainableandeconomicdevelopmentofthevillageandenablesruraltourismtobecomeanimportantpartofeconomicactivitiesandachannelforthecommercializationofnaturalandculturalcontents.","container-title":"Sustainability","DOI":"10.3390/su13126747","ISSN":"2071-1050","issue":"12","journalAbbreviation":"Sustainability","language":"en","page":"6747","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"TheRoleofRuralTourisminStrengtheningtheSustainabilityofRuralAreas:TheCaseofZlakusaVillage","title-short":"TheRoleofRuralTourisminStrengtheningtheSustainabilityofRuralAreas","volume":"13","author":[{"family":"?ur?i?","given":"Nevena"},{"family":"Mirkovi?Svitlica","given":"Andrijana"},{"family":"Brankov","given":"Jovana"},{"family":"Bjeljac","given":"?eljko"},{"family":"Pavlovi?","given":"Sanja"},{"family":"Jand?ikovi?","given":"Bojana"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",6,15]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[12-14]，聚焦傳統(tǒng)村落產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和活化利用問題開展了研究ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[15-16]。本文選取海南島76個入選《中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄》的具有地域特色的傳統(tǒng)村落作為研究對象，基于文獻查閱和實地調(diào)研，采用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計、核密度分析和GIS技術方法，分析海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間布局格局特征，探討自然條件、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、國家政策、人口遷移等因素對海南島傳統(tǒng)村落選址、數(shù)量特征、整體形態(tài)布局、等方面的影響，旨在為海南島傳統(tǒng)村落保護、利用和可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供實踐參考。2研究區(qū)與研究方法2.1研究區(qū)海南島位于中國南海岸線附近，是一個風景秀麗的熱帶島嶼。海南島擁有豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)和傳統(tǒng)文化，如黎族、苗族、壯族等少數(shù)民族的民俗文化，以及海南省獨特的海洋文化。作為一個具有悠久歷史和豐富文化傳統(tǒng)的地區(qū)，海南島擁有許多傳統(tǒng)村落，這些村落承載著當?shù)厝嗣竦纳罘绞?、文化傳統(tǒng)和歷史記憶。近年來，由于旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展和外來人口的流入，海南島的人口結構也發(fā)生了一定變化。作為中國的熱門旅游目的地之一，海南島的旅游業(yè)是其主要經(jīng)濟支柱，此外，海南島還以農(nóng)業(yè)、漁業(yè)和服務業(yè)為主要產(chǎn)業(yè)，并且通過建設海南自由貿(mào)易港等舉措，積極發(fā)展了國際旅游島和現(xiàn)代服務業(yè)，推動了當?shù)亟?jīng)濟的多元化發(fā)展。2.2研究方法2.2.1文獻分析法文獻分析法是指通過對收集到的某方面的文獻資料進行研究，以探明研究對象的性質(zhì)和狀況，并從中引出自己觀點的分析方法。在本文中主要運用這種方法收集并梳理海南古村落形成的影響因素，參考研究其他地區(qū)對當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)村落空間分布和數(shù)量特征的分析方法。2.2.2數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法收集海南島入選中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄的六批傳統(tǒng)村落的相關數(shù)據(jù)，包括建筑風貌、人口變化、經(jīng)濟狀況、文化活動等方面的信息。這些數(shù)據(jù)來自于政府部門、學術機構以及相關的文獻資料。