江蘇省無錫新領(lǐng)航教育咨詢有限公司八年級英語上冊知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版

江蘇省無錫新領(lǐng)航教育咨詢有限公司八年級英語上冊知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版江蘇省無錫新領(lǐng)航教育咨詢有限公司八年級英語上冊知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)牛津版【知識梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語1.ontime2.bestwishes3.giveatalk4.forexample5.shortfor6.awasteoftime7.goonafieldtrip8.gofishing9.Iagree10.nextweek11.thedayaftertomorrow12.haveapicnic13.havesomeproblemsdoingsth.14.gothewrongway15.hurryup16.gettogether17.intheopenair18.onMid-AutumnDay19.comeover20.haveto21.gethome22.agreewith23.inthecountry24.intown25.allthesame26.infrontof27.ontheleft/rightside28.nextto29.upanddown30.keephealthy31.growup32.atthesametime33.thedaybeforeyesterday35.lastSaturday36.halfanhourago37.amomentago38.justnow39.bytheway40.allthetime41.atfirst1用心愛心專心II.重要句型1.havefundoingsth.2.Whydon’tyou??3.We’regoingtodosth.4.startwithsth.5.Whynot??6.Areyougoingto??7.befriendlytosb.8.You’dbetterdosth.9.asksb.forsth.10.saygoodbyetosb.11.Goodluck(withsb)!III.交際用語1.Welcomebacktoschool!2.Excuseme.I’msorryI’mlate,becausethetrafficisbad.3.Itdoesn’tmatter.4.HappyTeachers’Day!5.That’sagoodidea.6.Whatareyougoingtodo,7.Wherearewegoing?8.Whatarewegoingtodo?9.I’mgoodat?10.It’snotfarfrom?11.Areyoufreetomorrowevening?12.WouldyouandLilyliketocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?13.I’mgladyoucancome.14.Thanksforaskingus.15.Howaboutanotherone?16.MayIhaveataste?17.Letmewalkwithyou.18.Whatdoyouhavetodo?19.Doyouliveonafarm?20.Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?21.Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?22.Shallwegoatten?Goodidea!23.---Let’smakeithalfpastone.---OK.24.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---Allright.25.Excuseme.Where’sthenearestpostoffice,please?26.It’soverthereontheright.27.I’msorryIdon’tknow.28.You’dbetter?29.Thankyouallthesame.30.WhichbusdoItake?31.Goalongthisroad.32.Whatdaywasityesterday?33.I’msorrytohearthat.2用心愛心專心34.Ihopeyou’rebetternow.35.Whydidyoucallme?36.Icalledtotell?IV.重要語法1.begoingto的用法;2.形容詞的比較級、最高級;3.形容詞和副詞的比較4.一般過去時(shí)【名師講解】1.onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上”時(shí)，onthestreet和inthestreet都可以，在美國多用onthestreet,在英國多用inthestreet.例如:Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我們在街上有座房子。Imethimonthestreet.我在街上遇見了他。2.wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含義不同。like意思是“喜歡”，“愛好”，而wouldlike意思是“想要”。試比較:Ilikebeer.=I’mfondofbeer.我喜歡喝啤酒。I’dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜歡看電影嗎,Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看電影嗎,3.another/theother(1)another通常用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個(gè)人或物體。例如:MayIhaveanotherapple,please?請?jiān)诮o我一個(gè)蘋果好嗎,Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother這件外套我穿太小，請?jiān)俳o我拿一件看看。(2)theother通常指兩者中的另一個(gè)。例如:Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有兩把尺子，一把短的，另一把長的。Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXi’an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)在西安工作，另一個(gè)在北京工作。4.haveto/must(1)haveto和must都可以用來談?wù)摿x務(wù)，但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺得必須去做而又想去時(shí)，常用must。如果談?wù)撃撤N來自“外界”的義務(wù)，常用haveto。例如:Imuststopsmoking.我必須戒煙。(自己想戒煙)Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.他們不得不為那個(gè)老板工作。(條件逼得他們?nèi)スぷ?(2)haveto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:I’llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.為了多掙錢，我們不得不每天長時(shí)間地工作。(3)用于否定句時(shí)，mustn’t意思是“決不能”，“禁止”，而don’thaveto意思是“不必”，相當(dāng)于needn’t。例如:Youmustn’tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你決不能再遲到。Youdon’thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.3用心愛心專心你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。