博遠初中英語語法

BY

BEYONDTUTORSHIP博遠初中英語語法

目錄

1、名詞2

2、數(shù)詞5

3、代詞7

4、冠詞9

5、連詞11

6、介詞13

7、形容詞和副詞20

8、動詞22

9、動詞時態(tài)27

10、動詞語態(tài)31

11、非謂語動詞35

12、句子39

13、主謂一致49

BY

BEYONDTUTORSHIP博遠初中英語語法

一、名詞

I、名詞可分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞

㈠.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)

1.規(guī)則變化

名詞形式復數(shù)變化讀音單數(shù)復數(shù)

清輔音讀作/s/deskdesks

一般名詞+s

濁輔音讀作/z/dogdogs

以s,x,ch,sh結尾的詞+es/iz/classclasses

個別以ch結尾的詞+s/ks/stomachstomachs

以e結尾的詞+s/iz/pagepages

以fe,f結尾的詞去ffe或f為ves/vz/lifelives

有些以f結尾的詞+s/fs/^/fc/roofroofs

以輔音字母+y結尾的詞變y為i,+es/iz/familyfamilies

以元音字母+y結尾的詞+s/z/boyboys

+es/iz/tomatotomatoes

kilokilos

以。結尾的詞，如不是外來

photophotos

詞或縮寫形式否則+s/z/

pianopianos

radioradios

2.特殊變化的名詞復數(shù)：不規(guī)則變化

⑴變oo為ee:Footfeet,tooth—teeth,goose^geese

(2)變man為men:policeman^policemen

⑶單復形式相同:People,deer,sheep,fish

⑷表民族的名詞單復

①中日不變：Chinesejapanese

②英法把man變?yōu)閙en

③其他一般力口-s:German^GermansRussian一Russians

(5)詞尾力口-en或-renox—oxen,child—children

3.復合名詞

⑴詞尾+s/es或詞尾變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)：Tooth-brush^tooth-brushes；Green-house^green-houses；

gentleman^gentlemen；boy/girlstudentboy/girlstudents

⑵主體名詞+s或主要部分:Son-in-law-sons-in-law；Passer-byfpassers-by

⑶兩個構成部分都變成復數(shù):Amandoctorfmendoctors；Awomandoctor-womendoctors

⑷字母、數(shù)字、符號及單詞的復數(shù)形式，詞尾+'s:Therearethreee'sinthewordatemperaturev.

He'sgotfour5's.

（二）.不可數(shù)名詞

1.上下文決定可數(shù)與不可數(shù):Aglassismadeofglass.Chicken小雞（可數(shù)）與雞肉（不可數(shù)）

2.表不同類別時可用復數(shù)：tea-teas各種茶；fruit—fruits各種水果

3.個別抽象名詞表具體的事物時，可用復數(shù)形式：difficulty—difficulties困難的事

4.有些名詞單復數(shù)形式意義不同

Time時間times時代，次數(shù)

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wood木頭woods森林

sand沙sands沙灘

paper紙papers試卷、文件、論文

cloth布clothes衣服

water水waters水域、水體

work工作works工廠、著作、工程

green綠色greens蔬菜

mamer態(tài)度--mamers禮貌

集體名詞thepolice（全體警察）

5.只有復數(shù)形式:Trousers;clothes;shorts;glasses;goods;shoes

6.不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量表達:Apieceofpaper;abottleofmilk;Plentyofwater;ablockofice;acupoftea

一些不定量詞：someice;muchmoney;alittlewater

㈢、名詞所有格：在句子中表示所屬關系，兩種形式①of+，s②of+名詞性物主代詞

1.一般有生命的用's；無生命用of如：theboy^hatthetitleofthesong

2.帶，s必須是一個明確限定的指人的名詞，同時。f前名詞必須為不確指的名詞，帶有冠詞，數(shù)

詞，不定代詞或指示代詞Acousinofmyfather's.

