2021-2022學(xué)年河北省邢臺(tái)市四校聯(lián)考高一（下）第二次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

20212022學(xué)年河北省邢臺(tái)市四校聯(lián)考高一（下）第二次

月考英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

Dune

OnlybigscreenscanactuallymatchFrankHerbert'sscience-fictionworks,DirectedbyDenis

Villeneuve,Duneisasadfilmaboutsuper-poweredyoungheroesonadesertplanet.ltrunsfor

155minutes,butstillonlycoversthefirsthalfofthebook.Alargeamountofmoneyisspenton

thefilm,andthecast（演員陣容）ispackedwithbignames.

Antlers

ThefrighteningstoryofthisfilmisfromnativeAmericantalesaboutWendigo.Thc

director,ScottCooper,askedProfessorGraceLDillonjhemostfamousexpertonthesubject/'I

wastold（hatitmaynotbeanunrealstoryfornativeAmericans."CoopersaidJ'Theytruly

believeinit,anditmeansgreed（貪婪）andcrueltywhenwerobbedalltheresourcesfromthe

locals."

TheFrenchDispatch

TheIOthfilmbyWesAnderson,awriter-director.bringsgreatjoytohisfans.Inthisfilm.he

takeshiscarefulstyletonewextreme.Behindallthesecarefullypreparedskillsisacollection

ofthreefunnyshortstories,whicharesecinaFrenchtownprobablyfromthemagazineNew

Yorkerinthemid-20thcentury.

Ron'sGoneWrong

Thecartoonisafamilycomedy（喜?。?Itshero,Barney,isgivenwhatseemstobeaperfect

toy——ashinyrobotwhichisprogrammedtohehisfriend.Buttheproblemisthatthis

robot,hardlyworksatall.Thefilm'sco-writerandco-director,SarahSmith,said,"Itis

completelyoutofcontrolanddoesn'tfollowBarney'sdirections.Sotheyhavetobuild（heir

relationshipfromthatpoint."

1.WhoistheauthorofDune?

A.WesAnderson.B.DenisVilleneuve.

C.FrankHerbert.D.SarahSmith.

2.Whichfilmprobablymakesviewersfeelafraid?

A.Antlers.B.Ron'sGoneWrong.

C.Dune.D.TheFrenchDispatch.

3.WhatdoTheFrenchDispatchandRon'sGoneWronghaveincommon?

A.Theyhavethemostfamousstars.

B.Theybringmuchpleasuretoviewers.

C.Theirstoriesarebasedonlocals.

D.TheyaresetinaFrenchtown.

B

WhenJaneGoodallwas6,duringWorldWarII,shewasoftenwokenbyalarms（警報(bào)）.

Thesoundwarnedthatenemyplaneswereflyingeverhertown.Herlittlesisterwouldruntothe

bombshelter.ButGoodallrefusedtomove."Ididnotwanttoleavemybed,"shesaid."They

hadtotakemedownwithallmybedclothesfrommybed."

Thatsamestubbornness（固力1）ledhertobecome（heworld'sbest-knownbiologist.In1960,

shestayedformonthsintheforestsofTanzaniain?Xfrica.wai（ingforchimpanzees（黑猩猩）

toaccepther,Whentheydid,G（M）dallwasabletoobservethemupcloseanddiscoverthatthey

couldusetools.In1962.universityprofessorscriticized（指責(zé)）Goodallforusinghumannames

andemotionstodescribechimps."iwasnotagainstthem,"shesays."Ijustquietlywenton

doingwhatiknewwasright."Shebelievesthatchimpsaresmartsocialanimals,whichisnow

widelyaccepted.

In1986,Goodallwenttoameetingonhabitatlossthatchangedherideasaboutnature.Shenot

onlyjustdidresearch,butalsobeganascheduleoftravelandcharitywork.After35years,she's

stillonthejob,Goodallsharesherlifestorytogetpeopleawareofenvironmentalprotection.

