大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷81（共180題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷81（共9套）

（共180題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Thenewspapermustprovidefuillicicadcithefacts,pure,objeulivefaulb.Buiinthese

daysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemore;itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningof

（hefacts.ThisisthemostimportantassignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism—to

makecleartothereadertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsas

understandableascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthingas

"local"news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactioninmanpower

floating,ineconomicpressure,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.Thereisin

journalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkoninterpretation,youareentering

dangerouswaters,theswirlingtidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.Theopponentsof

interpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftothe"facts'*.This

insistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Andarethebarefactsenough?Asto

thefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called'Tactual"storycomesabout.Thereporter

collects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspacebeingnecessarilyrestricted,he

selectsthetenwhichheconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Then

heorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiccc.（This

isimportantbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph.）Thisis

JudgmentsNumberTwo.Theniheeditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbe

presentedonpageone,whereithaslargerimpact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithas

little.JudgmentNumberThree.Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or

"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatall

unlikethoseinvolvedinterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheir

researchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism,"arriveata

conclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationof

thenewsanditsinterpretation,arebothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocesses一as

objective,thatis,asanyhumanbeingcanbe.（Eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycan

neverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbeultimategoal.）Ifaneditoris

intentonslantingthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanby

interpretation.Hecandoitbytheselectionofthosefactsthatpropuphisparticularplea.

Orhecandoitbytheplayhegivesastory-promotingittopageoneordraggingitto

pagethirty.

1、Whydoestheauthorsaytheinterpretationisthemostimportantassignment

confrontingAmericanjournalism?

A、Becausetheinterpretationtellsthereaderthattheyarereadinginternationalnews.

B、Becausewiththehelpoftheinterpretation,readerscanhavebetterunderstandingof

thenews.

C、Becausegoodinterpretationscanarousemorereactionfromthereaders.

D、Becausewithoutinterpretation,localnewswon'texistanymore.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。作者在第一段第三句指出Thisisthemostimportant

assignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism-tomakecleartothereadertheproblemsof

theday,即這是現(xiàn)在美國新聞工作者面對的最重要的任務(wù)--讓讀者清楚地知道現(xiàn)

在的問題。故選B。

2、Thereasonwhysomepeopleopposetheinterpretationofnewsisthat.

A、theybelievetheinterpretationwillbetoosubjective

B、theyarcafraidthattheinterpretationwillbringdanger

C、theyareconfinedtothefactsandcan'tseeanythingelse

D^theysaytheinterpretationistotalnonsense

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：推斷題。文章第三段指出Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthat

thewriterandtheeditorshallconfinehimselftotheufacts,\即反對新聞解讀的人認(rèn)為

新聞作者和編輯應(yīng)該只農(nóng)道事實。由此可推斷，反對者認(rèn)為新聞解讀有很多主觀

性，從而影響新聞的客觀性。故答案為A。

3、Basically,whydocsthereporterdiscardsomeofthefacts?

A、Becausehewantstomakethereportssimple.

B、Becausethosefactsarenotworthwriting.

C^Becausethespaceinthenewspaperislimited.

D、Becausehiseditoraskshimtodoso.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)短文第四段中outofthesefifty,hisspacebeing

nccessarilyrestricted,heselectsthetenwhichheconsidersmostimportant.可知.由

于空間有限記者需要選出他認(rèn)為是最重要的，故正確答案為Co

4、Whatcanwelearnabouttheleadofthepiece?

A、It'stheonlypartmanyreadersreadinthepiece.

B、Itshouldmentionallthefactscoveredinthepiece.

C>Itiswrittenbytheeditorratherthanthereporter.

D^Itwilllurethereadersintofurtherreading.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析:推斷題。短文第四段指出…decideswhichofthesetenfactsshall

constitutetheleadofthepiece.(Thisisimportantbecausemanyreadersdonotproceed

beyondthefirstparagraph.)即決定哪一條可以作為整個報道的開頭。(這很重要，因

為很多讀者只會讀第一段)。故選A。

5、Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheinterpretationofnewsis.

