江蘇2025年高中學業(yè)水平合格考英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2025年揚州市普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性模擬考試英語試卷第一部分選擇題(共兩節(jié)，滿分70分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每題題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AImaginepickingupanicejuicyapple—butinsteadofbitingintoit,youkeeptheseedsandthrowtherestaway.That’swhatchocolateproducershavetraditionallydonewiththecocoafruit—usedthebeansandthrewawaytherest.Traditionalchocolateproduction,usingonlythebeans,involvesleavingtherestofthecocoafruit—thesizeofapumpkinandfullofnutritiousvalue—torotinthefields.ButnowfoodscientistsinSwitzerlandhavecomeupwithawaytomakechocolateusingtheentirecocoafruitandwithoutusingsugar.Thechocolate,developedbyscientistKimMishraandhisteam,includesthecocoafruit,thejuice,andtheshell.Thekeytothenewchocolateliesintheverysweetjuice,whichtastesabitlikepineapple.Thisjuice,whichis14%sugar,ismadetoformahighlyconcentratedsyrup(高濃度糖漿).RogerWehrli,directoroftheassociationofSwisschocolateproducers,seesthenewchocolateas“verypromising...Ifyouusethewholecocoafruit,youcangetbetterprices.Soit’seconomicallyinterestingforthefarmers.”Foodproductioninvolveslettingoutsignificantgreenhousegas,soreducingfoodwastecouldalsohelptodealwithclimatechange.Chocolate,maynotbyitselfbeahugefactor,butitcouldbeastart.InSwitzerland,someofthebiggerproducersarestartingtousethecocoafruitaswellasthebeans,butnone,sofar,hastakenthestepofnotusingextrasugarcompletely.“Wehavetofindbravechocolateproducerswhowanttotestthemarket,”saysMr.Mishra.1．Whichofthefollowingisthenewwayofdealingwithcocoa?A．Onlyusingtheseeds. B．Onlyusingtheleaves.C．Usingtheentireplant. D．Usingtheentirefruit.2．Wheredoesthesugarofthenewchocolatecomesfrom?A．a(chǎn)pple B．pineapple C．thejuice D．theshell3．IntheopinionofRoger,whowillbemostsatisfiedwiththenewchocolate?A．thefarmers B．thescientists C．theproducers D．thebuyers4．Inwhichaspectwillthenewchocolateleadthewayinfoodproduction?A．Gettingbetterprice. B．Protectingtheenvironment.C．Testingthemarket. D．Addingsomeextrasugar.B“Getoutofyourcomfortzone.”“Takenoforananswer.”“Dosomethingeverydaythatmakesyoufeeluncomfortable.”Ifyou’vespentanytimeonsocialmediayou’llbeusedtoseeingthesemotivationalideas.Andyoumighthavebeenseeingmorerecentlythankstothe“rejectiontherapy(拒絕療法)”trend.Themostbasicversioninvolvespushingyourselftomakeasillyrequestoraskaquestionthat’salmostcertaintogetturneddown.Doitenoughtimes,thetheorygoes,andyou’llbemadelesssensitivetorejectionandimproveyourconfidence.Otherstakeitfurther,performingfunny,harmlesstricksthatwillattractattention—andpossiblejudgementfromstrangers—inpublic.Whileit’snotanofficiallyrecognizedformoftherapy,somepeoplewilltellyouit’schangedtheirlives.OnepersonwhobelievesinrejectiontherapyisSophieJones.Shefilmedherselfdancinginapublicpark—somethingthatwouldnormallyhaveterrifiedher.Sophienowregularlypostsvideosonsocialmediaofherchallengingherselfinincreasinglyeye-catchingways.That’sincludedpaintingherselfgreenandwalkingaroundbusyareas,andhermostpopularupload,whereshestandsinthemiddleofaplaneandloudlytellstheotherpassengersto“havealovelyflight”,got16millionviews.DrLouiseisapsychologistskilledinattachmentandrelationships.“Iunderstandtheideaofintentionallyseekingoutrejectiontolosethefearofit,”shesays.“Itcanbehelpful.Butitdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitwilleasethepainoftherejection.Itcouldhavetheoppositeeffectandmakeyoureturntothecomfortzone.”5．Whichofthefollowingbelongsto“rejectiontherapy”?A．Takeyesforananswer. B．Dosomethinguncomfortabledaily.C．Getintoofyourcomfortzone. D．Postvideosonsocialmedia.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“turneddown”mean?A．hated B．liked C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．refused7．WhatdidSophiedotocarryoutrejectiontherapy?A．Sheperformedfunnyandharmfultricks.B．Shefilmedherselfdancinginapublicpark.C．Shewalkedaroundwearinggreenclothes.D．shegreetedotherpassengersloudlyonabus.8．What’sDrLouise’sattitudetowards“rejectiontherapy”?A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Cautious. D．Careless.CInthe1920s,thesciencefictionheroBuckRogersflewacrossthepagesofcomicbooksusingajetpack(噴氣背包).Itwasavisionofthefuturethathasyettoactuallybecreated.Nowthatwearelivinginthe21stcentury,peoplestillaren’tusingjetpackstogetaround.Lotsofinventorshavetriedtobuildworkingjetpacksovertheyears,butnoneofthemhaveeverworkedaswellastheoneBuckRogersworeinthecomicbooks.OnejetpackthatwasrecentlyshownwastheMartinjetpack.ThisjetpackwasbuiltbyaninventorfromNewZealandnamedGlennMartin.Martin’s120kilogramjetpackholdsabouttwentylitersofgasolineandcanflyforaboutthirtyminutes.Twolargefanspointingtowardtheskycreateajetofairthatthejetpackoperatorflieson.TheMartinjetpackmaybetooloudandtooheavyforthetasteofsomepeople.However,itreallyworks,anditisonthemarkettoday.AnotherjetpackthatwasshownrecentlyisRaymondLi’sJetlev-Flyer.Thisisajetpackthatpropels(推進)apersonintotheairbyshootingoutajetofwaterratherthanajetofair.TheJetlev-FlyerissmallerandlighterthantheMartinjetpack.Thisisduetothefactthattheengineandwaterpumpforthejetpackisonaboatthatispulledalongbehindtheoperator.Inatestofhisjetpack,Liflewalmosttenmetershighandcouldtravelforwardataspeedof35kph.NeithertheMartinjetpacknortheJetlev-Flyeraregoingtobebigsellers.Bothcostingover$100,000each,theyarejusttooexpensivefortheaverageperson.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．BuckRogersisstillpopular.B．Peoplecan’tflywithjetpacks.C．Peopledon’ttravelwithjetpacks.D．Betterjetpacksareinventedlater.10．WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheMartinjetpack?A．Itisdesignedwithonelargefanonit.B．Itcanholdmorethanfiftylitersofgas.C．Itpropelstheoperatoronjetsofwater.D．Itmakestoomuchnoiseforsomepeople.11．WhatcanbeinferredaboutRaymondLi?A．Heisnotafraidofheight.B．HeworkswithGlennMartin.C．Heknowshowtoflyaplane.D．Heworkstomakeboats.12．Whatcanweconcludeaboutthetwojetpacks?A．Theirinventorscamefromthesamecountry.B．Thyarebothoperatedinthesameway.C．Theyarecertaintosellwellinthemarket.D．