考研英語與英語四六級：詞根詞綴和高頻相近詞匯分類

詞源學背單詞:詞根詞綴=偏旁部首

前綴改變詞義，后綴改變詞性.

l)“a+輔音”表強調(diào)，相當于去(to)注：除aelou五個元音外都是輔音字母。如：

appoint/accompany/adapt..to…使適應(yīng)/使適合/adjust…to...調(diào)整以適應(yīng)…just(剛好的/

公正的/正義的)/justice公正正義法官adopt采用采納/收養(yǎng)領(lǐng)養(yǎng)(opt選擇選項/option

選擇optional可選擇的)

2)元音字母之間可以替換，單詞意思不變。注：近親字母，可以相互替換。。=em二nv二w

如：renovate更新革新

begin-began-begun

3)形容詞+ly1.表副詞：…地2.表形容詞friendly友好的

4)ness/-ity/sion/age表抽象名詞"…性"如:kindness/humanity/personality

5)dis-/un-/il-/ir-/non=none/im=in/off=ab表否定〃不〃

$n：Dislike/unlike/unknown/impossible/impolite/immortal/incorrect/independent/nonverbal

/illegal/illogical/

irregular/irresponsible/nonsense/non-smoker/

inappropriate不適合的/Nonconformist特立獨行者/abnormal不正常的/abuse濫用

/abandon放棄/incompetently不能勝任的competence競爭力

6)mis-表〃錯誤〃如:mistake/mislead/misunderstand

7)de-=bad表〃不好”如:defend防守de也表示強調(diào)

devote致力于devotetodoing

8)fend=fence表〃保衛(wèi)”如：defend防守/offend進攻

9)im=in表“向內(nèi)的/往內(nèi)“ex=e=out=mit表“往外”

10)-mit表“發(fā)射”如：transmit發(fā)射/emit發(fā)射

如：import進口/export出口/exit出口/ex-wife前妻

ll)Emerge浮現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)/submerge下沉/emigrate往外遷/immigrate往內(nèi)遷移/migrate(遷移

/移民)

12)port表港口如airport機場/passport護照/transport運輸

13)dis-/away/divide/di/off表分開/遠離

如:dividend分紅stock庫存;股票;股份二share分享;股份

stockholder=shareholder股東

14)com=co=con=col=cor=together,,^[B]一起”

$n：cooperate=collaboration/coleague/cowarkers

15)inter-〃相互之間〃

^ri:internet/international/interactivity/interaction

16)Sup=sub/under?表〃在…之下/少/沒有”

sur=over表”在…之上侈/超過”

如I：subtitle副標題/suburban郊區(qū)的/subconscious下意識的/subway=underway地鐵

overrate=overestimate高估/surpass超過/surface表面/surplus盈余的/surrealism超現(xiàn)實

主義如：underrate=underestimate低估/underprivileged貧窮的/underlie構(gòu)成.基礎(chǔ)，位于

之下/underlying潛在的，

17)full=ful,表“充滿.?.的”less表“少/沒有”

如：useful/carefuluseless/careless

18)pre/pro/fore表在之前/往前

post-/back/re表在之后/往回

如：prewar戰(zhàn)前/postwar戰(zhàn)后/progress進步//prolong延長/production生產(chǎn)/forehead前

額/foreword前言/foresee預見foretell語言/forecast預測;預報二predict/reduce減少/

preview預習/return回報/review復習

Re=again再次reform改革/retell復述

View看preview預習;預覽review復習;回顧;評論interview面試深訪;接見

19cess=gress=ceed走progress進步/regress退步/egress出口

/congress=recede=recession國會/走在——起/aggressive進取的；好斗的/egress出口

/access通道/process工序過程加工處理/excess過多過分/excessive過多的/concession讓

步妥協(xié)=compromise〃predecessor前輩/exceed超過=surpass/proceed繼續(xù)進行

/exceedinglv=very二extremely非常，極其+important表非常重要，閃光詞

20)表“小的/極小的"Micro-/mini■如:Microsoft

21)表“使…”en/ate/lize/lise/ize/ise/ify表“…化”zation

如：enforce/graduate/realize/publicize/popularize/

如：light輕的/光，亮/lighten使變亮/widen使變寬/lessen減少/weaken削弱/strength

加強enlighten使點亮/啟發(fā)/encourage鼓勵enablesbtodosth有能力做/enlarge擴大

/enrich富有/entitle命名，賦予---權(quán)利entitlesbtodosth/

entitlementandduty權(quán)利與義務(wù)