3.雙重所有格Tomisafriendofmybrother's整體中的一部分

4.中心詞picture,painting,photo等雙重所有格's指收藏的；用of表示某人自己的照片，畫

注：①、并列名詞表各自所屬：Lucy'sanglily'sbedrooms.

②、共同所屬，最后加's:Lucyandlily'sbedroom.

③、名詞有共同位語，只在同位語后加：Myyoungerbrother,John9.

④、表店鋪、某人的家、診所、餐館等，名詞可省略：atthedoctors

例子：

1.Theyarefrom___.They're___.

a.Germany;Germansb.Germans;Germany

c.German;Germanyd.Germans;Germen

2.A11the___teachersenjoysthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.

a.manb.menc.womand.women

3.I'mhungry.Canyougiveme_?

a.somescliceofbreadb.someslicesofbreadc.somebreadd.somebreads

3.Ourschoolisjusttenwalkfrommyhome.

a.minute'sb.minutes9c.minuted.minutes

4.PeopleinAmericaeatmuch___.

a.coffeeb.onionsc.beefd.icedwater

練習：

1.Myparentsdon'tallowmetoeat.

Inevereatany.Becausetheyarejunkfood.

a.fruitsb.noodlesc.hamburgersd.vegetables

2.1hearyouhavetogetupearlyeverymorning.

Right.It'soneoftheinmyfamily.

a.plansb.ordersc.rulesd.suggestions

3.Whosekeyisthis?

Isit___?Sheislookingforitontheplayground.

a.Tom'sb.Kate'sc.Tomd.Kate

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4.1havetospeaktomygrandmaloudlybecausesomethingiswrongwithher_.

a.eyesb.earsc.legsd.hands

5.Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya_springholidayeachyear.

a.ten-dayb.tendayc.tenday'sd.ten-day

6.Therearefour__andtwoatthe___.

a.Johns;Marys;doctorsb.Johns;Marys;doctoer'sc.John's;Mary's;doctor'sd.John;Mary;doctor9s

7.Aftermovingtotheirnewhouse,theLeesboughtsomeinthemallnearby,

a.fumitureb.chairc.tabled.shelf

8.Doyoulikelisteningto"themoonlightsonata"?

Yes.Listeningtoismyfavorite.

a.Newsb.storiesc.reportsd.music

9.Isawmany__abouttheearthquakeinWenchuanontheInternet.Theytoldusalotofstoriesabout

the.

a.photos;herosb.photos;heroesc.photos;herod.photos;heros

10.Wehaveno__inthefridge.Lefsgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.

a.vegetablesb.eggsc.meald.fruit

11."Excuseme,areyou?”

“No,weare.”

a.American,Englishmanb.American,Germansc.American,Germend.Englishman,Americans

12.fathersmadethemhavepianolessons.

A.PeterandAnn'sB.Peter'sandAnn'sC.Peter'sandAnnD.PeterandAnn

13.WhatcanIdoforyou?

rdliketwo.

a.boxofappleb.boxesofapplesc.boxofapplesd.boxesofapple

14—Howmanywouldyoulike?

一Two,please.

A.cupsofteaB.cupofteasC.cupsofteasD.cupoftea

15.Jackisagoodfriend,heoftencomestoourhomeforavisit.

A.ofmyfatherB.ofmyfathersC.formyfatherD.withmyfather

16.1amverythirsty,wouldyouliketopassmesome?

Sure,Hereyouare.

A.breadB.riceC.chickensD.orange

17.ismadeof.

a.Glass;glassb.Aglass;glassc.Glasses;glassesd.Aglass;glasses

18.Arethose?

a.sheep;cowsb.sheep;cowc.sheeps;cowd.sheeps;cows

19.Thatbusdriverdranktwo__.

a.glassofwaterb.glassesofwatersc.cupsoftead.cupoftea

20.Helpyourselftosome.

