做夢(mèng)也能增強(qiáng)記憶力？(

1、過去人們常常認(rèn)為做夢(mèng)會(huì)影響睡眠質(zhì)量，從而使記憶力減弱。而最新研究卻顯示，做夢(mèng)可使人的記憶力增強(qiáng)，并幫助人們更好地解決問題?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，人如果睡覺時(shí)夢(mèng)境連連（dream-filled），那么醒后的記事能力和關(guān)聯(lián)事物的能力都會(huì)顯著增強(qiáng)。People who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are significantly better at recalling information and making links between facts when they wake, scientists found.科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些睡覺時(shí)夢(mèng)境連連的人們，醒來時(shí)記憶力和關(guān)聯(lián)事物的能

2、力都會(huì)顯著增強(qiáng)。But recharging with a shallow nap offers no such mental boost, the research suggests.但同時(shí)該研究顯示，如果僅僅是打個(gè)小盹，不會(huì)對(duì)腦力產(chǎn)生如此奇效。The results of the study add to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is crucial to the brains ability to lay down and consolidate memories.此前不斷有證據(jù)表明

3、，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠對(duì)大腦鞏固記憶的能力至關(guān)重要，而這一研究結(jié)果再次印證了該說法。An average nights repose includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night.夜間睡眠通常包括四到五個(gè)周期的快速眼動(dòng)睡眠，但直到天亮之前，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠間隔周期呈逐漸延長的趨勢(shì)。This means that adults who get less than the recommended seven to eight hours

4、a night and therefore insufficient REM sleep may be damaging their minds ability to form strong memories.這意味著，睡眠時(shí)間不足7-8小時(shí)的成年人形成牢固記憶的能力受到嚴(yán)重影響，因?yàn)樗麄儫o法保障充分的快速眼動(dòng)睡眠時(shí)間。Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.盡管快速眼

5、動(dòng)睡眠并不屬于深度睡眠的范疇，但只有在經(jīng)過深度睡眠后，大腦才能進(jìn)入快速眼動(dòng)睡眠狀態(tài)。For the most recent study, participants were shown groups of three words such as “cookie”, “heart” and “sixteen” and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words.在最新研究中，研究人員向參與者展示三個(gè)單詞譬如“cookie（曲奇）”、“heart（愛心）”以及“sixteen(16)”，同時(shí)他們需要找

6、到與這三個(gè)詞語相關(guān)的一個(gè)詞。In this example, the answer would have been sweet”.在這個(gè)例子中，正確答案應(yīng)該是“sweet（甜蜜）”這個(gè)詞。Participants were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a qui

7、et rest period.參與者在早上和下午各進(jìn)行了同樣的測試。而在兩次測試的中間，一些人進(jìn)行了短暫的快速眼動(dòng)睡眠；一些人雖然小睡但并未進(jìn)入快速眼動(dòng)睡眠狀態(tài)；還有一部分人只是安靜地休息了一會(huì)兒。The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups showed no improvement in their test results, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent.對(duì)于分別進(jìn)行簡單休息和無快速眼動(dòng)睡眠

8、小憩的兩組參與者，他們實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果并沒有任何進(jìn)步；而進(jìn)入快速眼動(dòng)睡眠的一組測試者，他們?cè)缟系臏y試成績提高了近40%。Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California in San Diego who led the study, believes that the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain which leads to creative problem-solving is e

9、ncouraged by neurological changes which occur during REM sleep.該研究負(fù)責(zé)人，加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校睡眠研究員薩拉梅德尼克認(rèn)為，大腦把之前儲(chǔ)存的信息聯(lián)系在一起，并最終形成創(chuàng)造性的解決問題的方案，這整個(gè)過程的催化劑便是快速眼動(dòng)睡眠中發(fā)生的神經(jīng)變化。Scientists have been working on connections between sleep, dreams and brain activity since the REM state was first identified in 1953 by US researc

10、hers.自1953年美國研究人員首次確認(rèn)快速眼動(dòng)睡眠狀態(tài)以來，科學(xué)家一直致力于研究睡眠、夢(mèng)境以及大腦活動(dòng)三者之間的聯(lián)系。They found that people woken while their closed eyes made jerking movements recalled much more colourful and elaborate dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)相對(duì)那些從其它睡眠狀態(tài)中醒來的人，從快速眼動(dòng)睡眠狀態(tài)中醒來的人更善于記住那些豐富多彩的夢(mèng)境。It is now believed that sleep acts as a sort of mental filing system, enabling the brain to sort relevant information that needs to be retained from useless information which can be discarded. This process may take place as memories are shifted from one part of the brain to others.現(xiàn)在人們堅(jiān)信，睡眠過程就