BeforetheCOVID-19,Goodalltraveled300daysayear.Shespokealschoolgatheringsand

talkshows.SinceMarch20201Goodallhashertravels.However,shehastakenhotelsand

lecturehallsasherbedroomforthepastyearandahalf.Herdeterninationtospreadher

messagekeepsherthereforhourseachday.Goodalldoes.onaverage.threevirtuallecturesor

interviewsbetweenbreakfastandbedtime.Herstoriesleaveaudiencesfeelinghopefulabout

ourplanet.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinparagraph1?

A.Goodall'sbeautifulchildhoodwasruined.

B.Goodall'sfamilywerenotpleasedwithher.

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C.Goodalllivedapoorlifewhenshewaslittle.

D.Goodallhasbeendeterminedsinceherchildhood.

5.WhatdidGcx)dalldotogetalongwithchimpanzees?

A.Shetreatedthemalmostashumans.

B.Shetaughtthemtousetools.

C.Shetrainedthemtobecomesmart.

D.Sheobservedtheminthedistance.

6.WhydidGoodallstarthertravelandcharitywork?

A.Tofurtherherresearchaboutnature.

B.Tohaveameetingonhabitatloss.

C.ToshareherlifestoriesinTanzania.

D.Tomakepeopleprotecttheenvironment.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suspended"inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Remembered.B.Planned.C.Stopped.D.Increased.

c

OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear.nearly30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacross

sixstates—from/XrkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisinthemidwest.More(han100tornado

warningswereissued-themosteverforaday.ThetornadoinKen:uckycausedatleast50

people'sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthisstate'shistory.

Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnitedStatesisalsooneofthemost

geographicallyvariouscountries-fromdesertstoforeststomilesofcoastline.Whilethiscomes

withmanyadvantages,itunfortunatelyleavesthecountryeasilydamagedbyallkindsof

naturaldisasters.

DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisat

riskofwildfires,earthquakes,c.ndevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthempartofthecountryis

frequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricanesevery

year.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloocs.andthesearetheworst

floodsinAmericanhistory.

Thegovernmentsreviewedth?weathereventineachstate'shistorythatcausedthehighest

numberofdeathstodeterminetheworstnaturaldisasterineverystate.Thankstotheirlo-cation

andgeographicresearch,somestatesmadepreparationsaheadoftimetoavoidmass-casualty

（重大傷亡的）weatherevents.

However.manyotherpartsofthecountryhavebeenlessfbrtunate,experiencingmassivestorms

andfloods.Manysuchevents,!ikethe1900hurricanethathitGalvestonofTexas,killedso

manypeoplethatitwasimpossibletogetanexactnumberoffinaldeaths,especiallyduringthat

time.

Americanweathercontinuestobecomemorechangeable.In2018,therewere14weather

eventsthatcausedover$1bilionindamage.Andinmanypartsofthecountry,theseweather

eventscouldbecomeevenmeredestructive（毀滅性的）becauseofglobalwanning.

8.Whatdowcknowfrom（hefiguresinparagraph1?

A.Americasufferedfromseriousnaturaldisasters.

B.TornadoeswerethegreatestthreattoAmericans.

C.ThetomadoinKentuckywastheworstinAmerica.

D.LessandlessnaturaldisastershitAmerica.

9.Whatdocsparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.TheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.

B.TheearthquakesinthewestcoastofUS.

C.ThehurricanesalongtheeastcoastofUS.

D.ThenaturaldisastersindifferentpailsofUS.

10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAmerican'sweatherinthefuture?

A.Controllable.B.Unchangeable.C.Worrying.D.Pleasant.

11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AserioustornadoinKentucky

B.AweatlierreportfromtheUS

C.Tornadoescausinggreatdamage

D.CommonnaturaldisastersintheUS

D

Underwaterexplorershavediscoveredanancientshipwreck（沉船）intheruinsofalong-lost

sunkenEgyptiancityHeracleion.offthecoastofAlexandriainEgypt.Researchershaveproved

theshiptobeover2,000yearsoldamongtheruins.

AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportanteconomiccenter.itwasdestroyedbytheforcesof

nature.sinkingCTi%）rapidlyinthewater.Theremainsofthecity'shouses,temples,andmarkets

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havelaintenmetersdeepintheAbuQirBay,eastofpresent-dayAlexandria.Asa

result,underwa(erexplorersregularlymakeexcitingdiscoveriesthere.Amongthem,sta(uesand

stonetabletswithwordsmadeitpossibletofigureoutthecity'sname：Heracleion.

Researchersexplained(hattheshipwas25meterslong.Thediscoveryoftheshipwreckwas

fascinatingbecauseshipsfromthatperiodinhistorywereveryseldom.Theunderwater

researchshowedthattheshipwasstruckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemple.making

theshipatthebottomofthesea.Dr.MustafaWaziri,Secretary-GeneraloftheHigher

ArchaeologyCouncil,saidtheshipwasinthecanal(運(yùn)河)whichflowedalongthesideofthe

TempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecityjnakingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.

Whiletheshipwreckdiscover)'wasexciting,underwaterexplorersdiscovered(heremainsofa

Greekcemetery(墓地)datingbacktothe4thcenturyBCduringtheunderwater

exploration.Researchersexplainedthat(hediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.TheybuilttheirowntemplesnearthetempleofAniun,andtheremainsofbothhavebeen

foundtogetherandingoodconditioninthesunkencitysome7milesoffthecoastofEgypt.

Itisworthnoting(hatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrossthe

NileDelta.betorethecityofAlexandriawasfoundedin331BC.Severalearthquakesdestroyed

it.

12.WhydidthecityHeracleiondisappear?

A.Itwasdestroyedby(heGreektraders.

B.Itwashitandcoveredbyabigflood.

C.Itwasunimportantandwasdeserted.

D.Itwasdestroyedandsankinto(hesea.

13.Whatcausedtheshiptosinkintothesea?

A.Itsownlength.B.Aterribleearthquake.

C.Carryingtoomanystones.D.Thebuildingofatemple.

14.WhatcanbeinferredfromthediscoveryofaGreekcemetery?

A.TheGreekcemeterywasdestroyed.

B.GreektradersbuiltthetempleofAmun.

C.Heracleionwasprobablyatradecenter.

D.GreekhasalongerhistorythanEgypt.

15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthetext?

A.History.B.Environment.C.Sport.D.Education.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

HowtoMemorizeaLongTextintheShortestTimeIfyou'veevertriedtomemorizealong

text.youarelikelytojustrepeatthesentencesoverandoveragain.(I)Instead.using

memorizationtechniquesthatsuityourlearningstylecanmakeadifference.

Dividethetextintoseparateparts.(2)Useittodividethetextintosmallerparts.Yourparts

won'tnecessarilyagreewithwholeparagraphs.Instead,eachofthemshoulddis-cussasingle

idea.Nowthatyou'vefoundyourparts,startonebyoneuntilyoucanmemorizeitwithout

lookingatthetext.

(3)Addthemelody(旋律)ofasongtothetexttomakeiteasierforyoutoremember.Choose

afamiliarmelodyoryourfavoritesongthatyoucantitthetextinto.ltdoesn'tmatterwhether

thewordsoftextsoundstrange,aslongasyoucanmakeitworkasasong.

Recordyourreadingthetextifyou'reanauditory(聽覺型的)leamer.Anauditorylearn-ercan

moreeasilystorethingstomemorybylistening(othemoverandoveragain.Ifthat'syou,then

themosteffectivewayforyoutomemorizeatextisbyhearingit.Recordyourreadingthetext

youwanttomemorize,soyoucanlistentoit.⑷

Memorizethefirstletterofeachwordofthetexttocreateashortcut(捷徑).Theabilityto

memorizesomethingsometimesmeanstheabilitytorecall(heinformationinyourmemory.To

exerciseyourabilitytorecall,makeanewpagewithonlythefirstletterofeachsentenceinthe

text.(5)

A.Thentrytorecall(hetextusingonlythosefirstletters.

