2019屆云南省中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-第2部分-語法專題復(fù)習(xí)-語法十一-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)講義

云南語法十一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)考點(diǎn)一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或表示客觀真理。常與often,usually,always等時(shí)間狀語連用。Sheoftenworksonweekends.她經(jīng)常在周末工作。Therearefourseasonsinayear.一年有四季。2．一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)為was,were；實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)為動(dòng)詞的過去式。常與justnow,yesterday,lastweek,ago等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。Whodidyouseeatthemeetingyesterday？你在昨天的會(huì)議上看見了誰？★必背句式①一般過去時(shí)＋一段時(shí)間＋ago②Itis＋一段時(shí)間＋since＋一般過去時(shí)③過去進(jìn)行時(shí)＋when＋一般過去時(shí)④過去完成時(shí)＋when＋一般過去時(shí)3．一般將來時(shí)由“shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，shall用于第一人稱，will用于各種人稱；此外還有“begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。常與tomorrow,nextweek等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。HewillvisitScotlandnextweek.他下周要去蘇格蘭旅游。Iamgoingtostayforaweek.我打算待一個(gè)星期。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.看那烏云，要下雨了?！颾egoingtodo表示將來時(shí)，指事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算或有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“am/is/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now,look,listen等標(biāo)志詞。Look!Abirdisflyinginthesky.看！一只鳥在天上飛。Sheisteachingatanightschoolnow.目前她在一所夜校教學(xué)。5．過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某一時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情或過去某段時(shí)間一直在做的事情。常與thistimeyesterday,“when＋過去動(dòng)作”等時(shí)間狀語連用。ShewaswatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候她正在看電視。Theywerewaitingforyoulastnight.昨晚他們一直在等你。6．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have/has＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。標(biāo)志詞有since,for,already,yet,sofar等。IhavelivedinBeijingsince10yearsago.自從10年前我就一直在北京居住。Theyhavelostthematch.他們已經(jīng)輸了比賽?！锂?dāng)句中有“Howlong...？/since.../for...”等時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，句中動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換如下：buy→have

borrow→keep

leave→beawayfromdie→bedead become→be cometo→beinbegin→beon stop→beoveropen/close→beopen/closedleave＋地點(diǎn)→beawayfrom＋地點(diǎn)join→bein/amemberof1．(2018·江西贛州聯(lián)盟考試)—Where'syourbrother,Tim?IwanttoborrowhisiPad.—He

hiscarinthegarden.Youcanfindhimthere.

A．willwash B．washesC．iswashing D．haswashed2．(2018·江西宜春4月模擬)—HowdoyoulikeHarry

Potter?—It'ssointerestingthatI

allthesevenworkstwice.A．a(chǎn)mreading B．readC．haveread D．hadread3．(2018·安徽合肥九年級(jí)第二次月考)Wewonderifourteachers

toourgraduatingpartynextweekend.Ifthey

，wewillbeveryhappy.A．willcome;willcome B．willcome;comeC．come;willcome D．come;come4．(2018·安徽合肥長豐預(yù)測)It'snoisyintheclassroombecausethestudents

foranEnglishevening.A．a(chǎn)repreparing B．waspreparingC．willprepare D．haveprepared5．(2018·江蘇南京中考)—We

toYunBrocadeMuseumwiththeexchangestudentsthiscomingsummerholiday.—That'samazing!A．went B．goC．havegone D．willgo6．(2018·湖北黃岡中考)—Yournewwatchissonice!Whendidyoubuyit?—InApril.I

itfortwomonths.A．havehad B．hadC．havebought D．bought7．(2018·新疆烏魯木齊中考)Johntoldhislittledaughtertheearth

fromthewesttotheeast.A．moved B．movingC．moves D．move8．(2018·安徽中考)Beforethesun

，weneedtogettothetopofthemountain.A．set B．setsC．issetting D．willset9．(2018·甘肅白銀中考)She

anEnglishmagazinewhenIcamein.A．reads B．hadreadC．willread D．wasreading10．(2018·江蘇鹽城中考)—I

mycard.Iwanttoreportit.—Youcancallthebanktoreporttheloss.Itwouldbefaster.A．lose B．waslosingC．willlose D．havelost11．(2018·天津中考)—Jerry,haveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?—Yes.I

therewithmyparentslastyear.A．go B．wentC．willgo D．havegone考點(diǎn)二被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(am/is/aredone)ThismachineismadeinChina.這臺(tái)機(jī)器是中國制造的。2．一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(was/weredone)Thewindowsinourclassroomwerebrokenyesterday.昨天我們教室的窗戶被打碎了。3．一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(will/shallbedone)Ithinkthedeskswillberepairedsoon.我想這些課桌很快要被修好了。4．含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(can/may/must/shouldbedone)Wherecanthelostbookbefound？這本丟失的書能在哪里找到？Whomightbeelectedmonitorinourclass？我們班誰可能被選為班長？1．(2018·安徽合肥巢湖二模)—People,especiallytheyoung,

bytheirfriends.—That'strue.Friendsplayanimportantpartineveryone'slife.A．easilyinfluencesB．easilyinfluencedC．a(chǎn)reeasilyinfluencedD．willbeeasilyinfluenced2．(2018·湖北襄陽中考)—TheForum(論壇)onChina-AfricaCooperationMeetingwilltakeplaceinBeijingthisyear.—Yes.Ihearthousandsofguests

tothemeetingthen.A．willbeinvited B．willinviteC．a(chǎn)reinvited D．invite3．(2018·四川達(dá)州中考)—Finalexamiscoming,Tom.Don'twatchTVfortoolong.—I'mnotachildanymore.I

whattodo.A．shouldalwaysbetoldB．shouldalwaystellC．shouldn'talwaysbetoldD．shouldn'talwaystell4．(2018·四川南充中考)—Whataterriblerainstormitwaslastnight!—Yes,manyoldtreesandhouses

．A．pulldown B．werepullingdownC．werepulleddown D．pulleddown5．(2018·北京中考)Anewinternationalairport

inthecitynextyear.A．complete