A、Hethinkstheinterpretationofnewsisabsolutelynonsense

B、Hebelievestheinterpretationisasobjectiveasthehumanbeingscanbe

C、Hedoubtswhetherthereportersarccapableofmakingitobjective

D、Heholdstheopinionthattotallyobjectiveinterpretationcannotbeachieved

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B'

知識點解析：態(tài)度題。作者在最后一段明確指出自己的觀點：Thetwoareasof

judgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,arebothobjectiveratherthan

subjectiveprocesses—asobjective,thatis,asanyhumanbeingcanbe.由此可知，作

者認(rèn)為新聞的解讀是客觀的。故選兒

TheincreasingAmericanizationofJapaneselifeisevidentinmanyways.Onesuchway

isthegrowingpopularityofcreditcards.Traditionally,inJapan,cashwasthepreferred

formofpaymentinalldailypurchases.Buyingthingsoncreditwasseenassomethingto

beavoidedatallcosts.Thiswasespeciallytrueamongtheoldergenerationwhowerenot

accustomedtothebuy-now-pay-laterethic.Ontheotherhand,Americansarewellused

tothisformofpayingforgoodsandservices.Creditcards,alongwithchecks,are

relativelysafeandeasytouse.Theyarealsonowconsideredasacommonformof

identification,theotherformofIDbeingadriver'slicense.Infact,whenrentingacarin

America,acreditcardisrequiredasanIDand,inaddition,isthepreferredformof

payment.Manycompanieswillnotevenacceptcashoncarrentals.Creditcardsoffer

Japaneseconsumersanumberofconveniences.Customerscangetdiscountsoncertain

items.Theirnamesmaybeenteredinlotterieswheretheycanwincashprizes.Perhaps

mostimportantly,though,easycreditisofferedtoborrowers.Thoseneedingaloan,

especiallyiftheyareyoung,canborrowmoneyeasily.Theseadvantageshavemade

creditcardsincreasinglypopularandsomeofthetraditionalbiasagainstthemisbeing

dispelled,especiallyamongyoungpeople,whooftenhaveanumberofdifferentcards.

However,therearedefinitedisadvantagestousingcreditcards.Theavailabilityofeasy

creditmaybeonething,butthehighinterestrateschargedbycardcompaniesisquite

another.In2000,therewereabout230millioncreditcardsinuseinJapan;therewere

alsoabout140,000bankruptcies.Manypeoplewereunabletocontroltheircreditcard

spending,andasaresult,theywentintodebt.Youngpeopleareespeciallyvulnerableto

thetemptationsofhavingacreditcard.Theyoftencannotresistspendingmoneyon

expensivebraiid-iianicclollius,high-lculiaudiuandvideocquipmciil,andluxurioustrips

abroad.It'seasierinstores,restaurants,gasstations—almostanywhere—topaywitha

simplepieceofplasticratherthancarryingcash.Wethusloseallsenseofthevalueof

moneyandeasilyfallintodebt.Oncethishappensitmaycostusmorethanmoney.

Excessivedebtduetouncontrolledspendinghasledtothebreakupoffamilies,divorce,

andinsomecasesevensuicide.

6、InJapan,buyingthingsoncreditwasseenassomethingtobeavoidedby.

A^thosewhowereindebtorbankrupt

B、peoplewhowishedtosaveforretirement

C、youngpeoplewhoarevulnerabletothetemptationsofhavingacreditcard

D、theoldergenerationwhowerenotaccustomedtothebuy-now-pay-laterethic

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第一段第四、五句指出Buyinglhingson

credit...avoided...trueamongtheoldergenerationwhowerenotaccustomedtothe

buy-now-pay-laterethic.即在日本，人們避免用信用卡消費，特別是那些對先買

后付款消費理念還不適應(yīng)的老年人。由此可知，答案為D。

7、Thebadpartabouthavingacreditcardisthat.

