2019屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)-寫(xiě)作技法點(diǎn)撥系列1-學(xué)好五種基本句型-搞定簡(jiǎn)單句講義-外研版

寫(xiě)作技法點(diǎn)撥系列一、學(xué)好五種基本句型,搞定簡(jiǎn)單句【核心點(diǎn)撥】文章由句子組成,寫(xiě)好句子是寫(xiě)作的基礎(chǔ)。英語(yǔ)句子看上去紛繁龐雜,但不外乎五種基本句式。這五種基本句式可以演變出多種復(fù)雜的英語(yǔ)句子。1.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)(S+V+P)(1)此句型是英語(yǔ)中最基本的句型之一。例如:Englishisveryuseful.(2)除了系動(dòng)詞be外,還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞,如表感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等;表轉(zhuǎn)變或變化的動(dòng)詞become,get,grow,turn,go等;表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞remain,keep,seem,hold,stay等;表瞬時(shí)的動(dòng)詞come,fall,set,cut,occur等。(3)在這個(gè)句型中,表語(yǔ)可以是形容詞、名詞、代詞、分詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或個(gè)別副詞等。例如:Nowadays,after-classactivitiesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularinhighschools.(表語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞)(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.(表語(yǔ)為形容詞)(2016·江蘇高考)Shewasjustanaveragehighschoolathlete.(表語(yǔ)為名詞)Mydreamistostudyabroad.(表語(yǔ)為不定式)2.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞(S+Vi)在這一句型中,謂語(yǔ)是不及物動(dòng)詞,所以其后不接賓語(yǔ)。但可以接副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞、從句等作狀語(yǔ)。例如:(2016·北京高考)Icouldworkalone.(2016·江蘇高考)ShegrewupinoneofJamaica’stoughestinner-citycommunitiesknownasWaterhouse.(2016·浙江高考)Dayslatertheunthinkablehappened.3.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)(S+Vt+O)在這一句型中,謂語(yǔ)是及物動(dòng)詞,其后接賓語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)的可以為:名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句等。例如:(2016·浙江高考)Mommyactuallydoesn’tlikeDovechocolate.(賓語(yǔ)為名詞)(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.(賓語(yǔ)為代詞)(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Ididn’tknowwhatmyNewYorkfriendswerethinking.(賓語(yǔ)為從句)(2016·天津高考)Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitiseithertooboringortoodifficult.(賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞)4.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)(S+Vt+IO+DO)在這一句型中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(或由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ))不僅是及物動(dòng)詞,而且還要接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ),即一個(gè)指人的間接賓語(yǔ),一個(gè)指物的直接賓語(yǔ)。通常間接賓語(yǔ)在前,直接賓語(yǔ)在后。例如:(2016·北京高考)Icanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.5.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(S+Vt+O+C)此結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)后需跟上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)意思才完整,賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。能夠作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、帶to和不帶to的不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞等。例如:(2016·北京高考)Wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.(形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(2016·天津高考)Everymanwantshissontobesomewhatofaclone,notinfeaturesbutinfootsteps.(不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】1.用下面所給的動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ),按要求完成下面句子★leave①They________(將離開(kāi))tomorrow.(主謂)②Theboy_______________(把書(shū)落在這里)yesterday.(主謂賓)willleavelefthisbookhere③Tomalways____________________________(做不完作業(yè))atnight.(主謂賓賓補(bǔ))④Hisgrandfather____________________(留給兒子一所大房子)afterhisdeath.(主謂間賓直賓)leaveshishomeworkunfinishedlefthissonabighouse★

write⑤We______________(用鋼筆寫(xiě)字).(主謂)⑥Sheoften____________(寫(xiě)報(bào)告)foranewspaper.(主謂賓)⑦She_______________(給我寫(xiě)信)lastweek.(主謂間賓直賓)writewithpenswritesreportwrotemealetter2.按要求完成句子①Shegavemehertelephonenumber.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)→Shegave___________________to___.②I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)→I’llmakesomefreshtea___you.hertelephonenumbermefor③Idon’tknowwhattodo.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)→Idon’tknow_______________.④請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我解釋一下。Permitme_________.⑤我看見(jiàn)她正在跑步