專業(yè)英語八級模擬試卷51（共313題）

專業(yè)英語八級模擬試卷51（共7套）

（共313題）

專業(yè)英語八級模擬試卷第1套

一、講座（本題共75題，每題7.0分，共75分。）

HowtoBondwithYourBossHavingagoodrelationshipwithyourbosshasapositive

impactonyourcareer.AccordingtoresearchersatNYU,[LI]isdirectly

linkedtohisorherrelationshipswithsuperiors.Herearefivestrategies.Beauthenticand

communicatenononsense,no[L2],notiptoeingaroundeachotherbe

willingtogiveandaccept[L3]Takeadvantageofopportunitiestosocialize

attend[L4]arrangedbythecompanyparticipateinofficehappyhours,

holidaypartiesand[L5]rememberaruleofthumb:keep[L6]

light—don't（L7]insidercompanyinformation—don'tbash

anothercoworker—goeasyontheboozeDon'tovcrsharcdon'tovcrsharctidbitsabout

yourownlife—becarefulaboutgettingloofriendly—findthe[L8]

betweenconnectingandsharingFocusonworkfirsideliver[L9]

workearn[LIO]fromyourbossandcolleagueskeep[LI1]

inmindinsteadoftheinitialassignmentThinkabouthowyoucan[L12]

yourbossmakeyourboss'sjobeasierworktowardsthe[L13]of

thecompanybackupthevisionofyourbossbe[L14]—makeyourbosssee

youasapeerratherthananemployeeConclusionBondingwithyourbossplaysalarge

rolein[L15J.Also,itisbeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

1、[LI]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：employeeproductivity

知識點解析：暫無解析

2、[L2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：excuses

知識點解析：暫無解析

3、[L3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：constructivecriticism

知識點解析：暫尢解析

4、[L4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：（fun）socialevents

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、[L5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：sportsleagues

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、[L6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：conversationaltopics

知識點解析：的無解析

7、[L7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：gofishingfor/fishfor/pryinto

知識點解析：暫無解析

8、[L8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：balance

知識點解析：暫無解析

9、[L9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：qualiiy

知識點解析：暫無解析

10、[L10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：respect

知識點解析：暫無解析

11、[L11]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：iheendgoal

知識點解析：暫無解析

12、[L12]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：support

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、[L13]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：benefits

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、[L14]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：proactiveandself-sufficient

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、[L15]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：careersuccess

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、會話（本題共70題，每題1.0分，共70分。）

16、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

20、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：哲無解析

21、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

23、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

三、選擇題(本題共〃題，每題1.0分，共14分。)

PASSAGEONE(I)Hehadscarcelywashedhimself,andmadeeverythinglidy,by

emptying(hebasinoutofthewindow,agreeablytotheJew'sdirections,whenthe

Dodgerrelumed:accompaniedbyaverysprightlyyoungfriend,whomOliverhadseen

smokingonthepreviousnight,andwhowasnowformallyintroducedtohimasCharley

Bates.(2)"Well,"saidtheJew,glancingslylyatOliver,andaddressinghimselftothe

Dodger,"Ihopeyou'vebeenatworkthismorning,mydears?"(3)"Hard,“repliedthe

Dodger.(4)"Asnails,"addedCharleyBates.(5)"Goodboys,goodboys!"saidtheJew.

"Whathaveyougot.Dodger'?"(6)"Acoupleofpocket-books,"repliedthatyoung

gentleman.(7)"Lined?"inquiredtheJew,witheagerness.(8)"Prettywell/'repliedthe

Dodger,producingtwopocket-books;onegreen,andtheotherred.(9)"Notsoheavyas

theymightbe,"saidtheJew,afterlookingattheinsidescarefully;"butveryneatand

nicelymade.Ingeniousworkman,ain'the,Oliver?*'(10)"Veryindeed,sir,'*saidOliver.

