山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題2

第1頁/共1頁2025年1月濟(jì)南市高一期末學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題滿分150分考試用時120分鐘注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）該部分分為第一、第二兩節(jié)。注意：回答聽力部分時，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.RingherbackB.Passonamessage.C.Goforlunch.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.IntheUS.B.InCanada.C.InBritain.3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Finishareport.B.Takealongrest.C.Havelunch.4.WhichplacewillLauraleavefor?A.Boston.B.NewYork.C.Huston.5.Whathappenedtothespeakerslastnight?A.Theyargued.B.Theyhadaquiz.C.Theywereinthenews.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.HowoftendoesthemantakeEnglishlessons?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.7.WhatdoesthemanusuallydointhelocalEnglishCorner.A.InteractwithEnglishnatives.B.TalkwithhisChinesefriends.C.GothroughEnglishwebsites.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whereistheclosestconveniencestore?A.Nearayellowbuilding.B.Aroundthecorner.C.On3rdStreet.9.Whywillthewomangoto22ndStreet?A.Todrawcash.B.Togoshopping.C.Toreturnsomething.10.Whatisthemeansoftransportationsuggestedbytheman’sA.Taxi.B.Bus.C.Subway.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatwillthewomandoinHongKong?A.Attendaconcert.B.Takeaboattour.C.Visitafriend.12.InwhichplaceistheChatuchakMarketlocated?A.HoChiMinh.B.Bangkok.C.SiemReap.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atravelabroad.B.Ashoppingplan.C.Atourexperience.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Classmates.C.Customerandwaiter.15.Wheredidthewomangetherteaset?A.Fromateahouse.B.Fromherneighbor.C.Fromasupermarket.16.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheneighbourhood?A.It’sconvenient.B.It’smessy.C.It’snoisy.17.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodothisafternoon?A.Haveacupoftea.B.Goonaholiday.C.Doaworkout.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatcanweknowaboutthetrafficaccident?A.IttookplaceinMainStreet.B.Seventeenpeoplegotinjured.C.Theminibuswasdestroyed.19.Wholostagamelastnight?A.TheEnglishchampions.B.TheSpanishchampions.C.TheworldNo.1tennisplayer.20.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybelikethisevening?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMelbourneAirportisthesecondbusiestairportinAustralia.Ifyou’reoneofthoseluckypeoplepassingthroughMelbourne,here’swhatyouneedtoknowaboutit.MelbourneAirportCode,Location,andContactInformation?MelbourneAirportCode:MEL?Location:DepartureDr,Tullamarine,Victoria,Australia3045?Website:s://melbourneairport..au/?PhoneNumber:+61392971600KnowBeforeYouGoMelbourneAirportisabusyairportwithfourterminals(航站樓).Thereareclearsignsthroughouteachterminaltohelpyoumakeyourwaythroughcheckinandsecurity.Beforeyourflight,youcancheckwhichterminalyourairlineisinontheMelbourneAirportwebsite.Ingeneral.Terminal1isaQantasdomesticcenter,Terminal2isinternationalflights.Terminal3isaVirginAustraliadomesticcenter,andTerminal4isallotherdomesticairlinessuchasJetstarandTigerAir.WheretoEatandDrinkMelbourneisabig,foodlovingcityanditshowsthatinitsairport.Whetheryou’relookingforaquickgrabandgomealorasitdownexperience,thereareplentyofchoices.SomeofthebestspotsforeatinganddrinkingincludeCafeVu(Terminal2),whichoffersFrenchinspiredfood.Brunetti(Terminals2and4)usanexcellentspotfortastingMelbourne’scoffeeandbitingintoanItaliandeasert.Baxa(Terminal2)isaVietnamesefastcasualrestaurantthatserveswarmnoodles.CheckoutTwoJohnsTaphouse(Terminal2and4)foralocalbeerandpubfood.WiFiandChargingStationMelbourneAirportoffersfreeWiFithroughoutitsterminals.Toconnecttothe“AirportFreeWiFi,”simplyenteryourdetails,acceptthetermsandconditions,andclick“startbrowsing.”Chargingstationsarefreelyavailableandlocatedthroughouttheairport.1.WhichterminaldopassengersneedtogotowhenflyingfromMelbournetoLondon?A.Terminal1. B.Terminal2. C.Terminal3. D.Terminal4.2.WhichrestaurantinMelbourneAirportservesAsianfood?A.Baxa. B.Brunetti. C.CafeVu. D.TwoJohnsTaphouse.3.WhatisrequiredforapassengertousefreeWiFi?A.Buyingatelephonecard. B.Settingupanapplication.C.Fillinginpersonalinformation. D.Calling+61392971600forcode.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了墨爾本機(jī)場的一些情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KnowBeforeYouGo部分中“Terminal1isaQantasdomesticcenter,Terminal2isinternationalflights.(1號航站樓是澳航國內(nèi)航班中心，2號航站樓是國際航班)”可知，從墨爾本飛往倫敦需要2號航站樓轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WheretoEatandDrink部分中“Baxa(Terminal2)isaVietnamesefastcasualrestaurantthatserveswarmnoodles.(Baxa（2號航站樓）是一家提供熱面的越南休閑快餐店)”可知，墨爾本機(jī)場Baxa供應(yīng)亞洲菜。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WiFiandChargingStation部分中“Toconnecttothe“AirportFreeWiFi,”simplyenteryourdetails,acceptthetermsandconditions,andclick“startbrowsing.”(要連接“機(jī)場免費WiFi”，只需輸入您的詳細(xì)信息，接受條款和條件，然后點擊“開始瀏覽”)”可知，乘客申請免費WiFi需要填寫個人信息。故選C。BNatureismorethanbeautifulforonetolookat.ForIndonesiannatureconservationist(環(huán)保主義者)FarwizaFarhan,natureisasilentfriend.Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.Thisiswhyshehasbeentryingtobetherefornaturewhenitneedsherhelp.Farhanbroughtherlovefornaturetohercollegeyears.Shetookamaster’sdegreeinenvironmentalmanagementattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.In2009,whilestudyingattheuniversity,shehadanopportunitytoworkwithCarbonCaptureandStorageInstitute,aninternationalthinktankthatfocusedoncarboncaptureandstoragetocutdownemissions(排放),andearnedsomemoney.In2012,alongwithseveralofhercoworkers,sheformedtheForest,Nature,andEnvironmentofAcehFoundation(HAkA).In2014HAkAachievedonehugevictory.makinganoilpanypay$30millionforthedamageitcausedtotheecosystem.FarhansaidthislandmarkvictorywashistoricbecauseitwasthefirsttimethatIndonesiahadfinedapanyforburningforests.Besides,HAkAalsostoppedtheconstructionofadamthatputanelephanthabitatinIndonesiaatrisk.HAkA,nowa12yearoldinstitution,alsohasprogramsforwomensuchasassistantlawyerandcitizenjournalismtrainingandforestguardgroups.Farhansaidtheysawaneedtoempowerwomenasprotectorsoftheenvironmentbecausewomenaremuchmoreaffectedbytheeffectsofenvironmentaldestructionandclimatechange.Theconservationistsaiddisasterssuchascropfailurescouldaffectthefinancialstatus(財政狀況)offamilies,makingitmorelikelyforthemtoforcewomentobeinarrangedmarriagestogetoutofpovertyorrelocatetoareasfullofviolence.Farhanhaswonseveralawardsandshemented,“Theworkshouldincludeeveryonefromallwalksoflife.Therecognitionbelongstoallfightingontheground.”4.WhatdidnaturemeantoyoungFarhan?A.Amotherofallthings. B.Ashelterforwildlife.C.Amagicalthemepark. D.Afortingpartner.5.WhatdroveFarhantostartHAkA?A.Herworkingpressure. B.Hereconomiccondition.C.Herprograminuniversity. D.Herpassionfromchildhood.6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkaboutconcerningHAkA?A.Itsstrictstandards. B.Itsbusinessmodel.C.Itsmajorsuccesses. D.Itsrunningsystem.7.WhydidFarhancallonwomentobeenvironmentalfighters?A.Theyaremoresubjecttoecocrisis. B.Theirhopeforbetterjobsdisappears.C.Theyareloadedwithfamilyduties. D.Theirlifeisthreatenedbyviolence.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了印尼自然保護(hù)主義者法維扎·法爾漢（FarwizaFarhan）為了保護(hù)環(huán)境所付出的努力。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.(法爾漢還是個孩子的時候，每當(dāng)她遇到問題時，她就會爬上樹，呆在那里直到平靜下來。大自然一直陪伴著她)”可知，大自然是法爾漢小時候安慰的伙伴。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.(法爾漢還是個孩子的時候，每當(dāng)她遇到問題時，她就會爬上樹，呆在那里直到平靜下來。大自然一直陪伴著她)”以及第三段“Farhanbroughtherlovefornaturetohercollegeyears.(法爾漢把她對自然的熱愛帶到了大學(xué)時代)”以及“In2012,alongwithseveralofhercoworkers,sheformedtheForest,Nature,andEnvironmentofAcehFoundation(HAkA).(2012年，她與幾位同事一起成立了森林、自然與環(huán)境基金會（HAkA）)”可知，童年的激情促使法爾漢創(chuàng)辦HAkA。故選D。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“In2014,HAkAachievedonehugevictory.makinganoilpanypay$30millionforthedamageitcausedtotheecosystem.FarhansaidthislandmarkvictorywashistoricbecauseitwasthefirsttimethatIndonesiahadfinedapanyforburningforests.Besides,HAkAalsostoppedtheconstructionofadamthatputanelephanthabitatinIndonesiaatrisk.HAkA,nowa12yearoldinstitution,alsohasprogramsforwomensuchasassistantlawyerandcitizenjournalismtrainingandforestguardgroups.(2014年，HAkA取得了一個巨大的勝利。讓一家石油公司為其對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成的破壞支付3000萬美元。法爾漢說，這一具有里程碑意義的勝利是歷史性的，因為這是印度尼西亞首次對焚燒森林的公司處以罰款。此外，HAkA還停止了一座危及印尼大象棲息地的大壩的建設(shè)。HAkA現(xiàn)在是一個有12年歷史的機(jī)構(gòu)，它還為女性開設(shè)了助理律師、公民新聞培訓(xùn)和森林保護(hù)組織等項目)”可知，第四段主要講了HAkA主要的成功。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Farhansaidtheysawaneedtoempowerwomenasprotectorsoftheenvironmentbecausewomenaremuchmoreaffectedbytheeffectsofenvironmentaldestructionandclimatechange.Theconservationistsaiddisasterssuchascropfailurescouldaffectthefinancialstatus(財政狀況)offamilies,makingitmorelikelyforthemtoforcewomentobeinarrangedmarriagestogetoutofpovertyorrelocatetoareasfullofviolence.(法爾漢說，他們認(rèn)為有必要賦予女性保護(hù)環(huán)境的權(quán)力，因為女性受到環(huán)境破壞和氣候變化的影響要大得多。這位環(huán)保人士說，農(nóng)作物歉收等自然災(zāi)害可能會影響家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，使他們更有可能強(qiáng)迫婦女參加包辦婚姻，以擺脫貧困或搬遷到充滿暴力的地區(qū))”可知，法爾漢呼吁女性成為環(huán)境斗士是因為她們更容易受到生態(tài)危機(jī)的影響。故選A。