四川省達(dá)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期第二次診斷性測試（二模）英語試題

四川省達(dá)州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期第二次診斷性測試（二模）英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。STEMCompetitionsforStudentsNSTAExploraVisionAreyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision'sSTEM（science,technology,engineering&mathematics）competition.Workinginteamsoftwotofour,studentswillresearchaparticulartechnologyandassessthewaysinwhichitmayimpactlivesmovingforward.Participantsarerequiredtowriteapaperanddrawwebpagescommunicatingtheirvision.Grades:7th-9thand10th-12thCompetitionType:RegionalandnationaleCyberMissionYoucanparticipateinthiscompetitionwithoutleavingthehouse.eCyberMissionisaweb-basedcontestinwhichparticipants—workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents—usescience,mathandtechnologytosolveproblemsfacingtheircommunities.First-placewinnersreceive$1,000.Grades:9thCompetitionType:Regional,stateandnationalTEAMSCompetitionHeldannually,TEAMSinvitesstudentstousetheirengineeringtalenttocontributetothecommunity.Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents,participantscompletereal-lifeengineeringchallenges.Thecompetitionincludesmultiple-choicequestions,anessayandadesign-buildcomponent.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:StateandnationalTheConradChallengeInthischallenge,participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudentstodevelopproductsorservicesinresponsetokeyissuesfacingpeoplearoundtheworld.TheConradChallengeempowersstudentstotakecontroloftheirlearningandapplyittoreal-lifesituations.Winnersareeligible（有資格的）forscholarships,patentassistanceandaidincreatingcompanies.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:International1．WhatdoesNSTAExploraVision'sSTEMcompetitionfocuson?A．Engineeringinnovation.B．Students'paperwritingskills.C．Newtechnologyshapingthefuture.D．Students'abilityinwebpagedesign.2．WhatdothefourSTEMcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillgetabigcashprize.B．Theyareallnationalcompetitions.C．Participantsarerequiredtoworkinteams.D．Participantsmustsolvereal-lifeproblems.3．Whichcompetitioninvolvesforeignstudents?A．NSTAExploraVision. B．eCvberMission.C．TEAMSCompetition. D．TheConradChallenge.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Thoughit'scommonthatnewscientistsgetinternationalexperienceaspartoftheirpostdoctoralwork,acquiringinternationalexposureduringone'sPhDstudyislesscommon.Butitcanberewarding.I'minthefinalyearofmyPhDcourseinexperimentalphysics.ThePhDprogramisbasedatLoughboroughUniversity,theUK,butabigpartofmyexperimentalworkisattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermany.ComingfromEnglandjustaftermybachelor'sdegreeinphysicswasabigstepandsomewhatrisky.Iwasn'tsureifitwouldhelpmycareerorsuitmypersonalstyle.Iwasfacedwithanumberofquestions.Mysupervisors（導(dǎo)師）,oneinEnglandandoneinGermany,gavemegreatfreedomtopickresearchtopicsandcarryoutmyresearchatanotherinstitute.IwasexcitedaboutgoingtotheMaxPlanckInstitute.OncethelongroadofthePhDiscomplete,Ihopetohavetheconfidencetocompeteinanincreasinglymultinationalfieldinordertosecurepostdoctoralpositions,Althoughmovingabroadmeansreducedcontactwithmyhomeuniversityandresearchcommunity,attendingconferencesinBritainhashelpedmenetworkanddevelopasenseofcommunity.Ittooksometimetosettledown,findanapartment,andgetusedtothelocallife,surroundingsandadifferentlanguage.Inthelab,asimpletaskwascomplicatedbythelanguagebarrier.Still,withpersistence,itwasanenrichingexperiencebothpersonallyandprofessionally.TheMaxPlanckInstituteprovidednotonlyanexcitingenvironment,butenoughfundingthathelpedexpandtheoutputofmyresearchconsiderably.Ihadaccesstoequipmentandresourceshardtofindatmanyinstitutions.Thusfar,Ihavenoregrets.DoingaPhDabroadhasimprovedmyknowledgeofphysicsandclarifiedmycareeraspirations（抱負(fù)）.4．HowdoestheauthorfinddoingPhDstudyabroad?A．Veryuseful. B．Prettycommon.C．Extremelydifficult. D．Absolutelynecessary.5．WhathappenedtotheauthorwhenhefirststudiedinGermany?A．Hechoseadifficultresearchtopic.B．Hehadahardtimefindingfriends.C．Hemadesomemistakesinhisstudy.D．Hebecameconfusedabouthisstudyandlife.6．Howdidtheauthor'sexperienceinBritainhelphimadapttothenewlife?A．Bymakinghimconfident.B．Byteachinghimtosocialize.C．Bypullinghimoutofhiscomfortzone.D．Byhelpinghimfindhispassionforlife.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SeekingaPhDAbroadB．FollowingtheDesiredCareerPathC．FindingaPlacetoFurtherPhDStudyD．BreakingthroughtheLanguageBarriers閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。"Ispilledsoupalloverthetable,butitwasn'tmyfault"."Igotintotroubleatschool,butitwasn'tmyfault."Suchstatementsareoftenheard."It'snotmyfault"isactuallyacommonresponseforsomanypeopleandespeciallyteenagers.Parentscomplainthatthey'retiredofthe"excuses".Thereasonwhyvariationsof"it'snotmyfault"aresopopularisthattheygetusoutofguilt,blameandanger.Thoseemotionsmaycomefromothers'reactionsorourownself-talks.Inthecaseofadolescents,theyareoftentryingtoescaperesponsibilityandpunishmentformistakes.Someteenswouldbenefitfromdecreasingtheirself-blame.Thosewhoblamethemselvesforthingsthattheycan'tcontroltendtobehighlyself-criticalandaremorelikelytobeanxious.Manyteensoverlyrelyon"it'snotmyfault".However,overuseofthephrasecanresultinfeelingsofhelplessnesstocontroltheirownlives.Besides,"it'snotmyfault"focusesateen'sattentiononwhatisdoneasopposedtowhatneedstobedone.Intryingtogetthemtoassumeresponsibility,manyparentsattempttoconvincetheirchildrenthatsomethingistheirfault,buttheapproachtendstobeineffective.Amoreeffectiveapproachistofaceuptodrawbackstofindsolutionstothedrawbacksactively.Peoplemaynothavecausedalltheirproblems,buttheyhavetosolvethemanyway.Gettingstuckinsharingblameoftenkeepspeoplefrommovingforwardeffectively.Whatdoesonedoifheispushedintoadeeplake?Onecouldcertainlystayinwater,yelling,"It'snotmyfault."However,thatisnotgoingtogethimoutofwater.Atsomepoint,heneedstoswimtoshore,regardlessofthefault.Likemostthingsinlife,freeingourselvesfromblamehasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Thequestionisn'twhatis"right",butwhatismosteffectiveinmovingforward.8．Whoislikelytorelyon"it'snotmyfault"?A．Ahighlyself-criticalteenager.B．Ateenagerunwillingtoadmitafault.C．Ateenagerfacinguptohisresponsibilities.D．Ateenageranxiousaboutuncontrollablethings.9．Whatistheauthor'sadviceongettingteenstoassumeresponsibility?A．Lettingthemfocusonwhatisdone.B．Persuadingthemtoadmittheirfault.C．Makingthemcorrectthemistakeactively.D．Helpingthemanalyzethereasonforthemistake.10．WhydoestheauthorraisesuchaquestioninParagraph5?A．