2018-英語北師大版必修5導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit13PeriodOne

AnartistinOakland，Californiaisusinghisskillstohelpthehomeless.GregKloehnbuildsverysmallsheltersthatmakelifeonthestreetsalittlemorefortable.Thestructuresofferthehomelesssomesafetyandprotectionfrombadweather.Eachlittlehousealsohaswheelsonthebottomsoitcangowhereveritsownergoes.GregKloehnhasgivenawayatleast20tinyhouses.Severalareontheroadsidenearanactiverailroad.Onarecentday，MrKloehnstopsatonetovisitOscarYoung.Thetwomenhug.InsidehislittleshelterMrYounggetsrelieffromcoldnightsonthestreets.MrKloehnalsovisitsSweetPea，anotherfriendwhoalsolivesinoneofthelittlehomestheartistbuilt.Shesaysitkeepshersafeandprotectsherbelongings.Inthemornings，MrKloehnsearchesthestreetsforbuildingmaterials.Hegatherswhathecanandtakesittohisstudio.There，heputsthehousestogether.Emptycoffeebagsbeeroofmaterial.Awashingmachinedoorandrefrigeratorpartbeewindows.Nails，screwsandthestickyglueholdallthepiecestogether.Theartistalsoattachesasmallelectricaldevice(設(shè)備)tothehouse.Thedeviceispoweredbythesun.Someofthepeoplelivingonthestreetsoncehadnormalhousesoftheirown.Butsomeofthepeoplesaytheyhavelearnedtolivewithlessandtheyarethankfultothatman.MrKloehnsayshisworkisnotasocialproject.Hesaysheisjustsomeoneusinghisskillstohelphishomelessneighbors.根據(jù)短文判斷正(T)誤(F)1．GregKloehnbuildsverysmallsheltersinordertomakemoremoney.(F)2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatanactofkindnesshasmadepeoplefortableandgrateful.(T)PeriodOneWarmup&Lesson1EQ：IQⅠ.重點單詞1．facialadj.面部的2．expressionn．表情；詞語expressv．表達3．connectionn．聯(lián)系；連接connectv．聯(lián)系；連接4．giftedadj.有天賦的giftn．禮物；天賦5．a(chǎn)ccuratelyadv.精確地；準確地accurateadj.精確的6．a(chǎn)cademicadj.學(xué)術(shù)的7．predictvt.預(yù)言；預(yù)測predictionn．預(yù)言8．deservevt.應(yīng)得；值得9．failuren．失敗failvi.失敗10．mistakenadj.錯誤的mistakevt.&n．錯誤；弄混11．a(chǎn)ssociationn．聯(lián)想；協(xié)會associatevt.聯(lián)想12．possibilityn．可能性possibleadj.可能的13．disabilityn．殘疾；無能力disabledadj.殘疾的14．entirelyadv.完全地entireadj.完全的15．a(chǎn)ccusevt.控告，譴責Ⅱ.重點短語1．eupwith想出；拿出(解決方案等)2．drawup起草3．ontheotherhand另一方面4．getonwith與……相處5．dealwith對付；處理6．intermsof在……方面；就……而言7．bewillingto樂意8．reactto反應(yīng)Ⅲ.重點句式1．evenif/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Eveniftheyneverseetheirresults，theyfeelthattheirIQiswhatdetermineshowwelltheyaregoingtodoinlife.即使永遠看不到自己的測驗結(jié)果，他們?nèi)匀桓械阶约旱闹巧虥Q定了他們將來在生活中的發(fā)展狀況。2．that引導(dǎo)賓語從句(第二個that不可省略)Whentheyseeotherstudentsdoingbetterthanthem，theyusuallybelievethatthosestudentshaveahigherIQandthatthereisnothingtheycandotochangefacts.當看到其他學(xué)生比他們做得出色時，他們通常認為那些學(xué)生擁有更高的智商，而自己卻無法改變事實。3．while作并列連詞WhileyourIQtellsyouhowintelligentyouare，yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.你的智商表明你的聰明程度，而你的情商告訴你怎樣能很好地利用自己的聰明才智。4．Itisbelievedthat...人們相信……ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人們普遍相信，擁有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且對人生有著積極的態(tài)度。5．beas＋adj.；ifnot＋比較級＋than...即使不比……，至少也和……一樣……TheresultsofstudiessuchastheseshowthatEQisasimportant，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.