Thankyou,Ireallylikethem.

a.fishb.orangec.breadd.cakes

21.Twodiedofcoldlastyear.

a.hundredsoldpeopleb.hundredoldpeoplec.hundredsoldpeopled.hundredoldpeoples

22.Myunclehasthree(child).

23.Allthe(boxes)arefullofapples.

24.Wouldyougetmesome(paper),please?

25.1havesome(photo)ofmyfriendJim.

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二、數(shù)詞

數(shù)詞可分為基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞

I、基數(shù)詞

1、位于another,all之后Canyougivemeanothertwodags?

2、位于such,more之前Youcanfinishreadingtwosuchbooksinfourdays.

基數(shù)詞：1到12,單獨記憶；13到19,相同后綴teen;20到90,相同后綴ty;billion,million,thousand

十位與百位間加and;百位與千位間不加and;以ty結尾，十位和個位間用eighty-nine

具體數(shù)字后，不加s和of:twomillion

幾百，幾千，幾萬等，加s和of:millionsof

特例：Twothousandofthestudentsintheschoolarewatchingamovie.

n、序數(shù)詞

⑴.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞

第一，二，三特殊t己:first,secondJhird

逢ve-f再加th:fifth,twelve

八沒t,九沒e：eighth,ninth

逢十把y-ie,再加一th：twentieth,fortieth

第幾十幾只須變個位：twenty-first

一般為一th:sixth

一般前面用the,若有a/an,則表“又一，再一“We41tryitasecondtime.

若前有物主代詞就不加theHerfirsttriptoHainan

①.用“幾十”復數(shù)，表年齡：Thirties三十多歲；Teens表十幾歲

②用“幾十”復數(shù)，表年代：1990s二十世紀九十年代

當基數(shù)詞用作名詞或一些固定組中時，數(shù)詞用復數(shù)

Howmanyfoursarethereinthetwenty?

⑵.分數(shù)

①.分子大于1，分母用序數(shù)詞復數(shù)：Onethird1/3twothirds=two-thirds2/3

☆連接符連接數(shù)詞，名詞;有數(shù)詞和其他名詞構成名詞性短語

名詞用單數(shù)形式，作定語：Tendays=ten-dayten-dayholidy

Ahalf=a/onesecond1/2

A/onequarter=onefourth1/4

②.帶分數(shù)：整數(shù)and分數(shù)：2三twoandthreefourths

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③.一個分數(shù)或分數(shù)+。計名詞作主語時，謂語動詞與其一致

Onethirdofthefoodhasbeenwasted.

⑶小數(shù)0.04zeropointzerofour

（4）.百分數(shù)0.35%zeropointthreefiveprecent50%fiftyhundredths=fiftypercent

⑸.年、月、日：日用序數(shù)詞，年最后，用“，”隔開in2010讀作intwentyten;onDecember25th,2010

若先日后月，月前加of,

（6）.時刻：①.6:00sixo9clock

②.W半小時，用pasttwentypastsix

③.>半小時，用totwentytosix

④.24小時制twenty-two,twenty-five22:25

（7）.編號thetenthlesson=lessontenthefirstpart=partoneRoom401讀作roomfburoone

⑻.倍數(shù)三倍以上times兩倍twice

倍數(shù)：a,主語+謂語+倍數(shù)（分數(shù)）+as+adj.+as

b.s+v+倍數(shù)（分數(shù)）+thesize（amout,length）of

5

c,s+v+倍數(shù)(分數(shù))+a4j.(adv.)比較級+than

d,by+倍數(shù)，表增加多少倍

⑼.算式2+3：twoplusthree

7—2:sevenminustwo

6X5:sixmultipliedbyfive

244-6:twenty-fourdividedbysix

3:2:theratioofthreetotwo

22:twosquard23:twocubedx3:thefourthpowerofx

例子：

1.Howmuchdoesitcosttobuildtheschoollibrary?

