2019屆高考英語大一輪復習-第1部分-基礎知識考點-Unit-2-Heroes講義-北師大版必修

Ⅰ.高考單詞→識記·思考·運用1.核心詞匯①________adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的②________vt.涉及，參與③________n.記者，通訊員④________vi.揮手示意，致意⑤________vt.建立，創(chuàng)立⑥________n.意見，看法，主張⑦________n.斗爭，拼搏⑧________n.質量；品質⑨generousadj.慷慨的，大方的________adv.慷慨地，寬大地________n.慷慨，大方⑩violentadj.暴力的________adv.猛烈地________n.暴力?charactern.人物；性格________adj.典型的；特有的?explorevt.探測；勘探________n.探測；探究；探索?personaladj.個人的，私人的________adv.就自己而言?equaladj.平等的________adv.平等地________n.相等；平等?skilln.技巧________adv.熟練地________adj.靈巧的，熟練的?competevi.比賽，競爭________n.比賽________n.競爭者，對手________adj.競爭的；比賽的?amazevt.使驚異________adj.令人驚異的________adj.驚奇的，吃驚的?fortunen.運氣；財富；命運________adj.幸運的________adv.幸運地?promotevt.促進，提升________n.提升；晉升；推銷?injurevt.傷害；損害________n.傷害，損害________adj.受傷的reactvi.反應________n.反應disablevt.使殘疾，使不能________adj.殘疾的________n.殘疾confidentadj.自信的_______adv.自信地_______n.自信；信任

admirevt.欽佩，羨慕________n.欽佩，羨慕absoluteadj.絕對的________adv.當然；絕對地答案①calm

②involve③reporter

④wave

⑤found⑥opinion

⑦struggle

⑧quality⑨generously；generosity

⑩violently；violence

?characteristic

?exploration

?personally

?equally；equality

?skilfully；skilful?competition；competitor；competitive

?amazing；amazed

?fortunate；fortunately

?promotion?injury；injured

reactiondisabled；disability

confidently；confidence

admirationabsolutely2.?？荚~匯①violencen.________②astronautn.________③divorcevi.________④launchn.________⑤brilliantadj.________⑥atmospheren.________⑦helicoptern.________⑧revolutionn.________⑨commitvt.________⑩protestn.________答案①暴力；暴行②宇航員③離婚④發(fā)射⑤卓越的⑥大氣；氣氛

⑦直升機⑧革命

⑨犯(錯誤)，做(壞事)

⑩抗議

用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.Doingthesamesportsontheplaygroundgivesustheopportunity________(promote)ourfriendship.(2016·天津，書面表達)2.OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyour________(confident)inaforeignlanguage.(2016·天津，閱讀A)3.Learningtodealwiththesocialworldis________(equal)important.(2016·北京，閱讀D)4.Whatwashisfirst________(react)whenhesawaponyrollonitsback？(2015·湖北，閱讀A)5.Otherformsofparental________(involve)，includingvolunteeringatschoolandobservingachild’sclass，alsofailtohelp.(2015·陜西，閱讀D)6.________(fortunate)，Ididn’tgetanychannelsshowingall-nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.(2015·全國Ⅱ，閱讀A)7.________(personally)contactisbeneficialtothepromotionofunderstanding.8.Therewasalargecrowdinthesquare，________(protest)againstthewar.9.LiNaspeaksEnglishsowellthatherfriendsarefilledwith________(admire).10.Aftertenyearsof________(struggle)，thesingerfinallymadehismark.11.ThepicturesinwhichsomeJapanesesoldierswere________shootingtheChinesecivilianscalledupthe________oftheinvaders.(violent)12.What________memostwasthattheboyhadan________appetiteforAmericancountrymusic.(amaze)13.Astheyoungest________，Imustbe________tobethewinnerinthewritingcontest.(compete)14.StephenCurrywas________againinthegameandthe________seemedveryserious.(injure)15.Heisakindmanandhe________contributedalotofmoneytothevillageschoollastweek.His________isworthadmiring.(generous)16.Theillness________(disable)herandleftherunabletostudyandwork,shesufferedalotfromherdisability.答案1.topromote

