專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷39（共565題）

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷39（共9套）

（共565題）

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷第1套

一、聽(tīng)力復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共

70分。）

HowtoPresentaSeminarPaperUniversitystudentsoftenattendmanyseminarsfor

varioussubjects,thereforeitisusefulforthemtoknowhowtopresentaseminarpaper.

I.[1]Stage[1].1.research2.writeup[2][2].II.

PresentationStage-PresentthePaperto[3][3].1.circulatecopiesofthe

paper[4]toalltheparticipants[4].2.readaloudtothegroup1)introduce

yourpaper2reasons:-theparticipantsmayhavereadthepaperbutforgottensomeof

[5][5].—someparticipantsmaynothavetimetoreadthepaper2)not

simplyreadthe[6]aloud[6].3reasons:—ifthepaperislong,theremaynot

beenoughtime[7][7].-theremaybelackofcomprehensionor

understanding,whenlistening—itcanbevery[8]listeningtosomethingbeingread

aloud[8].3)followthe7pointsofintroducingyourpaper-decideon[9]

foryourtalk[9].-writeoutyourspokenpresentation-concentrateonthe

mainpoints—makeyourspokenpresentation[10][10].—reducewhatyour

aregoingtosaytooutlinenotes-lookatyouraudiencewhileyourarespeaking-make

astrongending

1、(Il

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Preparation

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：暫無(wú)解析

2、[2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:atopic

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

3、【3】

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：YourAudience/theParticipants

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

4、[4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：inadvance/beforehand

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

5、[5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：themainpoints

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

6、[6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：wholepaper

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

7、[7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：fordiscussion

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

8、[8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：boring

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

9、[91

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:atimelimit

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

10、[10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：livelyandinteresting

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

二、聽(tīng)力對(duì)話組題（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共5

分。）

11、Accordingtothenews,mostpoorpeoplecannotdoallofthefollowingEXCEPT

A、growingenoughfood.

feedingtheirfamilies.

C、buyingenoughnecessities.

D、feedingtheirfowl.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

12、Thereasonforthe800millionpeoplegoingtobedhungryisthat.

A、thereisnoenoughfoodforeveryone.

B>theyhavenoaccesstogroworbuyfood.

C>theyarelazyanddon'twanttogrowfood.

D^theyareusedtoreceivingothers'aid.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

13、WhichofthefollowingisNOTataskofWFPasahumanitarianrelieforganization?

A、Communicatewithdonors.

Assessthebeneficiaries,needs.

C、Getfoodtotherightpeople.

D、Contactregionalauthorities.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

14>AccordingtoMs.Bertini,inthemissiontoendhunger,womenplay.

A^adecisiverole.

B、aminorrole.

C、animportantrole.

D、noroleatall.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

15、Thegreatestchallengeindeliveringfoodtopeoplewhoneeditisto.

A、raisetheresourcesanddeliveringfoodtopoorpeople.

B>convincepeopletocontributemorefoodandmoney.

C^helppeopleimproveiheirwell-beingoverthelongterm.

D^devotemoreenergytothosewhoarestillmostatrisk.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露斤：暫無(wú)解析

三、聽(tīng)力新聞（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。）

16^Whatcausedthetradedeficit?

A、Anincreaseinexportofoil.

B、Anincreaseinimportofoilandothergoods.

C>Anincreaseinexportofgrain.

DsAnincreaseinimportofgrain.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

17、Whywerepeopleshockedatthefigures?

A、BecausethedeficitforthepreviousJunewasmuchhigher.

B>Becausetheyhadexpectedthefigureswouldseemfarbetter.

C、Becausethefigureshavebeencompiledundertheoldsystem.

D、BothAand

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

18>Thecorrespondentalsosaidthat

A、ithadsomethingtodowiththepressurewithintheAmericanCongress.

itwouldcurbthepressurewithintheAmericanCongressformoreprotectionist

legislation.

C>itwouldinfluencetheprotectionistlegislationdesignedtokeepforeigngoodsout.

D、itwouldnotcontrolthepressurewithintheAmericanCongressformore

protectionistlegislationdesignedtokeepforeigngoodsout.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」「「

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

19、WhowastakenhostageinoneofBraziPsmostdangerousjails?

A、Theprisoners'relatives.

B>Theprisoners,friends.

C、Theofficialsofthejail.

D、Theguardsofthejail.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

20>Accordingtothenews,theincidenthappenedmainlybecauseof.

