人教社2024版初中七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)寒假分層作業(yè)學(xué)生版10 語(yǔ)法填空

人教社2024版初中七年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)寒假分層作業(yè)學(xué)生版專題10語(yǔ)法填空特訓(xùn)內(nèi)容早知道?第一層鞏固提升練語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧?第二層能力培優(yōu)練?第三層拓展突破練（1）考點(diǎn)分布一般比較均勻，除動(dòng)詞外，考點(diǎn)一般不重復(fù)?！痉峙洌好~+動(dòng)詞*2+形容詞+副詞+冠詞+介詞+連詞+連接詞+代詞】（2）有提示詞均需要變形，且變形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案時(shí)可以根據(jù)考點(diǎn)依次帶入排除。（比如四個(gè)無(wú)提示詞的填空已經(jīng)填入了冠詞、介詞、連詞，則剩下的大概率是三大從句的連接詞或者疑問(wèn)詞）考點(diǎn)1：名詞名詞的形式變化主要有可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格、詞性轉(zhuǎn)變、固定搭配。名詞單復(fù)數(shù)（依據(jù)：橫線前有表示復(fù)數(shù)的詞如afew，lotsof，these，those，或者數(shù)量詞等，或者therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)are或were形式）名詞所有格（依據(jù)：橫線后又是名詞且提示詞的名詞對(duì)后面的名詞不形成修飾關(guān)系，而形成從屬關(guān)系）名詞詞性變化（依據(jù)：根據(jù)前后文詞性判斷名詞是否要變化成相應(yīng)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等）固定搭配[*無(wú)提示型]（固定詞組與表達(dá)方式，如pay___to首先想到attention）【例1】Therearemanytall(build)inourcity.解析：根據(jù)其前的many可知其后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,build的名詞為building,故填寫buildings,意為“建筑物，房子”?！纠?】Canyoutellmesome(different)betweenthetwonewwords?解析：根據(jù)其前的some可知此處用different的名詞difference的復(fù)數(shù)形式differences,意為“差別,差異”?！纠?】Homerulesshouldbespecialtoyour__________(family)needs.解析：根據(jù)其前的your可知后面必須是名詞，而needs已經(jīng)是名詞形式了，所以此時(shí)只需要考慮family這個(gè)詞與needs之間的關(guān)系不是修飾而是從屬，所以為family’s。考點(diǎn)2：動(dòng)詞【兩大方向：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞】時(shí)態(tài)+語(yǔ)態(tài)（依據(jù)1：前后文的時(shí)態(tài)和形式，或者時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；依據(jù)2：特殊句型；依據(jù)3：前后文的被動(dòng)關(guān)系）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種形式[doing,，done，todo]（根據(jù)固定的搭配形式來(lái)改變動(dòng)詞形式，如wanttodo就要把do變todo，finishdoing就要把do變doing）【注意】實(shí)義動(dòng)詞與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是不可能以兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形的形式直接銜接在一起的，后面一個(gè)一定會(huì)變形。比如實(shí)義動(dòng)詞want，play，practice在一起，可以形成wantplay（錯(cuò)），wanttoplay（對(duì)），practicetoplay（錯(cuò)），practiceplaying（對(duì)）因此，當(dāng)做到動(dòng)詞題的時(shí)候一定要往前一個(gè)詞看，找是否有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如果有，則橫線上填寫的動(dòng)詞肯定是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種形式之一?！尽瓌?dòng)詞______(動(dòng)詞)】如果橫線與前一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之間還夾著別的成分，那需要按著語(yǔ)法來(lái)判斷。【…動(dòng)詞+代詞/名詞+______(動(dòng)詞)】【用todo的其他形式】1、后置定語(yǔ)（動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般都要放在所修飾名詞或代詞的后面）如：1、achancetodosth做某事的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)2、thewaytodosth做某事的辦法3、thebesttimetodosth做某事的最佳時(shí)間4、somethingtoeat一些吃的東西5、somethingtodrink一些喝的東西6、alotofworktodo許多要做的工作7、get/haveachancetodosth.得到一個(gè)做某事的機(jī)會(huì)2、It’s+形容詞（adj.）+for(of)+sb+todosth對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事怎么樣【分析】形容詞（adj.）修飾文中的事情既todosth時(shí)，人前的介詞用for；但是如果形容詞（adj.）修飾文中的人既sb時(shí)，人前面的介詞用of.①It’shardformetolearnEnglishwell.（句子hard是修飾動(dòng)詞不定式tolearnEnglishwell，意為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)難，所以用的介詞是forsb.）