高考英語完形填空新題型

1、,2010湖南高考英語完型填空 應(yīng)試方法與技巧,Brief Introduction 題型解讀 “2010年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試湖南卷考試說明”就此節(jié)的措辭是： “本節(jié)要求考生根據(jù)上下文，在每個空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。短文在補足后，要求意思通順、前后連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。本節(jié)側(cè)重考查考生的語感以及語言的銜接、連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)等語言知識運用的能力?！?從考查的內(nèi)容來看，除考查詞匯外，還考查功能語法，即側(cè)重于考查詞匯在篇章中的交際功能。 從題型的形式看，只給出空缺，沒有選項，要求考生根據(jù)語境和自己已有的語法與詞匯知識來填空，這對考生的語言知識的提取和運用能力提出了更高的要求。,語法填空題-能力要求,

2、The ability of reading discourse 閱讀/理解語篇的能力 Analysis of sentence structure 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力 The ability to use grammar 熟練運用語法的能力,The ability of reading discourse 1. Later , I seemed to hear faraway voices saying that my right _ was broken. I almost burst into tears. How would I ever play the piano again? 2

3、. Many old people dont have good _.They cant watch TV, but they can listen to the music 3. Many Africans are very _ and so they cant afford to eat much meat.,hand,eyesight,poor,Analysis of sentence structure It was only then _ he realized his own mistake. 2. He went to work early in the morning, _ h

4、is son at home alone.,that,leaving,The ability to use grammar 1. _ amazed us most was that the little girl could play the piano so well. 2. In short, I believe that it is _great use to keep a dairy in English. 3. There once was a goat and a donkey. So the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey med

5、icine made from its heart.,What,the,of,Do a cloze test and think about the methods,A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1 _ precious than money. Why? 2 _ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 3 _ , it will never return. 4 _ is known to all that t

6、he time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make full use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 5 _ future. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 6 _ do not realize the value of time. They 7_ their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should f

7、orm the good habit of saving time. Do not put off what can be done today 8_ tomorrow.,more,Because,gone/lost,It,the,who,spend/waste,until/till,Do a cloze test using the methods we learned just now,Lets have a try:,Thirty two people watched Kitty Genovese killed right below their windows. She was 1 n

8、eighbor. Yet 2 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 3 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 4 he can help. First he has to notice that it is5 emergency. Is the smoke coming

9、 into the room 6 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 7 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, 8

10、 the person wont get the help he needs.,their,none,reason,before,an,from,more,or,Step1 Browse through the passge and analyse the structure of discourse,Step2 Try to fill in the blank -first the easier,Step3 Read the passage again and check the answers,Three steps,Sum up（總結(jié)）,Homework,Do more exercise

11、s after class,第一題： 思路：此句很簡單。她是誰的鄰居？從第一句中關(guān)于Kitty死在他們窗下的描寫可知填 。,their,第二題： 思路：Yet在句首，常作“然而，可是”解，表示語義的轉(zhuǎn)折。作為鄰居，理應(yīng)救她，“Yet（然而）”，32人中竟無一人施救，故填 。也可以根據(jù)下文（句）中“甚至連報警的也沒有”判斷出此空應(yīng)填none。前面說過，“語義”決定語言的“形式”。據(jù)此，此空白處是否能填nobody或 no one呢？不能。因為雖然填nobody或 no one在語義上可以講通，但在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上不行。nobody或 no one后面均不能接of短語。這個例子說明，語言的形式又反過來對

12、語義的表達(dá)有一定的限制作用?？梢?，語義與形式是 相互制約、約定俗成的。,none,第三題： 思路：即使前面的意思看不大懂，也很容易判斷why people didnt act 是一個由why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞必然是 。,reason,第四題： 思路：此句話的意思是“他們調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人在施救前必須經(jīng)過兩步。”故從語義角度講應(yīng)填 。在語法上講，填before構(gòu)成時間狀語從句，也合適。,before,第五題： 思路：emergency兼作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。凡屬這種“可數(shù)”、“不可數(shù)”兼而有之的名詞，在表示“具體”意義時，作可數(shù)名詞用；表示“抽象”意義時，作不可數(shù)名詞用。從本句語義可知，此處

13、的emergency描述的是一種具體的“緊急情況”，故其是可數(shù)名詞，又因emergency是元音音素開頭，所以其前應(yīng)填不定冠詞 。另外，下文亦有暗示。,an,第六題： 思路：原句變?yōu)門he smoke coming into the room is _ a leak in the air conditioning. 在結(jié)合下文中的Or is it really smoke from a fire? 可以判斷填 _,From,第七題： 思路：句中的Second與前面的First相呼應(yīng)，緊接著的and 表示 First和Second相比Second“更”important，故填 。,more,第八

14、題： 思路：He must feel that he must help意為“他必須意識到他有責(zé)任去施救”，順此推理，這意味著the person（需要救助的人）將會得到他需要的救助（will get the help he needs）。然而，后一句的語義卻是否定的（wont get.），這就意味著后面的一句在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上采用了“正話反說”的形式， 故填 （不然的話）。,or,1.根據(jù)語法知識進(jìn)行填空,第題由than可知,precious要用比較級，多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級前加more，故此題答案為more,2.根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充,第題，因前句用Why提問，應(yīng)當(dāng)用because來回答，故此題答案

15、是because.,3. 根據(jù)語篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行填充,語篇間往往有標(biāo)明內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)的詞，我們稱這些詞為“語篇標(biāo)志詞”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示因果關(guān)系的有 thus, therefore, so等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)換話題的有however, but ,while等；表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有besides, apart from, in addition, whats more, moreover, furthermore等?！罢Z篇標(biāo)志詞”對迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。,第題，由表示轉(zhuǎn)折however的可知，是指當(dāng)時間失去的時候，表示“失

16、去”是gonelost。,4.根據(jù)句型搭配進(jìn)行填充,commonly used fixed sentences: 如so/suchthat, it is/was+ adj./n +(for sb) to do sth, there is no doubt that, doubt whether/if, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than, it is/has been + some time since , be about to do when,等來解題,第題填it,作形式主語，真正的主語是前面的從句,5.根據(jù)固定詞組進(jìn)行填充,Grasp the impo

17、rtant phrases: as a matter of fact, as usual, be proud of, by the way, by chance/accident, be busy with/doing sth, betweenand, come/be from, congratulateon , devoteto, earn ones living /make a living, fromto , in common, keep ones word/promise, look forward to, make up ones mind, pay attention to 等，對解題很有幫助,第5題表示“在將來”是固定詞組in the future,6.根據(jù)語法知識進(jìn)行填空,第6題因there are是個句子，do not 應(yīng)是一個定語從句，從句缺主語，先行詞是人，應(yīng)填入 who.,7. 根據(jù)上下文語境與詞匯知識填充,指根據(jù)某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解答如下列各類動詞必須牢記：只能接-ing形式作賓語的動詞，只能接to do作賓語的動詞，接to do作補語的動詞,接do作補語的動詞，接或作補語的動詞，對句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，等等,第7題由time smoking可想到是spen