大學英語精讀第二冊Unti Eight

1、Unit Eight,Honesty: Is It Going Out of Style?,admit: v. state or agree to the truth of; confess 承認，供認, admit用作vt.時，其后可以接名詞、動名詞或從句；e.g. He admitted his error frankly. He admitted that his comprehension was weak. Jack admitted having broken the window. admit用作vi.時，其后接介詞to再接賓語。 e.g. He admitted to havi

2、ng taken the money.,out of style= no longer fashionable, unfashionable 過時的， 不時時髦的,e.g. The skirt has gone out of style. (這種裙子已經(jīng)變得不時髦了。) 而in style= in a grand way 豪華地，體面地 e.g. The millionaire isnt used to live in style. (這位百萬富翁不習慣過豪華的生活。) She dresses in style.(她穿著很時髦。) 注： out of表示“過”，“不再”，也可以與其他名詞構成類

3、似意義的詞組。e.g. The machine has gone out of use a long time ago. (這臺機器很久以前已經(jīng)淘汰了。) A lot of words go out of date very quickly. (許多詞很快就不再用了。),be faced with: 面臨，面對,face也可作v. 常用于主動語態(tài)，意為“面臨” e.g. The new government faced many problems. (新政府面臨許多難題。) We are all faced with the same problem of rising costs. (我們都

4、面臨著物價上漲問題。),be hard on (sb.) = be too strict with sb. 對過分嚴厲，對(某人)要求過于嚴格(苛刻),e.g. Dont be hard on him, he is still a child. (別對他要求太苛刻了，他還是個小孩子。),on the rise= increasing steadily 在增長/增加， 在加劇,on表示正處于何種狀態(tài)或形勢下。 在on the rise 中， rise可以為increase所代替， 其反義詞是 on the decline/decrease. e.g. In our city, interest

5、in sports is on the decline/rise. (在我們城市里, 對體育的興趣正在下降/上升.) The demand for tea is on the decrease. (對茶葉的需求量正在減少。) Crime in big cities is on the increase. (在大城市里，犯罪率正在上升。),a case in point= a very good example, one example regarding the subject in question 一個恰當?shù)睦?e.g. Many hit-and-run automobile drive

6、rs were seized at last. Smith is a case in point. (許多闖了禍就逃跑的汽車司機最后被逮住了，史密斯就是這方面的例子。) China has the worlds most remarkable athletes, a case in point is Deng Yaping, who won numerous world titles. (中國有很多世界上最優(yōu)秀的運動員，例如鄧亞萍，她獲得過許多比賽的榮譽。),all but,= all except 除了都 e.g. All but Liping were here just now. (剛才

7、除了李平，所有人都在這兒。) = nearly, almost 幾乎 e.g. We all but finished here. (做到這兒我們幾乎要完成了。) Its all but impossible. (這幾乎是不可能的。),think of as = regard as, consider as 把看作,E.g. We all think of the treaty as of great importatnce. （我們都認為這個條約很重要。）,in the case of =as for, in a particular occasion of 至于, 就而言,e.g. In

8、the case of the population. China is the largest country in the world. (就人口而言，中國是世界上最大的國家。) In case of= for fear that sth. Should happen; if sth. should happen 以防，萬一 e.g. In case of fire, dial 119. （如果/萬一發(fā)生了火災，撥打119.） In case = for fear that 如果，以防 e.g. Take your umbrella with you in case it rains. (

9、帶上雨傘，以防下雨。),on the other hand= from the opposed point of view另一方面，反過來說,該詞組一般與on the one hand(一方面)連用，也可單獨使用。 e.g. He is clever, but on the other hand, he makes many mistakes. (他很聰明，但從另一方面講，他也犯了不少錯誤。),at ones best=in ones best condition, in as good a state as possible 處于最佳狀態(tài),e.g. In telling his storie

10、s, Jack is at his best. (杰克最善于講故事。) The athlete, was at his best during the last Olympic Games. (這位運動員在上屆運動會期間處于鼎盛時期。),正式英語考試名稱：,托?？荚?Test of English as a Foreign Language, TOEFL) 研究生考試(Graduate Record Examination,GRE) 商務英語證書(Business English Certificate, BEC) 大學英語四級考試(College English Test Band 4, C

11、ET4) 智力測驗(an intelligence test) 資質(zhì)測驗(an aptitude test) 口試(an oral test) 筆試(a written test),美國的教育制度,美國學生在高中的最后一年， 常常要申請好幾所大學或?qū)W院。大學(university)通常比學院(college)大， 往往包括幾所學院。美國沒有統(tǒng)一的大學入學考試。各所大學或?qū)W院招生的標準不一。,Income taxes 個人所得稅,稅，指人們所上交的用以支持政府的錢。美國大體上有三級政府：聯(lián)邦政府、州、市；因此，稅收也分為向以上三級政府上交的三種稅。薪水超過幾千美元的人必須向聯(lián)邦政府繳納一定比例的

12、稅，聯(lián)邦政府的稅率是累進的，稅率為14%-17%，隨著個人的收入的增加而增加，每年的4月15日為繳納稅款的日子，隨著稅收的增加人們這一天很不愉快。盡管美國人在許多問題上持不同意見，但他們在一個問題上的意見是一致的：稅收太高，他們常常覺得每一周都有一天純粹是為了交稅而工作的。,(Para.1) It can be argued such a response may not mean much.,該句等于“People can argue that such an answer maybe isnt very meaningful”(人們可以反駁說, 這樣的回答恐怕沒有什么意義),track d

13、own= find someone or something by hunting or searching 追捕到, 對追查到底,e.g. The dogs are tracking down the game. (注： game: u.n. 獵物，野味) 譯文： 獵狗正在追蹤獵物。,(Line49)Would a check-out person at a large supermarket return money to a customer?,該句中， “a check-out person” means “a salesclerk whose job is to receive th

14、e bill for the goods a customer has chosen.” “商店里的結賬人員”,Ex.15. Translation:,1. lead to: 使得，導致，引起 Large investment has led to rapid economic development in this area. 2. 開展運動: launch a campaign; 籌款：raise money They have launched a campaign to raise money for the building of a new hospital.,3. lie in:

15、在于 It is true that success lies in diligence. 4. 受誘惑： be tempted to do (sth.) They have a high moral standard and will never be tempted to receive such expensive presents.,5. be faced with:面臨 There are indications that many/numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation. 6. under the charge of 以(罪)控告 The police arrested the criminal under the charge of armed robbery several hours after they found an important clue to his identity.,7. 造成問題： causeproblem The investigation indicates that, to some people, retirement will cause psychological p