CManypeoplehaveanimmediatenegativereactiontothewordfatButaccordingtoanewstudy,fattissue(組織)itselfisvery,veryimportantforhealth.It’sanimportantplacetostoretheextraenergyinourbody.Fattissueissupposedtobestoredundertheskin.Ifitcan’tgothere,it’sgoingtootherplacessuchasyourliver,heartorpancreas(胰腺).Morefatinthoseorganscouldaffecthowwelltheyfunction.Exercisingregularlyovertimemakesfattissueamoreacmodatingplaceforextraenergyunderconditionswhenwedogainweight.Toseehowexerciseimpactsfattissue,researchersparedfattissuejustundertheskinfromtwogroupsof16peoplewithoverweightproblem:thosewhoreportedexercisingatleastfourtimesaweekforatleast2years,andthosewhodidnotexerciseregularly.Peoplewhohadahistoryofregularexerciseinthepasthadfatcellswithfeaturesthatallowedthemtostoremorefat.Resultfromtheformergroupshowedseveralstructuralchangesinfattissue,includingslightlysmallerfatcellsandmoreofthem,andchangesinproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatadjustbodyfatremodeling.However,manyoftheabovechangesdisappearedwhenregularexercisestopped.Dr.Horowitz,professorofmovementstudiesattheUniversityofMichigan,said,“Thisisoneofthebigreasonswhyitissoimportanttobephysicallyactivemostdays.Alotofthebody’sexerciseshelpyoutokeepgoinglongerorpushharderinyourworks.”Thekeytakeawayofthestudyisthatwe’rebroadeningourunderstandingofwhyitishelpfultoexercise.Therearesomanywaystoexercise,andfiguringoutawaytomakeitpartofthedailyroutineplaysanimportantrole.Ofcourse,youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorfirsttomakesureit’ssafe.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutfattissuefromParagraph1?A.Itismostenergydemanding. B.Ithaslittletodowithfatness.C.Itslocationmakesadifference. D.Itsfunctionistocontrolhealth.9.Howaretheparticipantsintheresearchgrouped?A.Bytheirhealthproblem. B.Bytheirbodyweight.C.Bytheirworkouthabit. D.Bytheirpersonalhobby.10.WhatisstressedinParagraph3?A.Weightlossdependsonlessfattissue. B.Exercisecanreshapeproteinstructure.C.Hardertrainingresultsinstrongerfattissue. D.Fattissueissensitivetoexercisefrequency.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toraiseaproposal. B.Topresentevidence.C.Toprovethefinding. D.Toadvancethestudy.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了脂肪組織位置不同會對身體有所影響，解釋了相關(guān)研究以及建議多鍛煉?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fattissueissupposedtobestoredundertheskin.Ifitcan’tgothere,it’sgoingtootherplacessuchasyourliver,heartorpancreas(胰腺).Morefatinthoseorganscouldaffecthowwelltheyfunction.(脂肪組織應(yīng)該儲存在皮膚下。如果它不能到達(dá)那里，它就會到達(dá)其他地方，比如肝臟、心臟或胰腺。這些器官中的脂肪過多會影響它們的功能)”可知，脂肪組織的位置不同會有影響。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Toseehowexerciseimpactsfattissue,researchersparedfattissuejustundertheskinfromtwogroupsof16peoplewithoverweightproblem:thosewhoreportedexercisingatleastfourtimesaweekforatleast2years,andthosewhodidnotexerciseregularly.(為了了解運動對脂肪組織的影響，研究人員比較了兩組16名有超重問題的人的皮下脂肪組織：一組報告說每周至少鍛煉四次，持續(xù)至少兩年，另一組不經(jīng)常鍛煉)”可知，研究參與者通過鍛煉習(xí)慣進(jìn)行分組。故選C。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Resultfromtheformergroupshowedseveralstructuralchangesinfattissue,includingslightlysmallerfatcellsandmoreofthem,andchangesinproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatadjustbodyfatremodeling.However,manyoftheabovechangesdisappearedwhenregularexercisestopped.Dr.Horowitz,professorofmovementstudiesattheUniversityofMichigan,said,“Thisisoneofthebigreasonswhyitissoimportanttobephysicallyactivemostdays.Alotofthebody’sexerciseshelpyoutokeepgoinglongerorpushharderinyourworks.”