AtwhichMr.CharleyBateslaugheduproariously;verymuchtotheamazementof

Oliver,whosawnothingtolaughat,inanythingthathadpassed.(11)"Andwhathave

yougo(,mydear?"saidFagin(oCharleyBates.(12)"Wipes,"repliedMasterBates;at

(hesametimeproducingfourpocket-handkerchiefs.(13)"Well,"saidtheJew,inspecting

themclosely;"they'reverygoodones,very.Youhaven'tmarkedthemwell,though,

Charley;sothemarksshallbepickedoutwithaneedle,andv/e'llteachOliverhowtodo

it.Shallus,Oliver,eh?Ha!Ha!Ha!0(14)"Ifyouplease,sir；'saidOliver.(15)"You'd

liketobeabletomakepocket-handkerchiefsaseasyasCharleyBates,wouldn'tyou,my

dear?"saidtheJew.(16)"Verymuch,indeed,ifyou'llteachme,sir,"repliedOliver.(17)

MasterBatessawsomethingsoexquisitelyludicrousinthisreply,thatheburstinto

anotherlaugh;whichlaugh,meetingthecoffeehewasdrinking,andcarryingitdown

somewrongchannel,verynearlyterminatedinhisprematuresuffocation.(18)"Heisso

jollygreen!"saidCharleywhenherecovered,asanapologytothecompanyforhis

unpolitebehaviour.(19)TheDodgersaidnothing,buthesmoothedOliver'shairoverhis

eyes,andsaidhe'dknowbetter,byandby;uponwhichtheoldgentleman,observing

Oliver'scolourmounting,changedthesubjectbyaskingwhethertherehadbeenmuchof

acrowdat(heexecutionthatmorning.Thismadehimwondermoreandmore;foritwas

plainfromtherepliesofthetwoboysthattheyhadbothbeenthere;andOlivernaturally

wonderedhowtheycouldpossiblyhavefoundtimetobesoveryindustrious.(20)When

thebreakfastwasclearedaway;themerryoldgentlemanandthetwoboysplayedata

verycuriousanduncommongame,whichwasperformedinthisway.Themerryold

gentleman,placingasnuff-bexinonepocketofhistrousers,anote-caseintheother,and

awatchinhiswaistcoatpocket,withaguard-chainroundhisneck,andstickingamock

diamondpininhisshirt:buttonedhiscoattightroundhim,andputtinghisspectacle-case

andhandkerchiefinhispockets,trottedupanddowntheroomwithastick,inimitation

ofthemannerinwhicholdgentlemenwalkaboutthestreetsanyhourintheday.

Sometimeshestoppedatthefire-place,andsometimesatthedoor,makingbelievethat

hewasstaringwithallhismightintoshop-windows.Atsuchtimes,hewouldlook

constantlyroundhim,forfearofthieves,andwouldkeepslappingallhispocketsinturn,

toseethathehadn'tlostanything,insuchaveryfunnyandnaturalmanner,thatOliver

laughedtillthetearsrandownhisface.Allthistime,thetwoboysfollowedhimclosely

about:gettingoutofhissight,sonimbly,everytimeheturnedround,thatitwas

impossibletofollowtheirmotions.Atlast,theDodgertroduponhistoes,orranuponhis

bootaccidently,whileCharleyBatesstumbledupagainsthimbehind;andinthatone

momenttheytookfromhim,withthemostextraordinaryrapidity,snuff-box,note-case,

watch-guard,chain,shirt-pin,pocket-handkerchief,eventhespectacle-case.Iftheold

gentlemanfeltahandinanyoneofhispockets,hecriedoutwhereitwas;andthenthe

gamebeganalloveragain.(21)Whenthisgamehadbeenplayedagreatmanytimes,

CharleyBatesexpressedhisopinionthatitwas(imetopad(hehoof.This,itoccurredto

Oliver,mustbeFrenchforgoingout;fordirectlyafterwards,theDodger,andCharley

wentawaytogether,havingbeenkindlyfurnishedbytheamiableoldJewwithmoneyto

spend.(22)"There,mydear,"saidFagin,"That'sapleasantlife,isn'tit?Theyhavegone

outfortheday."(23)"Havetheydonework,sir?"inquiredOliver.(24)"Yes,"saidthe

Jew,"thatis,unlesstheyshouldunexpectedlycomeacrossany,whentheyareout;and

theywon'tneglectit,iftheydo.mydear,dependuponit.Makethemyourmodels,my

dear.Makethemyourmodels,"tappingthefire-shovelonthehearthtoaddforcetohis

words;"doeverythingtheybidyou,andtaketheiradviceinallmatters—especiallythe

Dodger's,mydear.He'llbeagreatmanhimself,andwillmakeyouonetoo,ifyoutake

patternbyhim.—Ismyhandkerchiefhangingoutofmypocket,mydear?"saidtheJew,

stoppingshort.(25)"Yes,sir,"saidOliver.(26)"Seeifyoucantakeitout,withoutmy

feelingit;asyousawthemdo.whenwewereatplaythismorning."(27)Oliverheldup

(hebottomofthepocketwithonehand,ashehadseentheDodgerholdit,anddrewthe

handkerchieflightlyoutofitwiththeother.(28)MIsitgone?"criedtheJew.(29)"Hereit

is,sir,"saidOliver,showingitinhishand.(30)"You'reacleverboy,mydear,"said(he

playfuloldgentleman,pattingOliveron(heheadapprovingly."Ineversawasharperlad.