A、themaltreatmentoftheinmates.

B、thepoorlivingconditions.

C>thetransferofagangleader.

D、thesentenceofamurderer.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

四、常規(guī)閱讀理解（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共20

分。）

Scienceisacumulativebodyofknowledgeaboutthenaturalworld,obtainedbythe

applicationofaparticularmethodpractisedbythescientist.Thewordscienceitselfis

derivedfromtheLatinscire,whichmeanstoknow,tohaveknowledgeoforto

experience.Technologyisthefruitofappliedscience,itistheconcreteexpressionof

researchdoneinthelaboratoryandappliedtomanufacturingcommoditiestomeethuman

needs.Thewordscientistwasintroducedonlyin1840byWilliamWhewell,Professorof

MoralPhilosophyaltheUniversityofCambridge.InhisPhilosophyoftheInductive

Sciences,hewrote:"Weneedanametodescribeacultivatorofscienceingeneral.I

shouldbeinclinedtocallhimascientist."The"cultivatorsofscience"before1840were

knownas"naturalphilosophers'1.Thefoundersofthe300-year-oldRoyalSocietywere

typical"naturalphilosophers".Theywerecurious,ofteneccentricpersonswhopoked

inquiringfingersatnature.Intheprocessofdoingsotheystatedatechniqueofinquiry

weknowtodayasthe"scientificmethod".Briefly,thesearethestepsinthemethod.First

comesthethoughtthatsparksofftheinquiry.(For.example,in1896,thephysicistHenri

Becquerel,incommunicationstotheFrenchAcademyofSciences,statedthathefound

thaturaniumsaltsemittedraysofunknownnature.HisdiscoveryexcitedMarieCurie.

AlongwithherhusbandPierre,shewantedtoknowmoreaboutthisradiation.Whatwas

itexactly,andwherediditcomefrom?)Secondcomesthecollectingoffacts:the

techniquesofdoingthiswilldifferaccordingtotheproblemtobesolved.Howeveritis

basedonexperimentsinwhichonemayuseanythingfromatesttubetoanearthsatellite

togatheressentialdata.(IfyoudonotknowthedifficultieswhichtheCuriesencountered

togathertheirfacts,astheyinvestigatedthemysteriousuraniumrays,Iadviseyouto

readtheremarkablestoryinthebookMadameCuriebyherdaughterEve.)Thisleadsto

stepthree:organisingthefactsandstudyingtherelationshipsthatemerge.(Theserays

weredifferentfromanythingknown.Howcanthisbeexplained?Didthisradiationcome

fromtheatomitself?Itmightwellbethatothermaterialsalsoemitradiation.Madame

Curieinvestigatedandfoundthiswasso.Sheinventedthewordradioactivityforthis

phenomenon.Shefollowedthiswithfurtherexperimentalworkononly"active"

radioelements.)Stepfouristhestatementofahypothesisortheory:thatis,framinga

generaltruththathasemergedandthatmaybemodifiedasnewfactsemerge.(InJuly

1898,theCuriesannouncedtheprobablepresenceinpitchblendeoresofanewelement

endowedwithpowerfulradioactivity.Thiswasthebeginningofthediscoveryof

radium.)Thenfollowstheclearerstatementofthetheory.(InDecember1898,theCuries

reportedtotheAcademyofSciences:"Thevariousreasonswehaveenumeratedleadus

tobelievethatthenewradioactivesubstancecontainsanewelementtowhichwe

proposetogivethenameofRadium.Thenewradioactivesubstancecertainlycontainsa

verystrongproportionofbariumsinspiteofthatitsradioactivityisconsiderable.The

radioactivityofradiumthereforemustbeenormous.")Andthefinalstepisthepractical

testofthetheory—thepredictionofnewfacts.Thisisessentialbecausefromthisflows

thepossibilityofcontrolbymanoftheforcesofnaturethatarenewlyrevealed.Note

howMarieCurieuseddeductivereasoninginordertopushon."Thiskindofdetective

workisbasictothemethodologyofscience.Further,shewasconcernedwithprobability

andnotcertainty-inherinvestigations.Also,althoughtheCuriesweredoingthebasic

researchworkatgreatexpensetothemselvesinhardphysicaltoil,theyknewthatthey

werepartofaninternationalgroupofpeopleallconcernedwiththeirsearchfortruth.

