2022年河南省名校聯(lián)考高二下學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考英語試題

2021-2022學(xué)年下期第二次聯(lián)考高二英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項。A4beautifuldawnredwoodforestsinChinaThedawnredwoodisafast-growingtreethatlovessunshine.Itisveryadaptabletovariousenvironmentsandcangrowinbothsoilandshallowwater.Itusuallygrowsonhillsidesandinriversandvalleyswithamildclimateandsufficientwater.XuedouMountain,ZhejiangprovinceGeneraladmission:FreeBestviewingperiod:LateautumnLocation:Zhibukengvillage,Jidongtown,ZhejiangprovinceWithahistoryofhundredsofyears,theancientroadonXuedouMountaininShaoxingcity,EastChina'sZhejiangprovinceboastsfreshairandbeautifulsceneryofmountains,andwaterfalls,Intheautumn,thewaterfalls,dawnredwoodtrees,ancientroad,andwildflowersformanenchantingfairy-talelandscape.GutanReservoir,ZhejiangprovinceGeneraladmission:FreeBestviewingperiod:AutumntoearlywinterLocation:Guanlutown,Xianjucounty,ZhejiangprovinceEverylateautumn,dawnredwoodtreesintheGutanReservoir,EastChina'sZhejiangprovincedressingoldclothes,shininginthesunshineandresemblingafairy-taleworld.Thedawnredwoodforestalsodrawsmanytouriststowanderintheforest,takepictures,breathethefreshair,andenjoythetranquilityofnature.ChangtanHil,HunanprovinceGeneraladmission:FreeBestviewingperiod:EarlyDecemberLocation:Fenghuangcounty,XiangxiTujiaandMiaoautonomousprefecture,HunanprovinceInthewinter,thedawnredwoodforestinChangtangang,XiangxiTujiaandMiaoautonomousprefecture,CentralChina'sHunanprovincelooksmagnificentandmixeswiththeshadowsoftreesandtheblueskyandwaterlikeanaturalpalettespilledontheground.XiaoheSeedlingNurseryofDawnRedwood,HubeiprovinceGeneraladmission:FreeBestviewingperiod:LateautumnLocation:Zhonglutown,Lichuancity,HubeiprouinceAsthehometownofthedawnredwood,XiaoheinLichuancity,CentralChina'sHubeiprovinceisaseedlingnurserythatishometomorethan5,000dawnredwoodtreeslistedforprotection,whichisthelargestdawnredwoodtreecommunityintheworld.Lateautumnisthebesttimetoappreciateadawnredwoodgardeninthecity.1.WhatisthebesttimetovisitXuedouMountain?A.Winter. B.Spring. C.Lateautumn. D.Summer.2.Wheredoesthelargestdawnredwoodtreecommunityintheworldlie?A.Hubeiprovince. B.Hunanprovince.C.Zhejiangprovince. D.Yunnanprovince.3.Whatdothesebeautifuldawnredwoodforestshaveincommon?A.Thesamelocation. B.Thesameviewingperiod.C.Halffare. D.Freeentrance.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了中國四個水杉林。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)XuedouMountain,Zhejiangprovince部分的“Intheautumn,thewaterfalls,dawnredwoodtrees,ancientroad,andwildflowersformanenchantingfairy-talelandscape.（在秋天，瀑布、水杉樹、古道以及野花形成了一道迷人的神話般的風(fēng)景。）”可知，參觀XuedouMountain最好的季節(jié)應(yīng)該在秋季，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asthehometownofthedawnredwood,XiaoheinLichuancity,CentralChina'sHubeiprovinceisaseedlingnurserythatishometomorethan5,000dawnredwoodtreeslistedforprotection,whichisthelargestdawnredwoodtreecommunityintheworld.（作為紅杉林的故鄉(xiāng)，中國湖北省利川市的小河鎮(zhèn)是世界上最大的紅杉林區(qū)域，有著5000多棵受保護(hù)的紅杉林。）”可知，最大的紅杉林區(qū)域在湖北省，故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)所介紹的四個地區(qū)的“Generaladmission:Free（費用：免費。）”可知，這四個地區(qū)的共同點在于，它們都免費，故選D。