2.confidence

3.equally

4.reaction

5.involvement6.Fortunately

7.Personal

8.protesting

9.admiration

10.struggling

11.violently；violence

12.amazed；amazing

13.competitor；competitive14.injured；injury

15.generously；generosity

16.disabled【聯想·積累】?以-ous結尾的高頻形容詞①glorious光榮的②dangerous危險的③mountainous多山的④humorous幽默的⑤continuous連續(xù)的⑥generous慷慨的，大方的?表“人物特點”的形容詞一覽①generous慷慨的②intelligent聰明的③devoted有獻身精神的④energetic有活力的⑤ambitious有雄心壯志的⑥creative富有創(chuàng)造力的⑦enthusiastic充滿熱情的?盤點與“環(huán)境”相關的高頻單詞①speciesn.物種②pollutionn.污染③atmospheren.大氣層④conservationn.(自然資源的)保護⑤resourcen.資源?“職場”風云①appointv.任命；委派②dismiss/firev.開除；解雇③interviewv.面試；采訪④resignv.辭職⑤applyv.申請⑥promotev.升職，晉升?聚焦-tion后綴名詞①determination決定；決心②application申請③association聯系；社團④celebration慶祝；慶祝會⑤civilization文明⑥consideration考慮；關心⑦expectation預料；期望⑧adaptation適應⑨admiration欽佩；贊賞?盤點-ful后綴形容詞①hopeful充滿希望的②grateful感激的③colorful多彩的④powerful強大的⑤successful成功的⑥merciful仁慈的⑦skillful靈巧的開心詞場→核心單詞串記Asacalmandconfidentathlete，Jackhasastrongcharacterandagoodquality.What’smore，heisalwaysgettingonwellwithhisteammatesandinstructors.Hehasgotinvolvedwithmanyimportanteventsandmadebrilliant

achievements.Inhisopinion，theopportunityinfrontofeveryoneisequal.Having

struggledformanyyearsonhisown，hebecameveryrich.He

generouslydonatedalotofmoneytothedisabled.I

admiredhimforhisgenerosity.Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思考·運用1.動詞＋介詞/副詞①give________放棄②pull________渡過難關；康復③lift________發(fā)射，起飛，升空④let________解脫；放出去，發(fā)出；泄露⑤get________融洽相處；進展⑥compete________與……競爭答案①up

②through

③off④out

⑤on

⑥against2.動詞＋介詞＋名詞/代詞①come________it別胡扯②come________anend結束答案①off

②to3.介詞短語①________myopinion在我看來②________one’sown單獨地，獨立地；靠自己③________thecourseof在……的過程中答案①in

②on

③in4.其他形式①millions________數百萬②come________dosomething開始(認識、理解)③________suicide自殺④far________太……，極為……⑤getinvolved________給……纏住答案①of

②to

③commit④too

⑤with用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空1.____________，on-linevotingisaninseparablepartofmodernlifeandshouldbewelcomed.(2016·江蘇，書面表達)2.Thedoctormanagedtopersuademyuncleto____________smokingsohishealthisalotbetternow.3.I’mnotgoingtobuyit;foronethingIdon’tlikethecolour，andforanotherit’s____________expensive.4.Aliceisgoingto____________heroldfriendinthesecondround.5.Themeeting____________atlastbuttheyreachednoagreementsatall.6.You’dbetternot____________herbecausesheisalwaystellinglies.7.Thedoctorsdideverythingtheycouldto____________thepatient.8.Heisn’tgoodattalkingbuthe____________wellwithotherpeople.答案1.Inmyopinion

