非謂語動詞與從句

1、非謂語動詞相關(guān)從句1. 非謂語動詞概述：2. 非謂語動詞與名詞性從句3. 非謂語動詞與定語從句4. 非謂語動詞與狀語從句There are some people insisting that they shouldnt learn English. 一、 非謂語動詞概述：動名詞Ving；現(xiàn)在分詞Ving; 過去分詞ved; to do不定式 1. 分詞短語從本質(zhì)上而言：是由動詞派生而來的形容詞。如，a sleeping baby, a used car, a frightening experience, a frightened child, etc.A baby who is sleep

2、ing. A car which is used2. ving形式由動詞的主動形式派生而來；表示主動的動作或正在進(jìn)行的動作Ved形式由動詞的被動形式派生而來：表示被動的動作或已完成的動作The fallen leavesThe falling leavesThe custom fascinates me. The fascinating custom has been the subject of many books.The baby will sleep until eight.Try not to wake a sleeping baby. Some movies are rated X

3、. Children shouldnt see X-rated movies. My leg was broken in three places. My broken leg is healing slowly. The sinking ship= the ship that was sinking The sunken ship=the ship that has sunken. Falling leaves=Fallen leaves=3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)：表示分詞的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞動作之前。Having doneThe students had solved most of

4、the problems without any help.Having solved most of the problems without any help, the students were exhilarated. After they have solved most of the problems without.4. 動名詞 Ving；既有動詞的特征，可以帶賓語，也有名詞的特征可以充當(dāng)句子的主語，賓語，定語，補語。They are considering buying the house before the prices go up.Getting mad at other

5、s means other people are getting control of your emotions. A sleeping car; a swimming pool; a reading room.A sleeping boy; a swimming woman; a reading student 5. 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：這種結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中作主語或賓語。 Toms coming home at last was a great consolation. Do you mind my making a suggestion? Mary insisted on my reading

6、 the letter.6. 動名詞的被動式和完成式I still remember being taken to the zoo for the first time.I remember my parents taking me to the zoo for the first time.I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.7. to do不定式 To err is human; to forgive, divine. I hope to see you again.I t

7、hink it hard to answer the question in a word. I have a letter to write.二、非謂語動詞與各分句1. 動名詞、不定式與名詞從句：由陳述句變來的，即由that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句一般轉(zhuǎn)化成動名詞來表達(dá)，通常采用動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的形式。由疑問句變來的，即由whether或what等引導(dǎo)的名詞從句一般簡化為不定式。主語從句That John won the marathon surprised us.Johns winning the marathon surprised us.That he lost the game came as

8、 a surprise to everybody.His losing the game came as s surprise to everybody. 同位語從句There was no chance that Davy would come from the battle alive.There was no chance of Davy coming from the battle alive. We were greatly encouraged by the news that China had launched another man-made satellite.We wer

9、e greatly encouraged by Chinas launching another man-made satellite. 賓語從句 (看從句的動詞)I consider that I will emigrate to America in the future.I consider emigrating to America in the future. Janes mother insisted that she should go swimming with her brother.Janes mother insisted on her going swimming wi

10、th her brother. I hope that I can drive to work in my own car.I hope to drive to work in my own car. She cant decide whether she should go with him or stay home. She cant decide whether to go with him or stay home. I dont know what I should do.I dont know what to do. Please tell me how I can get to

11、the bus station.2、與定語從句（只有當(dāng)關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語時，才能把定語從句簡化為短語）The people who were responsible for the incident were all punished.The girl who was standing in the cornerThe girl who is standing in the cornerThe girl who stood in the cornerThe girl who stands in the corner 都可簡化為：the girl standing in the corne

12、r. 所以簡化后的表達(dá)不準(zhǔn)確。一般說來，被the only, the last, the next序數(shù)詞和最高級形容詞修飾的名詞，其后所接的定語從句往往用不定式來替換。You are the only one that can understand me.You are the only one to understand me.The next train that arrives is from New York.The next train to arrive is from NY. Clint was the second person that fell into this trap

13、.3、與狀語從句1. 狀語從句與分詞：特點主句與從句主語必須一致才可以簡化。 如果不一致可以用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來簡化。A tighter cant be tamed unless it is caught very young.A tighter cant be tamed unless caught. After I finished my home work, I fed the dog.Having finished my home work, .After finish my home work, .While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep.（用獨立主格簡化）While the teacher being lecturing to the class, I fell asleep. 2. 狀語從句與不定式：能夠簡化為不定式的狀語從句一般只有目的狀語從句。在英語中作目的狀語幾乎成了不定式的專屬功能。I turned off the TV in order that