《語法專項訓練》PPT課件.ppt

1、語法專項訓練(五)數(shù)詞,英語數(shù)詞即表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞. 數(shù)詞有兩種: 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞. 表示數(shù)量多少的叫基數(shù)詞, 表示次序的叫序數(shù)詞. 注意以下數(shù)詞的拼寫:,one, the first；two, the second；three, the third；four, the fourth；five, the fifth；nine, the ninth；twelve, the twelfth；fifteen, the fifteenth；nineteen, the nineteenth；twenty, the twentieth；twentyone, the twentyfirst；thi

2、rty,the thirtieth；forty, the fortieth；eighty, the eightieth；ninetynine, the ninetyninth；etc.,考點一基數(shù)詞 1基數(shù)詞的形式 基數(shù)詞中112是獨立單詞, 1319的基數(shù)詞以后綴-teen結(jié)尾, 2090八個整十位數(shù)數(shù)詞以后綴-ty結(jié)尾. 表示其他兩位數(shù)詞, 十位與個位之間用連字符“-”:,twenty-three, seventy-five, etc. 百位數(shù)與十位數(shù)之間, 英式英語用and連接, 美式英語一般不用: three hundred and sixty-five days；eight hund

3、red and twenty-two students, etc. 2基數(shù)詞的用法,3.基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式 (1)表示確切數(shù)字時, ten, hundred, thousand, million只用單數(shù)形式, 不能加-s. (2)dozen(十二), score(二十), head(一頭)等表示確切數(shù)字時不用復數(shù)形式, 但在表示不確切數(shù)字時要用復數(shù):,two dozen bottles of beer；dozens of times；four score and six years；scores of students (3)表示“幾十”的數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式可用來表示人的歲數(shù)或年代. She die

4、d in her forties. This story took place in the 1950s.,考點二序數(shù)詞 1序數(shù)詞的形式,2.序數(shù)詞的基本用法,考點三倍數(shù) 1倍數(shù)既可以表示增加, 也可以表 示減少, 分數(shù)也在此列；表示增加、減少時包括基數(shù), 相當于“乘、除”. (1)通常說“增加了X倍”, 不包括基數(shù), 純增加；若是“增加到X倍”或“是原來的X倍”, 則包括基數(shù).,The machine improves the working conditions and raises efficiency four times. 這種機器改善了工作條件, 提高了4 倍的工作效率.,(2)分

5、數(shù)的構(gòu)成: 基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞； 基數(shù)詞(分子)大于1時, 序數(shù)詞(分母)用復數(shù). one third 1/3, one fifth 1/5, one twentieth 1/20, two fifths 2/5, three sevenths 3/7, five ninths 5/9 2倍數(shù)比較的表示法,.單句填空 用括號里適當?shù)膯卧~或短語完成下 面的句子 1It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was _(a three-hours, a three-hour)journey.,a three-hour,解析:

6、考查“不定冠詞基數(shù)詞連字符單數(shù)名詞”的用法. 連字符連接的詞作定語且其中的名詞用單數(shù).,2It is reported that the floods have left about _(two thousand, two thousands) people homeless. 解析: hundred, thousand, million等 前面有具體的數(shù)字表達具體的數(shù)量 時, 這些詞不用復數(shù), 后面不加of；運用復數(shù)時, 后面加of則表達“概數(shù)”.,two thousand,3Several _(million, millions)people in the world are sendin

7、g information by e-mail every day.,million,4He has read _(hundred, hundreds) of books in his life. 解析: hundred 前面沒有具體數(shù)字, 后of 應(yīng)用復數(shù), 表示“概數(shù)”.,hundreds,5_(Two fifth, Two fifths)of the land in that district _ (is, are)covered with trees and grass. 解析: 考查分數(shù)表達. 分子大于1時, 分母要加s. 分數(shù)表示整體的一部分, 謂語用單數(shù).,Two fifths,

8、is,6He did it _ (one-third time, one-third the time)it took me. 解析: 考查倍數(shù)the名詞.,one-third the time,7Louise Brown, the _ (worlds test-tube first baby, worlds first test-tube baby)is 70 years old now.,worlds first test-tube baby,8I hear _ (quite a few, quite a little) boys in your school like playing f

9、ootball in their spare time, though others prefer basketball. 解析: 根據(jù)后面的“boys”是可數(shù)名詞, few 修飾可數(shù)名詞, 故填quite a few.,quite a few,9It is not rare in the _ (90,90 s) that people in their _ (fifty, fifties) are going to university for further education. 解析: 前者指年代, 用“the基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)”；后者指年齡, 用“ones基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)”.,90s,fifti

10、es,10She went to the bookstore and bought _(dozens of books, dozen books) 解析: dozen 意為“一打, 十二個”, 與數(shù)詞連用時要用單數(shù), 與 of 連用時要用復數(shù)形式. dozens of 意為“若干, 許許多多”.,dozens of books,.語篇填空 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示用適當?shù)臄?shù)詞完成下面的短文. Have you ever seen 1._(一個) chimpanzee (黑猩猩) in a zoo？If not, better run and see one.Why？Because theyre i

11、n danger and there may soon be none left.,a/one,Chimpanzees were once found in 2._ (許多) African countries.But, last week a United Nations report said that they are disappearing from some countries fast. In Senegal, for example,many/a great number of,there are only 3._ (二 百) left.There used to be 4._

12、(幾千)Chimpanzees are also in danger in other parts of the world. Chimpanzees are a kind of great ape.There are three other kinds of great ape: gorillas,two hundred,several thousand,gibbons and orangutans, which are all in danger. There are about 5._ (四十萬) great apes in the world.“They all face extinc

13、tion, some soon, others within 6._(五十五年), ”,four hundred thousand,fifty-five years,says Klaus Topers, head of the UN Environment programme. “Over 7._(百分之九十六) of great apes DNA is like ours.If we lose them, we will destroy a part of ourselves, ”says Klaus.,ninety-six percent,Why are chimpanzees in da

14、nger and how can we save them？Thats because of humans.We are killing them and destroying the forests where they live.According to the UN report 8._(數(shù)千計的) chimpanzees die each year because of humans.,thousands of,Some people kill them for money.But 9._ (三分之二) of them die after humans cut down the forests where they live, which means great apes have no place to live a