2.giveup

3.fartoo

4.competeagainst5.cametoanend

6.getinvolvedwith7.pullthrough

8.getson【聯想·積累】?“依我看”表達種種①inmyview/opinion②asfarasIknow③accordingtome④asfarasI’mconcerned⑤personallyspeaking⑥frommypointofview?get的高頻短語①getacross講清楚；(使)被領會②getaround四處走動(旅行)；(消息等)傳播③getdownto開始認真(做某事)(to為介詞)④getthrough通過；完成；接通(電話)⑤getawaywith僥幸逃脫⑥getinvolvedwith參加，參與Ⅲ.經典句式→識記·思考·運用原句背誦感悟1.Weweredrivingalongacountrylanewhensuddenlyacardrovepastus.2.Jenniferwasinthekitchen，withherhandsinabowlofflour，whenshesawasmallboyclimbintoatruck.詹妮弗在廚房里，雙手在面粉碗里，這時她看到一個小男孩爬進了一輛卡車。我們正在一個鄉(xiāng)村車道上行駛，正在那時突然有一輛轎車超過我們。3.Brandi，thesisters’mother，taughtherdaughtersathomesothattheycompletedtheirhighschoolwhiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers.4.GivemeachallengeandI’llmeetitwithjoy.布蘭迪，這對姐妹的母親，在家里教她的女兒們，使得她們在培養(yǎng)網球能力的同時也完成了高中學業(yè)。給我一個挑戰(zhàn)，我會欣然接受。句型公式仿寫1.bedoing...when...“正在做……這時/那時……”2.with復合結構作狀語3.狀語從句的省略I________________TV________someoneknockedatthedoor.我正在看電視，這時有人敲門。Twentyminuteslater，heleft________________.20分鐘之后，

他眼里含著淚離開了。________________herfirsttraveltoRio，FuYuanhuibecameveryexcited.當談到她的首次里約之旅時，傅園慧顯得很激動。4.祈使句＋and＋陳述句________________andIwillletyougo.如果把你所有的錢給我，我就讓你去。答案1.waswatching；when

2.withtearsinhiseyes

3.Whenreferringto/talkingabout

4.Givemeallyourmoney【聯想·積累】?狀語從句常用省略原則當時間或條件狀語等從句中的主語同主句主語一致或主語是it，且從句含有動詞be時，可以省略狀語從句中的主語與動詞be。?教你一招①“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”或“名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句”

在這里祈使句相當于if引導的條件狀語從句(但此時去掉and)。②“祈使句＋or＋陳述句”or表示“否則”、“要不然的話”，or可用orelse或otherwise替換，

從反面來預測結果。[單

詞

點

睛]1.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的v.使平靜下來；(使)鎮(zhèn)靜下來

高考必備詞匯——精講精練

[高考佳句]Inmyopinion，suchwonderfulthingswillcalmyoudowneasilyandgiveyouthecouragetomoveon.(2014·安徽，書面表達)在我看來，這么好的事情會讓你很容易平靜下來并且會給你繼續(xù)前進的勇氣。(1)be/keep/stay/remaincalm冷靜；保持鎮(zhèn)靜(2)calmoneself使自己鎮(zhèn)靜下來calmdown平息，使平靜；平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)靜下來單句語法填空①Asisknowntousall，itisimportant________(keep)calminanemergency.【辨析比較】

calm/silent/quiet/stillcalm“鎮(zhèn)靜的，平靜的”，主要指人“沉著鎮(zhèn)定”，也指自然界“無風無浪”silent主要指人“沉默的，不出聲的”，但不一定無活動quiet“安靜的，寧靜的”，指人時表示生性安靜，不易激動；用于自然環(huán)境時，指沒有干擾活動、沒有喧鬧聲的寂靜狀態(tài)still“安靜的，不動的”，不指心理狀態(tài)，指環(huán)境和人“靜的，靜止的”狀態(tài)選用以上詞語完成片段②Whenfacingdanger，oneshouldkeep________；whentakenphotos，oneshouldkeep________；whensomeoneelseisasleep，oneshouldkeep________；inclass，oneshouldn’tkeep________abouttheteacher’squestions.答案①tokeep