②It’skindofyoutohelpme.（句中kind“善良的”修飾you(人)意為你善良，所以介詞用ofsb.）3、Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事（常考）4、It’stimeforsb.todosth.是某人做某事的時(shí)候了【例1】I(do)myhomeworkathomelastSunday.解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastSunday可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),故填寫do的過(guò)去式did?！纠?】Lucyusually(watch)televisiononFridaymorning!解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)onFridaymorning和頻率副詞usually可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，且主語(yǔ)Lucy是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填寫watch的第三人稱單數(shù)形式watches。【例3】Infiveyears’time,1(become)auniversitystudent.解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Infiveyears’time可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故填寫willbecome?？键c(diǎn)3：形容詞與副詞形容詞比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)（依據(jù)1：比較級(jí)看句子中是否有than，最高級(jí)看形容詞前面是否有the或后面有沒(méi)有in/of+范圍的形式。依據(jù)2：橫線前有even，much、alittle/bit等后面需要用比較級(jí)的詞）固定句型（常見(jiàn)的為比較級(jí)的相關(guān)句型：themore…themore…，moreandmore。表示建議的句型：hadbetterdosth。表示狀態(tài)的句型：主語(yǔ)+be+adj+todo）形容詞副詞化（依據(jù)：提示詞為形容詞，空格后有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者形容詞；或者空格位于句首，用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)）動(dòng)詞的ing與ed形式（依據(jù)：橫線前有be動(dòng)詞或是后面有名詞，則用ing形式；橫線前有人稱代詞或人名，則用ed形式）否定變化（如happy變成unhappy）】注意：形容詞是修飾名詞的，而副詞是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞與副詞本身的?！纠?】Homeisthe(warm)placewhereveryougo.解析：根據(jù)句意“無(wú)論你走到哪里，家是最溫暖的地方”和定冠詞the可知此處用形容詞warm的最高級(jí)warmest?！纠?】JimstudiesbetterthanTom，butTomis(friendly)andhehasmorefriends.解析：句意：吉姆比湯姆學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)更好，但是湯姆(對(duì)人)更友好，他有更多的朋友。由句中的studiesbetter以及morefriends可知，要用形容詞friendly的比較級(jí)friendlier，意為“更友好的”?！纠?】Wehadafootballmatchyesterday.Ourfanscheereduson(loud)andwefeltmoreconfident.解析：句意：昨天我們進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)足球賽。我們的粉絲們?yōu)槲覀兇舐暤丶佑?，我們感到更加有信心。表示“大聲地”?yīng)用loudly?？键c(diǎn)4：代詞賓格（橫線在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面）形容詞性物主代詞（橫線后面有名詞）名詞性物主代詞（橫線后面沒(méi)有名詞，前面有of或者前面有be動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞）反身代詞（橫線前有和括號(hào)里同一類的且做主語(yǔ)成分的代詞，此時(shí)把括號(hào)內(nèi)的代詞改為反身代詞）不定代詞（一般以some/ever/any+thing為主，其次是others，another）【例1】Doyouhave(something)tosay?解析：something通常用于肯定句，在疑問(wèn)句中用anything。故填anything?！纠?】Wouldyoulike(every)coffee?解析：雖然any用于疑問(wèn)句，但some可以用于表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句中，尤其是some用于向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)求得到某物。根據(jù)句意及語(yǔ)氣填寫some?！纠?】Iboughtsomethingformyparents，butnothingfor(I).解析：根據(jù)句意“我為我父母買了些東西，但我沒(méi)有為我自己買什么”可知填寫myself?？键c(diǎn)5：數(shù)量詞考點(diǎn)基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞（橫線前一般有the）基數(shù)詞變次數(shù)（一般只考o(jì)nce，twice）單位詞變復(fù)數(shù)（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百萬(wàn)-million，十億-billion的用法）注意：300名學(xué)生——threehundredstudents（此時(shí)hundred后無(wú)s）成百上千名學(xué)生——hundredsofstudents（hundred后有了of則要加s）成百上千名學(xué)生——hundredsuponhundredsofstudents【例1】Iamtoknowthat(hundred)ofpeoplelosttheirlivesintheearthquake.