九省聯(lián)考完形說課課件高三英語上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

MajorSkillsforClozeTest2024九省聯(lián)考之完形填空

命題立意與素養(yǎng)分析完形填空設(shè)題規(guī)律完形填空解題技巧與解題步驟說題框架試題拓展與變式IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.Imanagedtogettoagasstation,butitwasSundayintheearlyfall,andtherewasno42onduty.Iwasworkingmywaythroughuniversitythenandhadlittlemoneyfor43thecar.Isatalongsidemycarforseveralhourstryingto44theheatwhenanoldergentleman45tofuelhiscar.Heaskedaboutmycar,andI46mypredicament(困境).Tomy47,thegentlemantoldmethathehadadaughtermyage,andthenheopenedhistrunkand48atoolset.Rightthenandthere,thistotal49examinedmyengine,explainingasheworkedthatmysparkplugs(火花塞)hadn'tbeenchangedforsolongthattheywere50tofunction.Afteraboutanhour,he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.52cameatthehandsofastranger.53hisclothes,workingonahotSeptemberafternoon,thisman54acollegestudentfromdisaster,justbecauseshecouldhavebeenhis55.選自《赫芬頓郵報(bào)》2018年5月23日名為9HeartwarmingTimesStrangersHelpedStrugglingCollegeStudents的文章。41.A.busy B.loud C.dead D.secure42.A.mechanic B.policeman C.manager D.guide43.A.washing B.parking C.purchasing D.maintaining 44.A.feel B.beat C.absorb D.produce 45.A.promised B.refused C.stopped D.volunteered 46.A.solved B.noticed C.escaped D.explained 47.A.surprise B.regret C.amusement D.disappointment48.A.calledup B.pulledout C.putdown D.threwaway 49.A.liar B.beginner C.stranger D.loser 50.A.free B.ready C.uncertain D.unable 51.A.pronounced B.agreed C.discovered D.doubted 52.A.Tiredness B.Kindness C.Loneliness D.Carefulness 53.A.Folding B.Drying C.Soiling D.Mending 54.A.saved B.called C.judged D.banned 55.A.friend B.daughter C.coworker D.customer 一、命題立意和素養(yǎng)分析

完形填空要求學(xué)生能夠掌握文章大意，并運(yùn)用所學(xué)的綜合知識在限定時(shí)間內(nèi)（10-15分鐘）從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出使文章意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、邏輯合理的最佳選項(xiàng)。它考查考生的語言運(yùn)用能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯分析能力、推理判斷能力及常識應(yīng)用能力。一般所選語篇以記敘文或夾敘夾議文為主，融合了思想性和教育性，旨在說明一個(gè)人生道理或分享生活體驗(yàn)。

一、命題立意和素養(yǎng)分析

具體來說，在接觸語篇時(shí)，要求考生利用首句/首段/尾段的信息，進(jìn)一步推測語篇主旨。在閱讀中，要尋找上下文的提示信息，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷；識別語篇標(biāo)志，理清句間以及段落間的邏輯關(guān)系；利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找近義/同義表達(dá)；巧用文化知識和生活常識。通過語篇中的上下文線索，對語篇中的缺失信息進(jìn)行猜測、推斷、驗(yàn)證。

閱讀過程中，考生應(yīng)多注意體會作者的寫作意圖，培養(yǎng)語篇意識。高考完形填空主題語境人與自我(humanandself)

學(xué)習(xí)與生活做人與做事人與社會(humanandsociety)

社會服務(wù)與人際溝通文學(xué)、藝術(shù)與體育歷史、社會與文化科學(xué)與技術(shù)人與自然(humanandnature)

自然生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)災(zāi)害防范宇宙探索體裁類型文章特點(diǎn)記敘文(narrativewriting)結(jié)構(gòu)完整，邏輯嚴(yán)密敘議文(narrativeandargumentativewriting)說明文(expositorywriting)高考完形填空文章體裁二、完形填空設(shè)題規(guī)律