②calm；still；quiet；silent2.equaladj.相等的；平等的；勝任的

vt.等于；抵得上[高考佳句]Infact，whenitcomestotheartofwar，antshavenoequal.(2015·安徽，閱讀D)實際上，當談到戰(zhàn)爭的藝術時，螞蟻無與倫比。(1)beequaltosth/doingsth等于/勝任做某事AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵withoutequal＝havenoequal無與倫比(2)equalityn.平等equallyadv.相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作運用①YaoMingisabasketballplayer________equalinChina.②Menandwomenmustbetreatedequalineducationandemployment.(2014·陜西，單詞拼寫)③Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports，andpayattentiontomentalhealthwhich____________physicalhealth.(2014·江西，書面表達)我們要積極參加各種各樣的體育活動，注意身心健康同等重要。答案①without

②equal→equally

③isequalto【巧學助記】3.strugglevi.搏斗，奮斗；努力

n.斗爭，拼搏；難事[高考佳句]Becauseacollegecommunity(群體)differsfromthefamily，manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.(2016·北京，閱讀D)因為大學不同于家庭，很多學生努力找到一種歸屬感。(1)strugglefor...為……而斗爭struggleagainst/with...與……作斗爭struggletodosth掙扎著/努力/拼命地做某事struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來(2)Itisastruggleforsbtodosth對某人來說做某事很難/費力單句語法填空/單句改錯①Theyhadtostruggle________theirlives________weatherandwildanimals.②WhydoAmericansstrugglewith________(watch)theirweight，whiletheFrench，whoconsumerichfood，continuetostaythin?(2014·陜西，閱讀C)③Shestruggledtoherfootandcontinuedwalking.答案①for；against

②watching

③foot→feet4.competevi.比賽；競爭；對抗[教材原句]Hehasalwaysbeenverystrictwithhisdaughters，trainingthemhardtocompeteagainsteachother.他一直都嚴格要求他的女兒們，努力地訓練她們去互相競爭。(1)competefor...為……而競爭competewith/against...與……競爭competein...在……方面競爭(2)competitionn.競爭，競賽competitorn.參賽者；對手competitiveadj.競爭性的單句語法填空/寫作運用①Astheyoungestcompetitor，Ihadtocompete________thewritingcontest________20othertopstudents________theannualwritingaward.Imustbeverycompetitivetobethewinner.作為最年輕的比賽者,我必須和另外20個頂尖的學生在寫作比賽中競爭來爭奪年度寫作獎。要成為獲勝者我必須有很強的競爭力。②Wecan________________indebatecontestsorspeechcontests.(2014·天津，書面表達)我們可以和來自其他大學的學生在辯論比賽或演講比賽中競爭。答案①in；against/with；for②competewithstudentsfromotheruniversities5.promotevt.促進，提升[教材原句]Healsoraisedalotofmoneytopromotemedicalresearchintobackinjuries.他募捐了大量的錢財來促進背部傷痛的醫(yī)學研究。(1)promotesthassth把……提升為……promote...(from...)to...把……(從……)提升到……(2)promotern.發(fā)起者，贊助者promotionn.提升；提拔；晉升；促進，推銷單句語法填空①ManyplacesofLondonhavebeenpromoted________touristspotsbecauseoftheLondonOlympics.②Sheworkedhardandwassoonpromoted________asaleswoman________amanager.答案①as

②from；to6.involvevt.涉及；參與[教材原句]ThisishowIgotinvolvedwithmycharityworktoimprovethequalityoflifeforalldisabledpeople.這就是我如何參與慈善活動，改善殘疾人生活質量的情況。(1)be/getinvolvedin卷入；專注于involve...in...使……卷入……；使……專注于……(2)involvedoingsth(＝includedoingsth)包括做某事(3)involvementn.參與；加入；沉迷單句語法填空/寫作運用①Theyweresodeeply________(involve)inthematterthattheyfoundithardtopullout.②Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolves________(spend)quitealotoftimewithstudents.③Studentsshould____________communityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.(2014·福建，31)學生應該參與社區(qū)活動，他們能從活動中獲取成長的經驗。答案①involved