BWhenyougoonholiday,wheredoyouliketostay?Doyouliketheluxuryofafive-starhotel,theconvenienceofaself-cateringapartmentordoyoupreferthefreedomofsleepingundertent?Ifyouhaven'ttriedthelatter,maybeyoushouldjointheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthesimplepleasuresofcamping.Bygrabbingyourtent,andsomeadditionalaccessories(配件),it'seasytoheadofftothecountrysideandenjoyanightortwounderthestars.Manycampersareditchingthetrappingsoftheirmodernlifetodothis,encouragedbyexpertswhosayafewpeacefulnightsinthemiddleofnowheremightbeagoodwaytounwindandimproveoursleeppatternsandwell-being.Itisalso,ofcourse,agoodlow-budgetholidayoption.Fortheadventurous,wildcampingistheultimateescapefromreality.Armedwithjustsomefoodandasleepingbag,you'refreefromrules,awayfromotherpeople,andabletoenjoytheback-to-basicsexperience.Onewildcamper,PhoebeSmith,toldtheNewYorkTimes:"Theactofsleepingwheneverybodyelsehasgonehome-whenyounoticethewildlifeandthestars-isoneofthebestthingsinlife."Butforthosewhostillwantsomehomecomforts,acampsiteisamoresuitableplacetosetupyourtent.Hereyouhavefacilitiessuchaswashrooms,ashopandmaybeevenarestaurant.IntheUSA,camping-andcaravanning(駕宿營車度假)-hasalwaysbeenpopular.OnesurveybyVisitAmericafoundaround4.38millionpeoplegocampinginUSAeveryyear.Onecampingretailer,Halfords,reportedasurgeindemandforproductssuchasstoves,coolboxesandcampingchairs.Withtheadditionofinflatablemattresses(充氣床墊)andpillows,powerfultorchesandlampstolightupyourtentandabetterselectionofeasy-to-cookfood,youcanalmostguaranteeacomfortableandenjoyablecampingexpedition.Theonlythingyoucan'tguarantee,intheUSA.isgoodweather!Somaybeit'stimetoslumit(將就點)andgivecampingatry.4.Whatisdescribedinthearticleasa‘back-to-basics’experience?A.Camping. B.Sleepingbag. C.Food. D.Apartment.5.Whatcan'tbeguaranteedwhencampingintheUSA?A.Water. B.Campsite. C.Weather. D.Coolboxes.6.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtocamp. B.Wholikescamping.C.Givecampingatry. D.Howpopularcampingbecomes.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Travel. C.Education. D.Health.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。主要講述了露營的方式以及露營帶來的好處，并建議大家積極嘗試露營，給心靈一個放松?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fortheadventurous,wildcampingistheultimateescapefromreality.Armedwithjustsomefoodandasleepingbag,you'refreefromrules,awayfromotherpeople,andabletoenjoytheback-to-basicsexperience.（對于那些愛冒險的人來說，野外露營是現(xiàn)實的逃離。帶上一些食物和睡袋，你就遠(yuǎn)離了規(guī)則，遠(yuǎn)離了他人，能夠完全享受這回歸本始的體驗。）”可知，露營被描述成一種回歸本始的體驗，故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theonlythingyoucan'tguarantee,intheUSA.isgoodweather!（在美國，你唯一無法保證的就是好天氣?。笨芍诿绹?，天氣是無法保證的，故選C。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenyougoonholiday,wheredoyouliketostay?Doyouliketheluxuryofafive-starhotel,theconvenienceofaself-cateringapartmentordoyoupreferthefreedomofsleepingundertent?Ifyouhaven'ttriedthelatter,maybeyoushouldjointheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthesimplepleasuresofcamping.（當(dāng)你度假時，你喜歡待在哪里？你是喜歡五星級賓館的奢華還是自助公寓的便利呢？亦或是睡帳篷的自由呢？如果你還未嘗試過后者，那么也許你應(yīng)該加入越來越多的喜歡露營的簡單的樂趣的人。）”可知，本文第一段提出露營，后文圍繞著露營，提出了露營的方式以及露營的好處，故C項“嘗試露營”符合本文大意，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenyougoonholiday,wheredoyouliketostay?（當(dāng)你放假時，你喜歡待在哪里呢？）”可知，本段主要提出了假期選擇露營，故本篇文章涉及到旅游，故本篇文章最可能出現(xiàn)在報紙旅游這一欄，故選B。