Theirreportswerepublishedandimmediatelyexaminedbyscientistsallovertheworld.

Anyflawsintheirargument,wouldbepointedouttothemimmediately.

21Itisimpliedratherthanclearlystatedinthefirstparagraphthat.

A^scienceisconcernedaboutthenaturalworld

B、technologyis(heresultofappliedscience

C>ascientistisacultivatorofscience

D^thescientificmethodisindispensableinthepursuitofscience

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:A對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第一句：Scienceisacumulativebodyofknowledgeabout

thenaturalworld.B對(duì)應(yīng)該段第三句:Technologyisthefruitofappliedscience.C

對(duì)應(yīng):Weneedanametodescribeacultivatorofscienceingeneral.Ishouldbeinclined

tocallhimascientist.兩句。最后兩句暗示在追求科學(xué)的過(guò)程中，科學(xué)探索是不可

缺少的。

22>Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantinthestepsinthescientificmethod?

A、Collectingandorganisingthefacts.

Statingahypothesis.

C、restingthehypothesis,

D、Publishingthetheory.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第七段談到進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究的最后一個(gè)步驟是通過(guò)實(shí)踐來(lái)檢驗(yàn)理論，而

且這個(gè)步驟是最重要的(Thisisessential),因此應(yīng)選C。

23WhichofthefollowingquestionsmighttheCuriesNOTaskintheirinvestigations?

A^Whatwasradiationexactly?

B、Whatmaterialsmighthaveradioactivity?

C、Howcouldmanavoidpowerfulradioactivity?

D、Howstrongistheradioactivityofradium?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)謁析：此題可用排除法。在文章第二、第四、第六段Curies夫婦分別提到

A、B、D中的問(wèn)題，唯獨(dú)沒(méi)有提出人類如何避開(kāi)強(qiáng)大的放射現(xiàn)象，因此選C。

24、WhathappenedinscientificcirclesaftertheCurieshadcompletedthefinalstep?

A^Scientistsuseddeductivereasoningtotesttheirinvestigations,

B、Scientistswereconcernedwithprobabilityintheirinvestigations.

C、Scientistsreadtheirreportsandexaminedtheirinvestigations.

D^Scientistswerecriticaloftheirinvestigations.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)析：倒數(shù)第二段談到進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究的最后一個(gè)步驟是檢驗(yàn)理論。文章倒數(shù)

第二句又談到Curies夫婦發(fā)表報(bào)告后，其報(bào)告立即被全世界的科舉家檢驗(yàn)，慶此

應(yīng)選C。

Forhundredsofyears,farmershaveselectedandbredplantsandanimalstofavour,or

bringout,characteristicstheydesired..Forexample,cowsthatproducedlargeamountsof

milkwereselected(orbreeding,whilepoormilkproducerswerenotallowedto

reproduce.Similarly,horseswerebredforspeedandstrength.Thosehavingthesedesired

characteristicswereselectedforbreeding.Overtime,thesepreferredbreedsbecame

morecommonthanearlier,lessdesiredtypes.Thisselectivebreedingiscalledartificial

selection.Thetheoryofevolutionbynaturalselectionwasputforwardinajoint

presentationoftheviewsofCharlesDarwinandAlfredRussellWallacebeforethe

LinnaeanSocietyofLondonin1858.DarwinandWallacewerenotthefirsttosuggest

thatevolutionoccurred,buttheirnamesarelinkedwiththeideaofevolutionbecause

theyproposedthetheoryofnaturalselectionasthemechanismbyWhichevolution

occurs.Wearealwaysmorelikelytobelieveinaprocesswhenpeopleexplainhowit

happensthaniftheymerelyassertthatitdoes.Thetheoryofevolutionbymeansof

naturalselectionisbasedonthreeobservations.First,aswecanseebycomparingonecat

orhumanbeingwithanother,themembersofaspeciesdifferfromoneanother;thatis,

thereisvariationamongindividualsofthesamespecies.Second,someofthedifferences

betweenindividualsareinherited.(Otherdifferencesarenotinherited,butarecausedby

differentenvironments.Forinstance,twoplantswithidenticalgenesmaygrowto

differentsizesifoneofthemisplantedinpoorsoil.)Third,moreorganismsarcbornthan

livetogrowupandreproduce:manyorganismsdieasembryosorseeds,assaplings,

nestlings,orlarvae.Thelogicalconclusionfromthesethreeobservationsisthatcertain

geneticcharacteristicsofanorganismwillincreaseitschancesoflivingtogrowupand

reproduceoverthechancesoforganismswithothercharacteristics.Totakeanextreme

example,ifyouhaveinheritedaseveregeneticdiseaseoftheliver,youhaveamuch

lowerchanceoflivingtogrowupandreproducethansomeonebornwithoutthisdisease.

