安徽省桐城市某中學(xué)2023屆高三上學(xué)期月考（3）英語試卷 附答案

高三英語試卷ATherearethousandsofincredibletrails（路線）thatallowustogetupclosetonature.Hereare4ofthebesthikingtrailsintheworld.

LaresandRoyalIncaTrail，Peru

TheIncaTrailtoMacchuPicchuisunquestionablyoneofSouthAmerica'sgreatestone.

LaresandRoyalIncaTrail，aguidedthree-daytripintheLaresregion，followsanancientIncapaththroughAndeanforests，uptheHuchayccasapassandthroughthevillageofHuacahuasi，withthechancetocatchsightoftoweringMountVeronica.

MonteverdeCloudForestReserve，CostaRica

CostaRica'srichbiodiversityisbestexploredinthehighcloudforestsofMonteverde.Thereservehasaseriesofwell-markedpathsidealforthosekeenonaneasyslowwalkwiththechancetoseethearea'sstrikingbirdsandplantsupclosewithouthavingtopackforamulti-dayhike.

TheDingleWay，Ireland

Ireland'sDingleWaytrailcanbecompletedinaroundeightdays.

StartinginthetownofTralee，theclockwisepathfollowsnarrowroads，takinginthewidesweepofsandatInchStrand，passingalongtheclifftopsoutsideDingletownandheadingaroundtheedgeofMountBrandon，thehighestpeakontheDinglePeninsula.

ArmeniaandtheSilkRoad

Armenia'sbeautifulnaturallandscapesarebestexploredonfoot.

The11-dayArmeniaandtheSilkRoadtriptakesinsomeofitsfinestroutes，connectingtheUNESCOprotectedmonasteries（修道院）ofSanahinandHaghpat，passingoverlimestonepeaksandthroughgreenforests，withtheopportunitytohikeinthewildGeghamaMountainsandclimbtothetopofAragats，thecountry'stallestmountain.WherecanpeoplereachifhefollowstherouteoftheIncaTrail？______A.MacchuPicchu. B.Dingletown.

C.InchStrand. D.GeghamaMountains.WhatcanpeopleseeinMonteverdeCloudForestReserve？______A.Differentclouds. B.Attractivewildlife.

C.Apineforest. D.Well-designedpaths.Whichtriptakesthelongesttimetocomplete？______A.LaresandRoyalIncaTrail. B.MonteverdeCloudForestReserve.

C.TheDingleWay. D.ArmeniaandtheSilkRoad.BTwo18-year-oldgirls，JrasnattandMarisa，learnedaboutamajorchallengefacedbythecricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Biggercricketsoftenattackthesmallerones.Whenattacked，acricketwillcutoffitsownlegstoescape.Butafterabandoningaleg，thisanimalwilloftendieorbecomeslessvaluabletobuyers.

JrasnattandMarisaweredeterminedtosolvetheproblem.Aftersomeresearch，theylearnedthatcoloredlightcaninfluencethebehaviorsofsomeanimals，includinginsects.Tofindout，theteenresearcherstransferredgroupsof30newlyhatchedcricketsintoeachof24boxes.Thecricketsinsixboxeswereexposedonlytoredlight.Anothersixboxeswerelitwithgreen.Sixmoreboxeswerelitwithblue.Thesethreegroupsofinsectsspentdaytimehoursthroughouttheirlives—abouttwomonths—inaworldbathedinjustonecoloroflight.Thelastsixboxesofcricketslivedinnaturallight.

"Weseethey'regrowingeverydayandtakenotesonwhat'shappening，"saysMarisa."We'reliketheparentsofthecrickets."Throughout，theteenskepttrackofthecrickets.Theshareofcricketswithmissinglegswasabout9inevery10amongthoselivinginred，blueornaturallight.Butfewerthan7inevery10cricketswhogrewupinaworldofgreenlostlegs.Also，thesurvivalrateforcricketsinthegreenboxwasfourorfivetimeshigherthanthatintheotherboxes.

Crickets'eyesareadaptedtoonlyseeingreenandbluelight.So，inredlight，theworldwouldalwayslookdark.Withoutbeingabletosee，theyaremorelikelytohiteachother.Thatresultsincricketslosinglegs.Besides，cricketsaremoreattractedtobluelightthangreenlight，whichpullsthemclosertogetherandleadstomorefights.Inthegreenlightbox，thecricketsweremostlikelytomindtheirownbusinessandavoidstruggle.

Creatingagreen-lightworldforcricketsisasolutionthatcouldbebroughttothefarms.JrasnattandMarisaarealreadyintalkswiththefarmers.Thosefarmersplantotryoutgreenlightingtoseeifitwillboosttheirprofits.Whatproblemofcricketsdidthegirlsdecidetosettle？______A.Thereisnocricketbuyer.