Toputforwardanewsolutiontodrawbacks.B．Toshowhandlingproblemsshouldcomefirst.C．Toexplainwhyteenagersgetstuckinsharingblame.D．Toanalyzewhatkindofproblemiscausedbyothers.11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?A．Tohelpteenagersoutofself-blame.B．Totellparentshowtoeducatechildren.C．Tohelpteenagersfacemistakesproperly.D．Totellchildrentodoself-talksconsciously.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration（NOAA）saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar（聲吶）technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.FortheoceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.Weknowlessaboutourplanet'soceanthanwhatweknowaboutthefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.Researchershaveusedshipstorechargecamerasorobservedwithacameratiedtoashiptosolvetheissue,whichisexpensiveandunsuitableforlong-termobservations.Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenamajorsteptoironoutthisproblembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronitsownforlongperiods.Tokeeppowerconsumptionaslowaspossible,theresearchersusedoff-the-shelf,ultra-low-powerimagingsensors.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwaterenvironments,andsendsimagedatawirelesslythroughthewater.Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftergettingandencodingimagedata,thecameraalsousessoundwavestosendthedatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Thosesoundwavescouldcomefromanysource,likeapassingshipormarinelife.Asitdoesn'tneedapowersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.Nowthatresearchershavedemonstratedaworkingprototype（原型）,theyplantoenhancethedevicesoitispracticalinreal-worldsettings.Forfutureapplication,thesecamerasmaybeusedtotakeimagesofoceanpollutionandcreatemoreaccuratemodelstomonitorclimatechangetobetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld,andadvancevariousunderseascientificfields.12．WhatdothedatainparagraphImainlyshow?A．UnderseaexplorationispoorintheUS.B．Muchoftheplanet'soceanremainsunexplored.C．Themappingoftheseaflooristime-consuming.D．Technologydevelopmentmattersalottoseaobservation.13．Whatlimitstheresearchers'underseaexplorationaccordingtothetext?A．Thecomplexityoftheseaenvironment.B．Theconcernaboutpotentialseapollution.C．Theshortageofinvestmentinoceanexploration.D．Theinabilitytoeffectivelypowerunderwatercameras.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"ironout"inparagraph3probablymean?A．Overcome. B．Face. C．Analyze. D．Illustrate.15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheMITunderwatercamera?A．Secureandstable.B．Expensivebuteffective.C．Impracticalbutadvanced.D．Self-sufficientandenergy-saving.二、第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Humorcanhelpyouconnectwithotherpeopleandmakeunpleasantsituationsmorebearable.Therearethingsyoucandotomakeyourselfandotherslaugh.ReadmoreGetyourhandsoneverythingthatisfunny.16．.Hopefully,readinggoodjokesmightinspireyoutostartmakingupyourownjokes.Whenreadingthem,trytoanalysetheelementsthatmakethemgoodjokes.BeobservantWhileknowingalotcanincreaseyourabilityforhumor,there'snosubstituteforseeingalot.Lookforthehumorineverydaysituations.17．.LearnfromfunnypeopleWhetherthey'reprofessionalcomedians,yourparentsoryourfriends,learningfromfunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptobeingfunnyyourself.18．.Keepanoteofsomeofthefunnythingstheysayordo.Thiswillhelpyoudevelopatoolboxoftechniquesyoucanusetobefunny.19．.Differentthingsmakedifferentpeoplelaugh.Whenyou'reinagroupofpeopleyoudon'tknow,listentowhatsubjectsthey'retalkingaboutandwhat'smakingthemlaugh.Thebetteryouknowthem,theeasieritwillbetomakethemlaugh.TrustinyourinnersenseofhumorBeingfunnydoesn'tcomeina"one-size-fits-all"package.Whatmakesyoufunnyisuniquetoyouandthewayyouobservetheworld.Trustthatyoudohaveafunnybone.20．—youjustneedtobringitout.A.It'salreadyinyouB.KnowyouraudienceC.MakedifferentpeoplelaughD.LookforwhatyouadmiremostinthemE.TherearealotoffunnythingsincomediesF.You'llbecomefunnierbyreadingandpracticingjokesG.Theunnoticedhumorrightbeforeyoureyesoftenhasthemosteffect三、英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Nowadays,shoppingonlineenjoysgreatpopularity,butmy21．toclothesshoppingdevelopedviasupermarkets.Withfourchildren,Ispentalotoftimeinsupermarkets.Whentheystartedsellingfashion,Ifoundmyself22．outfancyitemsformyself.Mywardrobequickly23．up.WheneverIfeltboredor24．,Iboughtmyselfsomethingnewtowear.Oneday,whenI25．thetotalmoneyI'dspentoverthepreviousmonth,Igotareal26．.SoIdecidedtochange.OneNewYear,Imadea（n）27．:Iwouldstopbuyingclothesforafullyear.Myfamilylaughedin28．becausetheyknewhowIlovedtoshop,butthismadememore29．todothat.Thestartoftheyearwasespecially30．,asallthesaleswereon,andIreallylovethe31．.Italmostmademe32．toseeallthelovelydressesandcoats,knowingIcouldn'tbuyanyofthem.ButIgotthroughJanuary,33．a(chǎn)wayinFebruaryandsortedoutmywardrobeinMarch.ThatwaswhenIfound34．itemsofclothing.Someofthemstillhadthetags（標(biāo)簽）on!ThenIwasre-wearingthingsthathadbarelyseenthe35．ofdaysinceI'dboughtthem.Ievenworethesamedresstotwoparties36．,whereIhadmuchfunwithmyfriendsandnoone37．mydress.Isuddenly38．thatIdidn'tneedlotsofnewclothes.Isurvivedmyyearwithout39．clothes,andnowthink40．beforeIbuyanythingnew.21．A．contribution B．a(chǎn)ddiction C．response D．a(chǎn)pproach22．A．picking B．checking C．making D．carrying23．A．broke B．ended C．filled D．shut24．A．relaxed B．curious C．satisfied D．stressed25．A．a(chǎn)ddedup B．putaside C．handedover D．tookaway26．A．trouble B．puzzle C．idea D．shock27．A．reservation B．choice C．a(chǎn)nnouncement D．prediction28．A．confusion B．disbelief C．excitement D．embarrassment29．A．confident B．discouraged C．determined D．interested30．A．tough B．promising C．smooth D．a(chǎn)mazing31．A．dress B．item C．bargain D．store32．A．worry B．smile C．refuse D．cry33．A．gave B．passed C．threw D．hid34．A．long-forgotten B．badly-treatedC．well-made D．easily-obtained35．A．color B．light C．beauty D．value36．A．inarow B．a(chǎn)tadistanceC．inaway D．a(chǎn)taloss37．A．exchanged B．liked C．mentioned D．selected38．A．remembered B．regretted C．imagined D．realized39．A．wearing B．purchasing C．changing D．washing40．A．casually B．carefully C．gradually D．constantly四、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thousandsofyearsago,Chinesecharactersappearedonanimalbonesandsilkbeforethey41．（write）onpaper.Butnowmany42．characterhasa"newcontainer"inthemodernage.Recently,aresearchteam,drawingeverylittlebitof43．（inspire）fromXunzi,anoutstandingConfucianphilosopherduringthelateWarringStatesPeriod（475-221BC）,hasrolledoutXunzi,alargelanguagemodel（LLM）andXunziChatinassociationwithaleadingancientChinesetextpublisher.When44．