Theirpriceswillscareawaymanypeople.DInMay,ChinaRailwayconductedasurveyonthedemandforpettransportationonhigh-speedtrains.Thesurveygainedwidespreadattentionfarbeyondpotentialtrainpassengers.Whilemanypetownerslookedforwardtothepossibilityofbringingpetsonboard,somepeoplewereworriedthatthepetsmightcauseinjuriesandspreaddiseases.Theindustrysurroundingpetsisconsideredtohavebegunin1992,theyearinwhichthecountry’sfirstorganizationdevotedtosmallanimalprotectionwasfounded.Accordingtoarecentreport,China’speteconomywasvaluedat592.8billionyuan($83billion)in2023.InMay,somenewstandardsforlostanimalrescueandpetfuneralswereproposed.Amonthlater,Shanghaibecamethefirstcityinthecountrytoissuerulesforthedisplayofanimalsinindoorcommercialplaces.ThesedevelopmentshavehighlightedtheshiftingroleofanimalsinChina’scitiesandthenecessityformoreregulationofthepeteconomy.Therisingnumberofpetsincitiesoverthepastthreedecadeshascausedheateddebatesovertheuseofpublicresourcesandspaces.Asmoreandmorepeopleseepetsasnotjustanimalslivingunderthesameroof,butasclosemembersoftheirfamiliesandcommunities,findingtherightbalanceforpeopleandanimalstocoexistinacityenvironmentbecomesanincreasinglyimportanttask.13．WhydidChinaRailwayconductthesurvey?A．Toanalysetheneedsofpetstravelingontrains.B．ToknowtheexactnumberofpetsinChina.C．Tofindthecauseofpeople’skeepingpets.D．Toconcludetheresponseoftheownersofpets.14．WhatcanweknowaboutpeteconomyinChina?A．Mostofthepeopleareworriedaboutit.B．Itwasvaluedat592.8billiondollarsin2023.C．ItwasfirststartedinShanghaibefore2023.D．Morerulesareneededforitsdevelopment.15．Howdoestheauthordevelopthesecondparagraph?A．Byfollowingspaceorder. B．Byfollowingtimeorder.C．Bygivingsomeexamples. D．Bymakingcomparison.16．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Petsinthecity. B．ChinaRailway’ssurvey.C．Petsonthetrain. D．ChinaRailway’sworry.EThecontinentofAntarcticahastwoseasons—winterandsummer.Everywinter,theemperorspenguins(帝企鵝)returntoAntarcticafromtheoceantobreed(繁殖).They’retheonlypenguinsbig,strongandtoughenoughtobattlewinterandraisetheirchicksonAntarctica’svastplainsofopenice.Winterbringswithitstrongsnowstorms,sixmonthsofalmost24-hourdarkness,andfreezingtemperatures.Thepenguinstravelupto120kmacrosstheicetoreachtheirland.There,theypairupandinMaythefemalelaysanegg.Shegivestheeggtothemaleforsafekeepingandreturnstotheseatohunt.Fortheeggtosurvive,themalemustmakesureitdoesn’ttouchtheicyground.Andthat’sahugechallenge.NotreesorbushesexistonAntarctic—it’salmostentirelycoveredinsnowandice.So,tocreateanest,anemperorpenguindaduseshisfeet,whereithatchesatacosy36°C.Buthemustnotlettheeggtouchthegroundforthenexttwomonths!Whentheweatherbecomesworse,maleemperorstakeadvantageofwhattheyhavearoundthem—eachother.Theprotectivefatherscrowdtogethertocreateabreakfromthewindandcold,andtocapturebodyheat.Amazingly,thetemperatureinsidealargeemperorpenguingroupcanreach37°C!Upto5,000malepenguinsgrouptogethermovingcontinuouslybytakingsmallstepsevery30–60seconds.Thesestepsmaketheemperorhuddlemoveinakindofwave,witheachbirdslowlyworkingitswaytothemiddleofthegroup,thenoutagain.Thisensureseverypenguingetsaspellatthecentre,keepingwarm.17．WhydoemperorpenguinsreturntoAntarcticainwinter?A．Tosearchforvariousfoods. B．Tolayeggsandraisebabies.C．Toenjoythespecialweather. D．Tostaytogetherwithothers.18．Whatistheroleofthemaleemperorpenguinaccordingtothispassage?A．Buildingnestsfortheegg.B．Teachingtheunbornchick.C．Keepingtheeggwarm.D．Findingfoodforthefemale.19．Whydotheemperorpenguindadscrowdtogether?A．Theyarelackinginindividualsurvivalskills.B．Theygathertoovercomeextremeconditions.C．