A^therearenodiscounts

B、theinterestratesarehigherifthecardisnew

C、thosewhousecreditcardsareoftenregardedaspoor

D^uncontrolledspendingoftenleadstodebtandbankruptcy

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第三段講使用信用卡消費的壞處。根據(jù)Manypeople

wereunabletocontroltheircreditcardspending,andasaresult?theywentinto

debt.即很多人不能控制自己用信用卡消費，導(dǎo)致最后負(fù)債累累。故選D。

8、Themostimportantservicecreditcardcompaniesofferis.

easycredittoborrowers

B、discountsoncertainitems

C^lotteriesandcashprizes

D^caseinobtainingadditionalcards

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第二段指出Perhapsmostimportantly,though,easy

creditisoffcrcdtoborrowers.即最重要的是.宿用卡持有者很容易獲得貸款。故選

Ao

9、Whydoyoungpeoplewanttohaveacreditcard?

A、Becausetheirparentswantthemtohaveone.

B、Becausetheyoftencannotresistspendingonmanykindsofthings.

C、Becausetheyhavenocash.

D^Becausetheyhaveexcessivedebt.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文最后一段開頭指出Youngpeopleareespecially

vulnerabletothctemptationsofhavingacreditcard.Theyoftencannotresistspending

moneyon...clothes,high-techaudio…Irips…由此可知，答案為B。

10、Onewaytoavoiddebtandbankruptcyisto.

A、haveafewdifferentkindsofcreditcards

B、wincashprizesonlotteries

C>kicktheuncontrolledspendinghabits

D、useallthespecialbenefitsofferedbythecard

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識點解析：推斷題。短文最后一段主要講述不受控制的消費行為會使人負(fù)債、破

產(chǎn)。由此可知為了防止破產(chǎn)，人們必須改掉這種不受控制的消費習(xí)慣。故答案為

Co

Papermoneyisusedeverydaybutpeopledonotoftenthinkofmoneyasjustpaper.This

isbecausepeopleagreethatithasvalue,andpapermoneyissupportedbythe

government.Peoplehaveusedpapermoneyforonlyafewhundredyears,butwhatdid

peopledobeforeprintedmoneywasinvented?InMedievalEngland,astickwasthe

officialrepresentationofmoney.Thecommonsystemthatwasusedinvolvedcounting

debtonapieceofwoodcalleda"tallystick**.Thetallystickwasmarkedwithaknife.

Eachmark,ortally,indicatedanamountofmoney.Thetallystickactedasacontract.No

onereallyknowswhoinventedthetallystick,butKingHenryIofEnglandiscreditedas

thefirsttousethestickinawidespreadfashion.InEngland,thetallystickwasusedfrom

1100to1826.Marksweremadeonatallysticktorepresenttheamountofserviceor

goodsthatwereexchanged.Thetallystickwascutinhalflengthwiseintotwoparts,and

onestickwaslongerthantheother.Thepersongivingservicesorgoodsreceivedthe

longerendofthestick,calledthe"slock”,andthepersonpayingfortheserviceorgoods

receivedtheshorterend.Oncethestickwascut,itcouldnotbealtered.Whenput

together,thetwohalvesfitperfectlytogether.MedievalEnglandwasnottheonly

countrytousethetallysticksystem.In1960,BelgianscientistJeandeHeinzelinde

BraucourtdiscoveredanextremelyoldtallystickmadeofbaboonboneinAfrica.At

first,hedeterminedthesticktobebetweenabout8,000to10,000yearsold.This

surprisedmanypeoplebecauseitprovedthatthetallysticksystemhadbeeninusefor

muchlongerthaneveryonehadpreviouslythought.Furtherresearchhasshownthatthis

stickisactuallymucholder:now,scientistsbelieveitis20,000yearsold.Thetallystick

systemmaynolongerbeinusetoday,butitsinfluenceisstillapparent.Peoplestillmake

contractsandpeoplestillborrowandlendmoney.Peoplestilltrustthat"things"一

whethertheyaresticks,paper,orcoins-havevalue.Thenexttimepapermoneyisused,

justremember:itisonlypaper!

