高中英語《必修第三冊》課后習題第五單元測評

第五單元測評(時間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。M:Peterwon’tgotothepartybecausehehastowork.W:JohnhastostudyandSuecaughtacold,sotheywon’tcome,either.1.Whyisn’tPetercomingtotheparty?A.Hehastostudy.B.Hehastowork.C.Hehascaughtacold.答案BW:Wouldyoupleasetellmehowtochooseacoursehere?M:Justgivethemmoneyafterfillingintheform,andthenleaveyourforminRoom203.2.Whatshouldthemandofirsttochooseacourse?A.Payforit.B.Fillinaform.C.GotoRoom203.答案BM:Hello,Linda.Howwonderfultoseeyouhere!Didyouhaveagoodflight?W:Yes,verysmoothandenjoyable.Thankyou.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Inapark.C.Attheairport.答案CM:Whydoyouneedallthatmoney?W:Well,I’mmeetingPeter.Wearegoingtogoskiing,andthismoneywillhelppayforthetrip.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Goskiing.B.Planttrees.C.Attendameeting.答案AM:Icalledyouyesterday,butnoonewasathome.W:Oh,myhusbandhasgoneoutonbusiness.Mysondidn’tfeelwell,soItookhimtohospital.5.Whosawadoctoryesterday?A.Theman.B.Thewoman’sson.C.Thewoman’shusband.答案B第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。W:Thankyouforagreeingtothisinterview.M:Well,I’malwayshappytotalktopeopleandanswerquestions.W:That’sverynicetohear.Peoplearecallingyoutheworld’shealthiestman.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthat?M:Idon’tthinkI’mthehealthiestmanintheworld,butIdotakemyhealthseriously.Iexerciseeveryday.W:Youcertainlylookgreat!M:Thanks.Betterthanthat,though,Ifeelgreat.Exercisemakesmehappy,keepsmystressleveldown,andgivesmeallsortsofenergyformyworkandfamily.W:Doyouhaveanyspecialwordsfortheaudience?M:Yes.Startexercisingtoday,andstartlivingabetterlife.6.Whoisthewoman?A.Aninterviewer.B.Aguestinthegym.C.Anaudiencemember.答案A7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heexercisestwiceaweek.B.Hehasalotofstressfromwork.C.Hebenefitsalotfromexercising.答案C聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。M:OK.Ihavethecontractreadyforyoutosign,MsGold.W:Fine.BeforeIsignit,canyoureviewtheagreementwithme?M:Sure.ThecontractstatesthatyouwillprovideShaleCorporationwiththerightstodrillforoilonyourlandforthenextfivemonths.Inexchange,youwillreceive$1,000perday.Ifwefindenoughoiltocontinuedrillingforlonger,wecanextendthecontractfortwomoremonthsfromthedateofourdiscovery.W:Youalsosaidthatifwefindtheextraoil,Iwillreceive$1,200perdayifIagreetoextendthecontract.Right?M:Idon’tremembertheexactnumberthatwediscussed.Wasn’tit$1,100perday?W:Iwant$1,200perdayfortheadditionaldrilling,orIwon’tsignitatall!8.Whatisinthewoman’sland?A.Oil.B.Gold.C.Gas.答案A9.Howmuchwillthewomanreceiveforthefirstfivemonths?A.$1,000perday.B.$1,100perday.C.$1,200perday.答案A10.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Buyingsomething.B.Talkingaboutland.C.Signingacontract.答案C聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。W:Doyouhaveanytimethisafternoon,Dave?Ineedhelpwithmyessaythat’sduetomorrow.It’salmosttheendoftheterm,andthispapercountsforhalfofmygrade.M:Sure.Whatdoyouneedhelpwith?W:Well,Idon’tknowhowtowritethelastpartofmypaper.M:Youmeanaconclusion?W:Yeah.I’vebeenworkingonitforacoupleofdays.Itjustseemslikeit’ssupposedtomentioneverythingIjustwroteabout.M:Well,that’strue.Butyoualsoneedtogiveyourreaderssomethingtheywillremember.W:Butifyoureadmypaper,shouldn’tyouknowwhatmythoughtsare?M:Yes,butaconclusionhelpsyourreadersunderstandwhatismostimportant.W:WillyoureadwhatIhavesofarandtellmeifI’montherighttrack?M:Sure.11.Whendoesthewomanhavetohandinheressay?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrow.C.Inacoupleofdays.答案B12.Whatisthewomanhavingtroublewith?A.Endingherpaper.B.Startingheressay.C.Givingmorethoughts.答案A13.