像這樣的研究結(jié)果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也與智商同樣重要。Ⅰ.課文判斷正(T)誤(F)1．It’ssaidthatEQgetsyouhiredatwork.(F)2．EQisnottheoppositeofIQ.(T)3．ProfessorSaloveymaythinkaperson’sIQcouldberaised.(T)4．Peoplewhocanbetteradapttotheenvironmentaremorelikelytosurviveandsucceedinlife.(T)5．PeoplewithhighEQsareeasilytroubledbyobstacles.(F)6．PessimistsdifferfromoptimistsinEQ.(T)Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．AccordingtoProfessorSalovey，whatfactormattersthemostinpredictingwhetherapersonwillbesuccessfulornot?A．Howapersontestshis/herbrainpower.B．Aperson’scharacter.C．Howsmartapersonis.D．Aperson’sIQ.答案B2．Thefourthparagraphtellsusthat.A．peoplewhohaveahighIQalwayshaveahighEQB．EQistheoppositeofIQC．peoplewhohavealowEQtendtohaveahardlifeD．peoplewhohaveahighEQalwayshaveahighIQ答案C3．WhatdidProfessorMayerfindfromhisstudyofnormalstudentsbeingintroducedtosomedisabledones?A．Thedisabledstudentsbecamemorepositiveandmoreeagertotrynewthings.B．Therewasnochangeinthenormalstudents.C．Thedisabledstudentsweremorewillingtohelpothers.D．Studentswithdisabilitieswerenotopenintryingnewthings.答案A4．Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitudetowardsEQandIQ?A．IQismorehelpfultopeoplethanEQ.B．IQcanberaisedbyunderstandingandmunication.C．EQcangetpeoplehired.D．AhighEQisofgreatbenefitingettingpeoplepromoted.答案D5．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．theroleplayedbyIQB．theroleplayedbyEQC．theresearchesdonebyProfessorsSaloveyandMayerD．thesuccessinone’scareer答案BⅢ.課文難句分析1．Atwork，itisIQthatgetsyouhiredbutitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.[句式分析]本句是一個由but連接的并列句，atwork是狀語；but前后的并列句都是強調(diào)句型：itis...that...。[自主翻譯]在工作上，是智商使你被錄用，但使你得到提升的卻是情商。2．Supportedbyhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess，theircharacter，asmeasuredbyEQtests，mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.[句式分析]句首的過去分詞短語Supportedbyhisacademicresearch作狀語；thatwhen...theirIQ是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其中whenpredicting...success作時間狀語，asmeasuredbyEQtests作方式狀語。[自主翻譯]薩洛維教授以自己的學(xué)術(shù)研究作為依據(jù)，認為預(yù)測一個人未來的成功，其性格(可用EQ來測量)實際上比其智力(可用IQ測量)的作用更為重要。重點詞匯1．YouareagiftedstudentwhoalwaysgetsAsinexams，butyouhavejustfoundoutyougotaCinarecenttest.你是一個有天賦的學(xué)生，考試經(jīng)常得A，但在最近的一次考試中，你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己只得了C。(1)giftedadj.有天賦的begiftedin/at在……方面有天賦begiftedwith(天生)具有……(2)giftn．天賦；禮物haveagiftfor對……有天賦(1)Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic；heisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.布雷恩在創(chuàng)作音樂上極有天賦，他很有可能成為一個像貝多芬那樣的人。(2)Beforetheschoolyearended，Igavethekidsaspecialgift.在學(xué)年結(jié)束前我給了孩子們一個特別的禮物。(2017·全國Ⅱ)[介詞填空](3)Shewasgiftedwithacharmingsmile.(4)Hehasagiftforwritingsongs.2．Analyseyourproblemsandeupwithaplantoimproveyourgrade.分析你的問題并想出一個計劃來提高你的成績。eupwith想出；提出；趕上；超過eabout發(fā)生eacross偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；偶遇eon快點；演出eout開花；出版eup走近；被提出注意：eupwith是及物動詞短語，主語一般是人；eup是不及物動詞短語，無被動語態(tài)。(1)Icameupwithhiminthelastround.我在最后一圈追上了他。(2)Icameacrosssomeoldphotosunderthebedtheotherday.