B.Turnthewordsintoasongtohelpyourememberthem.

C.Theactofspeakingandlisteningmayimproveyourmemory.

D.Howeverjhisisn'tnecessarlythequickestwayinshorttime.

E.Lookforwordsthatyouwcn'thavetoworkhardtomemorize.

F.Onceyougothroughthe(ext,youmayknowitsgeneralstructure.

G.ICstimetoput(hemtogethersoyoucanmemorizethewholetext.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

OnLakePiikajarvi,PasiWidgrenmadeanimageofafoxthatmeasures90metersfromheadto

tail.Forthesixthyearinarow.the40-year-oldbuildingdesignerinFinlandhas(2l)aver)flarge

workofartonthe(22)lake.Widgrenlivesnearthelake.He(23)ashovel(鏟子)tocreatethe

artworksonice,Theymeltfromsightovertimeor(24)undersnow.

Widgrenmadehisfirsticepictureinthe(25)of2016.Theideatomakesuchpiecescameto

him(26).HevisitedLakePilkajarvionDecember4.Hetestedthe(27)oftheiceafterhearrived

to(28)itwasstrongenoughtowalkand(29)on.hwasabout10-15centimetersthick.Afterfour

hoursofwork,Widgrenwas(30).

Hethenwalkedupahillsideabout150metersabove(helaketogetagood⑶)athislarge

artwork.Hetooksomepicturestomark(he(32).

However,severaldayslatertheimagewasharderto(33)becauseitthensnowedalitdc.Butits

lackofpermanence(永.久)wasnota(34)foritscreator.Hehopedtheartworkwouldmake

peoplehappyandmovethemtogoforawalkinwhathecalled"beautifulnature"."It's

importanttomethatmakingthiskindofartdoesn'tleaveany(35)onnature,"Widgrensaid.

21.A.identifiedB.imaginedC.discoveredD.created

22.A.clearB.smoothC.frozenD.distant

23.A.measuresB.stealsC.donatesD.uses

24.A.disappearB.escapeC.recoverD.prove

25.A.springB.summerC.autumnD.winter

26.A.suddenlyB.secretlyC.normallyD.absolutely

27.A.weightB.areaC.thicknessD.length

28.A.giveawayB.makesureC.wakeupD.takeover

29.A.workB.relyC.concenirateD.act

30.A.nearbyB.doneC.preparedD.concerned

31.A.journeyB.timeC.lookD.impression

32.A.effortB.promotionC.performanceD.course

33.A.controlB.seeC.protectD.confirm

34.A.problemB.balanceC.reasonD.protest

35.A.valuesB.marksC.chancesD.evidences

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.TheerhuisatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.ltisthemostpopularofthehuqin

family.

Themodemerhudevelopedfromxigin,\vhichwasplayedbymanyethnicminorities(少

數(shù)民族)duringtheTangDynasty.IntheSongDynasty,(1)(musician)begantousethis

typeofhuqin(2)(perforin)differentkindsofmusic,anditbecamequiteapopular

instrument.(3)theriseofsomeformsoffolkart,theartoferhudevelopedquicklyduring

theMingandQingDynasties.hbecame(4)importantaccompanyinginstrumentin

differentfolkmusic.Nowitisusedinbothtraditionalandmodernmusic,suchasin

pop,rockandjazz.lthasevenbecomeasolo(獨(dú)奏的)instrument.Oneofthemostfamous

musicalpiecesplayedontheerhu⑸(be)TheMoonOveraFountain.