（ask）why,theteamleaderexplained,"Characterssetinverticallayout（豎版）,theabsenceofpausingandpunctuationareallholdingreadersback."45．（create）XunzitheLLM,theteamfirstdidalotofresearch.Since2013,they'vesweated46．（heavy）todigitizeChineseclassicsliketheSikuQuanshu."Thehardworkinvolvesalarge-scalepooloftwobillionChinesecharacters,47．haslaidasolidfoundationfortheLLM."Theireffortsseemtohavepaidoff.Currently,XunzitheLLMcantranslate,punctuate48．understandsomeancientChinesetexts.Themodelcanhelpusmineformoreinformationhiddeninourculturallegacyandfindunnoticedmodelsandconnections.TheteamhavesharedtheLLMonGitHubandotherwebsites,49．（allow）userstodownloadanduseitforfree.They'recommittedtothephilosophyofmakingthedataandmodel50．（access）globally.五、寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Mygrandfather,aretiredteacher,isinhisearlyeighty.Thoughproblemscamealongwithage,henevergivesuplearning.Thatheenjoysmostinhissparetimeispickingupabooktoreadit,withglasseson.Whereverhemeetsnewwords,hewilllookthemupinadictionary.Histhirstyforknowledgehasgreatinfluencedmeandmybrother.Asaresult,wehavemadeupourmindsstudyhardandbothofusagreedwiththedreamofbeingteachersinthefuture.Nowwe'relookingforwardtomakingitrealize.六、第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52．你校英文報將以"GoodbyetoMyHighSchoolLife"為題，面向高三學(xué)生舉辦征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度和經(jīng)歷；2.你的感悟。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.題目已為你寫好。GoodbyetoMyHighSchoolLife

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一片應(yīng)用文，介紹了為學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備的4中STEM比賽。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，涉及到的題型主要是細(xì)節(jié)理解，需要考生根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞仔細(xì)對比文章里的內(nèi)容從而選擇正確答案，難度不大，但是需要細(xì)心和耐心。1．細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章NSTAExploraVision下面的Areyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision'sSTEM（science,technology,engineering&mathematics）（competition.你對未來感興趣嗎?想想ExploraVision的STEM(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué))競賽。）可知，NSTAExploraVersion是關(guān)于塑造未來的新技術(shù)，故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)NSTAExploraVision下面的Workinginteamsoftwotofour（在2-4人的團(tuán)隊中工作），eCyberMission下面的workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents（在2-4人的團(tuán)隊中工作），TEAMSCompetition下面的Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents（在2-4人的小組中工作）,和TheConradChallenge下面的participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudents（參與者在2-5人的團(tuán)隊中工作）可知，四個比賽的共同點(diǎn)是都需要團(tuán)隊合作，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)TheConradChallenge的CompetitionType:International可知這個比賽是國際間的，會涉及到外國學(xué)生，故選D?！敬鸢浮?．A5．D6．B7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述作者到德國讀博士的經(jīng)歷及感想。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。主要涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意題的考查，細(xì)節(jié)理解相對簡單一些，需要抓題干中的關(guān)鍵詞然后定位到文章相關(guān)位置比較選出合適選項，推理判斷則需要在細(xì)節(jié)理解的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行推理，主旨大意題則考查學(xué)生的全局觀，要求學(xué)生通讀全文，然后找到主要內(nèi)容，選出合適主旨。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知：雖然作為博士后工作的一部分，新科學(xué)家獲得國際經(jīng)驗是很常見的，但在博士學(xué)習(xí)期間獲得國際經(jīng)驗卻不太常見。