解析：hundred意為“百”，表示大概數(shù)字時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)且和of連用。故填寫hundreds?！纠?】Howmany(time)didyougotoBeijinglastyear?解析：times指“次數(shù)，倍數(shù)”?？键c(diǎn)6：介詞單一介詞（即介詞表示某種具體的含義，如方向或時(shí)間，能夠根據(jù)上下文含義推理出來(lái)）動(dòng)詞、形容詞、介詞詞組中的固定搭配，例如：come/befrom，fallinlovewith……注意：介詞的判斷依據(jù)除了看有沒(méi)有詞組，還可以依靠橫線后的詞性，因?yàn)榻樵~后面只能接名詞性質(zhì)的詞，所以后面要么是名詞和代詞，要么是動(dòng)詞ing形式?！纠?】It’sgreattohearyou.I’llwritetoyousoon.解析：根據(jù)下文I’llwritetoyousoon.“我將很快寫信給你”可知考查固定短語(yǔ)hearfromsb.，意為“收到某人來(lái)信”。故填寫from?！纠?】Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingcommon.解析：根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)是,快樂(lè)和幸福是沒(méi)有共同點(diǎn)的”可知用介詞in。incommon意為“……相同”?？键c(diǎn)7：連詞考點(diǎn)根據(jù)詞性判斷（空格兩邊詞性或結(jié)構(gòu)一致，大概率是并列連詞；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句被逗號(hào)或橫線隔開(kāi)，左右兩邊結(jié)構(gòu)完整，有可能是連詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句）根據(jù)邏輯判斷（并列連詞都是有很強(qiáng)的邏輯性的，可以根據(jù)上下文的意思來(lái)判斷）第一看橫線前后的詞性結(jié)構(gòu)是否一致，如Itmakesussmartandhealthy。此時(shí)smart和healthy就屬于詞性結(jié)構(gòu)一致。第二看橫線前后是否有完整的主謂（賓）結(jié)構(gòu)，如Idon'tlikeherbecauseshesmokestoomuch。左邊主謂賓完整，右邊主謂完整。最后看邏輯關(guān)系，如果滿足第一或第二，只需要把平常?？嫉倪B詞代入去想就可以了?！具B詞總結(jié)】and（常與both組合出現(xiàn)），or（常與either組合出現(xiàn)），but（常與also組合出現(xiàn)，形成notonly…butalso…），nor（常與neither組合出現(xiàn)），because，so等注意：however是副詞，常用作連詞使用，出現(xiàn)的形式是單獨(dú)在句首，用逗號(hào)與后文隔開(kāi)：however，后句。也可能是放在中間，左右都用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)：前句，however，后句考點(diǎn)8：冠詞冠詞分類：定冠詞（the），不定冠詞（a/an），零冠詞（一般不考）[空格后面一定有名詞，或是被形容詞修飾的名詞。所以做題一定要注意往橫線后面一直看，看有沒(méi)有名詞出現(xiàn)。]定冠詞與不定冠詞的區(qū)分：the用于特指，第二次出現(xiàn)，形容詞最高級(jí)。a/an用于泛指，第一次出現(xiàn)，固定搭配。[根據(jù)元音音素來(lái)判斷用a還是an，【特殊例子特殊記】an+hour/honor/honesty；a+useful/university]3、固定詞組與搭配：takeawalk，haveafever中的a就是固定的，bytheway中the也是固定搭配【例1】It’sunluckydayforme.Ilostmynewbikethismorning.解析：此處表泛指，故用a或an。根據(jù)可數(shù)名詞day和空格后的形容詞unlucky音標(biāo)的第一個(gè)音素為元音音素，可知應(yīng)填寫冠詞an?！纠?】Whoistallestgirlinyourclass?解析：形容詞最高級(jí)tallest前用定冠詞the?？键c(diǎn)9：句子引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系詞等【?？嫉模簍hat/whether/if與各類疑問(wèn)詞等】【例1】Idon’tknowoftenyouseeyourparents.Onceaweekoronceamonth?解析：根據(jù)“Onceaweekoronceamonth?”可知詢問(wèn)頻率，應(yīng)用howoften。howoften意為“隔多久”,在此表示頻率。故填寫how?！纠?】citydoyoulikebetter,BeijingorShanghai?解析：根據(jù)其后的兩地比較可知填寫Which，意為“哪一個(gè)”?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】AIwanttotellyouwhatIdo1Friday.Frommorningtoafternoon,Iamverybusy.Igetupearlyinthemorningandhavebreakfastathome.ThenIgo2school.Ihavethefirstclassat8:00.It’smaths.Idon’tlikeitbecauseIthinkit’sboring(乏味的)3difficult.Buttheteachersaysit4(be)useful.SoIalwaystrytolearnit5(good).Thenat9:00,Ihavescience.It’sdifficultbutinteresting.At10:00,Ihavehistory.Afterthat,Ihave6artclassat11:00.It’seasyandfun.OnFridayafternoon,IhaveChinese.Itismyfavouritesubject.AndMrsWangismyfavouriteteacher.Sheisgreatfunand7(she)classisexciting(令人興奮的).ThelastclassisPE.InPEclass,Ilike8(play)footballwithmyclassmates.Theschoolfinishesat3:50.ThenIhaveadance9(lesson)fortwohours.Howaboutyourschoolday?Tellme10it.BAlicehasanicefamily.11(this)areherfamilymembers;hergrandfather,grandmother,father,motherandher.Alice’sparentsareteachers,buttheyaren’tin12sameschool.HerfatherisinPEPSchoolandhermotherisinSunshineSchool.Theylike13(play)sports.Theyalwaysplayping-ponginthemorning.14that,theyhavebreakfast.Alice’sgrandparentsdon’tneedtogotowork,sotheyalways15(watch)ping-ponggamesonTVathome.Theylikeping-pong,too.What16Alice?Doesshelikeping-pong?No,becauseshethinksit’sdifficult.17shelikestennis.Shesaysit’seasyfor18(she).AlicelikesChineseandmathsatschool.Shethinkstheyare19(use).TodayisAlice’sthirteenthbirthday.Herfamilybuyabirthdaycakeforher.Sheis20(real)happy.CHello!ThisisKate’sfamilyphoto.Shehasabigfamily.Therearefivepeople21thefamily.They22(be)Kate’sfather,mother,twin(雙胞胎的)23(brother)andher.Themaninblack24(be)herfather.HisnameisPaul,25thewomanishermother.26(she)nameisAnna.Sheis3627(year)old.Herfatherandmotherareteachers.28(this)twoboysareKate’sbrothers.TheyspeakEnglishwell.Theylookalmostthesame(幾乎一樣).29isthegirlinthephoto?It’sKate.Sheisthedaughterinthefamily.She30(like)herfamilyverymuch.一、完形填空每個(gè)人身邊或多或少都會(huì)有興趣不同的好朋友。來(lái)看看Anna和她朋友們的興趣吧。Annaisan11-year-oldgirl.Shelikesmusic,andshe1singverywell.Inherfreetime,sheoftensingsforherfriends.Thistermshe2theMusicClubinherschool.ShegoesthereeveryFridayafternoon.Therearemanystudentsintheclub.Theythinkmusiccan3themhappy.Anna4thinksso,andshewantstobeagreatsingeroneday.FrankandCindyareAnna’s5.Franklikesreadingandstorybooksarehisfavourite.Heoften6storiestohisclassmatesafterclass.Sometimes,healso7stories.Hisstoriesarereallyinteresting,8manyofhisclassmateslikethem.Cindyis9drawingandsheisintheArtClubinherschool.NextFriday,shewilldrawsomepicturesfortheschool10festival.Shewillbehappytoseeallthestudentslikeher11.Thesethreefriendsarevery12.Theyaregoodwithkids(小孩).Everyweekend,they13atthekidshome.Annausuallysingsfor14.Franktellsthemstories.AndCindyteachesthem15todrawwell.Allthekidstherelikethemverymuch.1．A．will B．would C．can D．need2．A．sees B．joins C．calls D．finds3．A．want B．think C．take D．make4．A．a(chǎn)lso B．exactly C．even D．still5．A．cousins B．teachers C．friends D．parents6．A．speaks B．talks C．tells D．says7．A．spells B．watches C．plays D．writes8．A．so B．but C．or D．then9．A．goodwith B．worriedabout C．goodfor D．goodat10．A．music B．a(chǎn)rt C．food D．sports11．A．games B．songs C．pictures D．stories12．A．nice B．right C．tall D．fun13．A．sleep B．help C．study D．play14．A．him B．you C．us D．them15．A．what B．how C．where D．when二、閱讀理解ABoysandgirls!Wehavefourclubsforyou.Welcometoourclubs!You’llhavegreatfun!SwimmingClubDay:MondayandFridayTime:5:00p.m.-7:00p.m.Place:theParkPrice:25yuan/amonthTel:463-7219EnglishClubDay:TuesdayandSundayTime:9:00a.m.-10:00a.m.,2:00p.m.-3:00p.m.Place:theOldFriendStreetPrice:15yuan/amonthTel:403-6872BasketballClubDay:ThursdayandSaturdayTime:4:00p.m.-6:00p.m.,8:00p.m.-10:00p.m.Place:theGymPrice:30yuan/amonthTel:433-5278MusicClubDay:SaturdayandSundayTime:2:00p.m.-4:00p.m.Place:theMusicHousePrice:35yuan/amonthTel:493-687216．WhatclubcanTomgotowith20yuan?A．Themusicclub. B．Theswimmingclub.C．Thebasketballclub. D．