5.hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“聽到某人或某物在做某事”，而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思是“聽到某人或某物做過某事”。試比較:IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.聽見他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。類似hear這種用法的還有see,watch,listen,feel等感官動詞。6.any/someany和some都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑問句和否定句中。試比較:Iwantsomemoney.我想要點(diǎn)錢。Haveyouanymoney?你有錢嗎,Idon’thaveanymoney.我一點(diǎn)錢也沒有。some有時(shí)也用于疑問句，表示說話人期待一個(gè)肯定回答或鼓勵人家說“是”。例如:Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?請你再來點(diǎn)啤酒好嗎,CouldIhavesomerice,please?請給我來點(diǎn)米飯好嗎,7.hear/listentolistento和hear都有“聽”的意思，但含義有所不同。Listento強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的動作，hear強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的結(jié)果。例如:Listentome,please!I’mgoingtotellyouastory.請聽我說～我給你們講個(gè)故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?聽～你能聽見有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎,Ilistened,butheardnothing.我聽了聽，但什么也聽不見。hear后面如果接賓語從句，常常表示“聽說”。例如:Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我聽說一些外國學(xué)生將要訪問我們學(xué)校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我聽說今晚我們學(xué)校要演一場電影。8.Let’s?/Letus?Let’s?和Letus?都表示“讓我們??”,如果us包括聽話人在內(nèi)，其含義相同，附帶問句用shallwe.如果us不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，其含義不同，Letus?的附帶問句要用willyou。例如:Let’sgoshopping,shallwe?我們?nèi)ベ徫锖脝?9.take/bring/carry/get這四個(gè)動詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思，但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”，“拿走”，bring意為“帶來”，“拿來”,get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來或拿來”，carry不強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，帶有負(fù)重的意思。試比較:Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。I’mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我準(zhǔn)備帶你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.請給我端杯茶來。I’llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本書給你帶來。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服務(wù)員把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那個(gè)包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.讓我去請醫(yī)生吧。10.faraway/faraway(1)faraway是一個(gè)副詞短語，意思是“很遠(yuǎn)”。例如:Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些離得很遠(yuǎn)，有些離得近一些的。4用心愛心專心Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那個(gè)村子離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。(2)faraway是一個(gè)形容詞，意思是“遙遠(yuǎn)的”，可以在句中作定語。例如:Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小山村。11.find/lookforfind和lookfor都有“找”的意思，但含義不同。find強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果，而lookfor強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過程。請看下列例句:Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行車。I’mlookingformywatch,butcan’tfindit.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。另外，find還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;“感到”等意思。例如:Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在課桌里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我覺得這本書很有意思。12.infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范圍內(nèi)。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部，在某物的范圍內(nèi)。試比較:MyseatisinfrontofMary’s.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司機(jī)坐在小車的前部?！究键c(diǎn)掃描】1.begoingto的用法;2.形容詞的比較級、最高級;3.形容詞和副詞的比較4.一般過去時(shí)5.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型;6.本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語?！局锌挤独?.(2010年煙臺市中考試題)Intheexam,the________youare,the________mistakesyou’llmake.A.carefully,littleB.morecarefully,fewestC.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less【解析】答案:C。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的比較以及他們的比較等級的用法。