Fouryuan.

a.millionofb.millionsofc.millionsd.million

2.ShanghaihasopeneditsTVchannelthatsendsprogramsinforeignlanguages.

Great!IcanimprovemyEnglishoverit.

a.firstb.afirstc.thefirst

3.Johnbegantomakealivingbyhimself.

a.inhisthirtyb.inhisthirtiesc.inthethirtyd.inthethirties

4.Whereistheheadteachter?

Maybeheisin.

a.tworoomb.thetworoomc.roomstwod.roomtwo

5.Aboutoftheworkersinthefactorywerebominthe.

a.twothirds;1970b.twothirds;1970sc.twothird;1970d.twothird;1970s

練習：

1.Todayismymother'sbirthday.Iwillbuyheragift.

a.fourteenb.fourteenthc.fortyd.fbrtieth

2.soldiersanddoctorshavebeeninWenchuantohelpthepeoplethere.

a.Thousandofb.Twothousandsc.Thousandsofd.Twothousandsof

3.Wedon'thaveenoughnursestolookafterthepatients.Atleastareneeded.

a.tenanothernursesb.moretennursesc.othertennursesd.anothertennurses

4.Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.Andofusareboys.

Wow!Youhavefortygirls!

a.onefourthb.onethirdc.twofifthsd.twothirds

5.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof_.

a.lessonelevenb.thelessonelevenc.lessoneleventhd.eleventhlesson

6.ThesunfamilyhadavisittoCanadalastmonth.

a.tendaysb.tendayc.ten-daysd.ten-day

7.Theletterintheword“develop"is"v".

A.secondb.thirdc.fifthd.three

8.Howoldisyourdaughter?

---.Wehadaspecialpartyforher___birthdaylastweek.

a.Ninth;ninthb.Nine;ninec.Ninth;nined.Nine;ninth

9.TomwastogettoschoolandIwas.

a.first;ninthb.afirst;aninthc.thefirst;theninthd.thesecond;thenineth

lO.Pleaseturnto___.Lefsreadthetextaloud.

a.pagetwob.thepagetwoc.secondpaged.pagesecond

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三、代詞

I、人稱代詞

單數(shù)復數(shù)

主格賓格主格賓格

第一人稱ImeweUS

第二人稱youyouyouyou

hehim

第三人稱shehertheythem

itit

1.人稱代詞順序：單數(shù)you,heJ;復數(shù)we,you,they

2.It的用法：

①無人稱動詞的主語：表天氣、時間、距離、日期等StrainscontinuallyinNaijinginApirl.

②作先行詞，引導非謂語動詞或從句：Itisgoodhabittodomorningexercises.

Hetookitforgrantedtoaskforhelpfromhisfriend.

③慣用it作主語：Itseemedthathedidit.

④指代嬰兒或不明身份的人；指代無生命的動詞

⑤指代上文內容

⑥形式賓語

it句型:

①it'snogood/usedoingsth

②itbe+被強調部分+that從句ItisLeiFengthatwasalwaysreadytohelpothers.

(3)itseemsthatItseemsthatthelittleboydosen'tlikethetoy.

④it'sone'sturntodoIfsmyturntofeedthebirdtoday.

⑤it'stimetodo/for/thatIt'stimefordinner.

@ifs+adj.+for/ofsb.+不定式

II、物主代詞

第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱

形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性

hishis

單數(shù)mymineyouryoursherhers

itsits

復數(shù)ouroursyouryourstheirtheirs

名詞性物主代詞常與of連用作定語：afriendofmineahatofhers

形容詞性物主代詞接own之后，可跟名詞，也可不跟myownbike=abikeofmyown

IIK反身代詞

單數(shù)復數(shù)

第一人稱myselfourselves

第二人稱yourselfyourselves

第三人稱himself,herself,itselfthemselves

固定搭配：teachoneself自學；enjoyoneself玩得高興；helponeself(to)隨便吃些...吧

leaveonebyoneself把某人單獨留下；saytooneself自言自語；learn..byoneself自學…

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IV、指示代詞

This,that代單數(shù)；ThisisanEnglishdictionary,thatisaFrenchone.