B.Theyoftenjumphightoescape.

C.Theirlegsarecutoffbyfarmers.

D.Therearealwaysinjuriesanddeaths.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirls'researchwork？______A.Theyconductedtheresearchseriously.

B.Theylookedaftertheinsectscarelessly.

C.Theyobservedthecricketsdayandnight.

D.Theydividedthecricketsintothreegroups.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Possibleapplicationoftheresearchfinding.

B.Abriefintroductiontotheresearchmethod.

C.Afurtherexplanationfortheresearchresults.

D.Detailedinformationabouttheresearchprocess.Whatmaybetheattitudeofthecricketfarmerstowardsthegirls'solution？______A.Doubtful. B.Opposed. C.Supportive. D.Indifferent.CKobeBryantisnodoubtalegend.Howdidhedoit？Simplyputhisworkprinciple.Heshoweduptotrainingeveryday，noexcuses.Withoutadoubt，itisquiteevidentthatKobe'sdesireforsuccesswasdirectlycorrelatedwithhisworkprinciple.

KobeBryant'sworkprincipleiswhathelpedhimbecomethelegendheistoday.ButwhatalsomustbeunderstoodaboutKobeBryantisthathewasrelentless（不停的；嚴(yán)格的）.Hehadamentaltoughnessandsteelyfocusthatwasdrivenbyhiscompetitiveness.

Inshort，Kobewantedtobethebest，andwoulddowhateverittooktoachievethismentalgoal.Ifhehadaweaknessinonearea，hewouldcommittomasteringthatweakness.Iftherewasalackofstrengthinhisshot，hewouldgettoworkexhaustingalloptionstocorrectthatlackofstrength，researchingandthenapplyingtheroutinesthatinstructedhimonhowtogetstronger.Similarly，ifhisweaknesswasalackofspeed，hewouldputinthetimeandefforttoovercomethelimitation.Andtherelieshissecrettosuccess.Thewillingnesstolearnandthenapplywhathelearnedtomovehimselfclosertohisgoals.

"WhenIamretired，Idon'twanttohavetosayIwishIwouldhavedonemore.Idon'twantthat."—KobeBryant.

Assuch，KobeBryant'ssuccessprinciplecanbesummarizedasarelentlessfocusontheendresult.Thegreatnewsistheabilitytoberelentlessisinallofyou.Accordingtotheauthor，whatmakesKobeBryantalegend？______A.KobeBryant'sdistinguishedcharacters.

B.KobeBryant'sattitudestowardshiswork.

C.KobeBryant'smethodsofeverydaytraining.

D.KobeBryant'swillingnesstolearnnewthings.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"over-the-top"inParagraph2probablymean？______A.Potential. B.Temporary. C.Apparent. D.Extraordinary.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbestbytellingthestoryofKobeBryant？______A.Aslowsparrowshouldmakeanearlystart.

B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

C.Successresultsfromconsistentefforts.

D.Confidenceisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKobeBryant？______A.Self-disciplinedandhard-working.

B.Confidentandhumble.

C.Positiveandconsiderate.

D.Selflessandenergetic.DForafewsecondsonasunnyafternoonlastApril，renewablesbrokearecordforCalifornia'smainelectricnetwork，providingenoughpowertosupply94.5%ofdemand.Themomentwaspraisedasamilestoneonthepathtodecarbonisation（脫碳）.Butwhathappenswhenthesunsetsandthewindsstop？

Handlingthevariedpowerproductionofrenewableswillrequirecheapstorageforhoursorevendaysatatime.Newtypesofiron-basedbatteriesmightbeuptothetask.

Manyfirmsareengagedindevelopingthesekindsofbatteries.Oregon-basedESS，whosebatteriescanstoreenergyforbetweenfourandtwelvehours，launcheditsfirstnetwork-scaleprojectsin2021.Massachusetts-basedFormEnergy，whichraised﹩240millionin2021，hasbatteriesthatstorepowerforupto100hours.Itsfirstinstallationwillbeaone-megawatt（兆瓦）pilotplantinMinnesota，plannedtobecompletedin2023.

Bothcompaniesrelyonbatteriesthatuseiron，oneofthemostabundantmaterialsontheplanet.Thismeansthattheirofferingscouldeventuallybecheaperthanothernetworkstoragecandidates.Formsaysitsbatteriescouldeventuallycostjust﹩20perkilowatt-hour，lowerthanevenoptimisticpredictionsforlithium-ion（鋰離子）batteriesinthenextseveraldecades.