Here'sashillingforyou.Ifyougoon,inthisway,you'llbethegreatestmanofthetime.

Andnowcomehere,andI'llshowyouhowtotakethemarksoutofthehandkerchiefs."

(31)Oliverwonderedwhatpickingtheoldgentleman'spocketinplay,hadtodowithhis

chancesofbeingagreatman.But,thinkingthattheJew,beingsomuchhissenior,must

knowbest,hefollowedhimquietlytothetable,andwassoondeeplyinvolvedinhisnew

study.

26Whatdoes"Asnails"(Para.4)probablymeanaccordinglothecontext?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：語義理解題?！癆snails”是對第二段中猶太佬提出的“今天早上你們干

活兒了，是嗎?”的問答，應(yīng)該是說明“干活兒''的狀態(tài)，可先排除不符合此場景的

Co在第三段中機靈鬼的回答是“Hard”,而查理.貝茲的回答是接著機靈鬼的話，

hardasnails的字面意思是“毫不留情地，強硬地”，此處引申為“偷竊時亳無畏懼”，

故B為答案。

27WhydidBateslaughatOliver'sanswering"Veryindeed"(Para.10)?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第十段，該段是對上一段中猶太佬提出

的問題給出的回答。猶太佬問奧立弗機靈鬼是不是一個聰明的伙計，奧立弗十分認

真地回答說,,的確如此“，他不知道東西是偷來的，當(dāng)成是機靈鬼做的，而后文第十

八段中查理也說他“嫩得可笑”，這些慣偷是在嘲笑他太天真，故C為答案。猶太

佬并非問奧立弗東西做工如何，故排除A：B和D所述內(nèi)容在文中沒有依據(jù)，故

也排除。

28、WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTusedliterally?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：語義理解題。根據(jù)各選項定位至相應(yīng)的段落。第十三段中，費金說要

用針將手帕上的標(biāo)記挑掉，可見needle在此處是其字面意思，故排除A；第十七

段提到，咖啡走岔了道，channel在此處也是其字面意思，故排除B；第十九段中

的colour指的是奧立弗的臉色，也是其字面意思，故排除C；第二十一段中的

hoof原指“蹄子”，在這里說的是人，可見不是其字而意思，故D為答案。

29>AccordingtothedescriptioninPara.20,thegameplayedbytheJewandthetwo

boyswasactually

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二十段。該段介紹了費金和兩個男孩

玩的游戲，他自己假扮成一個老紳士，第四句提到他還時不時裝作防賊，第六句提

到兩個男孩想方設(shè)法從他那里偷到東西，不讓他察覺，可知他們的這個游戲是在練

習(xí)偷東西，故A為答案。

30>Olivercontinuedhisnewstudywithoutdoubtsbecausehe.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段。奧立弗之所以順從地開始