Unify使聯(lián)合/simplify簡化/beautify美化/classify使分類使分級//eliminate排除，淘汰

/eradicalate使根除/

industrialization/internationalization/globalization

22)uni—聯(lián)合，統(tǒng)一unite聯(lián)合，統(tǒng)一/communication溝通，通訊uniform統(tǒng)一的，一

致的uniformity一致性

23）表“穿越/跨越"trans?=across如：transport運輸/transform變形/transplant移植

/translate翻譯/transmit發(fā)射

24）表“人/物”-or/er如:doctor/cooker/weatherbadtimes度過難關(guān)表”...人/..?主義者”

-ist表”…主義”?ism

如I：environmentalist環(huán)保主義者/linguist語言學家/socialism社會主義/socialist社會主義

者/capitalist資本家/postmodernism后現(xiàn)代主義者

25）表“天/天體”astro-

26）表“博士"Dr.=doctor如：Dr.chen陳博士

27）表“自動"auto-auto（汽車n）automobile汽車

Theautoindustry汽車工業(yè)

28）表“一直"ever-如:ever?increasing一直增長

Ever-changing一直變化

29）表“每一個/引申義完全/徹底”per-

如：person/perturb/disturb/perfect

turb擾動turbulent動蕩的/騷動的/disturb擾亂打擾/perturb全擾亂了

30）表“做"fect=fact=do

如：affect影響；打動/affection愛情；affectionate含情脈脈的/effect影響/infect感染；

傳染/effective有效果的takeeffectivemeasuretodosth

32）表手工的/人工的manual?/manu如manufacture制造

33）表“姿勢/擺放"pose=put

如：compose構(gòu)成組成/expose暴露/impose強加/施加

34）表“壓"press表“濃密的"dense

如：compress壓縮二condense壓縮；濃縮/Density濃密/密度/impress印象/depress壓

抑/蕭條/express表達/快的/快遞confess傾訴,懺悔/expression表情

35）表“堅固的/穩(wěn)固的/確定的"firm=form

Confirm確定；確認/affirm確定/conform一致；遵從/infirm二weakness虛弱的theoldand

infirm老弱

36）表"弓|"duce=duct=lead如：introduce弓|進；弓|入introduction弓|進n/reduce減少

/reduction減少n/induce引入seduce色誘引誘/conduct引導/misconduct誤導

37）表半semi-表行為-deed如semiconductor半導體

38）states狀態(tài),陳述

39）super超級superman超人/superwoman女強人

40）anti—反/抗antibody抗體/antihuman反人類

41)anti—war抗戰(zhàn)/反戰(zhàn)

42)multi一多multiple多樣的multi------national多媒體/multitudesof=lotsof大量的

Mono單一monologue獨白自言自語

Triple三倍

43)ible=able=uble值得的/能…

變成名詞只需把able=ability

如lovable可愛的respectable可敬的/predictable可預測的/sustain維持/持續(xù)sustainable

可持續(xù)的/sustainability可持續(xù)性/sustainabledevelopment可持續(xù)發(fā)展

Solve解決/溶解如：dissolve溶解/解散soluble可溶解的；可解決的solution解決方案

/溶解/resolve解決/下決心決定巨閃光resolvetheproblemofenvironmentpollution

44)fess說=dict?