Astheerhuwas⑹(main)playedbycommonpeopleandtheplayingskillswerepassed

down(7)oraltradition.therearefewwrittenrecordsabouttheerhuthatcan(8)

(find).Tostudythehistory-andthe(9)(develop)ofth?erhu,historiansusuallyturn

toancientpaintings.TheearliestpicturesofthisinstrumentwerefoundinYulinCavesand

EasternThousandBuddhaCavesinGansuProvince,(10)fiveerhupictureswere

discovered.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

⑼

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(10)

五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）

37.你校將舉辦英語演講比賽，請(qǐng)你以"Ilovemyfamily”為題寫?篇發(fā)言稿參賽，內(nèi)容

包括：

1.介紹你的家庭；

2.敘述你家發(fā)生的一件事；

3.你的感想。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Ilovemyfamily

38.Iliveinacitywherejobsaredifficulttogetandifyouwanttofindawell-paidjob,ilwill

beevenharder.Therefore.itisnotsurprisingforyoutoseemanypeopleinourcitywalk

alongwaybecausetheycan'tevenaffordanoldusedcar.

Itwasacoldwindyday.Isawoneofthesepeoplewhooftenhavetowalkfromandto

workeveryday.whenIwasdrivingafterwork.Amiddle-agedmanwearingonlyathin

over-coalwaswalkingdowntheroadandiryingtoaskforaridefromthepassing

cars.Unluckily,therewasnodriverwillingtostoptheircars.WhenIsawtwocarsinfront

ofmepasshimby,Iwantedtodothesame.Butthesightofthatpoormanremainedinmy

mindforquiteanioment.1fellasifabighandwasdraggingmeandforcingmenotto

leave.FinallyIdrewbackandgavehimaride.

AsIdrovealong,wehadaconversation.duringwhichhetoldmesomethingabout

him-selfandhisfamily.Ilearntthatthemanwasdoingeverythinghecouldtosupporthis

familyusingthelimitedsalaryfromseveralpart-timejobs./Xsyoucouldimagine,every

coinheearnedwasgoingtobeusedtopayforthehouseandfood.

Itwasalongdrivebeforewegottohishome.Alltheway,Icouldfeelhishardshipand

tiredness.Butaswecameclosetothehousewherehewasliving,!sawhistiredeyesgrow

brightandthewholebodywaslitup.Hislovelygirlwasplayinginthefrontyard.Seeing

herfatherwasoutofthecar,sherantohimasquicklyaspossible.reachingouthertwo

smallhands.Heheldthegirlwithhistwostronghands,laughingandkissinghercheeks.I

waslostinthathappymoment.Ismiled,saidgoodbyetothem.wishedthemthefuture

happinessandthendroveoff.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Onmywayhome,somethingcameintomymind.

Halfanhourlater,!gothome.

第1()Ui,共22頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

（解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dune部分重點(diǎn)OnlybigscreenscanactuallymatchFrank

Herbert'sscience-fictionworks.（只有大屏幕才能與弗蘭克?赫伯特

的科幻作品相媲美。）可知電影Dune的作者是FrankHcrbcrl.故選C。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Antlers中的Thefrighteningstoryofthisfilmisfromnative

AmericantalesaboutWendigo.（這部電影的可怕故事來自印

第安人關(guān)于雪怪的故事。）可知電影Anllers可能會(huì)讓觀眾感到害怕。故選A。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheFrenchDispatch中的The10thfilmbyWesAnderson.a

writer-director.bringsgreatjoytohisfans.（這部由編劇兼導(dǎo)演韋斯

?安德森執(zhí)導(dǎo)的第十部電影給他的粉絲們帶來了巨大的歡樂。）以及Ron、GoneWrong

中的Thecartoonisafamilycomedy（喜?。?Itshero,Barney,isgivenwhatseems

tobeaperfecttoy-ashinyrobotwhichisprogrammedtobehisfriend.