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Bycorrectinghermistakes.B.Byshowinghersomeexamples.C.Byreadingwhatshehaswritten.答案C聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。M:MissTodd,couldIspeakwithyou?W:Sure.Comein.M:I’mherebecauseIwanttochangeroommates.W:Really?Thatsurprisesme.IthoughtthatyouandDavidweregoodfriends.M:Wewere.Wekneweachotherbefore.Wearefromthesametown,butitlookslikewehaddifferentreasonsforcomingtocollege.W:Howso?M:Well,Davidisreallyintohavingfun.That’sgreat.ButhehassomanypeopleinourroomallthetimethatIcan’tstudy.Andtheradioisonconstantly.W:Haveyoutalkedtohimaboutthat?M:Yes,buthejustdoesn’ttakemeseriously.W:Isee.Hereiswhatwecando.LetmetalktoDavid,andthenyouseehowitgoes.Justoneweek.M:But,MissTodd...W:Ifyoustillhaveaproblemattheendoftheweek,Iwillletyouchangearoom.ComebacktoseemenextMonday.14.Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A.Hisroommateistoonoisy.B.Hisroommateishisgoodfriend.C.Hisroommateisintohavingfun.答案A15.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.TalktoDavid.B.Changehisroom.C.TeachDavidalesson.答案B16.Whoisthewoman?A.David’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Theman’steacher.答案C17.Whendoestheconversationmostlytakeplace?A.OnSunday. B.OnMonday. C.OnThursday.答案B聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。Goodevening,welcometothestudents’union.I’mgoingtotellyouaboutsomeoftheclubsthatyoucanjoin.OK,let’sbegin.Notsurprisingly,therearethelong-establishedclubsthatyoucanfindatanyuniversity,liketheFootballClubortheDramaClub,alongwithawholerangeoflessusualclubs,theRockClub,forexample.WedohaveaRockClimbingClubhere,buttheRockClubhasnothingtodowithoutdooractivities—it’samusicclub.ThattakesmedirectlyontotheMountaineeringClub.TheymeetonTuesdaysandThursdays.AnotherclubyoumightliketotryistheDanceClub.TheymeetregularlyeveryFriday.Thistermthey’rerunningSpanishdancingclasses,nexttermit’sIndiandancingandinthesummerit’llbeScottishdancing.Ihaven’tcoveredeverythinginthisshortintroduction,butIhopeI’vegivenyouanideaofwhat’sonofferhere.18.Whichofthefollowingisthelong-establishedclub?A.TheFootballClub.B.ARockClimbingClub.C.TheMountaineeringClub.答案A19.WhendothemembersoftheDanceClubmeet?A.EveryTuesday.B.EveryThursday.C.EveryFriday.答案C20.WhatistheDanceClubrunningthisterm?A.Spanishdancingclasses.B.Indiandancingclasses.C.Scottishdancingclasses.答案A第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AYoumaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople,buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches,inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgottenexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration(靈感).MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustinAndnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps...Youmustalsocommittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou’vebeenblessed(賜予)withandgo.J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversityHalfmylifetimeago,Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich...ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure,youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.SteveJobs,StanfordUniversitySometimeslife’sgoingtohityouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith...Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork,andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplookinganddon’tsettle.BillGates,HarvardUniversityWeneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments,butforuniversities,smallerorganizations,andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了喬布斯等名人的畢業(yè)演講,有些名人講述了他們難忘的經歷,有些則講述了人生的啟示。21.WhatMichaelDellsaidistoencourageusto.