Theyneedtostaytogethertosearchforfood.D．Theyhavegotusedtothefixedsocialpattern.20．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthispassage?A．TheterribleclimateofAntarctica.B．Thedifficultiesemperorpenguinsface.C．ThedifferentpenguinsinAntarctica.D．Thebreedingbehaviorofemperorpenguins.第二節(jié)完形填空(共15題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Collegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceanever-higherbartograbtheattentionoftheirstudents.Yet,TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysics,hastogetherstudentsexcitedaboutscience.Knownas“Dr.Tatiana”,theprofessorphysicstrickswithendlessenergyandenthusiasm.ofherexperimentshavereceivedhundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms，assheusesarangeofobjectsinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertobicyclewheelsandhairdryers.It’sclearsheknowswhatittakestogetyoungpeopleaboutahardscience.Butitisn’talwaysthatway.Twoago,whenshefirststartedcollegefreshmanclassesshetoattractherstudentsattention.Shesays,“Whileteachingalargelecturehallof100-plusfirst-yearstudents,firstareimportant.,Ididnotmakeitonthefirstday.”Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherherapproachtomakeherlargelecturehallsfeelandgetherstudentsengaged.“Talktoyourstudentsbeforeandafterclass.Whenyouteachyourclass,walkupanddownthestairsratherthanonthestage,”shesays,“Andadddemonstrations(示范),whichhelpstudentsconnecttheabstractconceptwithreallife.”Erukhimovahasearnedmorethanjustonsocialmedia;shewashonoredwithanationalawardforherinnovativeprograms.21．A．managed B．failed C．imagined D．returned22．A．understands B．respects C．skips D．performs23．A．Gifts B．Videos C．Amounts D．Memories24．A．fantastic B．wonderful C．everyday D．expensive25．A．excited B．upset C．depressed D．satisfied26．A．decades B．minutes C．days D．centuries27．A．thinking B．teaching C．training D．punishing28．A．struggled B．mastered C．contributed D．a(chǎn)pplied29．A．a(chǎn)ids B．limits C．impressions D．chances30．A．Luckily B．Eventually C．Generally D．Unfortunately31．A．moving B．changing C．solving D．waving32．A．bigger B．smaller C．higher D．stricter33．A．jump B．run C．stretch D．stay34．A．a(chǎn)dventure B．concern C．popularity D．contribution35．A．culture B．nature C．industry D．education第二部分非選擇題第一節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseTeachers’Dayisafestival36(celebrate)the2,300-yeartraditionofrespectingteachersandeducationinChina.It’ssimilar37thebirthdayofConfucius,oneofthegreatest38(educate)inancientChina.Accordingtorecord,duringtheHanandJindynasties,onAugust27eachyear,39wasconsideredthebirthdayofConfucius,theemperorwouldgotoConfucius’templeinpraiseofthephilosopher40(follow)bycourtofficials,andwouldalsoinviteroyalteacherstotheimperialcourtforafeast.Onthisday,teachersaroundthenationenjoyedaday’svacationand41(give)driedmeatasgifts.Thecapital,allstatesandcountieswouldalsostageceremonies42(praise)Confucius,withlocalchiefsortheemperortakingthelead.Excellent-performedteacherswouldbechosenfromacademiesnationwide,reportingto43royalfamilyandgiven500liangsilvercoinsasawards.UntiltheQingDynasty,theceremony,wasofa44(large)scale.Theteachers’salariesaroundthenationwereraised,andwell-performingteacherswouldbeawarded45(office)titlesorpromotedtohigherpositions.第二節(jié)寫作(共1題，滿分20分)46．隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快和網(wǎng)絡的普及，越來越多的人選擇“線上健身”。假如你是李華，你班就“如何看待線上健身”這一話題舉辦一場辯論會。請你寫一篇短文來闡明你的觀點，內(nèi)容包括：(1)你的觀點；(2)你贊成或反對的理由。注意：(1)寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；(2)可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．D2．C3．A4．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家開發(fā)出一種利用整個可可果制作且不加糖的巧克力。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ButnowfoodscientistsinSwitzerlandhavecomeupwithawaytomakechocolateusingtheentirecocoafruitandwithoutusingsugar.(但現(xiàn)在，瑞士的食品科學家想出了一種方法，可以用整個可可果制作巧克力，而且不加糖)”可知，處理可可的新方法是使用整個果實。故選D。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thekeytothenewchocolateliesintheverysweetjuice,whichtastesabitlikepineapple.Thisjuice,whichis14%sugar,ismadetoformahighlyconcentratedsyrup(高濃度糖漿).(這種新巧克力的關(guān)鍵在于這種非常甜的果汁，嘗起來有點像菠蘿。這種含糖量為14%的果汁被制成高濃度糖漿)”可知，新巧克力的糖分來自可可果的果汁。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“RogerWehrli,directoroftheassociationofSwisschocolateproducers,seesthenewchocolateas“verypromising...Ifyouusethewholecocoafruit,youcangetbetterprices.Soit’seconomicallyinterestingforthefarmers.”(瑞士巧克力生產(chǎn)商協(xié)會主任羅杰·韋爾利認為這種新巧克力“很有前途……如果你使用整個可可果，你可以得到更好的價格。所以這對農(nóng)民來說在經(jīng)濟上很有吸引力?！?”可知，羅杰認為，農(nóng)民會對新巧克力最滿意。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Foodproductioninvolveslettingoutsignificantgreenhousegas,soreducingfoodwastecouldalsohelptodealwithclimatechange.Chocolate,maynotbyitselfbeahugefactor,butitcouldbeastart.(食品生產(chǎn)會釋放大量溫室氣體，因此減少食物浪費也有助于應對氣候變化。巧克力本身可能不是一個重要因素，但它可能是一個開始)”可知，新巧克力在保護環(huán)境方面將引領(lǐng)食品生產(chǎn)。故選B。5．B6．D7．B8．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“拒絕療法”這一趨勢，包括其基本形式、具體做法以及不同人對它的看法。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Getoutofyourcomfortzone.’‘Takenoforananswer.’‘Dosomethingeverydaythatmakesyoufeeluncomfortable.”Ifyou’vespentanytimeonsocialmediayou’llbeusedtoseeingthesemotivationalideas.(“走出你的舒適區(qū)?！薄敖邮芫芙^?！薄懊刻熳鲆患屇愀械讲皇娣氖隆！比绻阍谏缃幻襟w上花過一些時間，就會對這些激勵性的話語習以為常)以及第二段中“Andyoumighthavebeenseeingmorerecentlythankstothe“rejectiontherapy(拒絕療法)”trend.Themostbasicversioninvolvespushingyourselftomakeasillyrequestoraskaquestionthat’salmostcertaintogetturneddown.(你最近可能看到更多，這要歸功于“拒絕療法”的趨勢。最基本的形式是強迫自己提出一個愚蠢的要求或問一個幾乎肯定會被拒絕的問題)”可知，“拒絕療法”要求人們做一些讓自己不舒服的事情。故選B。6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Themostbasicversioninvolvespushingyourselftomakeasillyrequestoraskaquestionthat’salmostcertaintogetturneddown.Doitenoughtimes,thetheorygoes,andyou’llbemadelesssensitivetorejectionandimproveyourconfidence.(最基本的形式是強迫自己提出一個愚蠢的要求或問一個幾乎肯定會被turndown的問題。理論認為，這樣做足夠多次后，你會對拒絕變得不那么敏感，從而增強自信心)”可知，這里指的是提出一個幾乎肯定會被拒絕的問題。turneddown意為“拒絕”。A.hated討厭；B.liked喜歡；C.accepted接受；D.refused拒絕。故選D。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“OnepersonwhobelievesinrejectiontherapyisSophieJones.Shefilmedherselfdancinginapublicpark—somethingthatwouldnormallyhaveterrifiedher.(SophieJones是相信拒絕療法的人之一。她在公園里拍下了自己跳舞的視頻——這通常會讓她感到害怕)”可知，SophieJones為了實踐“拒絕療法”，在公園里拍下了自己跳舞的視頻。故選B。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“DrLouiseisapsychologistskilledinattachmentandrelationships.