“新的學(xué)業(yè)”，是因為他認為費金比自己年長很多，一定懂得更多。換言之，他聽從

費金是出于對有經(jīng)驗的長者的信任，故D為答案。由本段第一句可知，奧立弗不

知道當(dāng)大人物跟剛才游戲看到的這些東西有什么關(guān)系，因此A和B不符合題意，

故排除；文中并沒有提到奧立弗是否喜歡這個游戲，他只是覺得費金的表演很好

笑，故排除C。

PASSAGETWO(I)Why,despitethecoronaviruspandemic,housepricescontinueto

rise?(2)Duringtheglobalrecessionadecadeago,realhousepricesfellbyanaverageof

10%,wipingtrillionsofdollarsofftheworld'slargestassetclass.Thoughthehousing

markethasnotbeenthetriggerofeconomicwoesthistime,investorsandhomeowners

stillbracedfortheworstasitbecameclearthatCOVID-19wouldpushtheworld

economyintoitsdeepestdownturnsincetheDepressionofthe1930s.(3)Thatpessimism

nowlooksmisplaced.Housepricespickedupinmostmiddle-andhigh-incomecountries

inthesecondquarter.Intherichworldtheyroseatanannualrateof5%.Sharepricesof

developersandproperty-tradersfellbyaquarterintheearlyphaseofthepandemic,but

haverecoveredmuchofthefall(4)Somemarketsarefizzing.InAugusthousepricesin

Germanywere11%higherthantheyearbefore;rapidgrowthinSouthKoreahas

promptedtheauthoritiestotightenrestrictionsonbuyers.InAmericagrowthinthe

medianpricepersquaretootacceleratedmorequicklyinthesecondquarterof2020than

inanythree-monthperiodinihelead-uptothefinancialcrisisof2007-09.Threefactors

explain(hisstrength:monetarypolicy,fiscalpolicyandbuyers'changingpreferences.(5)

Considermonetarypolicyfirst.Centralbankersaroundtheworldhavecutpolicyratesby

twopercentagepointsonaveragethisyear,reducingthecostofmortgageborrowing.

Americanscantakeouta30-ycarfixed-ratemortgageatanannualinterestrateofjust

2.9%,downfrom3.7%atthebeginningoftheyear.Studiessuggestastronglink

betweenfallingrealinterestratesandhigherhouseprices.Someborrowerscanaffordto

takeoutbiggermortgages;othersfinditeasiertomanagetheirexistingloans.Landlords

arewillingtopaymoreforproperty,becauseyieldsonotherassetshavedropped.Inboth

AmericaandBritain,mortgagelendingisrunningatpost-financial-crisishighs.(6)That

isnottosaythatithasbecomeeasierfbreveryonetoborrow.Infact,obtaininga

mortgagehasbecomeharderformany.Brokers,fearfulofthelong-termeconomic

impactofCOVID19.havepulledbackonriskierlending.Britishbanks,forinstance,are

offeringfewerhigh-loan-to-incomemortgages.InAmericafewloanofficersalbanks

saidtheyweretighteninglendingstandardsbeforethepandemic;now60%do.In

contrastwithpreviousperiodsofstronghouse-pricegrowth,thereislittleevidenceoflax

lendingstandards.(7)Fiscalpolicy,thesecondfactor,maythereforebemoreimportant

inexplainingbuoyantprices.Inanormalrecession,aspeoplelosejobsandtheirincomes

fall,foreclosuresdraghousepricesdown—notonlybyaddingtothesupplyofhouseson

themarket,butalsobyleavingex-homc-owncrswithablemishontheircredithistory,

makingitharderforthemtoborrowagain.Butthistimegovernmentsinrichcountries

havepreservedhouseholds'incomes.Handoutsthroughwagesubsidies,furlough

schemesandexpandedwelfarebenefitsamountto5%ofGDP.Inthesecondquarterof

theyearhouseholds'disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomieswereabout

$100bnhigherthan(heywerebeforethepandemic,evenasjobsdisappearedby(he

millions.(8)Othermeasuresdirectlysupport(hehousingmarket.Spain,fbrinstance,has

allowedborrowerstosuspendtheirmortgagerepaymenls.Japan'sregulatorshaveasked

bankstodeferprincipalrepaymenlsonmortgages,and(heNetherlandstemporarily

bannedforeclosures.Inthesecondquarterthenumberofowner-occupiedmortgaged

propertiesthatwererepossessedinBritainwas93%lowerihzninthesameperiodin

2019,theresultofpoliciesthatdissuaderepossessions.InAirericaforeclosures,asa

shareofallmortgages,areattheirlowestlevelsince1984.(9iThethirdfactorbehindthe

unlikelyglobalhousingboomrelatestochangingconsumerpreferences.In2019

householdsinthemedianOECDcountrydevoted19%ofspendingtohousingcosts.

Withafifthofofficeworkerscontinuingtoworkfromhome,manypotentialbuyersmay

wanttospendmoreonanicerplacetolive.Alreadythereisevidencethatpeoplearc

upgradingtheirhouseholdappliances.(10)Peoplealsoseemtobelookingformore

space—which,allelsebeingequal,raiseshouseprices.ThoughtheNewYorkandSan

Franciscohousingmarketslookweak,thereislittlewiderevidencetosupporttheidea

(hatpeoplearefleeingcitiesfbrthesuburbs,atleastinAmerica.DatafromZillow,a

housingmarketplace,suggesturbanandsuburbanpropertypricesarerisingatroughly

(hesamepace;pricegrowthin(hetrulyget-away-from-il-allareasisactuallyslowing.Il

seemsmorelikelythatpeoplearelookingfbrbiggerhousesnearwheretheyalreadylive.