(前一組的結(jié)果顯示，脂肪組織發(fā)生了一些結(jié)構(gòu)變化，包括脂肪細(xì)胞略小，脂肪細(xì)胞更多，以及調(diào)節(jié)身體脂肪重塑的蛋白質(zhì)發(fā)生了變化。然而，當(dāng)停止定期鍛煉時，上述許多變化就消失了。密歇根大學(xué)運動研究教授霍洛維茨博士說：“這就是為什么大多數(shù)時候保持身體活躍是如此重要的一個重要原因。很多身體的鍛煉可以幫助你堅持更長時間或更努力地工作?！?”可知，第三段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是脂肪組織對運動頻率敏感。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thekeytakeawayofthestudyisthatwe’rebroadeningourunderstandingofwhyitishelpfultoexercise.Therearesomanywaystoexercise,andfiguringoutawaytomakeitpartofthedailyroutineplaysanimportantrole.Ofcourse,youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorfirsttomakesureit’ssafe.(這項研究的關(guān)鍵結(jié)論是，我們正在拓寬我們對為什么鍛煉有益的理解。鍛煉的方法有很多，找到一種方法使其成為日常生活的一部分起著重要的作用。當(dāng)然，你應(yīng)該先咨詢你的醫(yī)生，以確保它是安全的)”可知，最后一段的目的是提出建議。故選A。DWhydoesoneplusoneequaltwo?Onepossibleansweris“Itjustdoes!”Thatisreallyadifferentwayofsaying“BecauseIsaidso!”—ananswerthathasbeenannoyingchildrenforgenerations.Mathcanseemlikeaworldofrulesyoujusthavetofollow,whichmakesitseemboring.Butmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrulesoratleastpushingagainstthem,bothofwhichadvancehumanunderstandingandmathematicalunderstanding.Soratherthanthinkaboutwhyoneplusoneistwo,let’sgoalittlefurtherandquestionwhetherit’seventrueallthetime,myyouputonerabbitandanotherrabbittogether.Youmightendupwithmanyrabbits.Sometimes,ifyouputapileofsandontopofanother,thenyoujustgetonepileofsand.AndifIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”Youmightthinkthatthesearen’treallysituationsinwhichoneplusoneequalssomethingelsebecausetheyaren’treallyaddition,orbecausethosearen’treallynumbers.You’reweletothinkthat,butthat’snotwhatmathdoes.Mathinsteadsays:Let’sworkoutthecontextinwhichoneplusonereallydoesequaltwo,andcontextsinwhichitdoesn’t.Mathisn’treallyaboutgettingtherightanswer,it’saboutbuildinggoodexplanations.Imagineweweredesigningajungle(叢林)gymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.We’dwanttojumponit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathesfromwantingtoknowourframework(框架)willholdup.Oneofthereasonswhytheframeworkissostrongisthatwequestionitsodeeply.Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoraisequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.12.Whydoestheauthorlovemath?A.Heenjoysthenumbergames. B.Hefindsuncertaintyinmath.C.Helikesgoingbeyondrules. D.Heknowsandfearsnothing.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Contextsdecidemathresults. B.Oneplusonealwaysequalstwo.C.Additionissometimesconfusing. D.Thereisnotricktolearningmath.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningajunglegym?A.Safetyesfirst. B.Testoutplaystrust.C.Mathkeepsmenexact. D.Practicemakesperfect.15.Howareweexpectedtolearnmathaccordingtothetext?A.Teamupeffectively. B.Questionreasonably.C.Reviewpatiently. D.Countfrequently.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了作者喜愛數(shù)學(xué)的原因以及對如何學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)的一些見解?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrulesoratleastpushingagainstthem,bothofwhichadvancehumanunderstandingandmathematicalunderstanding.