CAreyougoodwithyourhands?Manyofusliketomakethingswhichwecanuseorgiveasgifts.Craftingiscertainlyahobbythat'sseenarebirth,andthosewhopursueitclaimgettingcreativeimprovestheirmood.TherecentlockdownscausedbytheCovidpandemicgavepeopletimeathometotryoutnewactivities,whichthey'vecontinuedtoenjoy.Manyturnedtohobbiessuchascraftmakingasawaytoreducetheirwork-from-homeburnout.Weaving,potteryandpaintingareallcraftsthathaveseenarevival(再度流行),andmanyofthemarebeingdonebyyoungerpeople.Butevenbeforethepandemic,peoplewereturningtoartsandcraftsasaninterestingpastimeandevenawaytomakeabitofpocketmoney.Numerouswebsites,suchasEtsyandFolksy,allowedpeopletoselltheirhandmadegoods.RichardSennett,authoroftheCraftsman,toldtheVOAthat:"Alotofpeoplearefindingtheirdayjobsprettyempty,whereaslearningacraftprovidesarealsatisfaction.It'saskill-thingslikecarpentryandweavingarementallyandphysicallystimulating,andpeoplegetinherentpleasureoutofthatkindofwork".TheInternethasalsobeentheplacetoturntobuycraftserieswhichhelpyougetstartedwithyourcraft-makingprojects,suchascandlemakingormacrame(編繩).Butmanypeopleareenjoyingdesigningandmakingthingsfromscratchandaredoingitjustforpleasureortooccupytheirminds-andthere'sevidencethatit'sgoodforusaswell.AccordingtoresearchcommissionedbyVOA,eventhebriefesttimespentonacreativepastimesuchaspainting,potteryorplayingthepiano,hasanimpactonourwellbeingandemotions.Thesurveyofaround50,000peoplefoundbeingcreativecanhelpavoidstress,freeupmindspaceandimproveself-development,whichhelpsbuildself-esteem.So,ifyou'relookingfortheperfectstimulantforyourstressed-outlife,maybenow'sthetimetogetcreative.8.WhichactivityismentallyandphysicallystimulatingaccordingtoRichardSennett?A.Carpentry. B.Photograph. C.Website. D.Writing.9.Whyhavepeoplerecentlyhadmoretimetopursuecraftactivities?A.Growingnumbersofpeopleareoutofwork.B.Manyyoungerpeoplearekeenonmakinggifts.C.TherecentlockdownswerecausedbytheCovidpandemic.D.Videosinallsortsofwebsitesdrewpeople'sattention.10.WhatisdoingcraftgoodforaccordingtoaVOAsurvey?A.Makingabigsumofmoney.B.Makingmorefriends.C.Havingadeepimpressiononus.D.Havinganimpactonourwellbeingandemotions.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthecreativepastime?A.Indifferent. B.Supportive. C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。主要講述了手工藝變得越來越流行，尤其是在疫情隔離期間，它再度流行起來，它對人們居家生活帶來了滿足感和幸福感?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“RichardSennett,authoroftheCraftsman,toldtheVOAthat:"Alotofpeoplearefindingtheirdayjobsprettyempty,whereaslearningacraftprovidesarealsatisfaction.It'saskill-thingslikecarpentryandweavingarementallyandphysicallystimulating,andpeoplegetinherentpleasureoutofthatkindofwork"（《匠人》的作者Richard告訴VOA：“很多人覺得他們?nèi)粘９ぷ魈珶o聊，學(xué)習(xí)一門手工藝會帶來真正的滿足感。它是一種技能，就像木工業(yè)和編織，它們是精神上和身體上的刺激，人們從這項手藝中能獲得內(nèi)心的喜悅?！保笨芍?，Richard認(rèn)為，木工業(yè)可以帶來身體上和精神上的刺激，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TherecentlockdownscausedbytheCovidpandemicgavepeopletimeathometotryoutnewactivities,whichthey'vecontinuedtoenjoy.Manyturnedtohobbiessuchascraftmakingasawaytoreducetheirwork-from-homeburnout.（由新冠引起的封城給了人們更多的時間嘗試新的活動。很多人轉(zhuǎn)向手工藝制作，作為一種減少在家上班的疲憊的方式。）”可知，由于新冠疫情導(dǎo)致的封城，居家隔離讓人們有時間來做手工藝，故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“AccordingtoresearchcommissionedbyVOA,eventhebriefesttimespentonacreativepastimesuchaspainting,potteryorplayingthepiano,hasanimpactonourwellbeingandemotions.