利用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計方法對這些數(shù)據(jù)進行整理、分析和挖掘，分析傳統(tǒng)村落的發(fā)展趨勢，通過比較不同時間段的數(shù)據(jù)變化，找出其中的規(guī)律性和趨勢性。運用GIS圖來探究傳統(tǒng)村落變化與其他因素之間的關系，如經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、人口流動等。為深入理解傳統(tǒng)村落的發(fā)展狀況，為保護傳統(tǒng)村落、繼承文化遺產(chǎn)提供科學支撐。2.2.3核密度分析方法核密度分析方法是一種常用的空間分析方法，用于評估地理空間中某一現(xiàn)象的分布密度，并揭示其空間分布特征。它的原理是基于點狀要素在空間上的分布情況，通過在地圖上繪制這些點的密度分布，以此來識別空間上的密集區(qū)域ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[17]。本文運用核密度分析方法分析海南島76個傳統(tǒng)村落整體的空間分布特征和氣候等因素。3結果與分析3.1海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布特征3.1.1數(shù)量變化海南島六批列入中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄的村落一共有76個，其中第一批7個，第二批0個，第三批12個，第四批28個，第五批17個，第六批12個。利用GIS技術方法繪制成圖（圖1），從圖1中可以看出，海南的古村落數(shù)量眾多，分布較為集中，主要分布在海口、三亞、儋州、瓊海、萬寧等地。從數(shù)量變化上來看，海南島最早的三批入選中國傳統(tǒng)村落名錄的古村落多分布于澄邁縣，第四批多分布于?？谑?、定安縣，第五批主要分布于文昌市、瓊海市，第六批主要分布于文昌市。從這76個入選的傳統(tǒng)村落的數(shù)量來看，分布數(shù)量比較多的在澄邁縣、?？谑小⒍ò部h、瓊海市、文昌市、樂東黎族自治縣，在其他市縣的分布比較少。圖1不同批次的海南島傳統(tǒng)村落分布圖3.1.2空間特征采用核密度分析方法對海南島傳統(tǒng)村落進行分析，結果如圖2。海南島傳統(tǒng)村落主要呈現(xiàn)如下空間特征：南北差異比較明顯。這些傳統(tǒng)村落大多分布于海南島北部，并且在一些地區(qū)分布較為密集，南部沿海地區(qū)也有少量分布，但是分布比較稀疏。（2）多分布于東部，中西部較少。海南島的東部多平原，地形平坦，比較適合村落布局，而中西部多山地、丘陵，地形崎嶇不平，對于農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)的發(fā)展不利，且交通條件落后，因而村落布局較少，體現(xiàn)出空間分布不均衡的特點。圖2海南省傳統(tǒng)村落分布核密度圖3.1.3類型劃分海南島傳統(tǒng)村落具有多樣性，許多村落文化具有顯著的二元性特征，具體表現(xiàn)為融合了民間草根的鄉(xiāng)土文化和儒家正統(tǒng)的精英文化。海南島的傳統(tǒng)村落一般可以按照其地理位置、建筑風格、文化傳承等特征進行分類。按照不同標準，可劃分為不同類型，按地理位置可分為山地型、平原型、濱海型；按功能特征可分為農(nóng)耕型、經(jīng)商型、山水型、防御型；按其形態(tài)布局上看，可分為帶狀村落、網(wǎng)狀村落、組合式村落、中心型村落ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[18]。海南島的傳統(tǒng)村落類型豐富多樣，這不僅體現(xiàn)了海南島地理環(huán)境的多樣性，也展現(xiàn)了當?shù)夭煌褡逦幕奶厣＿@些傳統(tǒng)村落以其獨特的建筑風格、豐富的文化內(nèi)涵和自然風光，吸引著眾多游客前來觀賞和體驗，是海南島重要的歷史文化遺產(chǎn)和旅游資源。本文按地形地貌類型將海南島傳統(tǒng)村落分類為山地型、平原型和濱海型三種類型（如表1）。這三種類型的特征如下：（1）山地型村落（圖3）是海南島傳統(tǒng)村落的重要類型之一。這些村落多建于山區(qū)或丘陵地帶，依山傍水，地理位置優(yōu)越。山地村落的建筑往往利用地形起伏，錯落有致，建筑多以傳統(tǒng)的木質(zhì)結構為主，保留著古老的建筑風格和文化傳統(tǒng)。村落周圍常有茶園、果園等農(nóng)田景觀，生活節(jié)奏寧靜悠閑，展現(xiàn)出當?shù)鬲毺氐娘L情。圖3山地型村落建筑（2）濱海型村落（如圖4）也是海南島傳統(tǒng)村落的重要組成部分。這些村落多分布在海濱或河邊，周圍環(huán)繞著茂密的椰林或棕櫚樹，具有濃厚的海洋氣息。沿海村落的建筑風格和生活方式受到海洋文化的影響，建筑多以木質(zhì)或竹質(zhì)結構為主，靈活利用竹、木、茅草等自然材料建造房屋，體現(xiàn)了因地適宜的建筑理念，展現(xiàn)出簡樸而又精美的民居風格。圖4濱海型村落建筑（3）平原型村落（如圖5）是海南島傳統(tǒng)村落的另一類重要類型。這些村落多位于內(nèi)陸平原或丘陵地帶，地理位置多樣，有些位于山谷中，有些分布在江河岸邊。內(nèi)陸村落的建筑風格和生活方式受土著文化的影響，建筑多以土坯、石頭等當?shù)夭牧辖ㄔ欤纬闪霜毺氐拿窬语L格，體現(xiàn)了特點鮮明的文化特色。