(但我對數(shù)學(xué)的熱愛在某種程度上是由我對打破規(guī)則的熱愛所驅(qū)動的，或者至少是對規(guī)則的挑戰(zhàn)，這兩者都促進(jìn)了人類的理解和對數(shù)學(xué)的理解)”可知，作者喜歡數(shù)學(xué)因為喜歡打破常規(guī)。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Soratherthanthinkaboutwhyoneplusoneistwo,let’sgoalittlefurtherandquestionwhetherit’seventrueallthetime,myyouputonerabbitandanotherrabbittogether.Youmightendupwithmanyrabbits.Sometimes,ifyouputapileofsandontopofanother,thenyoujustgetonepileofsand.AndifIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”(所以與其思考為什么1加1等于2，不如進(jìn)一步思考一下，如果你把一只兔子和另一只兔子放在一起，它是否一直都是正確的。你可能會得到很多兔子。有時候，如果你把一堆沙子放在另一堆沙子上，那么你只會得到一堆沙子。如果我說“我不是不餓”，意思是“我餓了”)”可知，語境決定數(shù)學(xué)成績。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineweweredesigningajungle(叢林)gymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.We’dwanttojumponit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathesfromwantingtoknowourframework(框架)willholdup.Oneofthereasonswhytheframeworkissostrongisthatwequestionitsodeeply.(想象一下，我們正在為孩子們設(shè)計一個叢林健身房。我們想要用各種可能的方法來測試它，以確保它是安全的。我們想要跳上去，從上面掉下來，試著把它從地上拉出來，而不是簡單地相信我們把它造得很好。數(shù)學(xué)的堅固性來自于我們想知道我們的框架是否能夠支撐起來。這個框架如此強(qiáng)大的原因之一是我們對它的質(zhì)疑如此深刻)”可知，作者提到攀爬架是為了表明測試勝過信任。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoraisequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.(我希望我們開始把數(shù)學(xué)看作是一個提出問題和探索答案的地方，而不是一個答案是固定的，我們應(yīng)該知道它們的地方)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)應(yīng)該合理提問。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youcanlivealowwastelifestyle.Thekeyistobecreativeaboutredesigningyourbehavior.Hereareafewsimplewaystoreduceyourtrashoutput.Writealistofthetrashyouproduce.Organizeitbytheroomsinyourhouseorbyactivity.Youmightwrite“foodwaste,plasticbagsandmetalcans”under“cooking”,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutrackthetrashyou’recreating.___16___Lookattheemptycontainersyouarethrowingawayandfigureoutalowwastesolution.Reusetheminsteadofbuyingnewones.___17___Youmayalsoconsiderusinganemptyteacontainertostorerice.___18___YoucancutoldTshirtsintopiecesforcleaningup.Moreover,thinkabouthowtocreativelysaveyourfood.Forexample,putoverripebananasinthefreezertomakebananabreadlater.Oruseanorangeskintomakeacandleusingvegetableoil.Alowwastelifestyleisn’tjustaboutwhatyoudoathome.___19___Chooseadigitalreceiptatshopsinsteadofapaperone.Wheneatingout,bringyourownreusablefork.Oraskthewaiterstofillupyourowncoffeecupinsteadofasingleuseone.Remember,reducingwasteisaboutfindingsustainablechangesthatfityourlifestyle.___20___.You’llbepartofthesolutiontoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.A.Startsmallandbuildup.B.Wastewillendupinlandfills.C.Theycanbegivenbacktoshops.D.Trytorescuewhatevercanbeused.E.YoucanuseemptyboxestostorecandiesF.Thus,youcanidentifymanageablewaystoreduceit.G.Itisalsoaboutlookingforwaystoautwasteelsewhere【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。你可以過一種低浪費的生活，關(guān)鍵是要創(chuàng)造性地重新設(shè)計你的行為。文章主要就減少垃圾產(chǎn)生給出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Writealistofthetrashyouproduce.Organizeitbytheroomsinyourhouseorbyactivity.Youmightwrite“foodwaste,plasticbagsandmetalcans”under“cooking”,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutrackthetrashyou’recreating.