但它也可能是有益的，說明作者認(rèn)為博士學(xué)習(xí)期間在國外學(xué)習(xí)是非常有用的，故選A。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的ComingfromEnglandjustaftermybachelor'sdegreeinphysicswasabigstepandsomewhatrisky.Iwasn'tsureifitwouldhelpmycareerorsuitmypersonalstyle.Iwasfacedwithanumberofquestions.（剛獲得物理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位就從英國來到這里是一大步，而且有點(diǎn)冒險。我不確定這對我的事業(yè)有幫助還是適合我的個人風(fēng)格。我面臨著許多問題。）可知作者最初來到德國時是困惑的，故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的Althoughmovingabroadmeansreducedcontactwithmyhomeuniversityandresearchcommunity,attendingconferencesinBritainhashelpedmenetworkanddevelopasenseofcommunity.（雖然移居國外意味著減少與我家鄉(xiāng)的大學(xué)和研究團(tuán)體的聯(lián)系，但在英國參加會議幫助我建立了關(guān)系網(wǎng)，培養(yǎng)了一種社區(qū)意識。）可知在英國的經(jīng)歷是通過教他社交來幫助他適應(yīng)新生活的，故選B。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知這篇文章主要講述的是作者在自己博士學(xué)習(xí)期間來到德國學(xué)習(xí)的故事，也就是出國讀博士的故事，故選A?！敬鸢浮?．B9．C10．B11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，主要通過"It'snotmyfault"為切入點(diǎn)，討論應(yīng)該如何合理地對待錯誤。

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，主要題型靈活多樣，既涉及比較簡單的細(xì)節(jié)理解題也考查了難度更大一些的推理判斷題。本文考查的細(xì)節(jié)理解主要是對照文章和問題選出答案即可，推理判斷涉及到了觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度，寫作手法的判斷，需要注意一些常見的寫作手法的目的和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的判斷方法。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知：各種各樣的"這不是我的錯"之所以如此流行，是因為它們能讓我們擺脫內(nèi)疚、責(zé)備和憤怒。這些情緒可能來自他人的反應(yīng)或我們自己的自言自語。就青少年而言，他們常常試圖逃避責(zé)任和對錯誤的懲罰，說明說"這不是我的錯"的人是為了逃避責(zé)任和對錯誤的懲罰，也就是說：想逃避責(zé)任和對錯誤的懲罰的人可能會說這句話，故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的Amoreeffectiveapproachistofaceuptodrawbackstofindsolutionstothedrawbacksactively.可知作者認(rèn)為：更有效的方法是正視缺點(diǎn)，積極尋找解決辦法，故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段問題后面的Onecouldcertainlystayinwater,yelling,"It'snotmyfault."However,thatisnotgoingtogethimoutofwater.Atsomepoint,heneedstoswimtoshore,regardlessofthefault.（一個人當(dāng)然可以呆在水里，大喊:"這不是我的錯。"然而，這并不能讓他離開水。在某個時刻，他需要游到岸邊，不管錯誤是什么。）可知，作者提出這個問題是為了證明自己的觀點(diǎn)：要先解決問題，故選B.11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知：就像生活中的大多數(shù)事情一樣，把自己從責(zé)備中解脫出來既有好處也有壞處。問題不在于什么是"正確的"，而在于什么是最有效的前進(jìn)方式。說明作者寫這篇文章的最終目的在于幫助青少年合理面對錯誤。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．D14．A15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道類文章，主要講述的是為了幫助研究者探索海洋，麻省理工的一些研究者研發(fā)出了一種新型水下攝像機(jī)以及這種攝像機(jī)的特點(diǎn)，

【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解?？疾榈念}型有細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和詞義猜測題。學(xué)生結(jié)合題目關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章里，理解文章之后結(jié)合選項選出合適答案，在進(jìn)行詞義猜測題的時候可以考慮動詞和賓語的搭配以及排除法。12．推理判斷題。第一段的數(shù)據(jù)70%講的是Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface（海洋覆蓋了地球表面的70%以上），10%指的是whichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld'socean.（它只繪制了世界海洋的10%，）35%指的是FortheoceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.（對于美國的海洋和沿海水域，這一數(shù)字僅為35%左右。），這幾個數(shù)字是為了說明海岸占地球表面70%但是研究探測領(lǐng)域只有很少一部分，故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.（缺乏觀察的部分原因是水下攝像機(jī)的供電困難。）可知限制研究者們海底探索的原因是不能給水下攝像機(jī)有效供電，故選D。14．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句子Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havetakenamajorstep的意思（最近，麻省理工學(xué)院(MIT)的研究人員取得了重大進(jìn)展）可知，取得重大進(jìn)展是為了解決問題，劃線詞是"解決，克服"的意思，A克服B面對C分析D說明，故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知：這臺攝像機(jī)是由聲音驅(qū)動的。