1.四種詞類：主要考查名詞、動詞、形容詞和副詞四類詞，且常常含1～2個(gè)詞組。2.形式一致：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的語法形式一致。3.意義迥異：一般不考查近義詞辨析，主要考詞義辨析。4.信息支撐：每個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)在上下文必有信息支撐。IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.Imanagedtogettoagasstation,butitwasSundayintheearlyfall,andtherewasno42onduty.Iwasworkingmywaythroughuniversitythenandhadlittlemoneyfor43thecar.Isatalongsidemycarforseveralhourstryingto44theheatwhenanoldergentleman45tofuelhiscar.Heaskedaboutmycar,andI46mypredicament(困境).Tomy47,thegentlemantoldmethathehadadaughtermyage,andthenheopenedhistrunkand48atoolset.Rightthenandthere,thistotal49examinedmyengine,explainingasheworkedthatmysparkplugs(火花塞)hadn'tbeenchangedforsolongthattheywere50tofunction.Afteraboutanhour,he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.52cameatthehandsofastranger.53hisclothes,workingonahotSeptemberafternoon,thisman54acollegestudentfromdisaster,justbecauseshecouldhavebeenhis55.2024九省聯(lián)考41.A.busy B.loud C.dead D.secure42.A.mechanic B.policeman C.manager D.guide43.A.washing B.parking C.purchasing D.maintaining 44.A.feel B.beat C.absorb D.produce 45.A.promised B.refused C.stopped D.volunteered 46.A.solved B.noticed C.escaped D.explained 47.A.surprise B.regret C.amusement D.disappointment48.A.calledup B.pulledout C.putdown D.threwaway 49.A.liar B.beginner C.stranger D.loser 50.A.free B.ready C.uncertain D.unable 51.A.pronounced B.agreed C.discovered D.doubted 52.A.Tiredness B.Kindness C.Loneliness D.Carefulness 53.A.Folding B.Drying C.Soiling D.Mending 54.A.saved B.called C.judged D.banned 55.A.friend B.daughter C.coworker D.customer

名詞

5

動詞

7

形容/副詞

2

短語1三、（一）解題技巧Semanticfield語

義

場asetofwordswithrelatedmeanings.語義場的概念:

物理學(xué)中的電場、磁場、重力場具有同一性，即在場中的任意位置場的作用是相同的。

類比于物理中的場，一篇文章也有它的“場”，即一個(gè)語篇中語言的使用中具有同一性。這種同一性體現(xiàn)在性質(zhì)相同或不同的詞之間具有語義上的關(guān)聯(lián)。1.SaturdayA.trip

B.holiday C.weekend

D.square 2.exploreA.searching

B.planning

C.natural

D.formal3.wrongA.ready

B.possible C.correct

D.difficult 4.aliveA.dead

B.hurt

C.weak

D.late 5.riverA.dust B.water

C.grass

D.bush 6.medical

A.hospital

B.factory

C.restaurant

D.hotel7.experimentA.library B.laboratory

C.clinic

D.museum

找出下列詞的語義詞語義場分為同性質(zhì)詞之間的語義場和異性質(zhì)詞之間的語義場。名詞之間的同一性體現(xiàn)在語義上的一致性。動詞之間的同一性體現(xiàn)在一個(gè)事件或一個(gè)人物的先后動作具有連貫性。形容詞/副詞之間的同一性體現(xiàn)在作者的情感態(tài)度具有一致性。ImanagedtogetanAinthat

13._______andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe14.______.

13.A.game

B.presentation

C.course

D.experiment

14.A.criterionB.classroom C.departmentD.

situation1.名詞之間的同類性(similarity)（一）同性質(zhì)詞之間的語義場2.動詞之間的連貫性

(sequence)

Everyefforttocleartheairseemedtoonlydeepenourmisunderstanding.Thenhe28._______asmallislandintheCaribbeanandwe29._________touch.Onedayhewrotemealetter.(2010年全國卷II)28.A.toured

B.stoppedover

C.reached D.movedto 29.A.lost

B.keptin

C.needed

D.gotin

Irememberhow43.________IwaswhenIsawthetraystandnearthetables;itlookeddifferentfromtheonelwas

trained

on.Ithadnicehandles(手柄),whichmadeit45.______tomovearound.Iwaspleasedwitheverything.