（受VOA之托的一項研究表明，甚至是花最短的時間在創(chuàng)造性消遣活動上，比如說繪畫、陶藝或者彈鋼琴，都能給我們帶來幸福感。）”可知，根據(jù)一項VOA的研究，做手工藝對我們的幸福感和興趣有一定的影響，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“So,ifyou'relookingfortheperfectstimulantforyourstressed-outlife,maybenow'sthetimetogetcreative.（因此，如果你正在找一些能給你緊張的生活帶來刺激的活動的話，也許是時候發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力了。）”可知，作者建議我們做一些具有創(chuàng)造力的活動，故作者對創(chuàng)造性的消遣是支持的，故選B。DWeareallawareoftheeffectgreenhousegasemissionsishavingonourplanetandtheeffortsneededtodowithclimatechange.Mostofusaredoingourbittominimiseourimpactontheenvironment,butdespiteourcollectiveeffort,arewedoingenoughtoachievenetzeroby2050?Netzeromeansnotaddingtotheamountofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Manycountriesaredoingtheirbitbychanginghowtheygenerateandusepower,therebycuttingcarbondioxideoutput.AndtheyannouncedwhatfurtherstepstheyweregoingtotakeattherecentCOP26summitinGlasgow.IntheUK,thegovernmenthasbeensettingoutitsplanstoachievenetzeroby2050.It'srecentlyannouncedanenddateforthesaleofgasboilers,whichareusedforheatinghomes.Theideaistoreplacethemwithheatpumps.It'sofferinghomeownersgrantsofupto￡5,000togettheminstalled.AnotherinitiativeintheUKisabigpushtowardselectricvehicles.Therearetobefinancialencouragementsforcarmanufacturers,andmorechargingpointsaretobeinstalledinstreets.Andthere'stobeabanonthesaleofnewpetrolanddieselcarsby2030.Butnotallemissionscanbereducedtozero,sothoseremainingwillhavetobemadeupfor.Onewaytodothisistoplantthousandsoftrees,whicharegoodatabsorbingcarbondioxide,TheUKgovernmenthasguaranteedtoplant30,000hectaresoftreesayearby2025.Thereareotherideastoo,butwhat'scertainisthiswillcostmoney.TheCBI'sTomThackraytoldtheBBCthat“thosecostshavetobeweighedupagainstthecostofinaction(不作為).”WhethertheUK,oranyoneelse,reachesnetzeroremainstobeseen.Andthere'ssomedoubtabouthowthiscanbeaccuratelymeasuredanyway.Butit'sgenerallyrecognisedthataglobaleffortisneededtotackleclimatechange.Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheUKgovernmentfromthetext?A.Itdoesn'tcutdownthecarbondioxideoutput.B.Itwilladdtotheamountofgreenhousegases,C.Itwillaskmanyworldleaderstodiscussaboutreachingnetzero.D.Itplanstoendthesaleofgasboilers,andpetrolanddieselvehicles.13.WhatistheUKgovernmenthopingtodoby2025accordingtothetext?A.Haveasimplelife.B.CostmoneytosavetheUK.C.Plant30,000hectaresoftreesayear.D.Fightagainstthecostofvariousinactions.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tackle"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Referto. B.Pushforward. C.Adaptto. D.Dealwith.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoprotecttheenvironmentB.WorkingtogethertoachievenetzeroC.GreenhousegasemissionsareinfluencingtheworldD.Devotingmajoreffortstodevelopingelectricvehicles【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。面對全球氣候變化，要完成2050年實現(xiàn)零碳排放這一目標(biāo)需要全球的共同努力，英國政府一直很努力，出臺了多個計劃，作者呼吁只有世界各國攜手應(yīng)對氣候變化，凈零目標(biāo)才有意義?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“It'srecentlyannouncedanenddateforthesaleofgasboilers,whichareusedforheatinghomes.（最近宣布了用于家庭供暖的燃?xì)忮仩t的銷售截止日期。）”以及“AnotherinitiativeintheUKisabigpushtowardselectricvehicles.Therearetobefinancialencouragementsforcarmanufacturers,andmorechargingpointsaretobeinstalledinstreets.Andthere'stobeabanonthesaleofnewpetrolanddieselcarsby2030.