Inheritedcharacteristicsthatimproveanorganism'schancesoflivingandreproducing

willbemorecommoninthenextgenerationandthosethatdecreaseitschancesof

reproducingwillbelesscommon.Variousgenesorcombinationsofgeneswillbe

naturallyselectedfromonegenerationtothenext(thatis,tocauseevolution).Itisnot

necessarythatallgenesaffectsurvivalandreproduction;thesameresultoccursifjust

somegenesmakeanindividualmorelikelytogrowupandreproduce.Tosummarize:1.

Individualsinapopulationvaryineachgeneration.2.Someofthesevariationsare

genetic.3.Moreindividualsareproducedthanlivetogrowupandreproduce.4.

Individualswithsomegenesarcmorelikelytosurviveandreproducethanthosewith

othergenes.Conclusion:Fromtheabovefourpremisesitfollowsthatthosegenetictraits

thatmaketheirownersmorelikelytogrowupandreproducewillbecomeincreasingly

commoninthepopulationfromonegenerationtothenext.

25、Themaindifferencebetweennaturalandartificialselectionisthathuman

beings.

A、controlthedirectionofartificialselection

B、controlthedirectionofnaturalselection

C、makenewgenesinartificialselection

D、makenewgenesinnaturalselection

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)natural和artificial兩個(gè)詞的意思以及第一段舉的例子，我們可

以推斷出兩者主要的差別在于人類有否干預(yù)。人類干預(yù)的即是人工選擇，因此A

為正確答案。

26、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

Membersofaspeciesdifferfromoneanother.

B、Alldifferencesbetweenindividualsarcinherited.

C、Twoorganismswithidenticalgenesmaygrowtodifferentsizes.

D^Notalloftheorganismscanlivetoreproduce.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B」

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參見(jiàn)第三段括號(hào)內(nèi)的話：Olherdifferencesarenotinherited,butare

causedbydifferentenvironments.也就是有些個(gè)體間的差異不受遺傳影響，而是與

不同的環(huán)境有關(guān)，因此B錯(cuò)誤。

27Whatwouldhappentoinheritedcharacteristicsinthenextgenerationintheprocess

ofnaturalselection?

A、Inheritedcharacteristicsthatdecreaseanorganism'schancesoflivingand

reproducingwillbemorecommon.

B、Inheritedcharacteristicsthatincreaseanorganism'schancesoflivingand

reproducingwillbelesscommon.

C^Inheritedcharacteristicsthatincreaseanorganism'schancesoflivingand

reproducingwillremainthesame.

D、Inheritedcharacteristicsthatdecreaseanorganism'schancesoflivingand

reproducingwillbelesscommon.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第五段第一句的意思是：能提高一個(gè)生物生存和繁殖機(jī)會(huì)的遺傳特征