This,these指離說話人所在地較近處或時間

That,those指離說話人所在地較遠處或時間;TheweatherinKunmingisbetterthaninChangchun.

Such表“如此，這樣的人或物”;such+a(an)+形容詞+名詞Ihaveneverseensuchafinedictionary.

Same表”同樣的人或物”；前面必須加theThesametoyou!Theyarenotinthesameclass.

V、不定代詞

復合不定代詞不可數(shù):

Some-Any-No-Every-

SomeoneanyoneNooneeveryone

某人任何人無一人每人，大家

somebodyanybodynobodyeverybody

某人任何人無一人每人，大家

somethinganythingnothingeverything

某事，某物任何事物無一物每一個事物，一切

①Some及其復合詞，一般用于電定句；Any及其復合詞，用于否定句和疑問句

②No,noone,nobody,nothing,表示否定意義

Noonewaskindertomethanmymother.

③One代可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)用ones；one與前面出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)名詞同一類但是不同一個

④None“沒有任何（人/物）“noneof復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞

⑤Both兩者都；A11三者或三者以上，或泛指一切

⑥Each兩者或以上，側重于個別；Every三者或三者以上，側重于全體

⑦Other表“其他的，別的”只作定語，一般修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)

Theother特指另一部,指代單數(shù)名詞

Others表“另一些，別的（人或物）"=other+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，不能作定語

Theothers表"剩下的，其余的“，除此之外的全部人或物；=theother+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)

Another不定數(shù)目的“另一個，類似的一個”，代單數(shù)名詞；后有基數(shù)詞或few,

可接復數(shù)名詞anotherfewchairs

⑧Either兩者中任一；Neither兩者中無一，具有否定意義

⑨Most指“大部分，大多數(shù)”

⑩Few,little"幾乎，一點沒有”，具有否定意義

主格和賓格所有格

兩者each,othereach,other's

互相彼此的

兩個以上one,antherone,another9s

△▲

Onetheother

△

Oneanother

△▲▲▲▲

Onetheothers

△△△△…

Someothers

▲▲▲▲

Sometheothers

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VI、相互代詞

Eachother和oneanother通?！癳achother”指兩者之間的“互相”,

oneanother指兩者以上的人或事物的相互關系

Thetwogirlsoftenhelpeachotherintheirlessons.

Theboysinthisclassliketobullyoneanother.

vn、關系代詞

Who;whom;whose;that;which

Who;whom;whose引導定語從句時，其先行詞必須是人。

Thisisthedoctorwhocamehereyesterday.

That引導定語從句，其先行詞既可指人，也可指物;which引導的定語從句，只能用來指物

Themanthatisstandingbythedoorisherbrother.

vm、疑問代詞

What表“什么，什么職業(yè)"等Whafsyourfather?

whatdate;whatprice;whattemperature;whatnumber;whatsize…等

Who,whom,whose

Which有幾種事物中挑選一個提問時用which,后面必須緊跟一個名詞

Whichcolordoyoulikebetter,whiteorred?

例子：

1.Twoeveningpapers,please!

--Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave___,sir?

a.oneb.bitc.thisd.that

2.IamCindyBrown.Youcancall___Cindy.

a.usb.himc.herd.me

3.MayIborrowyourdictionary,Jim?

Oh,sorry.Itisn't___.

a.hisb.hersc.myd.mine

4.“Havetry,youaresoclosetotheanswer,"theteachersaidtoEric.

a.theotherb.oneanotherc.otherd.another

5.Shehaswrittenalotofbooks,butaregoodones.

a.anyb.somec.fewd.many

6.1havetwoboxes.Oneisbig,issmall.

a.anotherb.othersc.otherd.theother

6.TheShuteshaven'tdecidedtogothereforafieldtripthisweekend,

a.howb.whyc.whered.what

1.---didyoubuyformomforMother9sDay?