不久前的一天我在床底下偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些老照片。(3)Howdiditeaboutthathewaslateforsuchanimportantmeeting?那么重要的會議他怎么會遲到呢？(4)Itissaidthathernewalbumwilleoutnextmonth.據(jù)說她的新專輯將在下個月發(fā)行。(5)Somethingunexpectedcameupatthemeetingthatday.那天會上出現(xiàn)了意想不到的事情。[單句改錯](6)Somegoodsolutionswereeupeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(with))byanoldmanyesterday.3．Drawupanagendaanddiscussitwiththegroup.起草一份議程表，并與小組成員進行討論。drawup擬定，制定，起草；車輛到達某處停下drawback收回；退卻；撤回，取消建議、計劃、諾言等drawnear/close靠近drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意力(1)Thecabdrewupoutsidethehouse.出租車在房子外面停了下來。(2)Atthesightofthesnake，hedrewback，fulloffear.一看到蛇，他便驚恐地向后退。(3)Whenwedrewnear/close，Inoticedthatthefrontdoorwasopen.當我們走近一些時，我看到前門開著。(4)Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhenabirddrewmyattention.我在街上正走著，這時一只鳥吸引了我的注意力。[單句改錯](5)Theconclusioneq\f(drawing,drawn)fromthesefactsdidn’tmakesense.4．Supportedbyhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess，theircharacter，asmeasuredbyEQtests，mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.薩洛維教授以自己的學(xué)術(shù)研究作為依據(jù)，認為預(yù)測一個人未來的成功，其性格(可用EQ來衡量)實際上比其智力(可用IQ測量)的作用更為重要。(1)predictvt.預(yù)言，預(yù)測predict＋sth./that...預(yù)言……Itispredictedthat...據(jù)預(yù)測……(2)predictionn．預(yù)報；預(yù)言makeaprediction作出預(yù)測(1)Itispredictedthataheavyrainisontheway.據(jù)預(yù)測，要下一場大雨了。(2)Notmanypeopleagreewiththegovernment’sprediction(predict)thattheeconomywillimprove.沒有多少人贊同政府認為經(jīng)濟會改善的預(yù)測。[一句多譯](3)這個年輕的護士預(yù)言她會嫁給一名醫(yī)生。①Theyoungnursepredictedthatshewouldmarryadoctor.(predict)②Theyoungnursemadeapredictionthatshewouldmarryadoctor.(prediction)5．Forexample，haveyoueverwonderedwhysomeofthesmarteststudentsinyourclass，whoyouthinkdeservegoodgrades，sometimesendupfailingexams?例如，你想過為什么班里有些你認為應(yīng)該得到高分數(shù)的最聰明的學(xué)生，有時會考不及格呢？deservevt.應(yīng)得；值得；應(yīng)受deserve＋n./pron./todo值得……，應(yīng)得……deservedoing＝deservetobedone值得被做deserveconsideration/attention值得考慮/注意注意：和deserve用法相似的詞有need，require，want等，其后面的v.ing形式用主動形式表示被動意義。此時v.ing形式可用不定式的被動式替換。(1)IworkhardandIthinkIdeservepayingwell/tobewellpaid.我工作努力，我認為我該領(lǐng)到高工資。[句型轉(zhuǎn)換](2)Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishment.→Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishing.→Ifyoudowrong，youdeservetobepunished.endupdoing...結(jié)果是……；以……告終endupwith以……結(jié)束后接表示具體事物的名詞endupin以……結(jié)束后接表抽象概念的名詞endupas...最終變成……(3)Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.在宴會上，通常開始的是湯，最后是水果。(4)Evenasuccessfulinventormakesmanyexperimentsthatendupinfailure.即使是成功的發(fā)明家也有許多以失敗告終的實驗。(5)Hehadalwayswantedtobeawriterbutendedupasateacher.他立志當作家，結(jié)果卻當了老師。[單句改錯](6)Atfirsttheyhatedeachother，buttheyendedupeq\f(bee,being)goodfriends.6．PerhapstheirfailureisbecauseoftheirlowEQ.可能他們的失敗是由于他們的低情商。(1)failuren．失??；失敗者；不足；破產(chǎn)注意：failure作不可數(shù)名詞時，意思是“失敗”；作可數(shù)名詞時，意思是“失敗的人或事”。(2)failvi.失敗failinsth.在某事上失敗failtodosth.未能做成某事(1)Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpshapeyouryearahead.到了年底，快速回顧一下自己的成功和失??；這會有助于你為未來的一年做好規(guī)劃。(2017·江蘇)(2)Hefelthewouldbefailinginhisdutyifhedidnotreportit.