A.listentoourheartB.runafterourdreamsC.followothers’exampleD.learnfromourmistakes答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據MichaelDell,UniversityofTexasatAustin部分中的“Andnowyou’veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere,andit’stimeforyoutomoveontowhat’snext.”可知,完成了重要的學業(yè),下一步就是去實現夢想了。MichaelDell想敦促大家去追求夢想,故選B項。22.WhatdidJ.K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity?A.Failure. B.Hunger.C.Poverty. D.Appearance.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據J.K.Rowling,HarvardUniversity部分中“ButwhatIfearedmostofmyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty,butfailure.”可知,J.K.Rowling最害怕的不是貧窮而是失敗,故選A項。23.WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledo?A.Masterasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.B.Makecontributionstotheenvironment.C.Worktogethertosolvesomeglobalproblems.D.Takeresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據BillGates,HarvardUniversity部分中的“andevenindividualstoseeproblems,seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld’sinequities(不公平)likehunger,poverty,andsoon.”可知,BillGates建議人們去處理一些全球性的問題,故選C項。B(2021·福建莆田一中高一期中)AroundthistimeofyearwhentheweathergetscoolerinArkansas,therearealotofhomelesspeople,aswellaspeoplewithdifferentsituationswhojustneedhelp.Oftentimesourfamilyservesatasoupkitchenwheretheygiveoutbagsoffoodtoneedyfamiliesinourarea.Andwe’llhelpputthosebagsoffoodtogetherandhandthemout,amongotherthings.Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.Mygrandfatherdiedwhenmyfatherwas4yearsoldandmygrandmotherhadfourkidsallundertheageof5,allbornprettyclosetogether.Thatwasatimewhenthingsweresobadinthecountry.Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.MydadsaidheneverforgotthelocalcharitywouldbringthekidsagiftforChristmas.Thekidsworkedhardinthechildren’shomeandtheonlypresenttheygotwasfromthelocalcharity.Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.Iwastheseventhbabyinmyfamilyandmymotherhadmejustaftersheturned40.Shewasoneofthosehigh-riskpregnancymoms,andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在施粥處幫忙的原因。24.Whydoestheauthorconsiderservingthecommunityimportant?A.Hisfatherledahardlifeinhischildhood.B.Hewasinspiredbyhisfather’slifeexperiences.C.Hewasgratefulforwhathisfatherhaddoneforhim.D.Hisfatherworkedhardandtookgoodcareofthefamily.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“Therearealotofreasonswhyservingthecommunityisimportanttome,butoneofthemhastodowithmyfather.”可知,作者認為為社區(qū)服務很重要,因為他受到了他父親的生活經歷的啟發(fā)。故選B項。25.Whydidtheauthor’sgrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shome?A.Thefamilyhadtoomanychildren.B.Thekidswereborntooclosetogether.C.Itprovidedfoodforthekidstosurvive.D.Thekidscouldleadaverycomfortablelifethere.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Therewasn’tworkandoftenthefamilyhardlymadeendsmeet,somygrandmotherputthekidsinachildren’shomesothattheycouldatleasthavefoodtosurvive.”可知,作者的祖母把孩子們送到兒童之家,因為它為孩子們提供了生存所需的食物。故選C項。26.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sfather?A.Kindandcreative.B.Strictandhelpful.C.Devotedandpatient.D.Gratefulandhardworking.答案D解析判斷推理題。根據第四段中的“Heneverforgotthiskindnessandalwaysappreciatedthelocalcharityforwhatitdidwhenhewasalittleboy.”和第五段第一句“Mydadwassuchahardworkingworker-familymeanttheworldtohim.”可知,作者的父親是一個懂得感恩和勤奮的人。故選D項。27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Fathermeanttheworldtothefamily.B.Theauthorhopeshiskidslearntobegrateful.C.ThekidsreceivedChristmasgiftsfromtheirparents.D.Theauthor’sfamilyopensasoupkitchentoofferhelp.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段句子“...andI’msogratefulshehadme.Mymomanddadmadeahappyhomeforus,andI’msogratefulforthat.Ihopemychildrenarecatchingthoselessons,notjustfromMomandDad,butfromgrandparentsandeveryoneelseintheirlives.”可知,作者希望他的孩子學會感恩。故選B項。C(2021·江蘇高一期中)Afamousteacherwasspeakingtothestudentsatourschool.Hebeganhislessonbyholdingupa￡100bill.Thenhesaidtothethreehundredstudents,“Whowouldliketohavethis￡100bill?”Thestudentsbegantoputuptheirhandsatonce.Thenhesaid,“Iamgoingtogivethisbilltooneofyou,butfirst,letmedothis.”Hethenmadethisbillintoaball.Thenhesaid,“Whowantsit?”Handswentintotheair.“Well,”hesaid,“WhatifIdothis?”andhedroppeditonthefloorandsteppedonit.Hepickedupthedirty,crumpledbillandsaid,“Whostillwantsit?”Handswentbackintotheair.