InBritainpricesofdetachedhousesarerisingatanannualrateof4%,comparedwith

0.9%forflats,andthemarketforhomeswithgardensislivelierthanforthosewithout.

(11)Canhousepricescontinuetheirupwardmarch?Governmentsareslowlywinding

downtheireconomic-rescueplans,andnooneknowswhatwillhappenoncesupport

ends.Butlowerdemandforhousingmayrunupagainstlowersupply.Highlevelsof

economicuncertaintydeterinvestment;inAmericahousebuildinghasfallenby17%

sinceCOVID-19struck.Theexperienceofthelastrecessionsuggeststhatevenwhenthe

economyrecovers,constructionlagsbehind.Itmaytakemorethanthedeepestdownturn

sincetheDepressiontoshakethehousingmarket'sfoundations.

31、TheDepressionofthe1930sismentionedinPara.2inorderto.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后一句。該句說，投資者和業(yè)

主們對房地產(chǎn)市場已經(jīng)做好了最壞的打算，因為他們覺得新冠肺炎會把世界經(jīng)濟推

入自上世紀30年代大蕭條以來最嚴重的衰退之中。之后第三段首句則說，這種悲

觀情緒似乎不合時宜，可知作者提及上世紀30年代的大蕭條是為了解釋人們?yōu)楹?/p>

會有悲觀情緒，故C為答案。作者在此處并沒有做出對房地產(chǎn)市場的判斷，故排

除A：第二段還沒有提到房價的漲跌問題，故排除B；本文沒有分析世界經(jīng)濟的下

行問題，故排除D。

32>InPara.4,theword"fizzing"probablymeans.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點解析：語義理解題。該詞出現(xiàn)在第四段第一句。之前的第三段中講到疫情對

房地產(chǎn)市場的影響并不像人們想象得那么嚴重，該詞所在句是第四段的主題句，該

段以幾個國家為例說明房地產(chǎn)市場勢頭強勁，可知該詞的意思是“有活力的”，故A

為答案。其余三項均表達負面含義，與本段后面的內(nèi)容不符，故排除。

33、Aboutmortgageborrowing,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A、」

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞mortgageborrowing定位至第五段第二

句。該句指出，由于央行下調(diào)政策利率，抵押貸款的成本降低了。第五句指出，借

款人可以承擔(dān)更大的抵押貸款，而其他借款人則發(fā)現(xiàn)管理現(xiàn)有貸款更容易了。綜合

兩處信息可知，借貸者的壓力會減輕，A表述符合原文，故為答案。B與第六段首

句相矛盾，故排除；C在原文中沒有依據(jù)，故排除：從第六段可知，一些銀行提高

了貸款的門檻，但不等同于借貸總量減少，故排除D。

34、AllofthefollowingmeasurescanboostthehousingmarketEXCEPT.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞boostthehousingmarket定位至第四

段。該段舉例說明了世界房地產(chǎn)市場與預(yù)期不同，表現(xiàn)出活躍和強勁的勢頭，最后

一句明確指出導(dǎo)致房地產(chǎn)市場勢頭強勁的三個因素，根據(jù)后文第六至八段，A符合

原文所述的貨幣政策因素，B和C符合財政政策因素，故均排除，而D所說的增

加房產(chǎn)供給在原文中沒有提及，故為答案。

35、Theauthorseemstopredictthathousepricesmay.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至文章最后一段。作者在該段首句提出房