（英國的另一項舉措是大力推動電動汽車。將為汽車制造商提供財政鼓勵，并在街道上安裝更多充電點。到2030年，將禁止銷售新的汽油和柴油汽車。）”可知，英國計劃停止銷售燃?xì)忮仩t、汽油和柴油車。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“TheUKgovernmenthasguaranteedtoplant30,000hectaresoftreesayearby2025.（英國政府已保證到2025年每年種植30000公頃樹木。）”可知，英國政府希望到2025年每年種植30000公頃樹木。故選C項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butit'sgenerallyrecognisedthataglobaleffortisneededtotackleclimatechange.Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.（但人們普遍認(rèn)為，應(yīng)對氣候變化需要全球努力。因此，凈零目標(biāo)只有在所有其他國家都朝著同一方向前進(jìn)時才有意義。）”可知，根據(jù)句意tackle在此處應(yīng)是“應(yīng)對，處理”的意思。A.Referto提到；B.Pushforward向前推；C.Adaptto適應(yīng)；D.Dealwith處理。D選項符合句意。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Mostofusaredoingourbittominimiseourimpactontheenvironment,butdespiteourcollectiveeffort,arewedoingenoughtoachievenetzeroby2050?（我們大多數(shù)人都在盡自己的一份力量，盡量減少對環(huán)境的影響，但盡管我們共同努力，我們是否已經(jīng)做了足夠的努力，到2050年實現(xiàn)凈零排放？）”以及最后一段中“Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.（因此，凈零目標(biāo)只有在所有其他國家都朝著同一方向前進(jìn)時才有意義。）”可知，本文主要是表達(dá)了只有世界各國攜手應(yīng)對氣候變化，凈零目標(biāo)才有意義。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余。Howtostayfocused?Whenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?___16___Stayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadultlife,butunderstandinghowtodoit,andknowingwhatisdistractingyou,canhelp.Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusdelayandfoundanumberofwaystohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsisgettingridofnoise.___17___Italsofoundturningoffnotificationsonyourphone,orswitchingitoffaltogether,removesamajordistractionandhelpsusfocusonthetaskathand.___18___Psychologistsandneuroscientistsareincreasinglyinterestedinourabilitytostudyandhavelookedatwhatwecanchangeinsideourheadtomakeusconcentrate.AttentionResearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskoftrainingtakesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer.Therearemorepracticaltipstokeepingyourmindfocused.___19___It’spossiblethemovementinyourmouthoccupiespartsofthebrainthatmightotherwisegetdistracted.ButaccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,distractionisn’tallbad.“Ifwewerealwayssofocusedthatwenevergotdistracted,we’dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,inourenvironment.___20___”A.Distractionisvitalforsurvival!B.Thefeelingmaysignaltoyourbrainthatit’stimetosleep.C.Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspanisbraintraining.D.Chooseatimethatworksbestforyou,basedonanyrequiredmeetingsandyourenergylevels.E.Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren’tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearning.F.ResearchbyScienceFocusmagazinefoundsilenceisbestforconcentration.G.Theseincludemakingatimetableofthetasksyouhavetodo,orchewingsomegum!【答案】16E17.F18.C19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了分心的原因以及如何集中注意力。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?(當(dāng)你在學(xué)校的時候，是否曾經(jīng)被提醒不要走神了，要集中注意力？)”可知，空前提問引出走神，故E項“如果你對學(xué)習(xí)的東西不感興趣的話，你可很容易走神”符合，空前提出在學(xué)校上課是走神，空后進(jìn)一步說明如果對學(xué)習(xí)的東西不感興趣的話，很容易走神，故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusdelayandfoundanumberofwaystohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsisgettingridofnoise.(科學(xué)家研究了什么讓我們走神，并且還找出了很多幫助我們集中注意力的方法。最明顯的就是擺脫噪音)”可知，故F項“《科學(xué)焦點》的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，安靜對注意力集中最有幫助?！笔强涨暗捻樍x承接，空前提到集中注意力的方法之一就是擺脫噪音，即安靜對其最有幫助，故選F項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上段內(nèi)容“Oneofthemostobviousthingsisgettingridofnoise.(其中最明顯的就是擺脫噪音)”可知，本段提出另一個集中注意力的方法，故C項“另一個治療注意力短暫的方法就是智力訓(xùn)練?！狈险Z境，且此空引出后文的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)智力訓(xùn)練如何治療注意力短暫，故選C項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Therearemorepracticaltipstokeepingyourmindfocused.(有很多能讓你大腦集中的實際的方法)”以及空后“It’spossiblethemovementinyourmouthoccupiespartsofthebrainthatmightotherwisegetdistracted.(你嘴巴里的運動可能會占據(jù)大腦的分心的那一部)”可知，空前總體說明有更多實際的方法，空后提到嘴巴里的運動，故G項“這些方法包括為必須做的任務(wù)設(shè)置時間，或者是嚼口香糖?！狈险Z境，承接前文的具體哪些方法，引出后文嚼口香糖的嘴巴的運動，故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“ButaccordingtoScienceFocusmagazine,distractionisn’tallbad.(但是，根據(jù)《科學(xué)焦點》雜志，分心并不全是不好的)”和“Ifwewerealwayssofocusedthatwenevergotdistracted,we’dmisspotentialchanges,suchasthreats,inourenvironment.(如果我們總是專注于不要分心，那么我們就會錯過一些可能的改變，比如說錯過一些環(huán)境中的威脅)”可知，空前提出分心并不全是不好的，如果我們太在意專注的話，我們可能就會錯過生活中的一些改變，帶來一些不好的東西，故此空對本段做出總結(jié)，A項“分心對存活很重要。”符合語境，故選A項。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AftergraduatingfromOntarioCollegeofTeachers,Ibecameateacherataone-roomcountryschoolinOnt.Thatfirstdayofschoolasa1st-year-oldfemaleteacherwasafrightening___21___.Itwasonethingtohave___22___asasuccessfulstudent;itwasanotherthingtofaceaclassroomoflittlefaceswhowerewaitingto___23___the"newteacher".Ihadaclassroomof21childrenofdifferent___24___andsizes.Theyoungestwas5goingon6andthe___25___was16.Thereweretwo____26____doorsinmyschool,oneforthegirls,onefortheboys.Nooutdoor___27___forus!The___28___inthebuildingwasawood-burningfurnace(火爐)downinthebasement.___29___thefurnacewasoneofmyresponsibilities.____30____,Iknewabitaboutstartingafire,sotheschooldidn'tburndown.WhatIfoundmostdifficultwasthataparentmighttakeachildoutofschoolforany____31____.IhadoneDutchfamily,whosefatherwould____32____thechildrenoutofschooltohelpwiththefarmwork.Finally,Igot____33____thisandsentaneducationofficertostraightenouttheproblem.Needlesstosay,Iwasveryunpopularwiththatfatherfromthenon,butthechildrencametoschoolmuchmore____34____.Intheclassroom,theolderstudents____35____theyoungeroneswithlearning,aswellaswithputtingoncoats.Ifsomeone'slunchwasforgotten,everyonesharedabitoftheirfood.Wewerea____36____.Wehadgoodtimesandbadtimes,butwekept____37____farbeyondmaths,reading,grammarandwriting,welearnedhowto____38____eachother.Iloved____39____atthissmallschoolandknewIwasteachingthechildrenaboutlifeasmuchasaboutsubjects.IbelieveI'veturnedoutsomestudentswhowillhaveaninfluenceontheworldthatwill____40____longafterIamgone.21.A.service B.experience C.ability D.skill22.A.detected B.entered C.graduated D.considered23.A.endup B.takeup C.lookup D.sizeup24.A.shapes B.forms C.outlines D.requests25.A.newest B.smallest C.oldest D.largest26.A.back B.entry C.wooden D.metal27.A.facilities B.capabilities C.institutions D.agencies28.A.door B.toy C.light D.heat29.A.Boosting B.Breathing C.Tending D.Destroying30.A.Probably B.Luckily C.Separately D.Incredibly31.A.dream B.view