季節(jié)性施工安全技術(shù)課件

《季節(jié)性施工安全技術(shù)》SeasonalConstructionSafetyTechnology第一節(jié)

雨季施工

Section1ConstructioninRainySeason

1.根據(jù)總圖利用自然地形確定排水方向，按照規(guī)定坡度挖好排水溝，以便確保施工工地和一切臨時(shí)設(shè)施的安全。雨季應(yīng)設(shè)專人負(fù)責(zé)，隨時(shí)隨地及時(shí)疏通，確保施工現(xiàn)場排水順暢。1.Determinethedrainagedirectionusingthenaturalterrainaccordingtogeneraldrawing,anddigthedrainageditchaccordingtothespecifiedslopetoensurethesafetyoftheconstructionsiteandalltemporaryfacilities.Aspecially-assignedpersonshallbeinchargeofthewholesituationinrainyseasonanddredgeblockageintimewheneverandwherevertoensuresmoothdrainageattheconstructionsite.2.臨時(shí)道路起拱應(yīng)為5‰，兩側(cè)做寬300mm、深200mm的排水溝，以防陷車和翻車事故的發(fā)生。對路基易受沖刷部分，應(yīng)鋪石塊、焦渣、礫石等滲水防滑材料，或設(shè)涵管排泄，以便保證路基的穩(wěn)固。雨期中應(yīng)指定專人負(fù)責(zé)維修路面，對路面不平或積水處應(yīng)抓緊搶修或晴天及時(shí)修好，以便消除隱患。2.Thearchcamberoftemporaryroadsshallbe5‰,anddrainageditcheswithwidthof300mmanddepthof200mmshallbebuiltonbothsidestopreventvehiclesinkingandrolloversaccidents.Fortheeasilyscouredpartofthesubgrade,waterseepageandanti-skidmaterialssuchasstones,cokeslagandgravelshallbepaved,orculvertpipesshallbesetfordrainagetoensurethestabilityofthesubgrade.Duringtherainyseason,aspecialdesignatedpersonshouldbeinchargeofpavementmaintenance,andtheunevenorpondingpartsofthepavementshallberepairedintimeorinsunnydaystoeliminatehiddendangers.3.施工現(xiàn)場的大型臨時(shí)設(shè)施，在雨期前后應(yīng)整個(gè)加固完畢，應(yīng)保證不漏、不塌、不倒、周圍不積水，腳手架、井架底腳的埋深，纜風(fēng)繩的地錨等應(yīng)進(jìn)行全面檢查，特別是大風(fēng)大雨過后要及時(shí)檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題及時(shí)處理，雨季前應(yīng)檢查照明和動力線有無混線，電桿有無腐蝕，埋設(shè)是否牢靠等，保證雨季中正常供電。3.Thelarge-scaletemporaryfacilitiesontheconstructionsiteshallbereinforcedbeforeandaftertherainyseasontoensurethatthereisnoleakage,collapseorpondingaround.Theembeddeddepthofscaffoldandderrickfootandthegroundanchorofcablewindropeshallbecomprehensivelyinspected.Inparticular,theyshallbeinspectedintimeafterstrongwindandheavyrain,andtheproblemsfoundshallbehandledintime.Beforetherainyseason,checkwhetherthelightinglinesandpowerlinesaremixed,whethertheelectricalpolesarecorrodedandwhethertheyarefirmlyburiedinordertoensurenormalpowersupplyinrainyseason.

4.怕雨、怕潮、怕裂的原材料、構(gòu)件和設(shè)備等，應(yīng)放人室內(nèi)或設(shè)立堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，堆放在地面較高處，或用篷布封蓋嚴(yán)密等措施進(jìn)行分別處理。4.Rawmaterials,componentsandequipmentthatareafraidofrain,moistureandcrackshallbeplacedindoorsorbeputonasolidfoundationorstackedatahigherplaceontheground,orsealedtightlywithtarpaulin.第一節(jié)

雨季施工

Section1ConstructioninRainySeason

5.根據(jù)土的性質(zhì)、溫度和挖槽深度按規(guī)程中規(guī)定放坡，并在建筑物四周做好截水溝或擋水堤，嚴(yán)防場內(nèi)雨水倒灌?；垡惨谝疁稀⒓与S時(shí)抽水，若基坑開挖發(fā)現(xiàn)地下水較多時(shí)，可沿槽底引挖同-.方向的引水邊溝，溝寬-般為200~300mm,溝深比槽底深200~300mm，將基槽地下水引向集水坑口，用抽水機(jī)排出，挖出的土方要及時(shí)運(yùn)出場外，如要回填，應(yīng)集中堆置于槽邊3m以外。若槽外有機(jī)械行駛，應(yīng)距槽邊5m，手推車距槽邊應(yīng)大于1m。5.Accordingtothenature,temperatureandtrenchingdepthofthesoil,theslopeshallbemadeaccordingtotheregulations,andinterceptingditchesorretainingdikesshallbemadearoundthebuildingstostrictlypreventthebackflowofrainwaterinthesite.Thefoundationtrenchshallalsobeexcavatedwithdiversionditchandcollectingsumptopumpwateratanytime.Ifthereismoregroundwaterfoundintheexcavationofthefoundationpit,thediversionsideditchinthesamedirectioncanbeexcavatedalongthebottomofthetrench.Thewidthofditchisgenerally200~300mm,andthedepthoftheditchis200~300mmdeeperthanthebottomofthetrench.Thegroundwaterinthefoundationtrenchisledtotheopeningofthesumpanddischargedbythepump.Theexcavatedearthworkshallbetransportedoutofthesiteintime.Ifbackfillingisrequired,itshallbestacked3mawayfromthegrooveedge.Ifthereismachineryrunningoutsidethegroove,itshallbe5mawayfromthegrooveedge,andthetrolleyshallbeplacedmorethan1mawayfromthegrooveedge.第一節(jié)

雨季施工

Section1ConstructioninRainySeason第二節(jié)

冬季施工

Section2

ConstructioninWinter

1.當(dāng)溫度低于一20℃時(shí)，嚴(yán)禁對低合金鋼進(jìn)行冷彎。以避免在鋼筋冷彎點(diǎn)處發(fā)生脆化，造成鋼筋脆斷。1.Whenthetemperatureisbelow-20℃,coldbendingoflowalloysteelisstrictlyprohibitedtoavoidembrittlementatthecoldbendingpointofconcretereinforcingbars,resultinginbrittlefractureofconcretereinforcingbars.

2.采用暖棚法以火爐為熱源時(shí)，應(yīng)注意加強(qiáng)消防和防止煤氣中毒。2.Whenapplyingheatinghousemethodandtakingthestoveastheheatsource,youshouldpayattentiontostrengtheningfirefightingandpreventingcarbonmonoxidepoisoning.

3.各種有毒物品、油料、氧氣、