價是否會持續(xù)上漲的問題，并在其后進行了分析。作者認為，盡管政府的經(jīng)濟救助

會逐漸結(jié)束，但房產(chǎn)供給可能也會減少，鼓后兩句更是借過去的經(jīng)驗指出，經(jīng)濟衰

退還不能動搖房地產(chǎn)市場的根基，可見作者認為房地產(chǎn)市場的前景是樂觀的，故B

為答案。

PASSAGETHREE(1)InthenorthernItaliancityofTreviso,aPolishpianist,Slawomir

Zubrzycki,sitsdownataninstrumentthatresemblesaharpsichordandstartspumpinga

pedalwithhisrightfoot.Ashishandsfloatoverthekeyboard,thesoundreachinghis

audienceisassingularasitisbeautiful:simultaneouslyreminiscentoftheharpsichord,

organandastringquartet.TheinstrumentisbasedonsketchesLeonardodaVincimade

inhisnotebooksofa"violaorganista"with(hedreamofsimulatingaviolaensemble(hat

couldbeplayedfromakeyboard.Hittingoneormorekeysbringsthesamenumberof

stringsinsidethecasingimocontactwithoneoffourbow-wheelsspunby(hepedal.(2)

Mr.Zubrzycki'sconcertwasamong(hemoreunusualcommemorationsofthe500th

anniversaryofdaVinci'sdeath,whichfallsonMay2nd.Itwasalsoareminderthat,even

inanageofpolymaths,thebreadthoftheTuscanmaster'sinterestswasexceptional.It

encompassednotonlypainting,architecture,mathematics,engineeringandnumerous

branchesofscience,butmusictoo."Howmanyspecialistswouldweneedtodayto

attemptLeonardo'sresearches?*'asksMartinKemp,emeritusprofessorofthehistoryof

artatOxfordUniversity."Atleast13.Maybemore."(3)Likemanyanautodidact,da

Vinciwaslongoninquisitivenessbutshortonintellectualself-discipline.Hehad

astonishingpowersofobservation,anextraordinarytalentformakingconnections

betweendifferentareasofknowledge,areadinesstochallengecontemporarybeliefsand

anuncannyabilitytoanticipatefuturediscoveries.Buthislifeyieldedanendless

successionofuntestedcontraptions,unpublishedstudiesandunfinishedartworks.(4)

Anniversariesarenormallyopportunitiesforreappraising(helegacyofthegreatmanor

womanconcerned.DaVinci'shighlightsthefactthat,outsidethefieldofpainting,his

legacy—asdistinctfromhisgenius—wasmodest.Hehadbrilliantintuitionsinfieldsas

diverseasanatomyandhydraulics,butbecausehefailedtopublishhistheoriesand

findings,hundredsofyearsweretopassbeforetheywerediscoveredbysomeoneelse.

(5)Evenhisartisticoeuvre,thoughsublime,isminute.Fewerthan20finishedworksare

generallyattributedtodaVinci.Hefailedtocompletesomeofhismostimportant

commissionssuchasthe"AdorationoftheMagi".Hisill-fatedexperimentationwith

materialsruinedothers,including"TheLastSupper".Hcnccthepaucityofexhibitions

devotedtohisartinwhatshouldbehisyearofyears.Florenceiscommemoratinghim

withashowdevotedtohismaster,Verrocchio.(6)Bornin1452,thesonofanotaryand

apeasantwoman,daVincihadalonelychildhoodand—probablyleft-handed—grewup

somethingofamisfit.HespentmuchofhislifeoutsidehisnativeTuscanyinMilan,

RomeandfinallyFranceastheguestofKingFrancisI.HediedatAmboisein1519.(7)

Suchisthestatushehasacquiredasthedefinitive,universalgeniusthatthefew

questionsraisedinhisquincentenaryyeararebeingputalmostsurreptitiously,asina

showattheScuderiedelQuirinaleinRomethatlargelycomprisesmodelsbasedonda

Vinci'sdesigns.Itopenswithadisplayoftreatisesandoftenexquisitedrawingsbyother

Tuscanartist-engineers,includingFrancescodiGiorgioMartini,thatshowdaVinciwas

farfromuniqueincombiningtechnologywithpainting—andthatsomeofhispeers

managedtogetalotmorebuiltorprintedthanhedid.(8)Paradoxically,themostdirect

applicationsofdaVinci'sresearchesoutsideartarctobefoundwithinhisart.His

understandingofphysics,botanyandgeologyvastlyenhancedhispaiming.Hisstudyof

lightenabledhimtodevelopsfumato,thetechniquethatgivestheoutlinesofhissubjects

theirnaturallyundefinedquality."Andifhehadn'tstudiedanatomy,hewouldn'thave

beenabletopaintthemostenigmaticsmileinthehistoryofpainting,"saysFiorenzo

Galli,thedirector-generaloftheLeonardodaVinciNationalMuseumofScienceand

TechnologyinMilan.(9)The"MonaLisa"hasbecometheworld'sbest-knownpainting.