11、Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesmoneyvaluable?

A、Peoplewhouseit.

B>Goldthatpeoplefind.

C、Inventions.

D、Agreement.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第一段第二句指出Thisisbecausepeopleagreethatil

hasvalue…即經(jīng)過人們一致認(rèn)同，認(rèn)為Papennoney有價值。故選D。

12、Whowasresponsibleformakingthetallysticksystemsopopular?

A、HenryI.

Noonereallyknows.

C、Moneyborrowers.

D、JeandeHeinzelindeBraucourl.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。另據(jù)短文第三段第一句...KingHenryIofEnglandiscredited

asthefirsttousethestickinawidespreadfashion可知答案為A0

13、InEngland,thetallystickwasusefulfor.

A、decidingdebtandcredit

B、cuttinggoodsinhalf

C^discoveringtheoriginsofAfricantallysticks

D、designingtallysticksmadeofbaboonbone

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第三段主要講述tallystick在英國的具體使用情況，根

據(jù)Marksweremadeonatallysticktorepresenttheamountofserviceorgoodsthat

wereexchanged可判斷出選項A正確。

14、WhyweremanypeoplesurprisedaboutthetallystickinAfr沁a?

A、Thematerialitwasmadefromhadneverbeenseenbefore.

B、Itwasmucholderthanpreviouslythought.

C>Itwascutsidewaysinsteadoflengthwise.

D、MoneydidnotexistinAfricathen.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第四段第四句指出Thissurprisedmanypeoplebecause

itprovedthatthetallysticksystemhadbeeninuseformuchlongerthaneveryone

hadpreviouslythought.即人們很驚訝.因為tallystick系統(tǒng)的使用時間比人們預(yù)想

的要長得多。故選B。

15、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、EnglishtallystickshavemoremarksthanAfricanones.

Tallysticksareapracticaltoolinusetoday.

CsThecurrentrepresentationofmoneyisintheformofpaper.

D、Manymodelsformoneyhavebeencutshort.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。短文第一段就指出Papermoneyisusedeveryday,即現(xiàn)在的

流通貨幣是紙幣o故選預(yù)C正確。根據(jù)Thetallysticksystemmaynolongerbeinuse

today可知選項B錯誤；選項A、D在文中沒有提及，可排除，故選C。

AbbySubarkisamotheroftwokidsfromBoston."Formykids,I'mnervous.Idon't

knowifthey'llbeabletoachievetheirAmericandream."Shemayberight.Morethan

hardworkoreducation,thebestwaytogetrichinAmericaistobebornrich.Itisthe

casethatsomebodywhoisintheupperthirdofincome,withpoorscores,atthebottom

ontestswhentheyareineighthgrade,ismorelikelytogotocollegeandfinishcollege

thanapoorkidwiththetopscores.That'swhattheworkingperson'schildrenarcup

against.TheEconomicPolicyInstitutefindsitwouldtakeapoorcouplewith2children9

or10generationstoachievemiddleclassstatus.That'sabout200years.Thetypical

featureofAmericanopportunityhasalwaysbeentheabilitytodobetterthanyour

parents.Butcomparedwithsimilardevelopedcountries,theUnitedStatesranksfifthout

ofsixforso-calledintcrgencrationalmobility（變動）.Ifyoulookatthemechanisms（機(jī)

制）forupwardmobilitythatweresoreadilyavailable50yearsago,theyarebecoming

outofreach,likeplentifulfactoryjobswithgoodwagesandaffordableeducationand

healthcare.Whitefamiliesaretwiceaslikelyasblackstobeupwardlymobile.Formost

peopleinAmericatoday,whereyouendupdependsonwhereyoustart.Ifyoustartedin

themiddle-incomeclass,about40to45percentofwhatyouaremakingrightnowisdue

tothefactthatyourparentswereinthemiddle-incomeclass.Therestisuptoyou.But

forthemillionsofpeoplewhofindthemselvesbelowthepovertylineandthemillions

morewhoaretheworkingpoor,theirstartingpointfortheAmericandreamleavesthem

painfullyfarawayfromthemiddleclass.

16^WhyisAbbySubarknervous?

A、Herkidsdon'twanttocatchupwithotherkidsinachievements.

B、Herkidsdon'twanttoachievesuccessatall.

C、Herkidscanonlyachievesuccessthroughhardworkandeducation.

D、Herfamilyisnotrichenoughtohelpherkidsachievetheirgoals.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：推斷題。短文第一段指出AbbySubark很焦慮，因為她不知道自己的

孩子是否會實現(xiàn)美國夢。緊著短文又指出Shemayberighl.Morethanhardwork

oreducation,thebestwaytogetrichinAmericaistobebornrich.即相比起勤奮工作

和受教育程度，在美國成為有錢人做好的辦法是生在富裕家庭里。由此可知，

AbbySubark家不富裕，不能幫助孩子實現(xiàn)美國夢。故選D。

17、WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A>Peopleusedtohavemoreopportunitiesforupwardmobility.

B、AgreatmanypoorpeoplecanhardlyrealizetheirAmericandream.

C>YoucanmakeallyourdreamscometrueinAmericaifbornrich.

D、Richkidsarcmorelikelytogotocollegethanpoorkids.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)文章大意，出身富裕的孩子比出身貧窮的孩子更易實現(xiàn)

美國夢?？芍狢項描述過于絕對，與本文主旨相矛盾，故選C。

18、Thesentence"whereyouendupdependsonwhereyoustartM（Line2,Para.5）most

probablymeans.

A、yourstartingpointcannotdetermineyourdestination

B、onlyahighgoalcanensuresuccess

C、yourbirthhasnothingtodowithyourfate

D、yourfamilylayssolidfoundationforyourfutureachievement

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。聯(lián)系上下文，可知此句話意思是，一個人的出身基本決定了

他將來的發(fā)展。故選D。

19、Whatcanweinferfromthelastpassage?

A、Povertycausespeoplemuchpain.

B、Peoplebelowthepovertylinecanneverbeinthemiddleclass.

C、Lowerstartingpointmakesithardforpeopletorealizetheirdream.

D、Poorpeople'sstartingpointistoolow.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c-

知識點解析：推斷題。艱據(jù)短文最后一段中whofindthemselvesbelowthepoverty

lineand...workingpoor,theirstartingpointfortheAmericandreamleavesthem

painfullyfarawayfrom…即那些出身不好的人。他們實現(xiàn)美國夢的起跑點遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地落

在了中層階級人的后面。故答案選C。

20Thewriterofthepassageistryingtotellusthat.

A^howthemiddleclasscameaboutintheU.S.

B、it'shardforpoorAmericanstorealizetheirAmericandream

C、wealthandsocialstatushavelittletodowithfamilybackground

D、upwardmobilityinAmericaisnevereasy

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：主旨題。通讀全文可知，作者主要講述了美國的一個現(xiàn)實，即如果你

出身貧窮，那么你要付出比那些出身富裕的人多得多的努力去實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故

選B。

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Globalwarmingmayornotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,but

regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't—wewon'tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritand

mayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.But

themoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecominitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretnhe

observed.AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth",asifmerelyrecognizing

itcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughto

relieveglobalwarming,and——withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs——wecan'tdo

muchaboutit.From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4

billionto9.1billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremainthe

same,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higher

in2050.Butthat'stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneed

economicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresentpovertyandfreeze

everyoneclsc'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouse

emissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionson

economicgrowthandpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)

thatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey're"doing

something".ConsidertheKyotoProtocol(《京都議定書》).Itallowedcountriesthat

joinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedCQzemissions(upabout25%

since1990),andmanysignatories(簽署國)didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohit

their2008-2012targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotential

disaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchand

developmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsor

dealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoral

problemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedont

solvetheengineeringproblem,we'rehelpless.