他認為如果他不報告這件事就是失職。(3)Ifailtosee(see)whyyouwon’tevengiveitatry.我不懂你為什么連試一試都不愿意。[單句改錯](4)Thelittletramp，whohasrushedtoAlaskainsearchofgold，isasocialfailurewithouta\success.7．Somearetryingtostudythepossibilityofimprovingaperson’sEQ，especiallyintermsof“peopleskills”，suchasunderstandingandmunication.有些(科學(xué)家)正在嘗試研究改善一個人的EQ的可能性，特別是在“人際方面”，例如理解能力和交際能力。intermsof談及，就……而言；在……方面inthelong/shortterm從長遠/短期看etotermswith...與……達成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)beongood/badtermswithsb.與某人交情好/不好(1)Inthelongterm，theprojectwillbenefitthelocalvillagers.從長遠看，這個工程會對當?shù)卮迕裼欣?2)Theyoungcouplehaveetotermswitheachotherthattheywon’thaveababy.這對年輕夫婦已達成共識：不要孩子。(3)SheisongoodtermswithMaryandoftenoffershersomegoodadvice.她和瑪麗很要好，經(jīng)常給瑪麗一些好的建議。[熟詞生義]寫出句子中黑體詞的漢語意思(4)“Cat”isageneraltermforcats，lionsandtigers.術(shù)語；詞語[高級表達](5)Asfarasquantityisconcerned，productiongrewfasterthaneverbefore.(用介詞短語改寫)→Intermsofquantity，productiongrewfasterthaneverbefore.8．Themanwasaccusedofstealingmoney.那個人被控告盜竊錢財。(1)accusevt.控告；譴責accusesb.of(doing)sth.控告/譴責某人(做)某事(2)chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告/指責某人(做)某事(3)常見“vt.＋sb.＋ofsth.”結(jié)構(gòu)歸納：robsb.ofsth.搶劫某人某物cheatsb.ofsth.騙取某人某物informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事(1)Couldyouremindmeofthemeetingtomorrow?你能提醒我明天的會議嗎？(2)Thewomanaccusedhimofstealingherwatch.＝Thewomanchargedhimwithstealingherwatch.這個女人控告他偷她的表。[高級表達](3)Themanwasaccusedofstealingmoney；hewasbroughttothecourt.(改為非謂語動詞作狀語)→Accusedofstealingmoney，themanwasbroughttothecourt.經(jīng)典句式1．WhileyourIQtellsyouhowintelligentyouare，yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.你的智商表明你的聰明程度，而你的情商告訴你怎樣能很好地利用自己的聰明才智。在此句中while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表示前后意義的對比和轉(zhuǎn)折。while用作從屬連詞時：(1)表示“在……期間；當……的時候”，指一段時間，不能用來表時間點。(2)表示“雖然，盡管”，相當于though或although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，多放于句首。(1)MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoingtoanicerplace.我的大部分同學(xué)想去公園，而我想去一個更好的地方。(2015·浙江)(2)While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet，Iheardmynamecalled.當我在沿街散步的時候，我聽見有人叫我。(3)While(heis)notveryrich，heoftenhelpsthoseinneed.雖然他并不是很富裕，但是他經(jīng)常幫助處于困境中的人們。2．ItisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewithhighEQsareopentonewideasandhavepositiveattitudestowardslife.人們普遍認為，擁有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且對人生有著積極的態(tài)度。本句使用了“Itbe＋v.-ed＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。英語中，在不便或不必指明某看法、說法或消息的來源時，往往使用“Itbe＋v.-ed＋that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。此結(jié)構(gòu)中it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。常見的用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有：believe，think，say，report，expect，decide，suggest，require，order，know等。以上句式可轉(zhuǎn)換為以下幾種表達以Itissaidthat...為例：Itissaidthat...＝Sb.issaidtodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesth.(1)Itissaidthatsheisgoodatsinginganddancing.＝Sheissaidtobegoodatsinginganddancing.據(jù)說她能歌善舞。(2)Itisrequiredthatwe(should)arriveatthestationatabout11：00.