第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填形容詞careful的比較級，因?yàn)樗诰渲凶鞅碚Z，第二個(gè)空應(yīng)填few的比較級，因?yàn)樗揎椀氖菑?fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。2.(2011年河北省中考試題)Bobneverdoeshishomework_________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyD.ascarefulas【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法比較。該空應(yīng)填副詞，因?yàn)樗揎椀氖莿釉~does。該題用的是notas+副詞+as的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答案應(yīng)是B。3.(2010年重慶市中考試題)ThatdayIsawsomeparents_________atthebackoftheclassroom,________totheteacher.A.sitting,listenedB.sat,listenedC.sitting,listeningD.sat,listening【解析】答案:C。該題考查的是seesb.doingsth.的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞作狀語的用法。第一個(gè)空stting在句中作saw的賓語補(bǔ)足語，第二個(gè)空listening做伴隨狀語。4.(2010年杭州市中考試題)You________openthedoorbeforethetraingetsintothestation.5用心愛心專心A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot【解析】答案:B。該題考查的是幾個(gè)情態(tài)動詞否定式的用法區(qū)別。don’thaveto和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，maynot的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不許”，“禁止”?！緷M分演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.Welcomeback________school.A.inB.atC.toD.on2.MissGaoisournewChineseteacher________.A.inthistermB.thistermC.onthistermD.thatterm3.---I’msorryI’mlate.---_____________.A.OKB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.AllrightD.Thankyou4.LiMuandJillaretalking_________wheretheyaregoing.A.aboutB.toC.withD.for5.Thereisvery______foodinthehouse.A.afewB.littleC.alittleD.few6.You’dbettertakearaincoat____you.A.toB.withC.onD.for7.ThechildrenaregoingtotheGreatWall______afieldtrip.A.toB.withC.onD.for8.I’m______hungry.MayIhaveamooncake?A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few9.I’mstillhungry.I’dlike_________one.A.otherB.anotherC.anotherD.theother10.Themoonlooks____thanthesun,butinfactthesunis______thanthemoon.A.big;bigB.bigger;biggerC.small;smallD.smaller;smaller11.Icanseethem_____footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.areplaying12.JiWeiruns_________thanI.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest13.Ithinksteamedbreadis____________hamburger.A.moredeliciousthanB.mostdeliciousthanC.moredelicioustoD.mostdeliciousto14.---Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?----__________.I’mfree.A.TodomyhomeworkB.TocleanmyhouseC.TodosomeshoppingD.Nothingmuch15.---MayIspeaktoJack?---____________.Who’sthat?A.I’mJackB.ThatisJackC.ThisisJackspeakingD.I’mJackspeaking16.----Whynot_________andseetheplay?6用心愛心專心---Goodidea.A.goB.goingC.togoD.goes17.It’scoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoor_________.A.closeB.closingC.closesD.closed18.Myhomeisabouttwohundredmetres_____ourschool.A.fromB.farfromC.awayD.to19.Therearesomeappletrees________herhouse.A.inthefrontofB.atthebackofC.inthemiddleofD.atthefrontof20.Whichfloordoyou________?A.liveB.liveonC.liveatD.livein二.完形填空TheXingqingPalacePark(興慶宮公園)is__1___parkinXi’an.__2__SaturdaysorSundays,childrenlike___3___there__4___theirparents.Theretheycanplaygames.Thereisalakeandahillinthepark.TodayisSunday.Manychildrenareplayinginthepark.Look!Somechildren__5___onthelake.Theyaregood__6___it.Istheboat___7___achicken?No.Itlookslikeaduck.Someboysareplaying__8___footballonthegrass(草地)。Afewboys__9___thehilloverthere.Allthechildrenarehavingagoodtime.Theythinkplayingintheparkis___10___thanhavingclassesatschool.1.A.biggerB.thebiggestC.smallerD.thesmaller2.A.InB.OnC.AtD.With3.A.walkingB.goingC.runningD.flying4.A.withB.forC.onD.in5.A.isswimmingB.isboatingC.arerunningD.areboating6.A.InB.withC.fromD.at7.A.lookB.likesC.looksD.like8.A.aB./C.anD.the9.A.arerunningB.arewalkingC.areclimbingD.arejumping10.A.littlebetterB.muchbetterC.manybetterD.thebest三.