它將聲波在水中傳播的機(jī)械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，為成像和通信設(shè)備提供動力。在獲取并編碼圖像數(shù)據(jù)后，相機(jī)還使用聲波將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到接收器，接收器重建圖像。這些聲波可能來自任何來源，比如過往的船只或海洋生物。由于它不需要電源，相機(jī)可以連續(xù)運(yùn)行數(shù)周才返回，使科學(xué)家能夠在海洋的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)尋找新物種。由此可知該水下攝像機(jī)是自給自足，節(jié)能的，故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．F；17．G；18．D；19．B；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何讓自己和他人笑的幾個小方法。

【點(diǎn)評】考查七選五。本文是一篇方法介紹類說明文，可以結(jié)合文章結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空位置句子特點(diǎn)來結(jié)合上下文選出最適合的選項。16．根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題Readmore可知這一段主要建議多讀書，空格前的Getyourhandsoneverythingthatisfunny.意思是：抓住一切有意思的東西，空格后的Hopefully,readinggoodjokesmightinspireyoutostartmakingupyourownjokes.是：希望讀到好的笑話能激勵你開始自己編笑話。由此可推斷空格處應(yīng)該是讓讀笑話的，F(xiàn).You'llbecomefunnierbyreadingandpracticingjokes(通過閱讀和練習(xí)笑話，你會變得更有趣)符合題意，故選F。17．本空所在的小標(biāo)題Beobservant（要善于觀察）說明本段主要讓注意觀察，由空前的Lookforthehumorineverydaysituations.（在日常生活中尋找幽默。）可知該題應(yīng)該是觀察日常情況的，日常情況總有些也是有利于幫助你逗別人笑的，G.Theunnoticedhumorrightbeforeyoureyesoftenhasthemosteffect（在你眼前不被注意到的幽默往往效果最好）符合題意，故選G。18．根據(jù)空前的Whetherthey'reprofessionalcomedians,yourparentsoryourfriends,learningfromfunnypeopleinyourlifeisakeysteptobeingfunnyyourself.（無論他們是專業(yè)的喜劇演員，你的父母還是你的朋友，向生活中有趣的人學(xué)習(xí)是讓自己變得有趣的關(guān)鍵一步。）和空后的Keepanoteofsomeofthefunnythingstheysayordo.（記下他們說的或做的一些有趣的事情。）可知本空描寫的是從有趣的人那兒要學(xué)習(xí)什么，D.Lookforwhatyouadmiremostinthem（找出他們身上你最欣賞的地方）符合題意，故選D。19．根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這一空是小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)其他小標(biāo)題可知此空應(yīng)該是短小的祈使句，BC可以選擇，根據(jù)下面的Differentthingsmakedifferentpeoplelaugh.Whenyou'reinagroupofpeopleyoudon'tknow,listentowhatsubjectsthey'retalkingaboutandwhat'smakingthemlaugh.Thebetteryouknowthem,theeasieritwillbetomakethemlaugh.（不同的事情使不同的人發(fā)笑。當(dāng)你和一群不認(rèn)識的人在一起時，聽聽他們在談?wù)撌裁丛掝}，什么讓他們笑。你越了解他們，就越容易逗他們笑。）可知這一段講的是要了解你的聽眾，B.Knowyouraudience（了解你的聽眾）符合題意，故選B。20．根據(jù)空格后的youjustneedtobringitout.（你只需要把它展現(xiàn)出來。）可知it本身存在，你需要做的才是展現(xiàn)出來，A.It'salreadyinyou（它已經(jīng)在你體內(nèi)了）符合題意，故選A?！敬鸢浮?1．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．C；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．D；34．A；35．B；36．A；37．C；38．D；39．B；40．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是作者買衣服上癮，某一天算上月支出時很震驚自己的總支出決心做出改變：一年不買新衣服，最終成功改變了買衣服上癮的習(xí)慣。

【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空。涉及到了名詞，動詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語的辨析及用法，題型綜合性強(qiáng)，考查范圍廣，要求學(xué)生記憶單詞用法及含義的同時還要結(jié)合上下文選擇合適答案。21．句意：如今，網(wǎng)上購物很受歡迎，但我對衣服的上癮是通過超市發(fā)展起來的。A.contribution"貢獻(xiàn)，捐款"；B.addiction"上癮"；C.response"回應(yīng)"；D.approach"方法"。根據(jù)后文的WheneverIfeltboredor4,Iboughtmyselfsomethingnewtowear.（每當(dāng)我感到無聊或4時，我就給自己買些新衣服穿。）可知，作者買衣服是上癮的，故選B。22．句意：當(dāng)他們開始賣時裝時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在為自己挑選漂亮的衣服。A.picking"挑選"；B.checking"檢查"；C.making"制作"；D.carrying"攜帶"。根據(jù)常識當(dāng)超市賣時裝時，是要為自己挑選衣服的，故選A。23．句意：我的衣柜很快就裝滿了。A.broke"打破"；B.ended"結(jié)束"；C.filled"裝滿"；D.shut"關(guān)閉"。