“Iunderstandtheideaofintentionallyseekingoutrejectiontolosethefearofit,”shesays.“Itcanbehelpful.Butitdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitwilleasethepainoftherejection.Itcouldhavetheoppositeeffectandmakeyoureturntothecomfortzone.”(路易絲博士是一位擅長依戀和人際關(guān)系問題的心理學家?！拔依斫夤室鈱で缶芙^以消除對它的恐懼的想法，”她說?！斑@可能有用。但這并不一定意味著它會減輕被拒絕的痛苦。它可能會產(chǎn)生相反的效果，讓你回到舒適區(qū)?！?”可知，路易絲博士對“拒絕療法”持謹慎態(tài)度。她認為雖然這種療法可能有一定幫助，但并不一定能減輕被拒絕的痛苦，甚至可能產(chǎn)生相反的效果。故選C。9．C10．D11．A12．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了兩種噴氣背包的發(fā)明情況，包括它們的特點、性能、價格等。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inthe1920s,thesciencefictionheroBuckRogersflewacrossthepagesofcomicbooksusingajetpack(噴氣背包).Itwasavisionofthefuturethathasyettoactuallybecreated.Nowthatwearelivinginthe21stcentury,peoplestillaren’tusingjetpackstogetaround.(20世紀20年代，科幻英雄巴克·羅杰斯用噴氣背包飛過漫畫書的書頁。這是一個尚未實現(xiàn)的未來愿景。現(xiàn)在我們生活在21世紀，人們?nèi)匀粵]有使用噴氣背包出行)”可知，第一段主要告訴我們?nèi)藗儸F(xiàn)在還沒有使用噴氣背包出行。故選C。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheMartinjetpackmaybetooloudandtooheavyforthetasteofsomepeople.(馬丁噴氣背包可能對一些人來說聲音太大、太重)”可知，馬丁噴氣背包對一些人來說噪音太大。故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inatestofhisjetpack,Liflewalmosttenmetershighandcouldtravelforwardataspeedof35kph.(在一次噴氣背包測試中，李飛到了近10米高，并能以每小時35公里的速度向前飛行)”可知，李飛到了近10米高，由此可以推斷出他不恐高。故選A。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“NeithertheMartinjetpacknortheJetlev-Flyeraregoingtobebigsellers.Bothcostingover$100,000each,theyarejusttooexpensivefortheaverageperson.(馬丁噴氣背包和Jetlev-Flyer都不會成為大賣品。它們的價格都超過10萬美元，對于普通人來說太貴了)”由此可推斷出，它們的價格會讓很多人望而卻步。故選D。13．A14．D15．B16．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國鐵路對高鐵寵物運輸需求的調(diào)查，以及圍繞寵物行業(yè)在中國的發(fā)展、相關(guān)標準的提出、規(guī)則的制定等，強調(diào)了動物在中國城市中角色的轉(zhuǎn)變以及對寵物經(jīng)濟進行更多監(jiān)管的必要性。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“InMay,ChinaRailwayconductedasurveyonthedemandforpettransportationonhigh-speedtrains.(5月，中國鐵路對高鐵寵物運輸需求進行了調(diào)查)”提到中國鐵路進行了高鐵寵物運輸需求調(diào)查，結(jié)合后文“Whilemanypetownerslookedforwardtothepossibilityofbringingpetsonboard,somepeoplewereworriedthatthepetsmightcauseinjuriesandspreaddiseases.(雖然許多寵物主人期待著帶寵物上車的可能性，但也有人擔心寵物可能會造成傷害并傳播疾病)”可知，調(diào)查是為了了解寵物主人對寵物乘坐高鐵的需求情況，以便做出相關(guān)決策。故選A。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThesedevelopmentshavehighlightedtheshiftingroleofanimalsinChina’scitiesandthenecessityformoreregulationofthepeteconomy.(這些發(fā)展突顯了動物在中國城市中角色的轉(zhuǎn)變，以及加強對寵物經(jīng)濟監(jiān)管的必要性)”可知，寵物經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展需要更多的規(guī)則來進行規(guī)范。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theindustrysurroundingpetsisconsideredtohavebegunin1992,theyearinwhichthecountry’sfirstorganizationdevotedtosmallanimalprotectionwasfounded.Accordingtoarecentreport,China’speteconomywasvaluedat592.8billionyuan($83billion)in2023.InMay,somenewstandardsforlostanimalrescueandpetfuneralswereproposed.Amonthlater,Shanghaibecamethefirstcityinthecountrytoissuerulesforthedisplayofanimalsinindoorcommercialplaces.(寵物行業(yè)被認為始于1992年，這一年，中國第一個致力于小動物保護的組織成立了。根據(jù)最近的一份報告，2023年中國寵物經(jīng)濟價值5928億元人民幣（830億美元）。5月，提出了一些關(guān)于走失動物救援和寵物葬禮的新標準。一個月后，上海成為全國首個出臺室內(nèi)商業(yè)場所動物展示規(guī)定的城市)”可知，本段是按照時間順序，從1992年寵物行業(yè)開始，到2023年寵物經(jīng)濟價值，再到5月和6月的相關(guān)標準和規(guī)則的提出，進行了闡述。