profess宣布;公布professor教授/predict預測

45)lect選擇select選擇elect選舉collect收集collective收集的/集體的collectivism集

體主義

46)bat=beat擊/打combat格斗戰(zhàn)斗

47)fuse二flow流如：confused困惑的diffuse擴散;傳播/

refuse拒絕二reject

48)plex=plic=ply折/折疊duplicate復制J的，imply暗示

comply遵從

49)rect正確rectify糾正erect豎直

50)ceive=cept接受，得至Ureceive接收reception/accept/conceive/deceive欺騙perceive

理解，領(lǐng)悟except除了/exception例外

51)pect看expect期望respect尊敬，方面

inthisrespect=aspect方面inspect檢查prospect展望前途

perspective觀點看法視角frommyperspective在我看來

52)load"載"download超載

53)appearv出現(xiàn)appearance出現(xiàn)n叩parent顯而易見的巨閃詞=obvious明顯的

54)tribe部落tribute進貢上貢，歌功頌德contribute貢獻/distribute分發(fā)/分銷銷售/

分布distribution名三意attribute歸功于；歸因于=owe..?to

55)fer?拿perfer優(yōu)先考慮transfer轉(zhuǎn)移/轉(zhuǎn)學/轉(zhuǎn)機

infer推斷fertile肥沃的/能生的/能繁殖的

56)ject?扔Ob=op=aganist反對

eject噴射project工程項目/投擲/projector投影儀/inject注射object物體目標n反對

v=oppose反對objective客觀的/目標/subjective主觀的subject學科科目=discipline閃光

詞subjecJto…使…遭罪/遭受（填空題）

57）tele=far遠的vis=see

telegraph電報telescope望遠鏡television電視

microscope顯微鏡vision圖像遠見teleconference遠程會議/telecom電信

高頻相近詞匯匯總：

贊賞/感激：

appreciate/gratitude/celebrate/praise/applaud

至關(guān)重要的/最主要的：essential/major/crucial/foremost

/vital/supreme/Leading/largely/primary/cardinal/chief

/main/mostly/capital/imperative/principal

初等的/基本的：primary/primitive/ultimate/elementary

Fundamental/original/preliminary

適當/合適的：apt/appropriate/proper/ly/due/just/fitting

接近/靠近：approach/joining/approximate

評估：estimate/rate/appraisal/assess/evaluate

evaluation/oblige/grade

增強/加強/增加/加?。篴mpIify/expend/sweIl/increase/

augment/addingto/intensity/assent/heighten/

consolidate/enhance/enlarge/reinforce/aggravate/burden/

減輕/減少/下降：decrease/lessen/decline

shrink/deflate/diminshing/reduction/reduce

替換/變化：shift/convert/alternate/alter/displace/avert

Transform/switch/substitute改變/變化：change/shift（替換）/modify/endeavor（轉(zhuǎn)變）

/fickle

分離/分開：apart/split/separate/detach/disconnect

可能性:likelihood/probability/possibility/potentiality

斷言/宣稱/宣告：allege/assert/affirm/proclaim/acclaim/

Exclaim/declare

黏附/堅持

adhere/stick/abide/clingto/insiston/Coherent/persist

取得/獲得：acquire/obtain/gain/attain/

knockoff/secure/accessible/availability

讓步/承認：acknowledge+ment/admit/acceptance

Concede/giveinto/concession/confess/retreat（撤退）

習慣于：accustom/usedtodo

控告/譴責/申訴：accuse/scold/complain（申訴）

Condemn/damn/indict/sue/deplore/denounce

準確度：accuracy/precise/exact/validty（正確性）

堆積/積累：accumulate/lump/disorganized（雜舌L）

一致/符合：accord/accordance/complies+with

coincidence/consistent/uniformly/consensus/

inkeepingwith/correspond/atoddswith（不一致）

完成/實現(xiàn)：accomplish/realize/fulfill/complete

加速/促進：accelerate/speed/boost

廢除/取消：abolish/annul/destroy/cancel/crossout

停止/禁止：ban/cease/forbid/prohibit/quit/stem/terminate

調(diào)整/校正/修正：adjust/amend/emend/rainforce/

revise/modity（修改/改進）

絕對/完全的：absolute/thoroughly（徹底地）/Fromthe/bottomup

確保/保證：assurance/assure/certify/conviction（確信）

/ensure/guarantee/testify/verify/ascertain/confirm

論證/證明：exemplify/illustrate/certify/qualify/cite/

clarify/demonstrate/instance

必然的：inevitable/certainty/unavoidable/necessarily