一Someflowers.

a.Howb.Wherec.Whend.What

練習：

1.Betty,help___tosomesoup.

Thanksalot.

a.youb.yourc.yourselfd.yours

2.Isthere__intoday'snewspaper?

Yes,ourNationalTableTennisTeamwonallthesevengoldmedalsoncemore.

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A.somethingnewb.anythingnewc.somebodyspeciald.anybodyspecial

3.IfindeasytoteachEnglish.Heisveryclever.

a.it;himb.it;hisc.that;himd.that;his

4.一Doyouknowthegirlbetween___?

Yes,she'smypenpalfromAustralia.

a.heandmeb.himandIc.himandmed.heandI

5.Readingcanincreaseyourwords.Whenyouread,youwillfindwordsrepeat(重復)andbuild

upyourvocabularyquickly.

a.ourselvesB.itselfC.themselvesD.himself

6.Doesknowtheanswertothequestion?

Me.

A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody

7.YouspeakEnglishverywell.YoumusthaveagoodEnglishteacher.

Butnoonetaughtme.Ilearneditallby.

A.meB.IC.mineD.myself

8.一Again,mycomputerdoesn'twork.

___mustbesomethingwrongwiththeCPU.

a.Thereb.Thatc.Itd.This

9.一Father'sdayiscoming.Whatwillyoudoforfather?

rilsend__acard.

a.himb.herc.med.you

10.1saw__playinginthestreetatthattime.

a.themb.theyc.theird.theirs

11.Jimwillgive__ashorttalktomorrow.

a.web.usc.ourd.ours

12.wassummeranditwasveryhot.

a.Sheb.Hec.Itd.This

13.hashappenedanddidit?

a.Who;whob.What;whoc.What;whatd.Who;what

14.Thebottleisempty.Thereis__init.

a.anythingb.somethingc.nothingd.everything

15.Thefilmisn'tinteresting.peoplelikeit.

a.Fewb.Alittlec.Afewd.Little

16.Thafswewanttosay.

a.whenb.whoc.howd.what

17.Tomandwillgotoseeourteacher,forisill.

a.I;sheb.me;shec.I;herd.me;her

18.Thisbluesuitlooksbetterthanthatgreen.

a./b.onec.suitsd.ones

19.Wouldyoulikemorecoflee?

a.littleb.anyc.somed.another

20.He'sagoodfriendof(she).

21.Sheisastallas(she)father.

22.Wewant(they)tohelpus.

23.Tominvited(we)todinner.

24.Let(we)help(you)with(your)English.

25.Thesebooksareveryimportantto(I).

io

四、冠詞

I＞不定冠詞a/an,輔音音素前用a;元音音素前用an

L指人或事物的某一類Aknifeisatoolforcuttingwith.

2.相當于one,表示“一個“，但不如one強烈Hewillbebackinadayortwo.

3.相當于acertain,onelike,指某人或某物，但不具體說明AMr.lingiswaitingforyou.

4?相當于any,表示種類Atrianglehasthreeangles.

5?相當于every或per，表示“每"Thecarisrunning50milesanhour.

6.用于最高級前，無比較含義Thisisamostusefulbook.=Thisisaveryusefulbook.

7?用于序數(shù)詞前，表“再一，又一"Pleasegivemeasecondchance.

8?詞組haveacoldalongtimeinaword總而言之

II、定冠詞the

1.特指某些人或事物BeijingisthecapitalofChina.

2.談話雙方都知道的人或事物Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?

3.指上文提到過的人或事Isawagirl.Thegirliscrying.

4.世上獨一無二的人或事Themoongoesaroundtheearth.

5.單獨名詞前表示一類人或物Thehorseisausefulanimal.

6.形容詞最高級前Whoisthetalleststudenthere?

7.形容詞前表示一類人或物Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.