C.thought D.reason32.A.keep B.prevent C.fight D.combine33.A.dressedin B.tiredfrom C.fedupwith D.changedwith34.A.talkatively B.regularly C.partially D.rarely35.A.helped B.took C.support D.load36.A.association B.company C.society D.family37.A.believing B.learning C.connecting D.confirming38.A.gethelpwith B.getaddictedto C.getalongwith D.getawaywith39.A.teaching B.learning C.contacting D.persuading40.A.change B.disappear C.contact D.last【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A36.D37.B38.C39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者畢業(yè)后來到一所小學(xué)校當(dāng)老師的經(jīng)歷，改變了很多經(jīng)常因為一些原因而不去學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的狀況，教會孩子除了學(xué)習(xí)以外的事情，教會孩子們生活，讓孩子們成為對世界有影響的人?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一年級女教師的第一天是一次令人害怕的體驗。A.service服務(wù)；B.experience經(jīng)歷，體驗；C.ability能力；D.skill技能，技巧。根據(jù)前文“Thatfirstdayofschoolasa1st-year-oldfemaleteacher”可知，當(dāng)老師的第一天試一次令人害怕的體驗，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個成功的畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)時一回事，面對著一群等待著新老師的小孩是另一回事。A.detected檢測；B.entered進(jìn)入；C.graduated畢業(yè)；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)空后的“asasuccessfulstudent”可知，此處指作為一個成功學(xué)生的身份畢業(yè)，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：作為一個成功的畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)時一回事，面對著一群等待著新老師的小孩是另一回事。A.endup結(jié)束；B.takeup從事；C.lookup查閱；D.sizeup打量，評估。根據(jù)后文“thenewteacher”可知，此處指學(xué)生們打量著新來的老師，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的班級有21個不同身形、不同身高的孩子。A.shapes形狀；B.forms形式；C.outlines綱要；D.requests要求。根據(jù)后文的“andsizes”可知，此處指班級同學(xué)身形不同，身高不同，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最小的大概5、6歲，最大的有16歲。A.newest最新的；B.smallest最小的；C.oldest最大的，最老的；D.largest最大的。根據(jù)前文“Theyoungestwas5goingon6”可知，此處指最大的有16歲，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞/名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校有兩個入口門，其中一個供女生走，另一個供男生走。A.back背后的；B.entry進(jìn)入；C.wooden木頭的，最老的；D.metal金屬的。根據(jù)后文“Nooutdoor___7___forus!”可知，此處指學(xué)校有兩個入口門，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有戶外的設(shè)施。A.facilities設(shè)施，設(shè)備；B.capabilities能力；C.institutions機(jī)構(gòu)；D.agencies代理處。根據(jù)后文的“Thereweretwo____6____doorsinmyschool,oneforthegirls,onefortheboys”可知，學(xué)校有兩個供出入的門，但沒有戶外設(shè)施，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教學(xué)樓的加熱器是一個位于地下室的燒木頭的火爐。A.door門；B.toy玩具；C.light光；D.heat加熱，熱量。根據(jù)后文“asawood-burningfurnace(火爐)downinthebasement.”可知，此處指教學(xué)樓的供熱來自于地下室的火爐，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：照料火爐是我的責(zé)任之一。A.Boosting促進(jìn)，使……增長；B.Breathing呼氣；C.Tending照顧，照料；D.Destroying毀掉，毀壞。根據(jù)后文“Iknewabitaboutstartingafire,sotheschooldidn'tburndown.”可知，此處指照料火爐，往爐里加木頭是我的責(zé)任，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸好，我知道怎樣生活，因此學(xué)校沒有被燒起來。A.Probably可能地；B.Luckily幸運的是；C.Separately個別地；D.Incredibly令人難以置信地。此處空前我負(fù)責(zé)生活，空后提到自己知道怎樣生活，故意為“幸運的是”，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)最難的事就是一個父親或者母親可能會因為任何原因?qū)⒑⒆訋щx學(xué)校。A.dream夢想；B.view看法，風(fēng)景；C.thought想法；D.reason理由，原因。根據(jù)后文“thechildrenoutofschooltohelpwiththefarmwork.”可知，此處指孩子的父母可能會因為任何原因?qū)⒑⒆訋щx學(xué)校，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我班里有一個來自荷蘭的孩子，他的父親會讓他回去幫忙做農(nóng)活，而一直沒回學(xué)校。