(把你制造的垃圾寫一張清單。按房間或活動來組織。你可以在“烹飪”下面寫“食物垃圾、塑料袋和金屬罐”等等。這將幫助你跟蹤你在制造的垃圾)”可知，上文建議為制造的垃圾寫清單，本句為本段最后一句，故說明這么做的好處。故F選項“這樣，你可以找到可管理的方法來減少它”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Lookattheemptycontainersyouarethrowingawayandfigureoutalowwastesolution.Reusetheminsteadofbuyingnewones.(看看你扔掉的空容器，找出一個低浪費的解決方案。重復(fù)使用，而不是買新的)”以及后文“Youmayalsoconsiderusinganemptyteacontainertostorerice.(你也可以考慮用一個空的茶葉容器來儲存大米)”可知，空格處句子與后文并列，都是針對如何重新利用空容器進(jìn)行舉例說明。故E選項“你可以用空盒子儲存糖果”符合語境，故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“YoucancutoldTshirtsintopiecesforcleaningup.Moreover,thinkabouthowtocreativelysaveyourfood.Forexample,putoverripebananasinthefreezertomakebananabreadlater.Oruseanorangeskintomakeacandleusingvegetableoil.(你可以把舊T恤剪成碎片以便清理。此外，想想如何創(chuàng)造性地保存你的食物。例如，把熟透的香蕉放在冰箱里，以后做香蕉面包。或者用橘子皮用植物油做蠟燭)”可知，本段主要就如何重新利用家中的物品進(jìn)行了說明。故D選項“盡力搶救一切可用的東西”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Alowwastelifestyleisn’tjustaboutwhatyoudoathome.(低浪費的生活方式不僅僅是你在家做的事情)”可知，上文提到“低浪費的生活方式不僅僅是你在家做的事情”，推測本句承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋說明低浪費的生活方式的意義。故G選項“這也是關(guān)于尋找其他地方不浪費的方法”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Remember,reducingwasteisaboutfindingsustainablechangesthatfityourlifestyle.(記住，減少浪費就是找到適合你生活方式的可持續(xù)變化)”以及后文“You’llbepartofthesolutiontoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.(你將成為解決環(huán)境污染和氣候變化的一份子)”可知，本段為總結(jié)段落，上文提到減少浪費是找到可持續(xù)變化，說明是一個過程，需要慢慢開始。故A選項“從小處開始，慢慢積累”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtopletemyPhD(博士學(xué)位),itwaswithmydaughter.Ihadalwayshad___21___inmystudies.BythetimeIpletedmyMaster’sinEconomicsin1985,IwassurethatI___22___togetaPhD.Withinayearaftermypostgraduate,Ifaceda___23___intheroad:Ajobopportunity.Idecidedtoputmydegree___24___.Afewyearsdowntheline,Igotmarriedandhadmyfirstchild.In2007,opportunitycame___25___again.ButperhapsI___26___toosoon.Oneday,duringanearlymorninghike,Isuddenly___27___andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle.Sixmonthslater,___28___asIwas,thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible.Forthenextfiveyears,I___29___onnewpostingsandmydayswerefilledwithworkandfamily.WhenmyelderdaughterShreyabeganaPhD,itseemedliketheperfectopportunityto____30____heronthePhDjourney.InDecember2012,Ieventually____31____myPhDprogrammeatDelhiUniversity.Istillremembertheprofessorandstudentslooked____32____surprisedwhentheysawa50somethingstudentinclass.Lifegetsinthewayand____33____youoffcourse.Butstaying____34____totheoriginalselfandhavingbeliefinyourselfmakeallthedifference,especiallywhenyou’reontheroadless____35____.21.A.confidence B.support C.time D.trouble22.A.managed B.wanted C.dared D.begged23.A.crash B.sign C.fork D.stage24.A.inhand B.inreturn C.onpurpose D.onhold25.A.missing B.knocking C.warning D.cheering26.A.dropped B.changed C.celebrated D.agreed27.A.tripped B.moved C.stopped D.rushed28.A.grounded B.excited C.alarmed D.pained29.A.relied B.focused C.checked D.planned30.A.encourage B.trust C.push D.partner31.A.quitted B.copied C.discovered D.started32.A.predictably B.fortably C.strangely D.coldly33.A.sends B.burns C.forces D.cuts34.A.simple B.equal C.true D.clear35.A.travelled B.opened C.blocked D.preferred【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.D31.D32.A33.C34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一直懷揣攻讀博士學(xué)位的夢想，但因工作和家庭等因素多次擱置，后來在50多歲時和女兒一起開啟博士課程，最終實現(xiàn)夢想，并感悟到忠于本真和相信自己的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直對自己的學(xué)業(yè)充滿信心。