8.形容詞前表某種抽象概念Thebeautifulneverdies.

9.有些專有名詞前：江河、湖海、山脈、沙漠、島、雜志、建筑等theYellowRivertheGreatWall

10.序數(shù)詞前thefirst

11.姓氏的復數(shù)前表示一家人TheTurnersarewatchingTV.

12?樂器前playthepiano

13?方位名詞前TheislandtotheeastofJapan

14.用于含有普通名詞的專有名詞thePeople'sRepublicofChinatheSummerPalace頤和園

15.在“動詞+某人+介詞+定冠詞+人體某一部分”，習慣上用theIhithimonthenose.

16.固定詞組：intheendallthetime

III、零冠詞

1?表地名、國名，人名的專有名詞前England；China;Mary;Beijing;room321

2.泛指的復數(shù)名詞，表示一類人或物Theyareteachers.

3.抽象名詞Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

4.物質名詞表示一般概念時Mancan'tlivewithoutwater.

5.季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)目、假日、日期、星期前March8isWomensDay

6.稱呼、官銜、職位、學科、語言的名詞前Theymadehimmonitor.WehaveChinese,Maths.

7.三餐、球類、娛樂playchessplayfootballhavebreakfast

但三餐前有形容詞或特指，可用Weenjoyedthelunchyouofferedverymuch.

8.兩個/兩個以上名詞并用Ican'twritewithoutpenorpencil.

9.By+交通工具bybus

10.gotohospital去看病gotothehospital去醫(yī)院atschool在上學attheschool在學校

類似的還有attable在進餐atthetable在桌子旁atsea在航海atthesea在海邊

IV、不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞

1.已有物主代詞或this,that,any,every,some,no及these,thosemyfirstclass

2?作副詞Hecamefirstintherace.

3.在固定詞組中firstofall

n

V、冠詞位置

1.名詞或名詞性短語的最前面aprettyboy

2.Such/half7many+a/an+(adj.)+n.

3.So/too+adj.+a/an+n

4.All/both/double/threetimes等后，名詞前

5.Quite,rather于單數(shù)名詞連用，不定冠詞放在其后；若名詞有形容詞修飾，不定代詞前后均可

Quiteastrongteamoraquitestrongteam

例子：

1.Myfatherisengineer.Heworksveryhard.

a.ab.anc.thed./

2.TheWarlordsis_mostwonderfulmovieIhaveeverseenandIexpecttoseeitfor__secondtime.

A.the;ab.the;thec.a;thed.a;a

3.Look,walkmanthatIboughtlastyearisn'tworkingproperly.

a.ab.anc.thed./

4.Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

a.Byabikeb.Onfeetc.Bythecard.Bybus

練習：

1.Who'syoungmanwithlonghair?

He6safriendofmine.

a.ab.thec.and.his

2.youngestleaderinourschoolismancalledJohnson.

a.The;ab.A;thec.A;ad.An;an

3.Onsunnyafternoon,myparentsandIhadagoodtimeonthebeach.

a.theb.anc.ad./

4.一Whatwouldyoulikeforbreakfast,Mr.Green?

一Twopiecesofbreadandcupoftea,please.

A.a;ab.a;thec./;ad./;the

5.Heusuallygoesto_workby___bike.

a./;theb,the;thec,/;/d,a;a

6.earthweliveonisbiggerthan_moon.

a.The,ab.The,thec.An,ad.An,the

7.Father'sDayiscoming.IfsonthirdSundayinJune.

a.ab.anc.thed./

8.---WhatshouldIbuyforTom'sbirthday?

Howaboutcamera?Helovestakingphotos.

a.ab.anc.thed./

2.---Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink,Betty?

-Yes,cupofcoflee,pleaseo

A.ab.anc.thed./

9.Tomishonestboy.Henevertellslies.

10.richwishtobericher,and___poorfeartobepoorer.

11.Thereisbookinherhand.

12.Hehastriedtwice,andheisaskedtohave__thirdtry.

