英國文學簡史復習資料全套

英國文學簡史復習資料全套I.OldEnglishLiterature&theLateMedievalAges<Beowulf>貝奧武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsGeoffreyChaucer杰弗里?喬叟1340(?)~1400ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.①

<TheCanterburyTales>坎特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse‘heroiccouplet’(雙韻體)bymiddleEnglish②<TroilusandCriseyde>特羅伊拉斯和克萊希德③

<TheHouseofFame>聲譽之宮IITheRenaissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissance:

theactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.ThreehistoricaleventsoftheRenaissance–rebirthorrevival:1.newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology2.thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3.rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.WilliamShakespeare威廉?莎士比亞1564~1616l①

Historicalplays:HenryVI亨利六世;

HenryIV:

RichardIII查理三世;

HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII②FourComedies:

<AsYouLikeIt>皆大歡喜;<TwelfthNight>第十二夜;<AMidsummerNight’SDream>仲夏夜之夢;<MerchantOfVenice>威尼斯商人③FourTragedies:

<Hamlet>哈姆萊特;<Othello>奧賽羅;<KingLear>李爾王;<Macbeth>麥克白④ShakespeareSonnet:154<TheSonnets>Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.⑤thecomedyoferrors錯中錯，TitusAndronicus泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯，TheTamingoftheshrew馴悍記Love'slabour'slost（愛的徒勞）RomeoandJuliet羅密歐與朱麗葉Muchadoaboutnothing（無事生非）ThemerrywivesofWindsor.溫莎的風流娘們KingJohn約翰王All'swellthatendswell終成眷屬Measureformeasure（一報還一報）Bacon:

OfStudies;

OfBeauty;OfMarriageandSingleLife

EnglishBourgeoisRevolution，<The

AdvancementofLearning>學術的推進III：theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolution.Milton：1608~1674ParadiseLost;SamsonAgonistes(力士參孫);OnthemorningofChrist’sNativity，<ParadisenRegained>復樂園<OnHisBlindness>我的失明<Areopagitica>論出版自由n<TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople>為英國人民聲辯Bunyan:1628~1688①ReligionaryAllegory:<ThePilgrim’sProgress>天路歷程nGraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinner;theHolyWarJohnDon:

theMetaphysicalpoet(玄學派詩人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄學詩)：（用語）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主題：love,religious,thought）TheFlea;跳蚤ForbbidingMourning，SongsAndSonnets歌與十四行詩，emergentoccasions突變引起的誠念HelysonnetsIVThe18thCentury：EnlightenmentArevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion(抑制情感)andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:

themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)小說崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEnglishnovelrised(realisticnovel現(xiàn)實主義小說)Gothicnovel(哥特式小說)：mystery,horror,castles(frommiddleparttotheendofcentury)JonathanSwift喬納森?斯威夫特1667~1745（十八世紀杰出的政論家和諷刺小說家amastersatirist。）①<Gulliver’sTravels>格列佛游記(fictionalwork)Fourparts:Lilliput小人國Brobdingnag大人國FlyingIsland飛島Houyhnhnm馬島<AModestProposal>一個小小的建議n②<TheBattleofBooks>書戰(zhàn)③<ATaleofaTub>木桶的故事n④<TheDrapper’sLetters>一個麻布商的書信⑤

BickerstaffAlmanac比克斯塔福歷書DanielDefoe丹尼爾?笛福1660~1731（小說家，新聞記者，小冊子作者；十八世紀英國現(xiàn)實主義小說的奠基人。）lHeisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,and

heisthefounderofrealisticnovel.①<RobinsonnCrusoe>魯賓遜漂流記ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.②<MollFlanders>③<ColonelJacque>④<Captainsingleton>辛格頓船長HenryFielding亨利?菲爾丁1707~1754ThefunderoftheEnglishrealisticworldHeiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.

Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”(散文體史詩),andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.①novels:<TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling>棄嬰湯姆?瓊斯<TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews>約瑟夫?安德魯<TheLifeofMrJonathanWild,theGreat>大詩人江奈生?威爾德<Amelia>愛米利亞n②plays:<TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736>一七三六年歷史記事<DonQuixoteinEngland>堂吉柯德在英國nWilliamBlake威廉?布萊克1757~1827①

<SongsofInnocence>天真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren’seye.②<SongsofExperience>經(jīng)驗之歌Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes.Include:

<TheChimneySweeper>掃煙囪的小孩<London><TheTyger>LambisasymbolofpeaceandpurityTygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence③<TheMarriageofHeavenandHell>天堂與地獄的婚姻nRobertBurns羅伯特?彭斯1759~1796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.Poems

ChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫的詩①<JohnAnderson,MyJo>約翰?安德生，我的愛人，ChieflyintheScottishDialect，蘇格蘭抒情歌謠集②<ARed,RedRose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰n③<AuldLongnSyne>友誼地久天長④<AMan’saManforA’That>不管那一套n⑤<MyHeart’sinthenHighlands>我的心在那高原上⑥<BruceAtBannockburn>⑦<TheTreeOfLiberty>自由樹FarewelltoScotland再見蘇格蘭VTheRomanticPeriodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’s<LyricalBallads>,andendin1832withSirWalterScott’sdeath.Romanticism:Itemphasizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual’smind.(人應該是獨立自由的個體)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.TwomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realistic)andWalterScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔詩人，wholivedinthelakedistrict.WilliamWordsworth;SamuelTaylorColeridge;RobertSoutheyWilliamWordsworth威廉?華茲華斯1770~1850①<LyricalBallads>抒情歌謠集(withSamuelTaylorColeridge)②<IWonderedLonelyAsACloud>③MyHeartLeapsupWhenIBehold，④AboveTinternAbbey;⑤IntimationsofImmortality⑥LinesComposedAFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey⑦TheSolitaryReaper孤獨的割麥女⑧<ThePrelude>序曲GeorgeGordonByron喬治?戈登?拜倫1788~1824（拜倫式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂熱、浪漫，卻充滿了反抗精神。內(nèi)心充滿了孤獨與苦悶，卻又蔑視群小。恰爾德?哈羅德是拜倫詩歌中第一個“拜倫式英雄”。）l“Byronichero”isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinciples.①<DonJuan>唐?璜<ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage>恰爾德?哈羅德爾游記<Cain>該隱②<WhenWeTwoParted>當初我們倆分別<SheWalksInBeauty>MySoulisDark;TheFirstKissofLove;PersyByssheShelley波西?比希?雪萊1792~1822①PoeticDrama：<PrometheusUnbound>解放了的普羅米修斯Theme:thedramacelebraiesman’svictoryovertyrannyandoppression②<QueenMab>麥布女王<RevoltofIslam>伊斯蘭的反叛<TheCenci>欽契一家<ADefenceofPoetry>詩辯<TheNecessityofAtheism>無神論的必要性③Lyrics:<OdetotheWestWind>西風頌Love'sPhilosophy;TheCloud;ToaSkylark(致云雀);JohnlKeats約翰?濟慈1795~1821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩句。)①Fourgreatodes:<OdeonaGrecianUrn>希臘古甕頌<OdetoaNightingale>夜鶯頌<OdetoPsyche>心靈頌<OdeOnMelancholy>憂郁頌②<ToAutumn>秋頌n③③

IsabellaVITheVictorianPeriod

1832-1900

EnglishCriticalRealism(VictorianEra)Commonsenseandmoralpropreity,againbecamethepredominantpreoccupation.Criticalrealistswereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeopleandeverydayevents.CharlesDickens查爾斯?狄更斯1812~1870（批判現(xiàn)實主義小說家）thegreatestrepresentativeofEnglishcriticalrealistwriter①<ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub>匹克威克外傳②<OliverTwist>奧利弗?特維斯特（霧都孤兒）③<TheOldCuriosityShop>老古玩店④<AChristmasCarol>圣誕頌歌⑤<DombeyandSon>董貝父子⑥<DavidCopperfield>大衛(wèi)?科波菲爾⑦<BleakHouse>荒涼山莊<HardTimes>艱難時世⑧<ATaleofTwoCities>雙城記(London&Paris)⑨<GreatExpectations>遠大前程⑩<OurMutualFriend>我們共同的朋友SketchesbyBoz;AmericanNotes美國札記WilliamMakepeaceThackeray威廉?麥克匹斯?薩克雷1811~1863①<VanityFair>oraNovelwithoutaHero名利場(thenameisanexcerptfrom<ThePilgrim’sProgress>byJohnBunyan)②<TheBookOfSnobs>③Cox'sDiary庸人之書JaneAusten簡?奧斯丁1775~1817lShecomparedherworkstoafineengravinguponaliterarypieceofivoryonlyinchessquire.①<SenseandSensibility>理智與感情<PrideandPrejudic>傲慢與偏見<MansfieldPark>曼斯菲爾德莊園<Emma>愛瑪<NorthangerAbbey>諾桑覺寺<Persuasion>勸導CharlotteBronte夏洛蒂?勃朗特1816~1855①<JaneEyre>簡?愛②<Shirley>雪莉③<Professor>教師EmilyBronte艾米莉?勃朗特1818~1854①<WutheringnHeights>呼嘯山莊<OldStoic>GeorgeEliot喬治?艾略特1819~1880l①