DaVinci's"VitruvianMan"istheworld'sbest-knowndrawing.Doesthatmakehimthe

greatestartistintheWesterntradition?EvenProfessorKemp,whohasspentalifetime

studyingdaVinci'sachievements,hesitatestogothatfar,stressinginsteadtheTuscan

master'shugeinfluenceonotherpainters."Ifyouwerelookingfbrsomeonewhodidas

muchtodivertthestreamofart,thenyouwouldhavetokeepsearchinguntilyoucameto

Picasso,"hesays.DaVincirevolutionizedMadonnaandChildcompositions,andaltered

(heportrayalofnarrativesubjectsandthewayportraitswerecomposed.JonathanNelson,

whoteachesarthistoryatSyracuseUniversityinFlorence,notesthathewasalsothefirst

artisttogivewomenrealisticbodies"withanatomicallyidentifiablemusculature,but

lookingsoftandfeminine".(10)ThenotionthatdaVincistandsalongsideMichelangelo

andRaphaelattheverypinnacleofartisticachievementisnonethelessrelativelymodern.

Untilwellintothe19thcentury,hewasseenasagenius,butonalevelbelowtheothers.

AsDonaldSassoon,aBritishhistorian,hasrecountedinhisbook,"BecomingMona

Lisa",publishedin2001,itwasanti-clericalFrenchhistorianswhoinitiatedthe"cultof

Leonardo",seeinginhimanallyinthefightagainstreligiousobscurantism:"Hewasnot

afraidtodissectcorpses;hedidnotpainthalosonhisreligiousfigures...UnlikeRaphael

andMichelangelo,hewasnevertheservantofpopes.HeputManatthecentreof

creation."(11)Thoseandotherfactorshaveendearedhimtoawider,contemporary

public.DaVinciabhorredtheslaughterofanimalsandwasprobablyavegetarian.He

satisfiesihemodernrequirementforartislstobeoutsiderswithaneccentricstreak.And

hiscreativerecordchimesperfectlywiththespiritofanagethattolerates,even

venerates,unfinishedwork—allthemoresoifiliscryptic.Surveyingtheeventsthisyear

tocelebratedaVinci'sgenius.ProfessorNelsonsays"Ithinktheseshowstellusmore

aboutusthanabouthim."

36、Bydescribingthesceneofthe500thanniversary,theauthorsuggeststhat.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞［he500lhanniversary定位至第二段首

句，并回溯至第一段。該段描寫了紀念達.芬奇逝世500周年活動的現(xiàn)場，而重點

是突出一件由達?芬奇設(shè)計的巧妙的樂器。第二段第二句指出，達.芬奇的興趣之廣

超乎常人，可見描寫這個場面是為了突出達.芬奇的興趣不限于繪畫領(lǐng)域，故答案

為B,原文沒有提及達.芬奇刻意隱藏自己的特殊技能，故排除A；作者沒有比較

達?芬奇在音樂和繪畫方面的成就孰輕孰重，故C不符合原文；盡管在第二段中作

者提到達.芬奇的興趣廣泛，第一段中描寫的場面只涉及音樂領(lǐng)域，不能看出他對

很多不同的領(lǐng)域均有研究，故排除D。

37AllofthefollowingphrasescanbeusedtodepictdaVinciEXCEPT________.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A、

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。對達?芬奇特點的概括主要出現(xiàn)在第三段。其中第一、

二句提到，他求知欲極強，觀察力驚人，可知B和C是對其特點的正確概括；該

段最后一句指出，達?芬奇一生創(chuàng)造出很多新奇玩意兒，可知他富有創(chuàng)意，D也是

對其特點的概括。A所說的特點在原文中沒有明確依據(jù)，故為答案。

38、ConcerningthecommentondaVinciinPara.9,whichofthefollowingdocs

ProfessorKempprobablyagreewith?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D--

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的人名關(guān)鍵詞定位至第九段。該段第三句提

出了“達?芬奇是否是西方歷史上最偉大的藝術(shù)家?”這一問題，隨后的兩句指出，研

究達?芬奇成就的坎普教授評價說，達.芬奇對其他畫家影響巨大，并且在改變藝術(shù)