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五、連詞

㈠并列連詞

（1）表轉折關系的But（但是）；while（而，然而）；yet（可是）

Heisshort,whilehisbrotheristall.

（2）表因果關系的So（所以）Itwaslate,soIwenthome.

For（因為）Itismorning,forthebirdsaresinging.

表選擇關系的：either...or...（或者…或者...）;ratherthan（而不，也不）,or

Ora.或

b.祈使句+or為“否則"Studyhard,oryouwillfail

c.否定句中，名詞/代詞+or+名詞/代詞，與or后面的名詞/代詞一致

orelse（否則）;otherwise（要不然）

Hewentratherthanstayedasanunwelcome.

（3）表聯(lián)合關系的:Notonly...butalso;aswellas;both...and...;neither...nor...

Anda.表示和，且在肯定句中

b.祈使句+andand為“那么”之意Studyhard,andyouwillsucceed

c.形容詞/副詞and形容詞/副詞意為“漸漸"againandagain

名詞+and+名詞表同一種事或同一人時，用動詞單數(shù)Thesingeranddancerhascome.

Both:a.Bothyouandsheareright動詞用復數(shù)

b.Boththeanswersarerightboth“兩個都”

Both...and...用于否定句，表示部分否定

Either+單（動），名詞單

Eitherof+名詞復數(shù)Youmayeitherofthehats.

Eitheryouorhehastogo.=Eitherheoryouhavetogo.

Neither（of）+名詞復數(shù)，動詞單neitheror...就近一致

㈡從屬連詞

⑴連接主語從句、表語從句與賓語從句that;if;whether

Whether（是否）和If（是否）引導賓語從句

只用whether①與動詞不定式連用；②與or（not）連用

Askherifshewillcomewithme.

⑵引導狀語從句

①接時間狀語：since,until,after,before,when,while,assoonas,whenever

riltellyouassoonasIknow.

②接地點狀語：where,whereverSitwhereveryoulike.

③接讓步狀語：although,though,evenif,however

Althoughshewastired,shekeptonworking.

④接原因狀語：as,because?since,nowthat

⑤接目的狀語：that,sothat,inorderthat

⑥接條件狀語：i￡unless,once,incause

⑦接結果狀語：so...that,such...that

⑧接比較狀語：as...as...,notso...as...,less（more）...than,the...the...

ThisismorethanIcanaccept.

⑨接方式狀語：as,asi￡asthough

辨析：

LWhen表兩個動作一先一后地進行，可指時間的某一個點，可表一段時間。

13

有時可表兩個連續(xù)的動作，相當于assoonas（一...就...）;還可表可是、然而。

While同時，表兩個動作同時進行，不能表時間的某一點

Assoonas表兩個連續(xù)進行的動作

Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.

HefellasleepwhilehewasdoinghisEnglishexercises.

Assoonasthebellrang,thestudentswentintotheirclassroom.

2.Because表原因和理由，強調直接原因和因果

For表間接原因和理由，或對主句中事實的解釋

Since表原因時比because弱，比as強，表一種已知的、顯然的理由。作"既然"，常放在句首

As表原因時意義最弱

Sinceyouareallhere,lefsbeginanewlesson.

Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.

We'dbetterburryasitisgettinglate.

Iaskedhertostaytea,forIhavesomethingtotellher.

例子：

1.Iamreallysorry.Ican'tgoswimmingwithyouthisSunday.

IfsOK.Wecangotogethernexttime.

a.sob.andc.ord.but

2.Remembertoreturnthebooktoschoollibraryontime,youwillbefined.

A.orb.andc.butd.then

3.Lindatriedtobecomeanexcellentteacheratlastshesucceeded.

a.sob.orc.butd.and

4.IhearyourgrandpayourgrandmalikewatchingMinOpera.

A.both;andb.either;orc.neither;nord.notonly;butalso

5.Theworkershavedecidedtofinis