<TheMillontheFloss>弗洛斯河上的磨坊

②<AdamnBede>亞當?比德③<

SilasnMarner>織工馬南④<Middlemarch>米德爾馬契MidandLate19thCenturyRobertBrowning羅伯特?白朗寧1812~1889①<MyLastDutchess>我已故的公爵夫人②<HomeThoughtsFromAbroad>海外鄉(xiāng)思MenandWomen;DramaticLyrics;PippaPaaaes;TheRingandtheBook;ElizabethBarrettBrowing:①

<SonnetfromthePortuguese>葡萄牙十四行詩Christina.G.Rossetti:1830-1894

SeekandFind;AStoryforGirls;Song;ABirthdayVII1900~1950The20thCenturyPlaywrights①OscarWilde②GeorgeBernardShawHenrryJames:

thewingsofadove;aportraitofawomen;DaisyMiller;theambassadors;thegoldenbowlGeorgeBernardShaw喬治?伯納?蕭1856~1950(英國杰出的批判現(xiàn)實主義劇作家）criticalrealisticdramatist①PlaysUnpleasant<MrsWarren’SProfession>華倫夫人的職業(yè)<Widowers’Houses>鰥夫的房產(chǎn)②PlaysPleasant<ArmsAndMan>武器與人<TheManOfDestiny>左右命運的人③Plays<ManAndSuperman>人與超人<Pygmalion>匹格瑪利翁<TheAppleCart>蘋果車<SaintnJoan>圣女貞德HeartbreakHouse.ThomaslHardy托馬斯?哈代1840~1928（小說多以農(nóng)村生活為背景；自然主義小說家。Wessexnovels;novelsofcharacterandenvironment）⑴Novels①<TessOfTheD’Urbervilles>德伯家的苔絲Theme:experienceisastointensity,andnotastoduration②<JudeTheObscure>無名的裘德③<UnderTheGreenwoodTree>綠蔭下④<FarFromnTheMaddingCrowd>遠離塵囂⑤<TheMayorOfCasterbridge>卡斯特橋市長⑥<TheReturnoftheNative>還鄉(xiāng)⑵Poems：WessexPoemsAndOtherVerses，PoemsOfThePastAndPresentTheDynasts列國OscarWilde奧斯卡?王爾德1856~1900salome（TheAestheticMovement:ArtforArt’sSake）①4Comedies:<TheImportanceOfBeingEarnest>認真的重要<LadyWindermere’sFan>溫德米爾夫人的扇子<AWomanOfNoImportance>一個無足輕重的女人<AnIdealHusband>理想的丈夫②Novel:<ThePictureOfDorianGray>多利安?格雷的畫像③FairyStories:<TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales>快樂王子故事集TheTruthOfMasks.WilliamButlerlYeats威廉?勃特勒?葉茨1865~1939（愛爾蘭詩人，劇作家；TheIrishnationalistmovement愛爾蘭獨立運動；TheIrishLiteraryRevival愛爾蘭文藝復興；TheIrishLiteraryTheater,ortheAbbeyTheater愛爾蘭民族劇團）⑴collections①

<TheWindAmongTheReeds>葦風<Responsibilities>責任②

<TheTower>塔<TheWindingStair>旋轉(zhuǎn)的樓梯⑵Poems<Easter1916>復活節(jié)，1916<TheSecondComing>第二次來臨/再世<SailingToByzantium>到拜占庭航行WhenYouareOld;

TheLakeIsleofInnisfree;ThomasSternsEliot（詩人，劇作家，批評家）⑴Poems①

<TheWasteLand>②

<FourQuartets>四個四重奏③

<TheLoveSongOfJ.AlfredPrufrock>⑵Plays

①<MurderInTheCathedral>大教堂謀殺案MorningattheWindow;DavidHerbertLawrence戴維?赫伯特?勞倫斯1885~1930

Modernist<SonsAndLovers>兒子與情人(autobiographical)②<TheRainbow>虹n③<WomenInLove>戀愛中的女人④<LadyChatterley’sLover>查特萊夫人的情人JameslJoyce詹姆斯?喬伊斯1882~1941

Modernist（愛爾蘭小說家，意識流小說的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness<Ulysses>尤利西斯(S_O_C)<APortraitOfTheArtistAsAYoungMan>一個青年藝術家的肖像<FinnegansWake>芬尼根的蘇醒<Dubliners>都柏林人VirginiaWoolf弗吉尼婭?沃爾芙1882~1941

Modernist（意識流小說的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness①Novels<MrsnDalloway>達洛維夫人<ToTheLighthouse>到燈塔