按要求我們應(yīng)該在十一點左右到達車站。[句型轉(zhuǎn)換](3)Itisexpectedthatanewhospitalwillbebuilthere.(改為簡單句)→Anewhospitalisexpectedtobebuilthere.(4)Hersonisreportedtohavegoneabroadalready.(改為復(fù)合句)→Itisreportedthathersonhasgoneabroadalready.3．TheresultsofstudiessuchastheseshowthatEQisasimportant，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.像這樣的研究結(jié)果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也與智商同樣重要。(1)beas＋adj.，ifnot＋比較級＋than...表示“即使不比……，至少也和……一樣……”。該句型中既含有同級比較，又含有比較級。其中，ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ是狀語從句的省略，相當于ifitisnotmoreimportantthanIQ。(2)在while，when，until，unless，if，once等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中：①如果從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且從句中有動詞be時，則可以省略從句的主語和be動詞；②如果從句的主語為it，謂語部分為be動詞時，亦可以省略itbe。(1)Heisasfat(asher)，if(heis)notfatterthanher.他即使沒有她胖，但至少也跟她一樣胖。(2)When(Iwas)young，Ilookedatsuchthingsquitedifferently.我小時候?qū)@些事物的看法是完全不同的。(3)Theprojectishardtostoponcebegun(begin)．這個工程一旦啟動就很難停下來了。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Weallthinkthatsheisextremelyagifted(gift)poet.2．Iwasdelayed—somethingcameupathome.3．Icouldtellitfromherfacialexpression(express)．4．Thereisnopossibility(possible)thathewillsurvivetheaccident.5．Asweallknow，failure(fail)isthemotherofsuccess.6．WhenIenteredhisroom，Ifoundhimconcentratingonhishomework.7．Thesesuggestionsdeserveseriousconsideration(consider)8．Sheisoftenbusywithsomehouseworkwhileherhusbandsitsaroundallday.9．Thewitnesscoulddescribetheaccidentaccurately(accurate)．10．Theyoungmanwasaccusedofhavingstolensomeoldputers.Ⅱ.完成句子11．如果這本小說出版，一定會成為當年的暢銷書之一。Thenovelwillbeeoneofthebestsellersoftheyearif(itis)published.12．人們相信春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。Itisbelievedthatspringisthebestseasoninayear.13．毫無疑問他最終會成功的。Thereisnodoubtthathewillsucceedatlast.14．2017年他是在北京看了這部新電影。ItwasinBeijingthathesawthenewfilmin2017.15．他很喜歡歷史，而他的妹妹很喜歡音樂。Heisfondofhistorywhilehissisterlikesmusicverymuch.Ⅲ.課文語法填空MoststudentsbelievethatitisIQthatdetermineshowwellthey’regoingtodoinlife.However，newresearchintoEQsuggeststhatsuccessisnotsimplytheresultofahighIQ.ProfessorSalovey,16.whoinventedthetermEQ，givesthefollowing17.description(describe):Atwork，itisIQthatgetsyou18.hired(hire)butitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.19.Supported(support)byhisacademicresearch，ProfessorSaloveysuggeststhatwhen20.predicting(predict)someone’sfuturesuccess，theircharactermightactuallymatter21.more(much)thantheirIQ.Hemaybecorrect.Forexample，haveyoueverwonderedwhysomeofthesmarteststudentsinyourclass，whoyouthinkdeservegoodgrades，sometimesendup22.failing(fail)exams?PerhapstheirfailureisbecauseoftheirlowEQ.Peopleareoften23.mistaken(mistake)inthinkingthatthosewithhighIQsalwayshavehighEQsaswell.TheresultsofstudiesshowthatEQisasimportant,24.ifnotmoreimportantthanIQ.Togetaheadintheworldandlead25.ahappysuccessfullifemeansgettingonwithotherpeopleandbeingabletounderstandandreacttosituationsinthebestwaypossible.Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·山東歷城二中高二月考)DavidBeckhamwasbornin1975inLondon，ataplacecalledLeytonstone.Whenhewasayoungboy，hisgreatestpassionwasinfootball.Heplayeditwheneverhehadthechance.Sometimeshewouldgoandwatchagamewithhisfriends.WhenDavidBeckhamwas12yearsold，hewontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.Thiswasanimportantstepforwardforthisyoungboy，anditledhimtogoforavisittoafootballtrainingcampinSpain.AsaboyheplayedforschoolsofEssexandalsoforhiscountyteam.In1991，hebecameatraineewithManchesterUnited.ThismeantthathecouldpracticefootballasmuchashewantedtoandplayforthehighlysuccessfulManchesterUnitedYouthCupteamandUnder21team.InApril,1995heplayedhisfirstfootballleaguegameagainstLeedsUntied.During1995and1996，DavidbecamearegularmemberoftheteamandManchesterUnitedwoninbothfootballseasons，withDavidscoringmanygoals.Hisgoalsmadehimahouseholdname.Inthefirstgameofthe1996－1997season，hescoredasurprisinggoalfrombeyondthehalfwayline;seeingthegoalkeeperalittlewayoutofhisgoal，Beckhambecamefamousovernight.Hecontinuedtoscoreastonishinggoals，especiallyfromfreekicks.Thespeedofoneofhisshotswastimedat157kph.Healsohadtheabilitytomaketheballgofromlefttoright，orrighttoleft，wheneverhechose.Goalkeeperswereneversurewheretheballwasgoing，anditregularlyendedupinthegoal.eq\x(語篇解讀本文主要介紹了大衛(wèi)·貝克漢姆從少年到家喻戶曉的球星的成長歷程。)1．Whichwordcantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“passion”inParagraph1?A．Success. B．Interest.C．Prize. D．Skill.答案B解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下一句“Heplayeditwheneverhehadthechance.”可知，小貝克漢姆只要有機會就踢足球，說明他十分熱愛足球。故選B。2．Theunusuallysurprisingwaythathescoredgoals.A．helpedhimtogainmanyprizesforEssexB．kepthimplayingforLeedsUnitedC．offeredhimthechancetojointhenationalteamD．madehimpopularandfamous答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“hescoredasurprisinggoalfrombeyondthehalfwayline;seeingthegoalkeeperalittlewayoutofhisgoal，Beckhambecamefamousovernight”可知，在1996－1997年的第一季比賽中貝克漢姆踢了一個精彩的球，令人驚嘆的腳法讓他一舉成名。故選D。3．WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofwhatBeckhamexperienced?a．Beckhamplayedhisfirstfootballleaguegame.b．BeckhamwontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.c．BeckhamplayedforManchesterUnitedYouthCupteam.d．BeckhamwenttoSpaintojoinafootballtrainingcamp.e．BeckhamplayedfortheschoolsofEssex.A．e，d，a，c，b B．b，e，d，a，cC．e，b，a，d，c D．b，d，e，c，a答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WhenDavidBeckhamwas12yearsold，hewontheBobbyCharltonSoccerSkillsaward.”可排除A、C項；再根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知選D。4．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A．howBeckhambecameasuccessfulfootballplayerB．whatabilitiesBeckhamhadtoscoresomanygoalsC．whenBeckhambecamefamousalloverBritainD．whyBeckhamcouldwininfootballleaguegames答案A解析主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要介紹了大衛(wèi)·貝克漢姆是如何從少年到家喻戶曉的球星的成長經(jīng)歷，故選A。B(2017·福州八市協(xié)作校高二期末)Despitebeingusedby1.24billionpeopleeachyear，travelingontheTubeinLondoncanactuallybequitelonely.Onecitizen，however，istryingtochangethis，“YougetontheTubeandit’spletelysilentandit’sweird，”saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords“Tubechat？”