②spending

③involvethemselvesin【名師指津】involvedadj.作前置定語時，意為“復雜的”；作后置定語時，意為“涉及的”。如：aninvolvedsentence一個復雜的句子；thepeopleinvolved所涉及的人。1.charactern.角色；人物；品質；特點；漢字?？急貢~匯——理解辨認[高考佳句]Actually，childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.(2015·廣東，閱讀C)事實上，孩子們早期通過電視節(jié)目了解人物的心理。寫出下列句中character的含義①Herhusbandwasamanofgoodcharacter，welllikedandrespectedbyhiscolleagues.②Thefilmisautobiographical(自傳體的)andtheleadingcharacterisplayedbyZhangYimouhimself.③NowadaysmanyforeignerslovetostudyChinesecharactersinChina.④Itiswhatparentssayanddothatreallymattersinchildren’scharactertraining.⑤Thedirectoraddedafewcharactersandchangedsomenamesinthismoviebutthisisatruestory.答案①品質②角色③漢字④性格，品格

⑤人物2.amazingadj.令人驚異的[教材原句]Thesisters’roadtosuccesshasbeenamazing.兩姐妹的成功之路令人驚異。單句語法填空/寫作運用①Wewereamazed________(learn)thatshehadleftthehospital$18million.②________amazedmewasthattheoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.＝____________，theoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.＝____________thattheoldmandevotedallhismoneytosupportingthelocalschool.讓我驚訝的是，這位老人把他所有的錢都用來資助當地學校。答案①tolearn

②What；Tomyamazement；Itamazedme[聯想發(fā)散]可用于“toone’s＋n.”結構的抽象名詞還有：delight，surprise，satisfaction，astonishment，disappointment等。[短

語

點

撥]1.cometodosomething開始(認識、理解)[教材原句]Fourdaysaftertheinjury，Icametounderstandmysituation.受傷四天后，我開始意識到自己的處境。單句語法填空/寫作運用①Whenhecameto________(him)，hefoundhimselflyinginbed.②Theydon’tacceptanyfoolishnesswhen____________money.在花錢的問題上，他們向來很謹慎。答案①himself

②itcomestospending2.pullthrough使從(受傷)中活下來；渡過難關；康復[教材原句]ThedoctorsaidIwasnotgoingtopullthrough.醫(yī)生說我無法康復了。pullover向路邊?？縫ulldown拉下；拆毀；摧毀；推翻pullout拔掉；離開；(火車)離站pullin(to)到站；(火車)進站pullup停車；停止單句語法填空①Theanchorwasraisedandtheshippulled________.②Wesoonpull________bythehouse.③Wordcamethattheoldbuildingsinthisareawouldbepulled________tobuildupanamusementpark.答案①out

②up

③down3.geton/along融洽相處，進展(常與with搭配)[教材原句]UnderstandinghiswifehelpsChristophergetonwellwithher.了解妻子有助于克里斯多夫與她更好地相處。(1)getalong/on(well/nicely)withsb與某人相處得(好)getalong/on(well/nicely/smoothly)withsth某事進展得(好/順利)(2)getacross講清楚；(使)被領會getawaywith僥幸逃脫，逃避……責任/罪責getthrough渡過(艱難等)；完成；接通(電話)單句語法填空/寫作運用①Yourthesiswouldn’tget________ifyouusedtoomanytechnicaltermsinit.②Don’tthinkyoucangetaway________tellinglies.③Didyouhavetoget________anentranceexamination?④Inaddition，everystudentcanbeinharmonywithforeignfriends，whichmakesiteasyforyou_____