故選B。16．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段中“InMay,ChinaRailwayconductedasurveyonthedemandforpettransportationonhigh-speedtrains.(5月，中國鐵路對高鐵寵物運輸需求進行了調(diào)查)”提到中國鐵路進行了高鐵寵物運輸需求調(diào)查；以及最后一段中“ThesedevelopmentshavehighlightedtheshiftingroleofanimalsinChina’scitiesandthenecessityformoreregulationofthepeteconomy.(這些發(fā)展突顯了動物在中國城市中角色的轉(zhuǎn)變，以及加強對寵物經(jīng)濟監(jiān)管的必要性)”可知，文章主要圍繞城市中的寵物角色變化及寵物經(jīng)濟監(jiān)管展開；A選項“城市中的寵物”符合文章主旨，最適合作為本文標題。故選A。17．B18．C19．B20．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了帝企鵝在南極洲的繁殖行為，包括它們?nèi)绾畏祷啬蠘O洲繁殖、如何保護蛋不受寒冷影響以及如何通過聚集在一起保持溫暖等。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Everywinter,theemperorspenguins(帝企鵝)returntoAntarcticafromtheoceantobreed(繁殖).(每年冬天，帝企鵝都會從海洋返回南極大陸進行繁殖)”可知，帝企鵝在冬季返回南極是為了繁殖，即產(chǎn)卵和養(yǎng)育幼崽。故選B。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fortheeggtosurvive,themalemustmakesureitdoesn’ttouchtheicyground.(為了使蛋存活，雄性必須確保它不接觸冰冷的地面)”和“So,tocreateanest,anemperorpenguindaduseshisfeet,whereithatchesatacosy36°C.Buthemustnotlettheeggtouchthegroundforthenexttwomonths!(所以，為了筑起一個巢，帝企鵝爸爸會用雙腳托住蛋，那里能保持舒適的36攝氏度來孵化。但在接下來的兩個月里，他絕不能讓蛋碰到地面！)”可知，雄性帝企鵝的角色是確保蛋保持溫暖，不讓它接觸到冰冷的地面。故選C。19．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whentheweatherbecomesworse,maleemperorstakeadvantageofwhattheyhavearoundthem—eachother.Theprotectivefatherscrowdtogethertocreateabreakfromthewindandcold,andtocapturebodyheat.(當天氣變差時，雄性帝企鵝會利用身邊現(xiàn)有的東西——彼此。這些具有保護意識的父親們聚集在一起，以避開寒風，并相互取暖)”可知，帝企鵝爸爸們聚集在一起是為了共同抵御惡劣的天氣條件，如強風和寒冷。故選B。20．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Everywinter,theemperorspenguins(帝企鵝)returntoAntarcticafromtheoceantobreed(繁殖).(每年冬天，帝企鵝都會從海洋返回南極大陸進行繁殖)”、第二段中“There,theypairupandinMaythefemalelaysanegg.Shegivestheeggtothemaleforsafekeepingandreturnstotheseatohunt.(在那里，它們結(jié)成伴侶，到了五月，雌性會產(chǎn)下一枚蛋。她把蛋交給雄性保管，然后返回大海捕獵)”以及最后一段中“Whentheweatherbecomesworse,maleemperorstakeadvantageofwhattheyhavearoundthem—eachother.Theprotectivefatherscrowdtogethertocreateabreakfromthewindandcold,andtocapturebodyheat.(當天氣變差時，雄性帝企鵝會利用身邊現(xiàn)有的東西——彼此。這些具有保護意識的父親們聚集在一起，以避開寒風，并相互取暖)”可知，文章主要描述了帝企鵝在南極冬季的繁殖行為，包括它們?nèi)绾畏祷啬蠘O、如何孵化蛋以及如何通過聚集來抵御惡劣天氣。因此，文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于帝企鵝的繁殖行為。故選D。21．A22．D23．B24．C25．A26．A27．B28．A29．C30．D31．B32．B33．D34．C35．D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了物理學教授TatianaErukhimova通過充滿活力的物理實驗讓學生對科學產(chǎn)生興趣，她起初難以吸引學生注意力，后來改變方法取得成功，并因此獲得國家教育創(chuàng)新獎。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，教物理的TatianaErukhimova成功地讓她的學生對科學產(chǎn)生了興趣。A.managed設法做到；B.failed失?。籆.imagined想象；D.returned返回。根據(jù)前文“Yet”以及“getherstudentsexcitedaboutscience.”以及后文對TatianaErukhimova教學方法的描述可知，她成功讓學生對科學感興趣，managetodosth.表示“設法做成某事”。故選A。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位被稱為“Dr.Tatiana”的教授以無盡的精力和熱情表演物理實驗。A.understands理解；B.respects尊重；C.skips跳過；D.performs表演。根據(jù)后文“physicstricks”可知，這里說的是表演物理實驗。故選D。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的許多實驗視頻在社交媒體平臺上獲得了數(shù)億次的觀看量，因為她在實驗中使用了一系列日常用品，從乒乓球和衛(wèi)生紙到自行車輪和吹風機。A.Gifts禮物；B.Videos視頻；C.Amounts數(shù)量；D.Memories回憶。根據(jù)后文“acrosssocialmediaplatforms”可知，這里說的是視頻在社交媒體平臺上的觀看量。故選B。