lastmonth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother，“Ihandedout500badgesduringrushhourinacityof8million，expectingmostofthemtobethrownaway，butafterabout24hoursitpletelysnowballed，”hesays.Dunneandhis“Tubechat”campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden，BrazilandtheUK，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazineappearances.AlthoughDunnesayshe’sreceivedmostlypositivefeedback，noteveryoneagreeswithhisidea.LondonerBrianWilsonrespondedwithacampaignofhisown，handingout500badgeswiththewords“Don’teventhinkaboutit”onthem.“IcanhardlystandtheideaofhavingtotalktostrangersontheTubeonmywaytowork，”hetoldtheBBC.MichaelRobinson,24，astudentfromLondon，agrees.“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeopleingupandchattingtoyou，”hesays.“PeopleassumethatIjustwalkupandtalktostrangers，whichIdon’t，butit’sbeenagreatwaytomeetpeopleyouwouldneverhavenormallyspokento，”Dunnesays.SoifyoueverendupusingpublictransportintheWest，whynotsayhellotothepersonnexttoyou？Justmakesuretocheckforabadgefirst.語篇解讀在倫敦人們坐地鐵很孤獨，因為大家都不說話。為了改變這一現(xiàn)狀，一位名叫JonathanDunne的人發(fā)起一項運動，鼓勵人們在乘坐地鐵時互相聊天，這項運動獲得了很多人的認可，當然也有反對的聲音。5．HowdidDunneencourageLondonpassengerstotalkwitheachother?A．ByputtinguppostersontheTube.B．Byadvocatinghisideaonthemedia.C．Byofferingpassengersspecialbadges.D．Bystartingadialoguewithpassengers.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“...saysJonathanDunne，whohasstartedaworldwidedialogueaftergivingoutbadges(徽章)withthewords‘Tubechat？’lastmonth，encouragingpassengersinLondontogettalkingtooneanother...”可知，Dunne是通過發(fā)放徽章來鼓勵乘地鐵的人們互相交談的。故選C項。6．HowisDunne’scampaigngettingalong?A．Ithascaughtinternationalattention.B．Ithasbeeaworldwidecampaign.C．Mostpassengershaverefusedtoacceptit.D．Wilsonhasmadegreateffortstopromoteit.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“Dunneandhis‘Tubechat’campaignhavesincebeenreportedbymediaacrosstheworld，seeingTVinterviewsinSweden，BrazilandtheUK，aswellascountlesswebsite，newspaperandmagazineappearances.”可知，地鐵聊天活動被許多國家的媒體報道，也就是引起了國際關(guān)注。故選A項。7．AccordingtoMichaelRobinson，whatshouldTubepassengersdo?A．Handintheirfeedbackintime.B．Walkupandtalktostrangers.C．Stopusingpublictransport.D．Enjoythepeacequietly.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中MichaelRobinson說的話“BeingontheTubeistheonlypeaceandquietsomepeoplegetontheirjourneystoandfromwork.Itdoesn’tneedtobespoiledbypeopleingupandchattingtoyou...”可知，他認為對于有些人來說，乘地鐵時是他們上下班途中可以得到的唯一的平靜時刻，這片刻的寧靜不能被聊天破壞。故選D項。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TubeChatorNotB．LonelyTravelinLondonTubeC．SilenceontheTubeD．TubePassengersWearingBadges答案A解析標題歸納題。通讀全文，文章是圍繞著Tubechat這一話題展開討論的，這一話題引發(fā)了爭議和分歧，由此A項最能概括文章的主旨。Ⅱ.七選五(2018·四川成都外國語學(xué)校高二期中)ThingsYouShouldStopDoingtoBeSuccessfulAreyouahappyperson？Howoftendoyouthinkofreasonswhyeveryonearoundyouissuccessfulthoughtheyarenotbetterthanyouingeneral？Whatdoyoudowrong？Herearesomethingsyoushouldstopdoingtobesuccessful.?9Differentpeoplemayinterpret“success”indifferentways:someofthemmeasureitinmoney，otherones—inpositivechangestopeoplearoundthemandtheworldingeneral.10Don’twor