1、Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?

A、Itmaynotbeanenvironmentalcrisisatall.

B、Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.

C、Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.

D、Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。由定位句可知，全球變暖可能是，也可能不是21tt紀(jì)

大的環(huán)境危機(jī)，但是無論結(jié)果如何，我們對此做得都不多。因此，正確答案為D。

2^Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisAlGore'sviewonglobalwarming?

A、Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansarcunawareof.

B、Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.

C、Itisaproblemthatesnbesolvedonceitisrecognized.

D、Itisanareawcactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。由定位句可知，阿爾?戈爾稱全球變暖是一個“難以忽視

的真相”，好像僅僅認(rèn)識到這一點，我們就能找到解決問題的途徑一樣。選項C與

此意相符，故為答案。

What'sthereasonthatgreenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050?

A、Economicgrowth.

B、Wastefuluseofenergy.

C^Thewideninggapbetweentherichandthepoor.

D、Therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。由定位句可知，除非我們強迫世上的窮人維持貧困現(xiàn)

狀，限制其他人生活水平的提高，否則我們就需要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。按照一個小幅的增長

來計算，能源消耗和溫室氣體排放量到2050年將是現(xiàn)在的兩倍多。由此可知經(jīng)濟(jì)

增長是原因，故正確答案為A。

4、Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,.

A、politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation

B、fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse

C>reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming

D、internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：細(xì)口辨認(rèn)題。由定位句可知，《京都議定書》允許締約國處罰非締約

國，但是它并沒有使二氧化碳的排放量減少（自1990年起增長了約25%）,而且

許多簽署國也沒有采取強有力的措施來實現(xiàn)其2008年至2012年的目標(biāo)，故正確答

案為Bo

5、Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?

A、Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.

B、Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.

C、Thedebateoverglobalwanningwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.

D、Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：主旨大意題。作者首先提出問題：面對全球變暖，我們將無能為力；

接著談到認(rèn)識到這一問題并不代表能找到解決方案：然后提出論點：沒有重大的技

術(shù)突破，我們?nèi)詫o能為力。作者最后重申論點：theonlysolutionisnew

technologyoB是對作者觀點的高度概括，故為答案。

Telecommutersfallintotwocamps.Somesitonthesofawatchingdaytimesoaps,

pausingoccasionallytochecktheircellphones.Most,however,dorealwork,

undistractedbymeetingsandtalkativecolleagues.Inthefuturemorepeoplewillwork

fromhome.WithofficespaceinLondonandNewYorksocostly,manyfirmssave

moneybyencouragingstafftoworkintheirpyjamas.Insteadofhavingtoburytheir

nosesinstrangers*armpitsoncrowdedtrains,theycanworkviae-mail,Skypeandvirtual

privatenetworks.Yet,inresearchpublishedinMITSloanManagementReview,Daniel

CableoftheLondonBusinessSchoolshowsthattelecommutersarelesslikelytobe

promoted.Inoneexperiment,subjectswereaskedtojudgescenarios（場景）inwhichthe

onlydifferencewaswhethertheemployeewasathisofficedeskorfromhome.

Managersratedthoseattheofficetobemoredependableandindustrious,regardlessof

thequalityoftheirwork.Visibilitycreatestheillusionofvalue.Beingthelasttoleave

theofficeimpressesbosses,evenifyouareactuallylarkingaround（胡I制）onFacebook.

Oddly,thisholdstrueatfirmsihalexplicitlyencouragestafftoworkfromhome.Many

Californiantechfirmsaskedemployeesnottocometotheofficetoooften;yetbosses

unconsciouslypenalisedthosewhoobeyed.Remoteworkersunderstandthis.Many

frequentlysenttheirbossesprogressreportstoprovetheyarconthejob.Afifthofthe

workersinthestudyadmittedtoleavingane-mailorvoicemailearlyorlateintheday.