TheEnglishclub.17．WhencanJanegotoplaymusic?A．OnSundayafternoon. B．OnMondaymorning.C．OnThursdayafternoon. D．OnSaturdaymorning.18．Tomlikesbasketballandhewantstobehealthy.Wherecanhego?A．TothePark. B．TotheOldFriendStreet.C．TotheGym. D．TotheMusicHouse.BEverystudentwantstohaveagoodschoolday.Howcanwedothat?19.EverydayIgetupearly.AfterthatImakemybedtidyandclean.ThenIbrushmyteethandmakemyfaceclean.20.IfIhaveP.E.thatday,I’llwearmysportsclothesandshoes.BeforeIgotoschool,Iusuallyeatahealthybreakfastathome.21.Atschool,Ilistentomyteacherscarefully.I’llaskmyteachersandclassmatesforhelpifIdon’tunderstand.Ialsoliketomakefriends.Imakemanyfriendsatschool.22.23.Itakeawalkafterdinner.ThenIdomyhomework.AfterIfinishthehomework,Igototakeashower.FinallyIgotobedatabout9:30pm.Ifyouwanttochangehowhappyyouarewithyourschoollife,thenstartwithfocusingonhowtomakeday-to-daymomentsmoreenjoyableandmeaningful.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，其中有一項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。A．It’sagoodhabittoplaysportsB．Afterschool,IusuallywalkhomeC．It’simportanttowearrightclothesD．MyfavoritefoodisbreadandmilkE．IthinkmyschoollifecangiveyousomehelpF．Ialwaystalkwiththemorplaysportswiththemafterclass一、閱讀理解左欄是五位同學(xué)對(duì)自己的學(xué)校的描述，右欄是五所學(xué)校的介紹，請(qǐng)根據(jù)同學(xué)們的描述選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的學(xué)校。1Hello,everyone.Myname’sHelen.Thisismyschool.Therearefivebuildingsinmyschool.Thesciencebuildingismyfavourite.Ilikescienceverymuch.2Hi,I’mTony.Ilikemyschool.Therearemanytreesinit.Ilikemyclassroom,too.Thereisacomputeroneveryone’sdesk.AndonthewallisamapofEngland.3Welcometomyschool!I’mLinda.Thisismyclassroom.Thereisacomputerontheteacher’sdesk.Onthewallsaresomepicturesandamapoftheworld.4Hello,myname’sJack.MyparentsarefarmworkersandIgototheschoolontheirfarm.Thereisn’tanysportshallinit,butthereisabigplayground.Wecanplaymanysportsthere.

5Goodmorning,MrSmith.I’mCarla.Welcometomyclassroom.That’smydesk.Therearemanybooksoneveryone’sdesk.They’refromtheschoollibrary.A．What’stheclassroominGoldingtonSchoollike?Oh,therearemanybooksoneveryone’sdesk.Thestudentstherelikereading.Thebooksarefromtheschoollibrary.B．FerdownSchoolisforthechildren(孩子)offarmworkersonFendownLand.Childrenlovethebigplaygroundinit.Theydomanysportsthereafterschool.C．ThisisaphotoofGreenwaySchool,mydaughter’sschool.Ontheleftofthephotoisherclassroom.Thereisamapoftheworldandsomepicturesonthewalls.D．TherearefivebuildingsinLincroftSchool.Look!That’sthesciencebuildingwithtensciencelabs.Studentslikedoingexperiments(實(shí)驗(yàn))there.E.WestfieldSchoolisinthemiddleofthecity,buttherearemanytreesinit.Andtheclassroomsaregreat.Thereisacomputeroneveryone’sdesk.二、任務(wù)型閱讀閱讀下面短文，完成短文后的問(wèn)題。Lookatthemapofourneighborhood.Thebankisnexttomyhouse.Theschoolisnexttothebank.Therearealotofteachersandtheyhelpmelearnmanysubjects.Theyareveryfriendlytome.IfIwanttoreadbooksorsurftheInternet(上網(wǎng)沖浪),Icangotothelibrary.It’sonNo.3Street.WhenIgetsick(生病),thedoctorscangivemeahand.Whereisthehospital?Canyoufindit?It’sonNo.2Street.Thereisalsoabigsupermarketinourneighborhood.Icanbuyal