“Myfriends,”hesaid,“You’velearnedavaluablelessontoday.NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.Itwasstillworth￡100.”“Manytimesinourlives,we’redropped,crumpled,andsteppedonbythechanceswetakeandthethingsthathappentous.Wefeelasifweareworthnothing.Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”Youarespecialandvaluable.Don’teverforgetit!【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講了一位老師使用一張百元鈔票告訴人們無論發(fā)生什么事情,對于我們所愛的人,我們的價值都不會變。28.Eventhoughthemoneywasdirty,it.

A.wentupinvalueB.wasworthmuchC.didn’treduceinvalueD.wasstillours答案C解析推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Myfriends...Itwasstillworth￡100.”說明無論老師如何處理這張100元的鈔票,它的價值都沒有變化,仍然還是100元。故選C項。29.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphmeans.

A.thestudentsputuptheirhandsagainB.thestudentsputdowntheirhandsC.thestudentsagreedtowhattheteachersaidD.thestudentsputtheirhandsinfrontofthem答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據第四段第二句“NomatterwhatIdidtothemoney,youstillwanteditbecauseitdidn’tgodowninvalue.”說明無論老師怎么對待這張100元的鈔票,學生們仍然想要它。由此可知,“Handswentbackintotheair.”意思是很多學生又一次舉了手。故選A項。30.Whydidthefamousteacherusea￡100athislesson?A.Becausehewantedtogivealectureaboutmoney.B.Becausehewasusedtodroppingabillonthefloorandsteppingonit.C.Becausehewasgoingtogivethebilltooneofthestudents.D.Becausehewantedtomakethestudentsknowwhatthevaluewas.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”說明老師想通過這個例子告訴學生們:無論發(fā)生什么事情,對于愛我們的人來說,我們的價值都不會變,也就是老師想讓學生們知道價值是什么。故選D項。31.Whatlessoncanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.￡100billisworththesamenomatterwhatyoudowithit.B.Allpeoplelovemoneymost.C.Yourvaluedoesn’tchangenomatterwhathappenstoyou.D.Thevalueofmoneychangeswhenitismadedirty.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Butremember,nomatterwhathashappenedtoyou,youwillneverloseyourvalue:youarealwaysvaluabletothosewholoveyou.Yourvaluedoesn’tcomefromwhatyoudroporwhomyouknow,butWHOYOUARE.”說明無論發(fā)生什么事情,你的價值都不會改變,這正是我們從這篇文章中學到的。故選C項。DIt’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.Iftheworldfollowedtheso-called“planetaryhealth”diet,eachyearmorethan11millionearlydeathscouldbeavoidedaccordingtothescientists.Forthehealthoftheplanet,theysaythesamedietwillreduce(減少)greenhousegasesandsavemoreland,waterandanimals.Thisnewfoodplanistheresultofathree-yearprojectorganizedbyTheLancethealthjournal.TimLang,aprofessoratBritain’sUniversityofLondon.Hesaid,“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”Langadded,“Theworld’spopulationisexpectedtogrowto10billionpeopleby2050.Ifwewanttofeedeveryone,weallneedtochangewhatweeatandthewayweeatbyimprovingfoodproductionandreducingfoodwaste.”So,whatdoyoueatonthe“planetaryhealth”diet?Thescientistswhocreatedthe“planetaryhealth”dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.Thedietcallsforcuttingdownredmeatandsugarby50percentandincreasingnuts,fruits,andvegetable.WalterWilletofHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesalsotalkedaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet.Hesaid,“Morethan800millionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughfoodwhilemanymorepeoplehaveveryunhealthydiets.”Thescientiststhinkitdifficulttoreachtheiraim.Butforthem,doingnothingisalsonotachoice.Willetsaid,“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了倫敦幾位科學家最近發(fā)現的所謂的“地球健康”飲食方式,及其對地球的好處。人們有通過改變飲食方式進而保護地球的潛力。最后闡述了這種飲食的具體內容以及這個項目探究的意義。32.WhatdecidesthehealthofpeopleandtheplanetaccordingtoTimLang?A.Thetasteofthefood.B.Thenumberofpopulation.C.Theclimateandourlivingconditions.D.Thefoodweeatandthewayweproduceit.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的TimLang可將本題答案定位在第三自然段。根據其中的“Thefoodweeatandhowweproduceitdecidethehealthofpeopleandtheplanet.”可知,D項符合題目語境,故選D項。33.Whatdoesthe“planetaryhealth”dietmainlycontain?A.Milk. B.Meat.C.Sugar. D.Plants.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段“Thescientistswhocreatedthe‘planetaryhealth’dietsayitislargelyplant-basedbutstillhasalittlemilk,fishandmeat.”可知,“planetaryhealth”diet包含的大部分為植物,故選D項。34.Whatdoscientistssayaboutthe“planetaryhealth”diet?A.Itisveryeasytoproduceit.B.Itisbettertotrytheirbesttomakeit.C.Itisbettertodonothingthanfail.D.Itisimpossibletomakeit.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段“Ifwecan’tmakethebestdiet,it’sbettertotryandgetascloseaswecan.”可知,科學家們認為盡可能地去嘗試和接近“地球健康”飲食是更好的,故選B項。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HumansHealthIsVeryImportant.B.ManyPeopledon’tGetEnoughFood.C.ANewKindofDietmaySavethePlane.D.DifferentPeopleHaveDifferentEatingHabits.答案C解析主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“It’sreportedthatscientistsinLondonhavefoundthebestdietforbothhumansandtheplanet.”可知,文章主要介紹這種新的飲食方式。C項中的newkindofdiet與這一主題呼應。且其中的SavethePlanet與“planetaryhealth”diet呼應,故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2021·河南洛陽第一高級中學高一月考)Doyouhaveaspareroominyourhouse?Doyouliketoshareyourdrivewayinfrontofyourgaragewithothers?Bothofthesecanhelpyoumakemoney.36