潮流方面的成就與畢加索相當(dāng)，該段后半部分還具體介紹了達-芬奇在繪畫手法方

面的創(chuàng)新，這與D表述一致，故為答案.該段第四句說，坎普并不敢對前一句的

問題做出直接肯定的回答，可知A不符合原文；影響畫家并不等同于引領(lǐng)他們，

故B不準(zhǔn)確；C是對本段第五句的曲解，原句的意思是后來的畫家中只有畢加索在

改變藝術(shù)潮流方面可與達.芬奇比肩，而不是說兩人藝術(shù)成就相同，故也排除。

39、Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinthispassage?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。解答本題應(yīng)綜合全文信息。作者以紀念達.芬奇逝世500

周年音樂會現(xiàn)場的描寫開篇，對這位偉大藝術(shù)家的特點和在多個領(lǐng)域的成就進行了

詳細介紹與評述，盡管引用了多位專家對達.芬奇藝術(shù)成就的評價，但作者并沒有

表露自己的觀點，只是在客觀地講行介紹，故本題答案為C。

四、簡答題(本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。)

PASSAGEONE

40HowwouldyousummarizeOliver'spersonalitytraits?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Naive,bright,obedientandearnest.

知識點解析：本題需要結(jié)合全文信息概括奧立弗的性格特點。從兩個行竊歸來的男

孩“展示成果”到觀看他們練習(xí)偷竊的游戲，奧立弗始終不明白他們是小偷，可見他

缺乏社會經(jīng)驗，十分天真；雖然一開始并沒有參與費金等人的游戲，但奧立弗還是

很快學(xué)會從費金口袋里掏出手帕，又不被察覺，連黃金都夸他聰明；盡管不知道練

習(xí)他看到的這些游戲會有什么用，但他還是聽從費金的話去練習(xí)，可知他是個聽話

順從的孩子；而他一旦開始“學(xué)習(xí)”就十分專心，可知他是個認真的人，故答案為

“Naive,bright,obedientandearnest.

41、Whatdoes"agreatman'saidbyFaginactuallyreferto(Para.24)?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Askilledthief.

知識點解析：根據(jù)題干信息定位至第二十四段。費金第一次提到agrealman是說

機靈鬼，要奧立弗跟他學(xué)，這樣他也能成為greatman,而說到此處，他就開始教

奧立弗偷竊的“技巧”，可見他所說的agreatman就是“慣偷，熟練的竊賊”，故答案

為“Askilledthief.皇

PASSAGETWO

42>Whatdoestheword"they"in"(hantheywerebefore(hepandemic1'referto(Para.

7)?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Households'disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomics.

知識點解析：根據(jù)題干定位至第七段最后一句。本題考查代詞的指代內(nèi)容，本句是

一個比較句，they所指代的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是連詞than之前的比較主體，也就是由大型

經(jīng)濟體組成的七山集團各成員國的家庭可支配收入，故答案為“Households'

disposableincomesintheG7groupoflargeeconomies.

43、Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaymotivatepeopletobuyhousesduringthe

coronaviruspandemic?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Theirpursuitofalargerandnicerhouse.

知識點解析：根據(jù)題干定位至第九、十段。作者在這兩段分析了消費者在疫情期間

購買房產(chǎn)的個人因素，第九段第三句指出，人們要繼續(xù)居家辦公，因此可能想要購

買更舒適的房屋居住，第十段首句指出人們似乎在尋找更大的空間，綜合兩處信息

可知，人們購買房產(chǎn)的個人原因是追求更大、更舒適的住所，故答案為“Their

pursuitofalargerandnicerhouse.

44、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Threefactorsboostingglobalhousingmarket.

知識點解析：解答本題需綜合全文信息。文章以一個問句開篇，表明疫情當(dāng)前，房

價還在上漲，隨后指出這種現(xiàn)象與人們的預(yù)期有所不同，并通過列舉各國房地產(chǎn)數(shù)

據(jù)說明房地產(chǎn)市場勢頭強勁，第四段最后一句指出這種強勁勢頭源于三大因素，第

五至十段分析了這三個因素，最后一段總結(jié)全文，預(yù)測房地產(chǎn)市場的活力將會持

續(xù)，可知文章主要圍繞助推世界房地產(chǎn)市場的三個因素展開，故答案為“Three

factorsboostingglobalhousingmarket.

PASSAGETHREE

45、WhatdoesFiorenzoGalliemphasizebysaying"...ifhehadn'tstudiedanatomy,he

wouldn'thavebeenabletopaintthemostenigmaticsmilein