假設(shè)/彳段定：assume/assumption/presumption/deem（認為）

領(lǐng)先/超過：precede/surpass/overtake/excess/

exceed/priority/excel

妨礙/阻止：preclude/bar/hinder/hamper/intemipt/

interfere/irhibit/handicap/obstacle/prevent

壓迫/限制：oppress/suppress/enforce/overwhelm

Constrain/constraint/confine/restrain/boycotting/

Compulsory/mandatory/belimitedto（受制于）

抵抗的/抵制的：resistent/boycott/fIightagainst

培養(yǎng)/收養(yǎng)：

foster/adopt/cultivate/nurture/breed/raise//rear

贊成/批準/通過：approve/approval/consent/incline

/subscribe/Rrant/permission/sympathv+with/goalona

產(chǎn)生/弓I起：arise/arouse/bebornof/incurred/bringabout/setoff/originate+form/in

/seduce/induce/sparkoff/steer（弓I導）

吸引/引誘/背叛/揭露：attract/lure/seduce/tempt/泄露：

disclose/uncover/surface/leakage/capture/i&?：compel/oblige

聯(lián)系/聯(lián)合：associate/combine/tie/connection/link/contact

奉獻：penny/devote/dedicated/contribute

受影響/受傷害：vulnerable/susceptible

激發(fā)/激勵：activate/motivate/stimulate/spur/provoke

Radical（激進的）

杰出的/顯著的：prominent/eminent/distinction/briuiant

/markedly/striking/remarkable/notable/noted/excellent

流行：prevalent/tide（潮流）/epidemic/stylish

曲解/誤解：misinterpreted/mislead/misunderstand/twist

低于：inferiorto/subordinateto

優(yōu)于/在,,,之前：priorto/superior/outweigh（高于）priority

欺騙：deceive/cheat/deceptive/fraud/ckery

兼并/合并：consolidate/concentrate/merger/combination

收購：acquire/acquisition

壟斷：monopoly/dominance/besubjectto（受…支配）/curb（控制）/strip（剝奪/強行

控制）hijack（劫持）

特權(quán)/所有權(quán)：privilege/possession/ownership

任意的/專斷的：arbitrary/exclusive/deliberate

結(jié)盟：alliance/ally

合作：cooperation/teamwork/collaboration/collaborate

勞動力：laborforce/workforce

金融的：monetary/financial

資金/資本:capital/fund/cash

獎金/津貼：premium/allowance/subsidy

直率的/率直的：blunt/straightup/bluff/explicit

迅速發(fā)展/增長/繁榮：boom/flourish/prosperity/escalate

/thriving/thrive/booming

預算/估算：budget/calculate/compute/estimate

更新：renew/renovate

速度：speed/rate

消失/消散：vanish/fade

潛在的：potential/underlying

威脅/危險：threaten/risk/threat

開除/解雇:dismiss/expel/layoff/depart（辭職）

小心/認真/謹慎：caution/discreet/prudent/rigorous

/earnestness/deliberately

戰(zhàn)斗/沖突：conflict/combat/contend/cope/militant（好戰(zhàn)的）/rival

預見/預知：foresee/forecast

偏見：prejudice/biased

無效的/無用的：fruitless/futile

不幸/災(zāi)難：misery/misfortune

義務(wù)/責任：liability/obligation/compulsory

遵從/遵守/符合/順應(yīng)：conform/obey/yield

/subjectto/abideby/liveby/complywith/adhereto反駁/反對contradict/deny/contrary

相反的

/resist/repel/resist/refutation

不變的/固有的：constant/durable/endure/perpetual/

permanent/eternal/implicit/inherent/mechanical

消費/消耗：consume/expense/expend

對應(yīng)的人或物：counterpart/equivalent/peer/parallel

蔑視/輕視：despise/disdaim/scorn/contempt

真實的/可靠的：credible/authentic/actual/genuine

/substantial/reliable/solid/secure

人造的/假的/仿制品:artificial/fake/imitation/synthetic

輔助的：auxiliary/complementary

/complement/supplementary

利用/利益：avail/beneficial/takeadvantageof/makeuseof

平均的/普遍的/一般的：average/ordinary/commonplace

/prevalent/universal/widespread

過量的/過多的：excess/excessive/superfluous/spare

strain（過度使用）/surplus/

極端的/極度的：utmost/extreme/excessively

致命的/毀滅性的：fatal/ruins（崩潰/廢墟）/corrupt（使敗壞）/decay（使腐敗）

聲名狼藉的：notorious/infamous/disr