Therearestillchallengestoaddress：ironbatteriestypicallyhavelowefficiency，meaningagoodpartoftheenergythat'sputintothemcan'tberecovered.Unwantedsidereactionscanalsodegradethemovertime.Butifiron-basedbatteriescanbeappliedwidely，atalowenoughcost，theycouldhelppowermoreoftheworldwithrenewableenergy.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofraisingaquestioninthefirstparagraph？______A.Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.

B.Tosupportthetopicofthisparagraph.

C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofenergy.

D.Toinspiremorescientiststostudy.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3？______A.Bymakingclassifications. B.Byanalysingcauseandeffect.

C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byexplainingdefinitions.Whatdoweknowabouttheiron-basedbatteriesinthepassage？______A.Theyareboundtoquicklyreplacealltheexistingbatteries.

B.Theyareofgreathelpinspiteofseveralunknownweaknesses.

C.Theyarebelievedtobeappliedmorewidelyintheremoteareas.

D.Theyareexpectedtosupplymoreenergyatamuchlowercost.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Competition：TwoBatteryCompanies

B.Possibility：Long-lastingNetworkBatteries

C.Challenge：NewBatterywithLowEfficiency

D.Milestone：SuccessinDecarbonisationHowtoLearnfromYourRegrets

Regret'sbenefitsdon'tcometousbychance.(1).Herearethreestepsyoucantakethenexttimeyoufindyourselfthinkingcarefullyaboutyourpastmissteps.

Killtheghost（鬼魂）.

Peopleoftensaytheirregretskeepcomingtotheirmind.Thissuggeststhatregretislikeaghost.Bringyourghostoutoftheshadowsbymakingalistofyourregrets.Writedownwhyeachonestillbothersyouanditsbadeffects.(2).

Forgiveyourself.

(3)，butsometimesyoujustcan'tstopblamingyourself.Perhapsyoudroppedoutofschooldecadesagoandareconstantlycalculatingtodayhowmuchmoneyyouwouldbemakingifyouhadpressedontograduation.Nowisthetimetodeclare："Iwillnotwastemyliferelivingadecisionthatcannotbechanged."

Collectyourdiploma.

Regretislikeaschoolrunbyhumannature.Ifyouneverexperiencedregret，youwouldkeeprepeatingthesamebehaviorsthatledyoutomissopportunities.(4).Next，listallthewaysthatyoucaninvestinyourownskillsandimprovementrightnow—andgetstarted.

Regretsmayhurt.(5)，whiletryingtolivewithoutthemisalostopportunitytogrow.Lifeisajourneyfullofpleasuresandpains.Toliveitwellandfullymeanslearningfromeverybitofit，includingthemistakes，andmovingforward.

A.Afteryoumakeamistake，lifemoveson

B.Fillingyourmindwiththemisdestructive

C.Theghostcertainlydoesn'truleaperson'slife

D.Wehavetoseekthemoutonpurposetoimproveourselves

E.Youwillfindthatalistisalotlessfrighteningthanaghost

F.Youchoosealifesentenceforapoordecisionyoumadeinthepast

G.Ifyouletregretteach，youcannotehowyouwanttochangeyourbehavior

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GTempo（節(jié)奏）runsscareme.ThoselongandhardeffortsalwayslookimpossiblewhenIseethemonpaper.

Irememberone50-minuterun(21).Isawitonmytrainingplanandimmediatelycreatedalaundrylistof(22)forwhythiswasjustnotgoingtowork，whyIwasn'tfitenough，whyIwouldn't(23)—whyIwouldfail.

BeforeIevenlacedupmyshoes，I'dalready(24)myselfIcouldn'tdothis.Insteadofusingthewarm-uptofindmypace，(25)forsuccess，andgetexcitedtomakethebestofit，Iadopteda(26)mindset（心態(tài)），revisitedmylistofexcusesand(27)furtherintothebad-attitudetrap.Iquittheworkout(28)evenbeforeIstarted.Afterthat，Ishortenedmoreworkoutsandmyfitnessmovedbackwardssoon.

The(29)，Irealized，wasthatItreatedmyentiretrainingplanlikeatemporun—hard，fastand(30).IfeltthatifIdidn'thitaworkoutearly，Iwouldn'tbeableto(31).

IrealizedIneededtotreatmytraininglikemyfavourite(32)：thelongrun.Ilovesettlingintoarelaxedpace，enjoyingtherouteand(33)ononlyonegoal—finishing.IlovethatIcanhaveabadmileinthemiddleandstillend(34).

Now，whenIsetanewgoaland(35)anewtrainingplan，IhavewhatIcall"thelong-runmindset".