閱讀理解(A)MarkTwainistravelingtoDijonbytrain.Hewantstosleepverymuch,soheaskstheconductor(服務(wù)員)towakehimupwhenthetraingetstoDijon.Thehegoestosleep.Later,whenwakesup,itisearlythenextmorningandthetrainhasgottoParis.Heknowsatoncethattheconductordoesn’twakehimupatDijon.Heisveryangry.Herunsuptotheconductorandsays,“Whydidn’tyouwakemeupandputmeoffthetrainatDijon?Iamveryangryaboutit!”Theconductorsmilesandlooksathim,“AnotherAmericanismoreangrythanyou.Butyoucan’tseehimnow.IputhimoffthetrainatDijonlastnight.”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句的正誤:正確的答“A”，錯(cuò)誤的答“B”。1(MarktwainaskstheconductortowakehimupinParis.2(ThetraingottoDijonatnight.3(MarkTwainwasveryangrywiththeconductor.4(Theconductormadeamistake(錯(cuò)誤).HeputanotherAmericanoffthetrainatDijon.5(MarkTwaincan’tseethatAmericanbecausetheAmericandoesn’tlikehim.(B)7用心愛心專心TheworsttouristintheworldisNicholasScottiofSanFrancisco.OnceheflewfromtheUStohishometowninItalytoseesomeoneathome.Theplanemadeaone-hourstoptogetoilatKennedyAirportofNewYork.Ashethoughthehadarrivedhome,MrScottigotofftheplane.HethoughthewasinRome.Whennobodywastheretomeethim,MrScottithoughtmaybetheywereheldupbyheavytraffic.Whilelookingfortheiraddresses,MrScottifoundthattheold"Rome"hadchangedalot.Manyoldbuildingswerereplacedbyhighmodernones.HealsofoundthatmanypeoplespokeEnglishinsteadofItalianandthatmanystreetsignswerewritteninEnglish.MrScottiknewverylittleEnglish,soheaskedapoliceman(inItalian)thewaytothebusstation.HehappenedtomeetapolicemanwhowasalsoborninItalyandansweredhiminthesamelanguage.Aftertwelvehours'travelingroundonabus,thedriverhandedhimovertoasecondpoliceman.HeaskedthepolicemanwhytheRomepoliceemployedsomanypeopleaspolicemenspeakingEnglishofItalian.TogethimonaplanebacktoSanFrancisco,Hewassenttotheairportinapolicecarwithsirens(警報(bào))on."Look,"saidScottitohisinterpreter,"IknowI'minItaly.That'showtheydrive."1.WhenMrScottiarrivedattheairport,nobodymethimbecause____________.A.hewasinNewYorkB.hewasinRomeC.policemencouldhelphimD.hewasinanItaliancity2.Inwhatdirection(方向)didtheplaneflywhenMrScottiwenttoItalyfromtheUS?A.Totheeast.B.Tothesouth.C.TothewestD.Tothenorth.3.WhywasMrScottisosurethathewasinRome?A.Becausehetraveledalot.B.BecauseheknewlittleabouttheUS.C.BecauseheknewlittleaboutItaly.D.Becausehedidn'ttravelmuch.4.AtlastMrScotti_________.A.knewhedidsomethingwrongB.stillthoughthewas8用心愛心專心C.knewhewaswrongD.knewhewashome5.DoyouthinkmanypeopledothesamethingasMrScottidid?A.NobodybutMrScottimadethiskindofmistake.B.Manypeoplemakethiskindofmistake.C.Fewpeoplemakethiskindofmistake.D.50%ofpeoplewillmakethesamemistake.(C)MywifeandIstayedinLondonforafewweekslastyear.Wewentthereintheautumn.WethinkitisthebestseasontovisitEngland.TheweatherisusuallyquitegoodandtherearenottoomanyvisitorsinOctober.WestayedinasmallrestaurantintheWestEnd.Wedidmostofoursightseeingonfoot.Wewenttolookatalltheplaces.Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney.Welikedgoingtothetheatre.Wedon'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays(戲劇)athome.AlotofpeoplesayEnglishfoodisverybad.Wedidn'tthinkso.MostoftherestaurantsareFrenchorChinese,butwehadsomeverygoodmeals.Weenjoyedourholidayverymuch.Wewanttogothereagainthisyear.Wearegoingtotakeourumbrellas.I'msurewe'llneedthemsometimes.1.“Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney”means_________.A.theydidn'tenjoyshoppingandspenttoomuchmoneyB.priceswerehighinEnglandC.thereweresomanygoodthingsintheshopsandtheyboughtalotD.theylikedtogoshoppingwithlotsofmoney2.Theydidn'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays_________.A.intheirsmallrestaurantB.intheirhometownC.inFranceD.inEngland3.Youcanget_______inarestaurant.A.mealsB.clothesC.booksD.cakes4.I'msurewe'llneedumbrellassometimesbecause_