圖5平原型村落建筑表1傳統(tǒng)村落類型類型個數(shù)村落名稱特點概括山地型12白查村、洪水村、牙合村、金妙朗村、久溫塘村、皇坡村、龍拔塘村、紅花嶺村、大禮村、群山村、留客村木質(zhì)結構、周圍多農(nóng)田平原型45文山村、東譚村、美篆村、金堆村、羅梧村、邊海村、昌文湖村、包道村、晨光村、三卿村、美社村、馮塘村、美孝村、大美村、美朗村、揚坤村、羅驛村、道吉村、儒音村、美傲村、美墩村、美楠村、那雅村、南軒村、秀靈村、春內(nèi)村、龍梅村、仙坡村、高林村、三灘村、卜效村、老丹村、美香村、紅專居透灘村、居仁村、深造村、濱灘村、中洞村、東群村、分洪村、沙港村、富宅村、十八行村、大頂村、松樹下村、下山村內(nèi)陸平原或丘陵地帶濱海型19佛羅老村、黃流村、鏡湖村、保平村、疍家漁村、聯(lián)光村、加美村、美德村、冠南村、仙寨蓮塘村、義門二村、上丹村、道郡村、昌拱村、譚昌村、石石矍村、龍吉村、東坡村、邁德村木質(zhì)或竹質(zhì)結構3.2海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布的影響因素傳統(tǒng)村落的形態(tài)特征是多種因素綜合作用的結果。經(jīng)濟技術、歷史文化、社會制度和自然環(huán)境等因素都在影響著村落的形成和發(fā)展。在海南島這樣一個地理環(huán)境獨特、氣候特征顯著的地方，這些因素對當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)村落的聚落形態(tài)和建筑構造產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。3.2.1自然因素海南島位于北緯18°10′04″～20°09′40″，東經(jīng)108°36′43″～111°02′31″，面積約為3.4萬m2，位于熱帶北緣。其自然氣候類型為熱帶季風氣候，終年濕熱年平均相對濕度可達80%以上，年均氣溫在22.5～26℃之間，夏季溫度高，日照時間長，且受到東北季風和西南季風的影響，進而呈現(xiàn)出明顯的季風特征。在一年之中，季風變化明顯，且島上氣候溫暖濕潤，全年氣溫較為穩(wěn)定，一般在20℃～30℃之間，是中國境內(nèi)氣溫最高的地區(qū)之一，冬季氣候較為溫和，夏季則炎熱多雨。圖6海南島氣溫圖海南島所屬的熱帶季風氣候區(qū)，降水充沛，年降水量較大，呈現(xiàn)明顯的濕潤氣候特征。海南島的年平均降雨量為1,639mm，但是降雨量分布不均衡，主要集中在夏季，特別是在5月至10月間，短暫但強降水頻繁，常有雷暴和熱帶風暴。中東部沿海為濕潤區(qū)，西南部沿海為半干燥區(qū)，其它地區(qū)為半濕潤區(qū)（圖6）。降雨季節(jié)不均勻分配，干濕季節(jié)明顯，氣候特點為炎熱、潮濕、多雨，尤其是春季室內(nèi)濕度最大。由于這些獨特的氣候條件，海南島擁有獨特的熱帶雨林植被，包括熱帶雨林、熱帶季雨林等類型，植物種類繁多，樹木蔥郁，綠意盎然，擁有眾多天然美景，如碧海藍天的海灘、蔚藍的海洋、綠樹成蔭的植被、飛流而下的瀑布、獨具一格的溫泉等，吸引著眾多游客前來觀光旅游。除此以外，高溫高濕的氣候條件對建筑形態(tài)與村落布局也有著較大的影響。海南島的獨特地理環(huán)境和氣候特征是塑造當?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)村落形態(tài)的重要因素之一。其熱帶氣候類型和豐富的降水量，決定了當?shù)卮迓湓诮ㄖ闲枰紤]到通風、遮陽、防潮等因素。因此，在海南的傳統(tǒng)村落中，常見的建筑形式包括高腳屋、竹樓ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[19]等，這些建筑結構能夠適應當?shù)氐臍夂驐l件，為居民提供舒適的居住環(huán)境。除了氣候因素，海南島的地理環(huán)境也對傳統(tǒng)村落的形態(tài)產(chǎn)生了影響。島上多山丘、河流眾多，這些地形地貌的特點決定了村落的布局需要考慮地勢起伏、水資源分布等因素（圖7）。因此，海南的傳統(tǒng)村落通常選址在山水之間，借助山勢和水源，形成了獨特的村莊格局。圖7海南島傳統(tǒng)村落與地形關系圖由上圖不難看出，海南島行政區(qū)內(nèi)的地勢四周低平，中間高聳，中西部多山地、丘陵，而東部又具有廣闊的沿海平原，在山地丘陵周圍，廣泛分布著寬窄不一的臺地和階地，環(huán)島多為濱海平原，這樣的地形地貌造就了古村落的分布格局，依山傍水，受到地理環(huán)境的影響較大。海南傳統(tǒng)村落的形態(tài)特征既反映了當?shù)刈匀画h(huán)境和氣候條件，也承載著豐富的歷史文化和民俗傳統(tǒng)。這些因素共同作用，使得海南島的傳統(tǒng)村落在建筑風格ADDINZOTERO_ITEMCSL_CITATION{"citationID":"b5uQjWyG","properties":{"formattedCitation":"\\super[28]\\nosupersub{}","plainCitation":"[28]","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":2009,"uris":["/users/9436431/items/TBTK9UTP"],"itemData":{"id":2009,"type":"article-journal","abstract":"Disparitiesbetweenexperts’andlocalcommunities’notionsofheritageconstituteakeyareaofconcerninnarrativesondemocraticandinclusiveapproachestoheritageconservation.However,thedifferentiatingun-derlyingreasonsforheritagedelineationremainunderexplored.ByexaminingofficialandlocalunderstandingsofheritageinGreektraditionalsettlements,thecurrentpaperinterrogatesthefactorsbehindheritageascriptionandclassification.FocusingonrurallivingheritageplacesandbreakingthroughtheancientglorifiedClassicalpast,thepapershedslightonalessknown,contemporaryandlivedheritagewhichishoweverequallyimportantforthemodernGreekidentity.Inthecontextofaprofoundauthorisedheritagediscourse,thepaperquestionsthetensionbetweenofficialheritagepolicyandcommunitynotionsofheritage,revealingmulti-layeredandnotnecessarilycontrastingknittingofheritagemeanings,problematizingitsroleinfosteringheritageco-production.","container-title":"JournalofRuralStudies","DOI":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.09.012","ISSN":"07430167","journalAbbreviation":"JournalofRuralStudies","language":"en","page":"47-58","source":"DOI.org(Crossref)","title":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis:WideningconservationapproachesinthetraditionalvillagesofcentralGreece","title-short":"Heritagepolicymeetscommunitypraxis","volume":"81","author":[{"family":"Katapidi","given":"Ioanna"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2021",1]]}}}],"schema":"/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[20]、聚落格局等方面呈現(xiàn)出獨特的特色，體現(xiàn)了人與自然和諧相處的智慧和傳統(tǒng)。3.2.2經(jīng)濟因素在本文中，將運用GDP對影響海南島傳統(tǒng)村落空間分布的經(jīng)濟因素進行分析。GDP是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值，是指一個國家或地區(qū)在一定時期內(nèi)生產(chǎn)活動的最終成果，它是國民經(jīng)濟核算的核心指標，也是衡量一個國家或地區(qū)的總體經(jīng)濟狀況重要指標，可以大致反映出該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟水平，因此，本文將GDP作為衡量海南島各地區(qū)經(jīng)濟狀況的大致標準。圖8海南島按三次產(chǎn)業(yè)分各市縣生產(chǎn)總值與傳統(tǒng)村落關系圖從上圖（如圖8）中可以看出，?？谑凶鳛楹Ｄ蠉u的重要城市，是全島在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、交通等方面的中心，對周邊地區(qū)有著重要的帶動作用，其發(fā)展水平和內(nèi)部資源的利用效率對推動整個地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、增強地方經(jīng)濟競爭力具有不可替代的作用，其GDP值遠遠大于作為其他市縣。將海南島各地區(qū)的生產(chǎn)總值與76個傳統(tǒng)村落相聯(lián)系，從結果中不難看出，生產(chǎn)總值越高的地區(qū)，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平越高，經(jīng)濟狀況越好，其中入選成為傳統(tǒng)村落的數(shù)量越多，分布越密集；生產(chǎn)總值越低的地區(qū)，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平越低，經(jīng)濟狀況越差，傳統(tǒng)村落的數(shù)量較少，分布越稀疏。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平在較深