I'mnot(36)forimmediateresults，asIhavebeeninthepast.I(37)moreaboutthebigpictureandmylong-termgoalsasa(38).Yes，thereisstillanimportantplaceforhard，fasttemporuns，butIhave(39)myattitude，tothinkbiggerthanshort-term(40)andinsteadworktowardlifelongsuccess.

A.byaccident B.inparticular C.atrandom D.inadvance

A.plans B.requirements C.excuses D.questions

A.finish B.flee C.stop D.hesitate

A.recalled B.convinced C.warned D.instructed

A.argue B.charge C.beg D.prepare

A.stranger's B.conqueror's C.survivor's D.loser's

A.set B.broke C.fell D.looked

A.mentally B.gradually C.hopefully D.excitedly

A.lesson B.doubt C.problem D.consequence

A.perfect B.strict C.simple D.inspiring

A.givein B.settledown C.backoff D.catchup

A.workout B.program C.test D.propose

A.depending B.trying C.focusing D.turning

A.awful B.silent C.strong D.sad

A.review B.write C.cross D.ignore

A.desperate B.grateful C.sorry D.fit

A.worry B.hear C.argue D.care

A.teacher B.runner C.coach D.viewer

A.accepted B.examined C.completed D.changed

A.outcomes B.memories C.cooperations D.predictionsThe(1)（tradition）Chineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Morethan2，000yearsago，ancientChinesepeoplecreatedthisoverallframeworktomarktheannualpassageoftime(2)（base）onobservationsofthesun'smovement.(3)16thsolartermoftheyear，AutumnEquinox（秋分），fallsonSept.23thisyearandendsonOct.7.Itliesatthemidpointofautumn，(4)（divide）autumnintotwoequalparts.Afterit，thelocationofdirectsunlightmovestothesouth，makingdaysshorterandnights(5)（long）inthenorthernhemisphere（半球）.InancientChina，peoplethrewarrowsintopotstowelcomeAutumnEquinox.Hostswouldinviteguests(6)（throw）arrowsintoapotatadistancewiththeirhands.Players(7)arrowsfailedtomakethepothadtodrinkwineasa(8)（punish）.Today，Chinesepeoplewouldcelebrateitinmanyways，such(9)holdingharvestfestivals，eatingQiucai（anautumnvegetable）andcrab（螃蟹），enjoyingbeautifulflowers，andsacrificingtothemoon.Thatday，therearethousandsofpeopleintheworldtryingtomakeeggsstandontheirends.ThisChinesecustom(10)（become）agameoftheworldalready.Eggsthatare4or5daysoldarebestforthisgame.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Ineveryexperimentclass，ourteacherteachesusainterestingexperiment.Today，theteachershowsushowtomakeacandleburnunderwater.Itwaslikemagic，interestingandamazing.Theteacherfirstexplainedthescientificprinciplebehindtheexperimentandwantedusrememberit.Aftertakenotes，undertheguidanceofourteacher，wecarefullyputthecandleintothewaterorlitit.Finally，everyonesuccessfulcompletedtheexperiment.Weweresoexciting.Nosoonerhadwefinishedtheexperimentthatwesurroundedourteachercheerfully.Asweallknowit，havingthescientificexperimentclassenablestudentstolearnalotofwonderfulscientificknowledge.你校將以四月十二日世界航天日為主題，舉辦英語征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.太空探索的重要性；2.你的期待。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。

SpaceExplorationLightsupDreams

April12wasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2011asWorldSpaceDay.__________________(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lares

and

Royal

Inca

Trail，Peru部分The

Inca

Trail

to

Macchu

Picchu

is

unquestionably

one

of

South

America's

greatest

one.（前往馬丘比丘的印加小徑無疑是南美洲最偉大的小徑之一。）如果他沿著印加小道走，人們能到達(dá)馬丘比丘。故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Monteverde

Cloud

Forest

Reserve，Costa

Rica部分The

reserve

has

a

series

of

well-marked

paths

ideal

for

those

keen

on

an

easy

slow

walk

with

the

chance

to

see

the

area's

striking

birds

and

plants

up

close

without

having

to

pack

for

a

multi-day

hike.（該保護(hù)區(qū)有一系列標(biāo)志清晰的小徑，非常適合那些喜歡輕松慢速步行的人，他們有機(jī)會近距離觀賞該地區(qū)引人注目的鳥類和植物，而無需打包進(jìn)行一天的徒步旅行。）可知人們在蒙特維德云林保護(hù)區(qū)能看到迷人的野生動物。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一部分的Lares

and

Royal

Inca

Trail，a

guided

three-day

trip

in

the

Lares

region（Lares和RoyalIncaTrail是Lares地區(qū)的三天導(dǎo)游之旅）；The

reserve

has

a

series

of

well-marked

paths

ideal

for

those

keen

on

an

easy

slow

walk

with

the

chance

to

see

the

area's

striking

birds

and

plants

up

close

without

having

to

pack

for

a

multi-day

hike.（該保護(hù)區(qū)有一系列標(biāo)志清晰的小徑，非常適合那些喜歡輕松慢速步行的人，他們有機(jī)會近距離觀賞該地區(qū)引人注目的鳥類和植物，而無需打包進(jìn)行一天的徒步旅行）；Ireland's