Still,manyarenotassmartastheythink.SomechooseaMondayorFridaytoworkat

home.That,saysMr.Cable,makesothersthinktheyarekeentoextendtheweekend.A

cultureofpresenteeism（全勤主義）hurtsworkingmothersmost.Manywomen（and

somemen）workfromhometoallowthemselvestheflexibilitytopickupkidsfrom

school.Thatneednotmeantheyproduceless;onlythattheydoitatatimeandaplaceof

theirownchoosing.Somefirms,suchasBestBuy,anelectronicsretailer,recognisethis

andtryhardtoevaluatestaffsolelyonperformance.Butthisisnoteasy.Intangiblessuch

asteamworkingskillsmatter,too.Mr.Cablethinkshomeworkingwillloseitsstigma（恥

辱）onlywhenmostpeopledoit.Orperhapswhenthebossistelecommuting,too.

6^Whatismostlikelythemaincauseoftheincreasingnumberoftelecommuters?

A、Attractivedaytimesoaps.

B、Annoyingtalkativecolleagues.

C、High-techmobilephones.

D、Increasinglocationrents.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。由定位句可知，由于倫敦和紐約的寫字樓租金非常昂

貴，很多公司通過鼓勵員工在家辦公來節(jié)省資金。由此可知，D是遠(yuǎn)程工作者人數(shù)

增加的主要原因，故為正確答案。

7、Whydotelecommutersprobablygetfeweropportunitiesforpromotion?

A、Theirqualityofworkisworse.

B、Theyareinefficientattheirwork.

C、Theyaremisjudgedbythebosses.

D^Theyspendlesstimeworking.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。由定位句可知，遠(yuǎn)程辦公的員工升職的可能性會更小，

因為無論工作質(zhì)量怎么樣，管理者都會認(rèn)為那些在辦公室里面工作的員工更加勤奮

可靠。由此推知，C與之符合，故為正確答案。

8、WhatdoestheexampleofmanyCalifornianlechfirmsprove?

A、Workingathomeisimpracticalintechfirms.

B、Bossesoftendon'tkeeptheirpromises.

C>Employeesshouldjudgewhentoobey.

D、Employees'presenceatofficeraisestheirvalue.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題。由定位旬可知，看見員工工作給人一種這是一個好員工

的假象。舉出加利福尼亞州的科技公司這一例子也是為了證明這一觀點，由此可知

D與之符合，故為正確答案。

9、Whatdowisetelecommutersdotoprovethattheyareonthejob?

A、Theygivetimelyaccountsoftheirworkprogresstotheirbosses.

B、Theychecktheire-mailsandvoicemailseveryday.

C、Theydiscusstheworkwiththeirbosses.

D、Theyspendsometimeworkingonweekends.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。定位句提到，很多人頻繁地向老板發(fā)送進(jìn)度報告來證明他

們正在工作。由此可知，A為正確答案。

10、Whatisthebiggestdisadvantageofworkingfromhomeaccordingtothelast

paragraph?

A、Thetraditionalworkingculturecanbehurt.

B、Mothers'workmaybedisruptedbytheirkids.

C>Retailerscan'tgetenoughon-siteemployees.

D、Employeesmaylackchancestodevelopcertainskills.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D-

知識點解析：推理判斷題。定位句指出，一些無形的東西也很重要，比如團(tuán)隊合作

能力。由此可以推斷出D與文意相符，故為正確答案。

ImmigrationisregardedbythepublicasthebiggestissuefacingBritishsociety,amajor

newsurveytakingstockofthestateofthecountryreveals.Oneinthreepeoplebelieves

tensionbetweenimmigrantsandpeoplebornintheUKisthemajorcauseofdivision,

whilewelloverhalfregarditasoneofthetopthreecauses.Overthepasttwodecades,

bothimmigrationandemigrationhaveincreasedtohistoricallyhighlevels,withthose

enteringthecountryexceedingthoseleavingbymorethan100,000ineveryyearsince

1998.YetthesurveyinareportbythethinktankBritishFuturealsosuggeststhecountry

is,atheart,