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的許多實驗視頻在社交媒體平臺上獲得了數(shù)億次的觀看量，因為她在實驗中使用了一系列日常用品，從乒乓球和衛(wèi)生紙到自行車輪和吹風機。A.fantastic極好的；B.wonderful精彩的；C.everyday日常的；D.expensive昂貴的。根據(jù)后文“frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertobicyclewheelsandhairdryers”可知，這些都是日常用品。故選C。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，她知道如何讓年輕人對一門艱深的科學感到興奮。A.excited興奮的；B.upset沮喪的；C.depressed抑郁的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)前文“getherstudentsexcitedaboutscience”可知，這里說的是讓學生對科學感到興奮。故選A。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年前，當她剛開始教大學一年級學生時，她很難吸引學生的注意力。A.decades幾十年；B.minutes分鐘；C.days天；D.centuries世紀。根據(jù)后文“Bythesecondsemester,shefoundher__11__herapproachtomakeherlargelecturehallsfeel__12___andgetherstudentsengaged.”可知，到了第二學期，她才找到方法，所以此處表示的是幾十年前，她剛開始教大學一年級學生時的情況。故選A。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年前，當她剛開始教大學一年級學生時，她很難吸引學生的注意力。A.thinking思考；B.teaching教學；C.training訓練；D.punishing懲罰。根據(jù)上文“whenshefirststarted”以及后文“collegefreshmanclasses”可知，此處表示的是她剛開始教大學一年級學生時的情況。故選B。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾十年前，當她剛開始教大學一年級學生時，她很難吸引學生的注意力。A.struggled努力，掙扎；B.mastered掌握；C.contributed貢獻；D.applied應用。根據(jù)后文“Ididnotmakeitonthefirstday.”可知，第一天她沒有成功，所以此處表示的是她很難吸引學生的注意力，struggletodosth.為固定短語，表示“努力做某事”。故選A。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她說：“當我在一個能容納100多名一年級學生的大講堂里授課時，第一印象很重要。不幸的是，第一天我沒有做到?！盇.aids幫助；B.limits限制；C.impressions印象；D.chances機會。根據(jù)后文“Ididnotmakeitonthefirstday.”可知，第一天她沒有做到，結(jié)合常識可知，此處表示的是第一印象很重要。故選C。30．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她說：“當我在一個能容納100多名一年級學生的大講堂里授課時，第一印象很重要。不幸的是，第一天我沒有做到。”A.Luckily幸運地；B.Eventually最終；C.Generally通常；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)后文“Ididnotmakeitonthefirstday.”可知，第一天她沒有做到，所以此處表示的是不幸的是。故選D。31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到了第二學期，她發(fā)現(xiàn)改變自己的方法，讓大講堂感覺更小，讓學生參與進來。A.moving移動；B.changing改變；C.solving解決；D.waving揮手。根據(jù)后文“herapproachtomakeherlargelecturehallsfeel_12___andgetherstudentsengaged.”可知，她想辦法讓學生參與進來，所以此處表示的是她改變了自己的方法。故選B。32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到了第二學期，她發(fā)現(xiàn)改變自己的方法，讓大講堂感覺更小，讓學生參與進來。A.bigger更大的；B.smaller更小的；C.higher更高的；D.stricter更嚴格的。根據(jù)后文“getherstudentsengaged”可知，她讓學生參與進來，結(jié)合常識可知，大講堂里學生很多，所以此處表示的是她讓大講堂感覺更小，這樣學生才能更好地參與進來。故選B。33．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“課前課后和學生交流。當你上課時，在樓梯上走來走去，而不是呆在講臺上，”她說，“并添加示范，幫助學生將抽象概念與現(xiàn)實生活聯(lián)系起來?！盇.jump跳；B.run跑；C.stretch伸展；D.stay停留。根據(jù)前文“walkupanddownthestairs”可知，此處表示的是在樓梯上走來走去，而不是呆在講臺上，stayon為固定短語，表示“呆在……上”。故選D。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Erukhimova在社交媒體上獲得的不僅僅是人氣；她還因其創(chuàng)新的教育項目獲得了國家獎項。A.adventure冒險；B.concern關(guān)心；C.popularity受歡迎程度；D.contribution貢獻。根據(jù)前文“herexperimentshavereceivedhundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms”可知，她的實驗視頻在社交媒體平臺上獲得了數(shù)億次的觀看，所以此處表示的是她在社交媒體上獲得的不僅僅是人氣。故選C。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Erukhimova在社交媒體上獲得的不僅僅是人氣；她還因其創(chuàng)新的教育項目獲得了國家獎項。A.culture文化；B.nature自然；C.industry工業(yè)；D.education教育。根據(jù)前文“whenshefirststarted___7___collegefreshmanclasses”可知，她教大學一年級學生，所以此處表示的是她因其創(chuàng)新的教育項目獲得了國家獎項。故選D。36．celebrating37．to38．educators39．which