根據(jù)前文Whentheystartedsellingfashion,Ifoundmyselfpickingoutfancyitemsformyself.（當(dāng)他們開始賣時裝時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在為自己挑選漂亮的衣服。）可知，作者在不斷買衣服，衣柜自然很快就會裝滿，故選C。24．句意：每當(dāng)我感到無聊或有壓力時，我就給自己買些新衣服穿。A.relaxed"放松的"；B.curious"好奇的"；C.satisfied"滿意的"；D.stressed"有壓力的"。根據(jù)or可知，空格處的單詞應(yīng)該和前面的bored相近，D符合題意都是比較消極的情緒，故選D。25．句意：有一天，當(dāng)我加起來我上個月花的錢時，我大吃一驚。A.addedup"加起來"；B.putaside"存儲，暫時擱置"；C.handedover"交出"；D.tookaway"帶走".根據(jù)題意可知是："我在計算上月花的錢"，A符合題意，故選A。26．句意：有一天，當(dāng)我加起來我上個月花的錢時，我大吃一驚。A.trouble"麻煩"；B.puzzle"難題";C.idea"主意"；D.shock"震驚"，根據(jù)后文的SoIdecidedtochange.（所以我決定改變）可知，"我"應(yīng)該是震驚的，故選D。27．句意：有一年新年，我做了一個聲明：我要一整年不買衣服。A.reservation"保留，預(yù)訂"；B.choice"選擇";C.announcement"聲明"；D.prediction"預(yù)測"。根據(jù)空后的Iwouldstopbuyingclothesforafullyear.（我會一整年不買衣服。）可知，"我"聲明自己會一整年不買衣服，故選C。28．句意：我的家人難以置信地笑了，因為他們知道我有多喜歡購物，但這讓我更加堅決地那樣做。A.confusion"困惑"；B.disbelief"不信任"；C.excitement"激動"；D.embarrassment"尷尬"。根據(jù)后面的becausetheyknewhowIlovedtoshop（因為他們知道我多愛購物）可知家人是不相信地笑了，故選B。29．句意：我的家人難以置信地笑了，因為他們知道我有多喜歡購物，但這讓我更加堅決地那樣做。A.confidnet"有信心的"；B.discouraged"泄氣的，心灰意冷的"；C.determined"意志堅定的"；D.interested"感興趣的"。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明和前文不一樣，前文家人不信任，這里應(yīng)該是我更堅定，故選C。30．句意：今年年初尤其艱難，因為所有的促銷都在進(jìn)行，我真的很喜歡這種減價品。A.tough"艱難的"；B.promising"有希望的"；C.smooth"順利的"；D.amazing"令人驚嘆的"。根據(jù)后文的asallthesaleswereon,andIreallylovethe___.(因為所有的促銷都在進(jìn)行，我真的很喜歡這______)可知作者一開始不買衣服非常艱難，故選A。31．句意：今年年初尤其艱難，因為所有的促銷都在進(jìn)行，我真的很喜歡這種減價品。A.dress"裙子"；B.item"東西"；C.bargain"減價品"；D.store"商店"。根據(jù)空前的asallthesaleswereon（因為所有的促銷都在進(jìn)行）可知，促銷會有很多的減價品，故選C。32．句意：看到這么多可愛的裙子和外套，我知道自己一件也買不到，幾乎要哭了。A.worry"擔(dān)心"；B.smile"微笑"；C.refuse"拒絕"；D.cry"哭泣"。根據(jù)前文作者極其喜歡買衣服，這里我知道自己一件也買不到應(yīng)該是幾乎要哭的反應(yīng)，故選D。33．句意：但我熬過了1月，在2月躲起來，3月整理了衣櫥。A.gave"給"；B.passed"通過"；C.threw"扔"；D.hid"藏"。根據(jù)文章作者聲明自己要一年不買衣服，一月很艱難，三月收拾衣櫥，說明二月份作者躲起來沒買衣服，故選D。34．句意：那時我發(fā)現(xiàn)了長期被遺忘的衣服。A.long-forgotten"長期被遺忘的"；B.badly-treated"虐待的"；C.well-made"做工精良的"；D.easily-obtained"容易得到的，容易獲得的"。根據(jù)后面的Someofthemstillhadthetags（標(biāo)簽）on!（他們中有些標(biāo)簽還在）可知，有些衣服被遺忘了，故選A。35．句意：然后我重新穿上那些自從我買了之后幾乎沒見過光的衣服。A.color"顏色"；B.light"光"；C.beauty"美麗"；D.value"價值"。根據(jù)前文Someofthemstillhadthetags（標(biāo)簽）on!（他們中有些標(biāo)簽還在）可知，有些衣服就沒穿過，沒見過光，故選B。36．句意：我甚至穿著同樣的裙子連續(xù)參加了兩次派對，在那里我和朋友們玩得很開心，沒有人提到我的裙子。A.inarow"連續(xù)"；B.atadistance"在遠(yuǎn)處"；C.inaway"以某種方式"；D.ataloss"困惑"。連續(xù)參加兩次派對，故選A。37．句意：我甚至穿著同樣的裙子連續(xù)參加了兩次派對，在那里我和朋友們玩得很開心，沒有人提到我的裙子。A.exchanged"交換"；B.liked"喜歡"；C.mentioned"提及"；D.selected"挑選"。在派對玩的開心，別人不提到作者的裙子，故選C。38．句意：我突然意識到我不需要很多新衣服。A.remembered"記得"；B.regretted"后悔"；C.imagined"想象"；D.realized"意識到"。根據(jù)前文Ievenworethesamedresstotwopartiesinaraw,whereIhadmuchfunwithmyfriendsandnoonementionedmydress.（我甚至穿著同樣的裙子連續(xù)參加了兩次派對，在那里我和朋友們玩得很開心，沒有人提到我的裙子。)可以推斷出來"我突然意識到不需要很多衣服"，故選D。39．句意：我熬過了一年不買衣服的日子，現(xiàn)在我買新東西之前會仔細(xì)考慮。A.wearing"穿"；B.purchasing"買"；C.changing"改變"；D.washing"洗"。根據(jù)文章可知作者要一年不買衣服，故選B。40．句意：我熬過了一年不買衣服的日子，現(xiàn)在我買新東西之前會仔細(xì)考慮。A.casually"隨意地"；B.carefully"仔細(xì)地"；C.gradually"逐漸地"；D.constantly"不斷地"。"思考"應(yīng)該是"仔細(xì)地思考"，故選B?！敬鸢浮?1．werewritten；42．a(chǎn)；43．inspiration；44．a(chǎn)sked；45．Tocreate；46．heavily；47．which；48．a(chǎn)nd；49．a(chǎn)llowing；50．a(chǎn)ccessible【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞類報道，主要講的是最近一個研究團(tuán)隊受荀子的啟發(fā)創(chuàng)造