43.A.angry

B.calm

C.sad D.happy

45.A.slower B.easier

C.lighter

D.harder3.形容詞之間的一致性(coherence):作者的情感態(tài)度具有一致性（二）異性質(zhì)詞之間的語義場

Ourmeetingswerenot

26._____;our

conversationwasfilledwithargumentsandquarrels.

26.A.normal

B.necessary C.pleasant

D.possible詞詞短語句子反義關(guān)系同/近義關(guān)系

原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)同義或近義復(fù)現(xiàn)

指代

句型

并列關(guān)系

轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

讓步關(guān)系

解釋關(guān)系

順序關(guān)系語篇信息（信息支撐）

因果關(guān)系詞匯語法邏輯反義詞固定搭配第一步讀首尾段，摸清文路（1min）第二步速覽全文，把握大意（2min）第三步瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇（10min）第四步復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案（2min）三、（二）解題步驟IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.Imanagedtogettoagasstation,butitwasSundayintheearlyfall,andtherewasno42onduty.Iwasworkingmywaythroughuniversitythenandhadlittlemoneyfor43thecar.Isatalongsidemycarforseveralhourstryingto44theheatwhenanoldergentleman45tofuelhiscar.Heaskedaboutmycar,andI46mypredicament(困境).Tomy47,thegentlemantoldmethathehadadaughtermyage,andthenheopenedhistrunkand48atoolset.Rightthenandthere,thistotal49examinedmyengine,explainingasheworkedthatmysparkplugs(火花塞)hadn'tbeenchangedforsolongthattheywere50tofunction.Afteraboutanhour,he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.52cameatthehandsofastranger.53hisclothes,workingonahotSeptemberafternoon,thisman54acollegestudentfromdisaster,justbecauseshecouldhavebeenhis55.Whatinformationcanwegetfromthefirstsentence?Step1:首句信息：在回家路上，車壞了。Step2:體裁：記敘文題材：人與社會速覽全文：文章主要講述了作者的車在半路壞了，正巧趕上周日，在加油站并沒有找到修車的人。這時(shí)恰巧有一位年長的紳士來加油。了解到作者遇到的困難后，他主動幫助作者修了車。作者對此非常的感謝。

IwashalfwayacrossIndianaheadedhometoKentuckywhenmycarbrokedown.Myphonewas41,too.Imanagedtogettoagasstation,butitwasSundayintheearlyfall,andtherewasno42onduty.Iwasworkingmywaythroughuniversitythenandhadlittlemoneyfor43thecar.41.A.busy B.loud C.dead D.secure42.A.mechanic B.policeman C.manager D.guide43.A.washing B.parking C.purchasing D.maintaining同義關(guān)聯(lián)+邏輯關(guān)系42、43：邏輯關(guān)系：車壞了，需要修理工來修理

Isatalongsidemycarforseveralhourstryingto44theheatwhenanoldergentleman45tofuelhiscar.Heaskedaboutmycar,andI46mypredicament(困境).Tomy47,thegentlemantoldmethathehadadaughtermyage,andthenheopenedhistrunkand48atoolset.…..onahotSeptemberafternoon44.A.feel B.beat C.absorb D.produce 45.A.promised B.refused C.stopped D.volunteered46.A.solved B.noticed C.escaped D.explained47.A.surprise B.regret C.amusement D.disappointment48.A.calledup B.pulledout C.putdown D.threwaway 邏輯關(guān)系：停車準(zhǔn)備加油—“我”解釋困境—意料之外，老人打開后備箱拿出工具箱。后文有提示，天氣熱，所以躺在車的陰涼處“避暑”情感線：第一段全是令人“受挫”的事情，所以這里老人的幫助令我驚喜Rightthenandthere,thistotal49examinedmyengine,explainingasheworkedthatmysparkplugs(火花塞)hadn'tbeenchangedforsolongthattheywere50tofunction.Afteraboutanhour,he51thatmycarwassafetofinishthetrip.52cameat