將在該生物的下一代更常見(jiàn)，而那些減少其繁殖機(jī)會(huì)的遺傳特征則更少見(jiàn)。這與D

的意思一致，因此選D。

"Winners"Winnershavedifferentpotentials.Achievementisnotthemostimportant

thing,authenticityis.Theauthenticpersonexperiencestherealityofhimselfbyknowing

himself,beinghimself,andbecomingacredible,responsiveperson.Heactualizeshis

ownunprecedenteduniquenessandappreciatestheuniquenessofothers.Awinnerisnot

afraidtodohisownthinkingandtousehisownknowledge.Hecanseparatefactsfrom

opinionanddoesn'tpretendtohavealltheanswers.Helistenstoothers,evaluateswhat

theysay,butcomestohisownconclusions.Whilehecanadmireandrespectother

people,heisnottotallydefined,demolished,bound,orawedbythem.Awinnercanbe

spontaneous.Hedoesnothavetorespondinpredetermined,rigidways.Hecanchange

hisplanswhenthesituationcallsforit.Awinnerhasazestforlife.Heenjoyswork,

play,food,otherpeople,sex,andtheworldofnature.Withoutguilt,heenjoyshisown

accomplishments.Withoutenvyheenjoystheaccomplishmentsofothers.Althougha

winnercanfreelyenjoyhimself,hecanalsopostponeenjoyment.Hecandiscipline

himselfinthepresenttoenhancehisenjoymentinthefuture.Heisnotafraidtogoafter

whathewantsbutdoessoinappropriateways.Hedoesnotgethissecurityby

controllingothers.Hedoesnotsethimselfuptolose.Awinnercaresabouttheworldand

itspeoples.Heisnotisolatedfromthegeneralproblemsofsociety.Heisconcerned,

compassionate,andcommittedtoimprovingthequalityoflife.Eveninthefaceof

nationalandinternationaladversity,hedocsnotsechimselfastotallypowerless.Hedocs

whathecantomaketheworldabetterplace."Losers"Althoughpeopleareborntowin,

theyarealsobornhelplessandtotallydependentontheirenvironment.Winners

successfullymakethetransitionfromtotalhelplessnesstoindependenceandthento

interdependence.Losersdonot.Somewherealongthelinetheybegintoavoidbecoming

self-responsible.Aswehavenoted,fewpeoplearetotalwinnersorlosers.Mostofthem

arewinnersinsomeareasoftheirlivesandlosersinothers.Theirwinningorlosingis

influencedbywhathappenstotheminchildhood.Alackofresponsetodependency

needs,poornutrition,brutality,unhappyrelationships,disease,continuing

disappointments,inadequatephysicalcare,andtraumaticeventsarcamongthemany

experiencesthatcontributetomakingpeoplelosers.Suchexperiencesinterrupt,deter,or

preventthenormalprogresstowardautonomyandself-actualization.Tocopewith

negativeexperiencesachildlearnstomanipulatehimselfandothers.Thesemanipulative

techniquesarehardtogiveuplaterinlifeandoftenbecomesetpatterns.Awinnerworks

toshedthem.Aloserhangsontothem.Aloserrepresseshiscapacitytoexpress

spontaneouslyandappropriatelyhisfullrangeofpossiblebehaviour.Hemaybeunaware

ofotheroptionsforhislifeifthepathhechoosesgoesnowhere.Heisafraidtotrynew

things.Hemaintainshisownstatusquo.Heisarepeater.Herepeatsnotonlyhisown

mistakesbutoftenthoseofhisfamilyandculturealso.Aloserhasdifficultygivingand

receivingaffection.Hedoesnotenterintointimate,honest,directrelationshipswith

others.Instead,hetriestomanipulatethemintolivinguptohisexpectationsandchannels

hisenergiesintolivinguptotheirexpectations.Whenapersonwantstodiscoverand

changehis"losingstreak1',whenhewantstobecomemorelikethewinnerhewasbornto

be,hecanusegestalt-typeexperimentsandtransactionalanalysistomakechange

happen.Thesearctwonew,exciting,psychologicalapproachestohumanproblems.The

firstwasgivennewlifebyDr.FrederickPeris;thesecondwasdevelopedbyDr.Eric

Berne.Gestalttherapyisnotnew.However,itscurrentpopularityhasgrownveryrapidly

sinceitWasgivennewimpetusanddirectionbyDr.FrederickPeris.GestaltisaGerman

wordforwhichthereisnoexactEnglishequivalent;itmeans,roughly,theformingofan

organised,meaningfulwhole.Perisperceivesmanypersonalitiesaslackingwholeness,as

beingfragmented.Heclaimspeopleareoftenawareofonlypartsofthemselvesrather

thanofthewholeself.Forexample,awomanmaynotknoworwanttoadmitthat

sometimessheactslikehermother;amanmaynotknoworadmitthatsometimeshe

wantstocrylikeababy.Theaimofgestalttherapyistohelponetobecomewhole-to

helpthepersonbecomeawareof,admitto,reclaim,andintegratehisfragmentedparts.

Integrationhelpsapersonmakethetransitionfromdependencytoself-sufficiency;from

authoritarianoutersupporttoauthenticinnersupport.

28、Inthesectionof"Winners",theauthors'objectiveisto

A、convincethereaderthatwinningisimportant

B、describethenatureofwinningandachieving

C、statethecharacteristicsofawinningperson.

D、explainhowtobeav/inner

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“Winners”一節(jié)共由五段組成。每一段的第一句都是該段的主題句。

作者在這一節(jié)詳細(xì)描述了成功者所具備的五個(gè)特征：潛在能力、獨(dú)立思考及辨別能

力、應(yīng)變能力、即可以及時(shí)享樂(lè)也能推遲享樂(lè)和關(guān)心世界及其大眾。因此應(yīng)選C。

29、Whichofthefollowingcharacterizeslosers?