A.keep保持；B.prevent阻止；C.fight打架；D.combine結(jié)合。根據(jù)后文“thechildrenoutofschooltohelpwiththefarmwork”可知，此處指讓孩子們一直不回學(xué)校，留在家做農(nóng)活，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：最終，我忍無可忍了，讓一個教育官員去解決了這個問題。A.dressedin穿著；B.tiredfrom因……疲憊；C.fedupwith忍不了；D.changedwith改變。根據(jù)后文“andsentaneducationofficertostraightenouttheproblem.”可知，此處指我無法忍受這種情況，讓一個教育員去解決了這個事情，故選C。【34題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不用說，從那以后，那個孩子的父親就不太喜歡我了，但是孩子們更有規(guī)律地上學(xué)了。A.talkatively健談地；B.regularly有規(guī)律地；C.partially部分地；D.rarely罕見地。根據(jù)前文很多學(xué)生因為做農(nóng)活而不去上學(xué)，我讓一個教育員解決這件事后，孩子們就按時來學(xué)校上學(xué)了，故選B。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在教室，年齡大的學(xué)生幫助年齡小的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，以及整理衣物。A.helped幫助；B.took拿；C.support支持；D.load裝載。根據(jù)后文“withlearning,aswellaswithputtingoncoats.”可知，此處指大孩子幫助小孩子學(xué)習(xí)，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們是一家人。A.association社團(tuán)；B.company公司；C.society社會；D.family家庭。根據(jù)前文“Intheclassroom,theolderstudents___15___theyoungeroneswithlearning,aswellaswithputtingoncoats.Ifsomeone'slunchwasforgotten,everyonesharedabitoftheirfood.”可知，孩子們互幫互助，互相關(guān)心，因此我們是一家人，故選D。【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有時開心，有時傷心，但是我們除了數(shù)學(xué)、閱讀、語法和寫作之外，我們還學(xué)習(xí)怎樣相處。A.believing相信；B.learning學(xué)習(xí)；C.connecting連接；D.confirming確認(rèn)，證實。根據(jù)后文“farbeyondmaths,reading,grammarandwriting,welearnedhowto___18___eachother.”可知，我們學(xué)校課本之外的東西，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我們有時開心，有時傷心，但是我們除了數(shù)學(xué)、閱讀、語法和寫作之外，我們還學(xué)習(xí)怎樣相處。A.gethelpwith獲得幫助；B.getaddictedto沉迷于；C.getalongwith相處；D.getawaywith逃避懲罰。根據(jù)前文“Wewerea___16___.”我們是一個大家庭可知，此處指教學(xué)孩子們?nèi)绾蜗嗵?，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡在這個小學(xué)校教書，我知道我不僅教會孩子知識還教會他們生活。A.teaching教；B.learning學(xué)習(xí)；C.contacting聯(lián)系；D.persuading說服。根據(jù)后文“atthissmallschoolandknewIwasteachingthechildrenaboutlifeasmuchasaboutsubjects.”可知，此處指我喜歡在這個學(xué)校教書，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信我讓一些孩子成為了對世界有影響的人，這種影響在我離開后還會一直持續(xù)下去。A.change改變；B.disappear消失；C.contact聯(lián)系；D.last持續(xù)。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ongafterIamgone.”可知，此處指這種影響在我走后也會繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thecostoflivingcrisisishittingpeople'spocketshardallacrosstheworld.Soaringoilandgaspriceshavemadebasic___41___(necessary)likefood,heatingandtransport___42___(affordable)formanypeople.IntheUKoverthepastfewmonths,thedebate___43___(be)overtheshockingdilemmaof"heatingoreating".Energypriceshavemorethandoubledthisyearformanyconsumers,___44___(result)inthoseonlowincomesoronbenefitsfacingthechoiceofheatingtheirhome,oreating.Lifeissohardforsome___45___theydonothaveenoughmoneytousegasorelectricitytoboilpotatoes.Thissituationwill___46___(worse)inthecountry'shealthcaresystem,___47___willcomeintoeffectnextweek.FormerUKPrimeMinisterGordonBrownsaid:"Youcannotignore___48___needsofparentswhoarehavingtochoosebetweenputtingtheirheatingupand___49___(feed)theirchildren."FurtherpricehikesandfoodshortagesareonthehorizonasthewarinUkrainewillseethepriceofwheatrise.Governmentcriticsarecallingforaone-off"windfalltax"onthehugeprofitsofenergycompanies____50____(help)thedisadvantaged.【答案】41