Dingle

Way

trail

can

be

completed

in

around

eight

days.（愛爾蘭的丁格爾之路（DingleWay）小徑可以在大約八天內(nèi)完成）；The

11-day

Armenia

and

the

Silk

Road

trip

takes

in

some

of

its

finest

routes（為期11天的亞美尼亞和絲綢之路之旅采用了一些最好的路線）。可知Armenia

and

the

Silk

Road旅行花費(fèi)的時(shí)間最長。故選D。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四條世界上最好的遠(yuǎn)足徑。

4~7.【答案】D、A、D、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Two

18-year-old

girls，Jrasnatt

and

Marisa，learned

about

a

major

challenge

faced

by

the

cricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Bigger

crickets

often

attack

the

smaller

ones.When

attacked，a

cricket

will

cut

off

its

own

legs

to

escape.But

after

abandoning

a

leg，this

animal

will

often

die

or

becomes

less

valuable

to

buyers.（兩個(gè)18歲的女孩，Jrasnatt和Marisa，了解到蟋蟀養(yǎng)殖戶面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)。大蟋蟀經(jīng)常攻擊小蟋蟀。當(dāng)受到攻擊時(shí)，蟋蟀會切斷自己的腿逃跑。但丟棄一條腿后，這種動物通常會死亡，或者對買家來說變得不那么值錢。）可知女孩們決定解決蟋蟀養(yǎng)殖戶的問題是總是有蟋蟀受傷和死亡。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"We

see

they're

growing

every

day

and

take

notes

on

what's

happening，"says

Marisa."We're

likethe

parents

of

the

crickets."Throughout，the

teens

kept

track

of

the

crickets.（"我們看到它們每天都在增長，并記錄下正在發(fā)生的事情，"瑪麗莎說。"我們就像蟋蟀的父母。"在整個(gè)過程中，青少年一直在跟蹤蟋蟀。）可知我們能從女孩的研究工作中了解到他們認(rèn)真地進(jìn)行了研究。故選A。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Crickets'

eyes

are

adapted

to

only

see

in

green

and

blue

light.So，in

red

light，the

world

would

always

look

dark.Without

being

able

to

see，they

are

more

likely

to

hit

each

other.That

results

in

crickets

losing

legs.Besides，crickets

are

more

attracted

to

blue

light

than

green

light，which

pulls

them

closer

together

and

leads

to

more

fights.In

the

green

light

box，the

crickets

were

most

likely

to

mind

their

own

business

and

avoid

struggle.（蟋蟀的眼睛適應(yīng)于只看綠光和藍(lán)光。所以，在紅光下，世界看起來總是黑暗的。在看不見的情況下，它們更容易互相撞擊。這導(dǎo)致蟋蟀失去了腿。此外，蟋蟀更喜歡藍(lán)光而不是綠光，這使它們靠得更近，導(dǎo)致更多的打斗。在綠色燈箱里，蟋蟀最可能管好自己的事，避免爭斗。）可知第4段的主要內(nèi)容是有關(guān)研究過程的詳細(xì)信息。故選D。

（4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Creating

a

green-light

world

for

crickets

is

a

solution

that

could

be

brought

to

the

farms.Jrasnatt

and

Marisa

are

already

in

talks

with

the

farmers.Those

farmers

plan

to

try

out

green

lighting

to

see

if

it

will

boost

their

profits.（為蟋蟀創(chuàng)造一個(gè)綠燈世界是一個(gè)可以帶到農(nóng)場的解決方案。Jrasnatt和Marisa已經(jīng)在與農(nóng)民進(jìn)行談判。這些農(nóng)民計(jì)劃嘗試綠色照明，看看是否會提高他們的利潤。）可知蟋蟀養(yǎng)殖戶對女孩的解決方案可能持支持的態(tài)度。故選C。