Loserstendtopostponeenjoymentandnottodisciplinethemselves.

B、Loserstendtorestraintheirloveandcaring.

C、Loserstendtogiveupsomeofthetechniqueswhichtheydeveloptocopewithbad

experiences.

D、Losersaresoafraidtotrynewthingsthattheyoftenchangetheirplanstosuitthe

situation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從上一題我們已得知推遲享樂(lè)是成功者的五個(gè)特征之一，所以A不

正確。第三段最后一句"Aloserhangsontothem"中的"hangsonto”與C中的giveup

意思相反，因此C也不正確。第四段第四句：Hemaintainshisownstatusquo.意

思是“他維持現(xiàn)狀”，所以D不正確。第五段第一句：Aloserhasdifficultygiving

andreceivingaffection.與B意思相近。B是正確答案。

30、Changingone's"losingstreak'1means.

A、doingtransactionalanalysis

B、becomingmorelikeawinner

C^learningnewpsychologicalapproaches

D、gettingridofbadhabits

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：倒數(shù)第四段第一句中：Whenapersonwantstodiscoverandchange

histllosingstreak”和whenhewantstobecomemorelikethewinnerhewasborntobe是

并列關(guān)系的從句。從第二個(gè)從句可推斷出changehis4llosingstreak”的意思是

“becomemorelikethewinnerhewasborntobe"，即更像成功者，因此應(yīng)選Bo

31、Thesecondsectiondescribestwopsychologicalapproaches.

A、thatcanhelplosersbecomewinners

B、thatareparticularlyhelpfulforwinners

C、thatcanhelponebecomeall-rounded

D、thatcanhelpdistinguishawinnerfromaloser

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：倒數(shù)第四段第一句指出，一個(gè)想從失敗變?yōu)槌晒Φ娜丝梢試L試蓋式實(shí)

驗(yàn)(gesiak-typeexperiment)和交流分析(transactionalanalysis)o反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)，這兩種心

理方法可幫助失敗者擺脫困境，走向成功，因此A為正確答案。

GivenShakespeare'spopularityasanactorandaplaywrightandhisconspicuous

financialsuccess,itwasnotsurprisingthatjealousrivalsbegantosnipeathiswork.In

latercenturies,acommonchargewasthatShakespearedidnotinventmanyofhisplots

buttookhisbasicstoriesfromwell-knownEnglishhistoryandoldlegendsinstead.Itis

quitetruethatthesesourceshavebeenusedbymanyEnglishdramatists.Butwhat

Shakespearedidtothecommonfactsiswhollyremarkable:heinventednewcharacters,

transformedoldones,createdagalleryofkings,maidens,courtiers,warriorsandclowns

ofstartlingpsychologicaldepth.Herearrangedfamiliartaleswithanextraordinarygift

fordrama,comedyandfantasy.AndoverallthisWork,sorichwithsoaringlanguage

andglisteningpoetry,hecastanunprecedentedmoodofgrandeurandglory.Neverhad

thetheatrebeenshoweredwithsuchlyricismandpassion,suchinsightandprofundity.