（這部動(dòng)畫片是一部家庭喜劇。故事的主人公巴尼（Barney）得到了一個(gè)看似完美的玩

具一一個(gè)發(fā)光的機(jī)器人，它被設(shè)定為巴尼的朋友。）可知TheFrenchDispaich和

Ron'sGoneWrong的共同之處在于他們給觀眾帶來了很多樂趣。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了幾部電影的基本情況。

考查日常生活類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

4?7.【答案】D、A、D、C

【解析】（1）D.目的意圖題。根據(jù)文的第二段首句"Thatsamestubbornness（固執(zhí)）led

hertobecometheworld'sbes:-knownbiologist."（相同的固執(zhí)讓她成為了世界上著名的生

物學(xué)家。）可知，本句話承二啟下，總結(jié)第一段內(nèi)容，故在第一段作者機(jī)密表達(dá)Goodall

從小就是一個(gè)有決心的人，故選D。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"In1960.shestayedformonthsiniheforestsof

TanzaniainAfrica,waitinglorchimpanzees（黑猩猩）toacceptner."（在20世名己60年彳弋，

她在非洲塔桑尼亞森林待了幾個(gè)月,等著黑猩猩接受她。）以及"In1962,university

professorscriticized（指賁）Goodallforusinghumannamesandemotionstodescribe

chimps."（在1962年,大學(xué)教授指責(zé)Goodall用人類的名字和情感來描述黑猩猩。）可

知，為了和黑猩猩相處，Goodall幾乎像對(duì)待人類-一樣對(duì)待它們，故選A。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Shenotonlyjustdidresearch.butalsobegan

ascheduleoftravelandcharitywork.After35years,she'sstillonthejob.Goodallsharesherlife

storytogetpeopleawareofenvironmentalprotection."（她不僅從事研究，而且開始定期旅

游，做慈善。35年后，她仍然在這么做。Goodall分享她的故事是為了讓人們意識(shí)到環(huán)

境保護(hù)。）可知，Goodall開始她的旅行，做慈善是為了讓人們保護(hù)環(huán)境，故選D。

（4）C.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"BeforeIheCOVID-19,Goodalltraveled300days

ayear.Shespokeatschoolgatheringsandtalkshows.SinceMarch2020,Goodallhas___her

travels."（在新冠疫情爆發(fā)前，Goodall每年有300天都在旅游做慈善。自從2020年3

月，Goodall就—她的旅行。）可知，因?yàn)橐咔橛?020年1月初大面積爆發(fā)，因此不

得不停止她的旅行，繼而轉(zhuǎn)向賓館，通過視頻方式宣講，故此處suspended意為“停止”，

A.Remembered記?。築.Planned計(jì)劃；C.Stopped停止；D.Increased增力口。故選C。

本文為一篇記敘文，講述了Goodall是如何與大猩猩相處，如何研究大猩猩，并且展開

旅行宣講，提升人們保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題

一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料：其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材

料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再I可到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善

于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性，對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，

仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

8?11.【答案】A、D、C、D

［解析］（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly

30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacrosssixstates-fromArkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisin

themidwest.Morethan100tornadowarningswereissued-therrosteverforaday.The

tornadoinKentuckycausedalleast50people'sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthis

state'shistory.（在去年12月的最后兩天里，從南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利諾伊州，

近30次龍卷風(fēng)在六個(gè)州造成了巨大的破壞，發(fā)布了100多個(gè)龍卷風(fēng)警告，這是有史以

來最多的一天。行塔基州的龍卷風(fēng)造成至少50人死亡，這被描述為該州歷史上最嚴(yán)重

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的一次。）”可知，文章第一段列舉的數(shù)字說明美國遭受了嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，造成了極

大的破壞，故選A。

（2）D.段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段"DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesof

naturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcanic

eruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,and（heeastcoast

facesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenflooded

byhugefloods.andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.（美國不同地區(qū)面臨不同

類型的自然災(zāi)害。西海岸面臨野火、地震甚至火山爆發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。該國南部地區(qū)經(jīng)常受到