A.confidence信心；B.support支持；C.time時間；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)下文“BythetimeIpletedmyMaster’sinEconomicsin1985,IwassurethatI___2___togetaPhD.”可知，作者讀完經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，還計劃攻讀博士學(xué)位，因此是對自己的學(xué)業(yè)充滿信心。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1985年我完成經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)碩士學(xué)位時，就確定自己想要攻讀博士學(xué)位。A.managed設(shè)法做到；B.wanted想要；C.dared敢于；D.begged懇求。根據(jù)上文“WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtopletemyPhD(博士學(xué)位)”可知，攻讀博士學(xué)位是作者畢生的夢想，因此是確定自己想要攻讀博士學(xué)位。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：研究生畢業(yè)后不到一年，我就面臨著一個岔路口：一個工作機(jī)會。A.crash碰撞；B.sign標(biāo)志；C.fork岔路口；D.stage階段。根據(jù)下文“Ajobopportunity”可知，作者碩士畢業(yè)后得到了一個工作機(jī)會，這和之前她規(guī)劃的繼續(xù)攻讀學(xué)位的計劃有沖突，因此是指面臨著一個岔路口，岔路口代表人生中的重要選擇和決策點?。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我決定暫緩攻讀博士學(xué)位。A.inhand在手中；B.inreturn作為回報；C.onpurpose故意；D.onhold暫停。根據(jù)下文“Afewyearsdowntheline,Igotmarriedandhadmyfirstchild.”可知，作者接下來結(jié)了婚并迎來了第一個孩子，因此她是決定暫緩攻讀博士學(xué)位，短語putsth.onhold意為“暫停某事”。故選D。25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2007年，機(jī)會再次降臨。A.missing錯過；B.knocking敲擊；C.warning警告；D.cheering歡呼。根據(jù)下文“thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible”可知，作者是打算申請攻讀博士學(xué)位的，因此是指機(jī)會再次敲門，即機(jī)會再次降臨。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但或許我慶祝得太早了。A.dropped掉落；B.changed改變；C.celebrated慶祝；D.agreed答應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible”可知，對于作者而言，她又一次無法攻讀博士學(xué)位，由此推知，她為新機(jī)會慶祝得太早了。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天清晨徒步時，我突然絆倒，左腳踝嚴(yán)重受傷。A.tripped絆倒；B.moved移動；C.stopped停止；D.rushed匆忙。根據(jù)下文“andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle”可推知，作者是突然絆倒，導(dǎo)致左腳踝嚴(yán)重受傷。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：六個月后，盡管我被禁足了，但攻讀博士學(xué)位的步驟是不可能的。A.grounded被罰不準(zhǔn)出門的；B.excited興奮的；C.alarmed驚慌的；D.pained痛苦的。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,duringanearlymorninghike,Isuddenly___7___andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle.”可知，作者在徒步時左腳踝嚴(yán)重受傷，因此六個月后應(yīng)該還沒有完全恢復(fù)，無法出門，被禁足在家。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的五年里，我專注于新的工作崗位，日子里滿是工作和家庭。A.relied依靠；B.focused關(guān)注；C.checked檢查；D.planned計劃。根據(jù)下文“mydayswerefilledwithworkandfamily”可知，作者的日子里滿是工作和家庭，因此是專注于新的工作崗位，短語focuson意為“專注于”。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我的大女兒Shreya開始攻讀博士學(xué)位時，這似乎是一個絕佳的機(jī)會，能讓我和她結(jié)伴踏上攻讀博士的征程。A.encourage鼓勵；B.trust信任；C.push推動；D.partner結(jié)成伙伴。根據(jù)上文“WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtopletemyPhD(博士學(xué)位),itwaswithmydaughter.”可知，作者和女兒一起完成攻讀博士學(xué)位，因此是和女兒結(jié)伴踏上攻讀博士的征程。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2012年12月，我最終在德里大學(xué)開始了我的博士課程。A.quitted離開；B.copied復(fù)制；C