Buthowcouldamanofsolittleeducationproducesuchmasterfulworks?Did

Shakespeare,infact,writetheplays?Throughthecenturies,somehavesuggested

FrancisBaconwasthe"real'*Shakespeare.Butthemystery-authortheoristsconveniently

ignoreanindisputablefact:numerouscontemporariesstatedthatWilliamShakespeareof

StratfordandLondonwastheauthorofallbutafewplaysinthepresentcanon.Ben

Jonsonknewhimwell,asdidtheatreowners,andtheactorswhosignedthevalidating

forewordtothedefinitiveFirstFolio(1623)editionofhiswork.ThatShakespearewas

not"educated"meansonlythathehadnotenduredthedrycurriculumofOxfordor

Cambridgeinthosedays.Shakespearewas,infact,awidereaderwithaninquisitive

mindandaconfidenceinhisownperceptions.JohnDeydenobserved:"Hewasnaturally

learned"AndShakespearecertainly"read"tilenatureofhumanbehavionr-maleand

female,monarchsandjesters,peasantsandbuffoons.Itwashisimaginativerange,his

jewelledlanguage,hisskillasasto^tcllcr-rathcrthanhiscrudition-thatmadehimthe

wonderoftheworld.Inonerevolutionarystep,thedramatistfromAvonbrokeaway

fromthestereotypedmoralityplaysthatdominatedtheEnglishstage.Hepreachedno

sermons;heofferednopiouswarnings;hetreatedgood,evil,virtueandsinaswoulda

psychologist,notapriest.Hiscoolobjectivityinrenderinghumanpassionshasincurred

thewrathofmanyarighteoussoul,andeventhegreatSamuelJohnsonchastised

Shakespeareforwriting"withoutanymoralpurpose".Itwaspreciselythisaspectof

Shakespeare,thisrelentlessanalyticstance,embroideredwithpoetryofluminousbeauty,

thatusheredinwhatcan,withoutexaggeration,becalledthemoderntheatre.

Shakespearedestroyedthereigning,stultifyingover-simplificationsofElizabethan

drama.HedaredtoshowheroeswithHawsanddoubtsandunheroicimpulses;heroines

whosechastitywasatwarwiththeircarnality;pettyandfearfulkings;queenswhowere

monsters,andprinceswhowerecharlatans;villainsoverwhelmedbyguiltoreven

temptedbyvirtue-inshort,aparadeofcharacterscaught,asmenandwomentrulyare,in

theconflictofemotionsandtheparadoxesofhumandilemmas.

32、WhatdistinguishesShakespearefromtheotherEnglishdramatistswhoalsoused

well-knownEnglishhistoryandoldlegendsassources?

A、Hisrecreationoffamiliartales.

B、Hiscompetenceinforeignlanguages.

C、Hisownexperienceasanactor.

D^HisRoeticpassion:

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文第二段談到Shakespeare的與眾不同之處在于：Herearranged

familiartalcswithanextraordinarygiftfordrama,...因此應(yīng)該選A。

33、WhomighttestifythatitwasShakespearewhowrotetheplays?

A、Themystery-authortheorists.

B、FrancisBacon.

C、Theatreowners.

D、Theatregoersandtheactors.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段提到一些人的質(zhì)疑：Shakespeare戲劇是否真的出自他本人之

手?該段最后一句，作者給出了肯定的答案：不僅BenJonson而且劇院老板和演員

們都能證實(shí)的確是Shakespeare寫了這些劇本。因此正確答案是C。D不對(duì)，因?yàn)?/p>

文章沒(méi)有提及看戲的人(Theatre-goers)。

34、AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.

A^Shakespearereceivedlittleformalhighereducation.

B、Shakespearecouldremainobjectivewheninterpretinghumanpassions.

C、Shakespearehadathoroughunderstandingofthenatureofhumanbehaviour.

D、Shakespeare'sdramawasspokenhighlyofbySamuelJohnson.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D」..

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段第一句的意思是：一個(gè)受過(guò)極少教育的人如何能創(chuàng)作出這些著

作呢?這與A對(duì)應(yīng)。第五段最后一句的前半句(Hiscoolobjectivityinrenderinghuman

passions)意思指Shakespeare表達(dá)人物情感時(shí)的客觀冷靜，與B對(duì)應(yīng)。第四段笫四

句談至UShakespeare的確能“讀懂”人類行為的本質(zhì)(andShakespearecertainly^read^the

natureofhumanbehaviour),與C對(duì)應(yīng)。正確答案只能是D,因?yàn)榈谖宥巫詈笠恍?/p>

談到SamuelJohnson批評(píng)Shakespeare的寫作“沒(méi)有任何道德觀念”(SamuelJohnson

chastisedShakespearefbrwriting4twithoutanymoralpurpose"),而D中wasspoken

highlyof的意思是被高度贊揚(yáng)。

35、WhatiscommonamongthecharactersinShakespeare'sdrama?

A、Theyreflectthepeopleinrealityaswellasinhisdreams.

B、Theyoftenhavetomakehardchoicesastowhattodo.

C、Theyarecaughtintheconflictofemotionsandfeelashamedof(hcmsclves.

D、Alloftheabove.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章最后一句：，..aparadeofcharacterscaught,...andthe

paradoxesofhumandilemmas.暗示Shakespeare劇本中的人物常常處于兩難的境

地、面臨著決擇，而A和C只有前半句表述正確，因此B是正確答案，

Thesenseofhonourappearstobedying.Whofightsdue