龍卷風(fēng)的襲擊，東海岸每年都面臨嚴(yán)重颶風(fēng)的威脅?？拷恿鞯闹形鞑康貐^(qū)經(jīng)常被巨大

的洪水淹沒，這些都是美國歷史上最嚴(yán)重的洪水。）"可知，第三段主要講述美國不同

地區(qū)面臨不同類型的自然災(zāi)害，并主要介紹美國不同地區(qū)的自然災(zāi)害，故選D。

（3）C.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后?段"Americanweathercontinuestobecomemore

changeable.In2018,therewere14weathereventsthatcausedover$1billionin

damage.AndinmanypartsofthecountrjMheseweathereventscouldbecomeevenmore

destructive（毀滅性的）becauseofglobalwanning.（美國的天氣維續(xù)變得更加多變。

2018年，有14個(gè)天氣事件，造成超過10億美元的損失。在該國的許多地方，由于全球

變暖，這些天氣事件可能會(huì)變得更具毀滅性。）”可知，美國的天氣多變，可能會(huì)變得

更具毀滅性。故推知美國未夾的天氣是令人擔(dān)心的、不容樂觀的,A.Controllable可控的；

B.Unchangeable可改變的；C.Worrying令人擔(dān)心的；D.Pleasant愉快的。故選C。

（4）D.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段"Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnited

Statesisalsooneofthemostgeographicallyvariouscountries—fromdesertstoforeststomiles

ofcoastline.（作為世界上最大的國家之一，美國也是在地理環(huán)境上最多樣化的國家之

一，從沙漠到森林再到數(shù)英里的海岸線。）"及第三段"DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStates

facedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,and

evenvolcaniceruptions.Thesauthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andthe

eastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversare

oftenfloodedbyhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.（美國不同

地區(qū)面臨不同類型的自然災(zāi)害。西海岸面臨野火、地震甚至火山爆發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。該國南部

地區(qū)經(jīng)常受到龍卷風(fēng)的襲擊，東海岸每年都面臨嚴(yán)重颶風(fēng)的威脅。靠近河流的中西部地

區(qū)經(jīng)常被巨大的洪水淹沒，這些都是美國歷史上最嚴(yán)重的洪水。）”可知，本文主要介

紹美國地理環(huán)境多樣化，常年遭遇很多自然災(zāi)害，并且不同地區(qū)常年面臨不同的自然災(zāi)

害。故文章的標(biāo)題是CommonNaturalDisastersintheUS（美國常見的自然災(zāi)害）。故選

Do

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述美國地理環(huán)境多樣化，天氣多變，常年遭受自然災(zāi)害，

不同地區(qū)遭受不同的自然災(zāi)害。

1.宜接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原

文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，

做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某?句話，可能是

原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來

分析。

12?15.【答案】D、B、C、A

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportant

economiccenter.itwasdestroyedbytheforcesofnature.sinking

（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心，但它

被大自然的力量摧毀，迅速沉入水中）"，第二段最后一句"Anearthquakestruckthe

city,makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.（一場(chǎng)地震襲

擊了這座城市，寺廟被毀，船沉了）”可知，Heracleion這座城市因地震而沉入水中。故

選D項(xiàng)。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題v根據(jù)第三段第二句"Theunderwaterresearchshowedthattheshipwas

struckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemple.makingtheshipat（hebottomofthesea.

（水下研究表明，這艘船是被附近寺廟的幾塊大石頭擊中的.使得這艘船沉入了海底）

”以及第三段最后一句"Anearthquakestruckthecity,makingthetempledestroyedandthe

shipsink.（一場(chǎng)地震襲擊了這座城市，寺廟被毀，船沉了）"

可知，地震中巨石砸到了這條船，使船沉入海底。故選B項(xiàng)，

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportant

economiccenter,（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心）"，第四

段第二句"ResearchersexplainedthatthediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.Theybuilttheirowntemplesnear（hetempleofAmun

（研究人員解釋說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明希臘商人曾居住在這座城市，他們?cè)诎⒚缮駨R附近建

造了自己的廟宇"可知，有希臘商人住在Heracleion這座埃及的重:要經(jīng)濟(jì)中心的城市，

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還修了了自己的廟宇，可見這些希臘商人長(zhǎng)久定居在此，可推斷Heracleion的貿(mào)易發(fā)達(dá)，

可能是個(gè)商業(yè)城市。故選C項(xiàng)。

（4