本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了兩個(gè)女孩為了解決蟋蟀養(yǎng)殖戶所面臨的蟋蟀容易死傷的問題所做出的努力。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段KobeBryant'sworkprincipleiswhathelpedhimbecomethelegendheistoday.（科比?布萊恩特的工作原則幫助他成為了今天的傳奇人物。）可知根據(jù)作者的說法，是科比對他的工作態(tài)度讓科比成為傳奇。故選B。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子He

had

a

mental

toughness

and

steely

focus

that

was

driven

by

his

competitiveness.（他有著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的精神和鋼鐵般的專注力，這是由他過度的競爭所驅(qū)動的。）可知劃線詞的意思是"過度的"。A.Potential；有潛力的；B.Temporary暫時(shí)的；C.Apparent明顯的；D.Extraordinary杰出的，不一般的。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段As

such，Kobe

Bryant's

success

principle

can

be

summarized

as

a

relentless

focus

on

the

end

result.The

great

news

is

the

ability

to

be

relentless

is

in

all

of

you.（因此，科比-布萊恩特的成功原則可以總結(jié)為對最終結(jié)果的不懈關(guān)注。好消息是，你們所有人都有堅(jiān)持不懈的能力。）可知作者想通過講述科比的故事來展示成功源于持續(xù)的努力。故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Kobe

Bryant

is

no

doubt

a

legend.How

did

he

do

it？Simply

put

his

work

principle.He

showed

up

to

training

every

day，no

excuses.（科比?布萊恩特?zé)o疑是一位傳奇人物。他是怎么做到的？簡單地說，他的工作原理。他每天都去訓(xùn)練，沒有借口。）可知科比是自律和勤奮的。故選A。

本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了科比對待工作的態(tài)度以及其取得的成功。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】（1）寫作目的題。根據(jù)第一段結(jié)尾處The

moment

was

praised

as

a

milestone

on

the

path

to

decarbonisation.But

what

happens

when

the

sunsets

and

the

winds

stop？（這一時(shí)刻被譽(yù)為脫碳道路上的里程碑。但當(dāng)日落和風(fēng)停了會發(fā)生什么呢？）及第二段Handling

the

varied

power

production

of

renewables

will

require

cheap

storage

for

hours

or

even

days

at

a

time.New

types

of

iron-based

batteries

might

be

up

to

the

task.（處理可再生能源的各種電力生產(chǎn)需要一次儲存數(shù)小時(shí)甚至數(shù)天的廉價(jià)存儲。新型的鐵基電池或許可以勝任這一任務(wù)。）可知，作者在第一段介紹新能源的目的是為了引入話題，介紹文章的主題"鐵基電池"。故選A。

（2）寫作手法題。根據(jù).Oregon-

based

ESS，whose

batteries

can

store

energy

for

between

four

and

twelve

hours，launched

its

first

network-scale

projects

in

2021.Massachusetts-based

Form

Energy，which

raised

﹩240

million

in

2021，has

batteries

that

store

power

for

up

to

100

hours.（總部位于俄勒岡州的ESS公司的電池可以儲存4到12小時(shí)的能量，該公司于2021年啟動了第一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模的項(xiàng)目?？偛课挥隈R薩諸塞州的FormEnergy公司在2021年籌集了2.4億美元，其電池可存儲電力長達(dá)100小時(shí)。）可知，作者主要是通過舉兩個(gè)例子來說明鐵基電池的發(fā)展。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段末尾But

if

iron-based

batteries

can

be

applied

widely，at

a

low

enough

cost，they

could

help

power

more

of

the

world

with

renewable

energy..（但是，如果鐵基電池能夠以足夠低的成本廣泛應(yīng)用，它們可以幫助世界上更多的地方使用可再生能源。）可知，鐵基電池被希望以更低價(jià)格提供更多人使用。故選D。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文及根據(jù)最后一段開頭There

are

still

challenges

to

address：iron

batteries

typically

have

low

efficiency，meaning

a

good

part

of

the

energy

that's

put

into

them

can't

be

recovered.（但仍有挑戰(zhàn)需要解決：鐵電池通常效率較低，這意味著投入其中的大部分能量無法回收。）可知，這篇文章主要說明可再生能源的低效率儲蓄問題并提出了使用新型的鐵基電池來解決。。C選項(xiàng)Challenge：New

Battery

with

Low

Efficiency（挑戰(zhàn)：低效率的新電池）故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明可再生能源的低效率儲蓄問題并提出了使用新型的鐵基電池來解決。

16~20.【答案】G、E、A、F、D【解析】（1）聯(lián)系上下文。根據(jù)前文Regret'sbenefitsdon'tcometousbychance.（后悔不會偶然讓我們有收獲）可知后文是說如果我們要從后悔中學(xué)習(xí)到知識，那就要改變我們的行為，G項(xiàng)"如果你讓后悔教會你，你可以注意到你想要如何改變自己的行為"符合語境。故選G。

（2）聯(lián)系上下文。根據(jù)前文Bringyourghostoutoftheshadowsbymakingalistofyourregrets.（把后悔的事寫下來可以趕走后悔帶來的陰影。）可知后文是說當(dāng)我們寫下后悔的事情之后就可以減輕害怕感，E項(xiàng)"你會發(fā)現(xiàn)清單遠(yuǎn)沒有鬼可怕"符合語境。故選E。

（3）聯(lián)系上下文。根據(jù)后文sometimesyoujustcan'tstopblamingyourself（有時(shí)不能停止指責(zé)自己）可知在犯錯(cuò)之后，生活仍然要繼續(xù)，你不能一直抱怨自己，A項(xiàng)"在你犯錯(cuò)之后，生活還會繼續(xù)"符合語境。故選A。

（4）聯(lián)系上下文。根據(jù)前文youwouldkeeprepeatingthesamebehaviorsthatledyoutomissopportunities.（你一直犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤會失去成長的機(jī)會）所以你會一直犯同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"你為自己過去的錯(cuò)誤決定選擇了無期徒刑"符合語境。故選F。

（5）聯(lián)系上下文。根據(jù)前文Regretsmayhurt.（后悔使人痛苦）可知你一直抱怨自己，你會失去成長的機(jī)會，可知我們要把錯(cuò)誤找出來才能提升自己，D項(xiàng)"我們必須有意識地尋找它們來提高自己"符合語境。故選D。

后悔帶來的好處不是偶然的，本文介紹了下次發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在仔細(xì)思考過去的錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，可以采取的三個(gè)步驟來使自己從后悔中學(xué)習(xí)。

21~40.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、D、C、A、C、B、D、A、C、C、B、A、D、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查固定短語及語境理解。A.byaccident偶然地；B.inparticular特別是；C.atrandom隨意地；D.inadvance提前。根據(jù)下句I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知我在我的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃上看到了它，并立即列出了一長串借口，解釋為什么這樣不行，為什么我不夠健康，為什么我不能完成---為什么我會失敗。說明我特別記得一次50分鐘的跑步。故答案為B。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.plans計(jì)劃；B.requirements要求；C.excuses借口；D.questions問題。根據(jù)空后for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一長串借口，解釋為什么這樣不行，為什么我不夠健康，為什么我不能完成。故答案為C。

（3）考查動詞及語境理解。A.finish完成；B.flee逃跑；C.stop停止；D.hesitate猶豫。根據(jù)下句why

I

would

fail.可知為什么我會失敗。說明我不能完成這次訓(xùn)練。故答案為A。

（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.recalled回憶；B.convinced信服；C.warned警告；D.instructed命令。根據(jù)下句I

couldn't

do

this可知在我系好鞋帶之前，我已經(jīng)說服自己我做不到。故答案為B。

（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.argue爭論；B.charge索要；C.beg乞求；D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)下句and

get

excited

to

make

the

best

of

it可知利用熱身找到我的節(jié)奏，為成功做好準(zhǔn)備，并興奮地充分利用這次訓(xùn)練。故答案為D。

（6）考查名詞所有格及語境理解。A.stranger's陌生人的；B.conqueror's征服者的；C.survivor's幸存者的；D.loser's失敗者的。根據(jù)前文why

I

would

fail.可知為什么我會失敗。說明自己是一個(gè)失敗者。故答案為D。

（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.set設(shè)定；B.broke打破；C.fell倒下；D.looked看。根據(jù)前文I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一長串借口，解釋為什么這樣不行，為什么我不夠健康，為什么我不能完成。說明我更深地陷入了態(tài)度惡劣的陷阱。故答案為C。

（8）考查副詞及語境理解。A.mentally精神上；B.gradually逐漸地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.excitedly興奮地。I

saw

it

on

my

training

plan

and

immediately

created

a

laundrylist

of（2）for

why

this

was

just

not

going

to

work，why

I

wasn't

fit

enough，why

I

wouldn't（3）—

why

I

would

fail.可知立即列出了一長串借口，解釋為什么這樣不行，為什么我不夠健康，為什么我不能完成。說明在精神上已經(jīng)被打敗了。故答案為A。

（9）考查名詞及語境理解。A.lesson課；B.doubt懷疑；C.problem問題；D.consequence結(jié)果。根據(jù)下句I

treated

my

entire

training

plan

like

a

tempo

run

—

hard，fast

and（10）.可知問題是我對待我的整個(gè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃就像一次節(jié)奏跑---困難、快速、嚴(yán)格。故答案為C。