Perhapsthebest-knownexampleofacompanyinthisfieldisAirbnb—anAmericanwebbusinesswhichallowsyoutorentoutyourspareroomtoholidaymakers.Itsaysitoperatesin34,000citiesandithas800,000listingsofroomsandapartments.37ABritishcompanyisdoingsomethingwithparkingspaces.JustPark’sfounder,AnthonyEskinaizi,says,“whenIhadtheoriginalidea,Ispottedadrivewayclosetoasportsstadium.ItwouldhavebeensoconvenientifIcouldhavejustparkedinthedrivewayratherthaninacommercialcarpark.”38Around20,000peoplehaveadvertisedtheirspacesonthewebsite,andhesaysaroundhalfamilliondriversuseit.

39Theyarepeoplewhorunthingsliketraditionalhotelsandcommercialcarparks.Theyareafraidofendinguplosingmoney.

40Regulationsforthesenewbusinessesareunclear.Howwillrentingoutyourdrivewayaffectyourneighbour?Becausethisisanewbusinessworld,thoserulesaren’tthereyet.

A.Andthereisanotherproblem.B.Acommercialcarparkisinconvenient.C.Andhisgreatideahasprovedasuccess.D.Butthenewbusinessofrentinghasitscompetitors.E.Theyseemtohaveoccupiedthemajorityofthemarket.F.Butthegovernmentsaysnotothenewbusinessofrenting.G.Manypeoplearebenefitingfromthisnewbusinessofrenting.答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了線上租賃房屋和車位的商業(yè)新模式及其所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。36.G根據上文可知,和人分享空房間和車庫前的地方都可以幫助你賺錢。即很多人正在受益于這種新的租賃業(yè)務。G項和上文保持語意一致。37.E根據上文可知,美國的Airbnb在網絡上做這方面的業(yè)務做得很好,在34000個城市經營著800000個房間和公寓,所以可推測出該公司占據主要的市場份額。38.C根據上下文可知,JustPark’s的創(chuàng)始人AnthonyEskinaizi做了一個出租停車位的生意,很火爆。大約2萬人在網站上登記出租車位,有約50萬名司機受益。所以證明他的想法很成功。39.D根據下文可知,從事傳統(tǒng)的酒店和商業(yè)停車場之類的人恐怕最終會賠本。所以選擇D項。40.A根據下文可知,這些新的商業(yè)法規(guī)尚不清楚。租你的車道上將如何影響你的鄰居?因為這是個新的商業(yè)世界,規(guī)則還沒有。所以選A項(還有一個問題。)與上下文一致。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thetruepurposeofabusiness,PeterDruckersaid,istocreateandkeepcustomers.“Customervalue”hasseveraldefinitions.Iusethe41tomeanthetotallifetimevalueofacompany’scustomerbase.Companiescanincreasethisvalueby42morecustomers,earningmorebusinessfromexistingones,keepingthemlonger,makingtheirexperiencesimplerthroughdigitalimprovementsandsoon.43leadershavelongunderstoodtheimportanceofconcentratingoncustomervalueratherthanpursuingshort-termprofitsorquarterlyearnings,andthey’vebecomeenduringcustomerloyaltyleadersintheprocess.It’sworthnotingthatanumberofloyalty-leadingcompaniesareableto44shareholderpressure,oravoiditaltogether,becausetheyarefounder-led,customer-owned,ornotpubliclytraded.

Companiescan45customervalueinavarietyofways:Toincrease46,enterprisesoftwarecompaniessometimeschargecorporatecustomerschangefeesthatcanraisethetotalcostofownershiptoasmuchasthreetimestheoriginalprice.Toreduceoperatingcosts,restaurantchainssometimes47frozenandprecookedingredientsinplaceoffreshandmade-to-orderfood.Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Buttheyalso48potentialcustomersandencouragedisloyalty.

Giventheimportanceofcustomervalue,leadersshouldtrackitasmuchastheytrackotherkeyassets(資產),suchasbuildings,machinery,andmarketablesecurities.Theyalsoshouldrevealitintheirquarterlyandannualearningsreleasessothatinvestorscanmake49judgmentsaboutcompanyperformanceandhowitcompareswiththatofindustrypeers.Butmostcompanies50believethatmeasuringcustomervalueistoodifficultorcostly.Theycontinuetorelyonacenturies-oldaccountingtraditionthatemphasizesphysicalandfinancialassets,andneitherincomestatementsnorbalancesheetsoffermuch51intothevalueofacompany’scustomers.

Asinvestorswakeuptotheimportanceofcustomervalue,however,manygrowth-stagecompaniesnowdirectinvestors’attentionto52ingrowingthevalueoftheircustomerbase.Somepubliccompaniesincreasinglyreportvarioustypesofcustomervaluemetrics(指標).OneoftheUK’stopenergysuppliersE.ON,53,reportsyear-over-yearcustomercountsinitsfinancialreport.“Asacustomer-focusedcompany,”E.ONnoted,“weseecustomervalueascrucialtooursuccess.”

Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements,investorsstillhavea(n)54picture.Theminorityofcompaniesthatdoprovidecustomervalueinformationdecideforthemselveswhattodisclose.55,firmsmaycalculatecustomermetricsdifferentlyorchangethemtotelladesiredstory,orsimplystopreportingthemiftheyfailtogowiththecompany’spreferrednarrative.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了顧客價值對于公司發(fā)展的重大意義。41.A.item B.versionC.term D.definition答案C解析item項;version版本;term術語;definition定義。該空上一句提及的customervalue是一個術語,并不是一個定義。故選C項。42.A.persuading B.consultingC.acquiring D.inspecting答案C解析persuade說服;consult咨詢;acquire獲得;inspect視察,觀察。通過“earningmorebusinessfromexistingones”,可以判斷出獲得更多客戶才有更多利潤。故選C項。43.A.Considerate B.VisionaryC.Determined D.Powerful答案B解析considerate體貼的;visionary有預見的;determined決絕的;powerful有力的。該空后提及“領導早已理解客戶價值的重要性”,這里強調的是那些有遠見、深謀遠慮的領導。故選B項。44.A.resist B.relieveC.intensify D.maintain答案A解析resist抵抗;relieve減輕;intensify加強;maintain維持。根據后句的“oravoiditaltogether”,可以判斷該空與后面的句子在語義上表達的是同一個意思,即抵御風險。故選A項。45.A.raise B.adoptC.calculate D.destroy答案D解析raise提出;adopt采納,收養(yǎng);calculate計算;destroy破壞。通過該段后文的“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Butthey...”從這句可以判斷出,短期策略對公司長久發(fā)展不利。故選D項。46.A.income B.experienceC.productivity D.demand答案A解析income收入;experience經歷,經驗;productivity生產力;demand要求。通過該段后文的“Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.”可以看出,公司采取這些策略的目的是提高收益,減少成本。故選A項。47.A.separate B.substituteC.forbid D.combine答案B解析separate分隔;substitute代替;forbid禁止;combine組合。該句提及“Toreduceoperatingcosts”可以判斷出公司會采取手段來縮減運營成本,用速凍或預加工產品代替新鮮定制的食物會提升餐館運營效率,從而提高營業(yè)額。故選B項。48.A.appealto B.relyonC.putdown D.scareoff答案D解析appealto對……有吸引力;relyon依靠;putdown放下;scareoff嚇跑。該空前一句提及“Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.”但話鋒一轉,作者使用了but,可以推斷出其實這種做法并不是最可靠有效的,甚至會嚇跑潛在客戶群。故選D項。49.A.informed B.subjectiveC.definitive D.independent答案A解析informed了解情況的;subjective主觀的;definitive確信的;independent獨立自主的。下文提及公司應該公開一些報表數據,從消費者角度就可以得到更多信息從而客觀評價公司的業(yè)績了。故選A項。50.A.fully B.hardlyC.readily D.wrongly答案D解析fully徹底地;hardly艱難地;readily毫不猶豫,迅速地;wrongly錯誤地。由該空前面的but可以推斷出,在現實當中,大多數公司并沒有像文章中那樣做,而是理所當然認為衡量顧客價值的方法不可取。故選D項。51.A.suspicion B.extensionC.literacy D.visibility答案D解析suspicion懷疑;extension拓展;literacy素養(yǎng);visibility可見。因為上文提及好多公司并沒有衡量顧客價值,自然也就沒有可看得到的相關數據。故選D項。52.A.sacrifice B.successC.prejudice D.expense答案B解析sacrifice犧牲;success成功;prejudice偏見;expense花費。上文提及雖然有很多公司開始考慮顧客價值這一問題,但還是有很多公司沒有考慮如何成功提升客戶群價值。故選B項。53.A.asaresult B.forexampleC.onthecontrary D.ingeneral答案B解析asaresult因此;forexample例如;onthecontrary恰相反;ingeneral大體上。作者在這里以英國能源供應商的實際例子來支撐客戶價值意義這一觀點。故選B項。54.A.incomplete B.depressingC.convincing D.vivid答案A解析incomplete不完整的;depressing沮喪的,蕭條的;convincing有說服力的;vivid栩栩如生的。前文提及“Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements”可以判斷,對于這一“客戶價值”問題還有許多事情亟待完善,所以對于投資者來說,圖景是不完整的。故選A項。55.A.Instead B.FurtherC.Otherwise D.Therefore答案B解析instead反而,代替;further進一步,再者;otherwise否則;therefore因此。該空前后提及的兩種情況是遞進關系,所以使用“更進一步”較為合適。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Howdowehelpkidsmakewisechoicesabouttheirmoney?AnneKersten,56.FinancialteacherinAmerica,saysthatshestartsitbyopeninganongoingdialogue.Kerstenleadstwoworkshops57.(design)forfamilies.Botharevalues-basedmoneymanagementworkshops58.provideparentswithtoolsandtalkingpointsonhowtos