（10）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.perfect完美的；B.strict嚴(yán)格的；C.simple簡單的；D.inspiring令人鼓舞的。根據(jù)空前hard，fast可知訓(xùn)練是---困難、快速、嚴(yán)格的。故答案為B。

（11）考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.givein屈服；B.settledown定居；C.backoff后退；D.catchup趕上。根據(jù)上句I

felt

that

if

I

didn't

hit

a

workout

early可知我覺得如果我不早點(diǎn)鍛煉，我就趕不上了。故答案為D。

（12）考查名詞及語境理解。A.workout訓(xùn)練；B.program計(jì)劃；C.test檢測；D.propose建議。根據(jù)下句I

love

settling

into

a

relaxed

pace，enjoying

the

route

and（13）on

only

one

goal

—

finishing.可知我喜歡以一種放松的節(jié)奏安頓下來，享受旅程，專注于一個(gè)目標(biāo)---完成。說明我有自己的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。故答案為A。

（13）考查動詞及語境理解。A.depending依靠；B.trying嘗試；C.focusing專注于；D.turning轉(zhuǎn)向。根據(jù)空后on

only

one

goal可知專注于一個(gè)目標(biāo)---完成。故答案為C。

（14）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.awful糟糕的；B.silent安靜的；C.strong強(qiáng)壯的；D.sad傷心的。根據(jù)空前I

love

that

I

can

have

a

bad

mile

in

the

middle

and

still可知我喜歡我可以在中間有一英里糟糕的時(shí)候仍然堅(jiān)強(qiáng)地結(jié)束。故答案為C。

（15）考查動詞及語境理解。A.review回顧；B.write寫；C.cross穿過；D.ignore忽略。根據(jù)空后a

new

training

plan可知寫一個(gè)新的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。故答案為B。

（16）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.desperate絕望的；B.grateful感激的；C.sorry抱歉的；D.fit健康的。我不像過去那樣渴望立竿見影的效果。bedesperatefor渴望。故答案為A。

（17）考查動詞及語境理解。A.worry擔(dān)心；B.hear聽到；C.argue爭論；D.care在乎。作為一名跑步者，我更關(guān)心大局和我的長期目標(biāo)。careabout在乎。故答案為D。

（18）考查名詞及語境理解。A.teacher老師；B.runner跑步者；C.coach教練；D.viewer觀看者。根據(jù)前文

I

remember

one

50-minute

run（1）.可知我特別記得一次50分鐘的跑步。說明我是一篇跑步者。故答案為B。

（19）考查動詞及語境理解。A.accepted接受；B.examined檢查；C.completed完成；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文nstead

work

toward

lifelong

success.可知是的，高強(qiáng)度、快節(jié)奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已經(jīng)改變了我的態(tài)度，去想比短期結(jié)果更重要的事情，而是朝著終身的成功努力。故答案為D。

（20）考查名詞及語境理解。A.outcomes后果；B.memories記憶；C.cooperations合作；D.predictions預(yù)測。是的，高強(qiáng)度、快節(jié)奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已經(jīng)改變了我的態(tài)度，去想比短期結(jié)果更重要的事情，而是朝著終身的成功努力。故答案為A。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在練習(xí)跑步的過程中心態(tài)的變化。

41.【答案】【小題1】traditional【小題2】based【小題3】The【小題4】dividing【小題5】longer【小題6】tothrow【小題7】whose【小題8】punishment【小題9】as【小題10】hasbecome【解析】（1）考查形容詞。句意：中國傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)歷將一年分為24個(gè)節(jié)氣。此處用形容詞作定語修飾名詞Chinese

lunar

calendar，故填traditional。

（2）考查過去分詞。句意：2000多年前，古代中國人根據(jù)對太陽運(yùn)動的觀察，創(chuàng)造了這個(gè)整體框架，以紀(jì)念每年的時(shí)間流逝。此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，annual

passage

of

time與base之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語，故填based。

（3）考查冠詞。句意：今年的第16個(gè)節(jié)氣，秋分，是今年9月23日，10月7日結(jié)束。序數(shù)詞前面用定冠詞，且首字母大寫，故填The。

（4）考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：它位于秋天的中點(diǎn)，把秋天分成兩個(gè)相等的部分。此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，it與divide之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填dividing。

（5）考查比較級。句意：之后，陽光直射的位置向南移動，使得北半球的白天變短，夜晚變長。結(jié)合句意和shorter可知，此處用比較級，表示"變長"，故填longer。

（6）考查動詞不定式。句意：主人會邀請客人用手向遠(yuǎn)處的罐子里扔箭。invitesbtodo表示"邀請某人做某事"