電動(dòng)叉車變速箱箱體的加工工藝及夾具設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書.doc

黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)1摘要本設(shè)計(jì)是電動(dòng)叉車變速箱箱體零件的加工工藝規(guī)程及一些工序的專用夾具設(shè)計(jì)。電動(dòng)叉車變速箱箱體零件的主要加工表面是平面及孔系。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，保證平面的加工精度要比保證孔系的加工精度容易。因此，本設(shè)計(jì)遵循先面后孔的原則。并將孔與平面的加工明確劃分成粗加工和精加工階段以保證孔系加工精度?；鶞?zhǔn)選擇以變速箱箱體的輸入軸和輸出軸的支承孔作為粗基準(zhǔn)，以頂面與兩個(gè)工藝孔作為精基準(zhǔn)。主要加工工序安排是先以支承孔系定位加工出頂平面，再以頂平面與支承孔系定位加工出工藝孔。在后續(xù)工序中除個(gè)別工序外均用頂平面和工藝孔定位加工其他孔系與平面。整個(gè)加工過(guò)程均選用組合機(jī)床。夾具選用專用夾具，夾緊方式多選用氣動(dòng)夾緊，夾緊可靠，機(jī)構(gòu)可以不必自鎖。因此生產(chǎn)效率較高。適用于大批量、流水線上加工。能夠滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。關(guān)鍵詞：變速箱；箱體；加工工藝；專用夾具；黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)2AbstractThedesignisaboutthespecial-purposeclampingapparatusofthemachiningtechnologyprocessandsomeworkingproceduresofthecargearboxparts.Themainmachiningsurfaceofthecargearboxpartsistheplaneandaseriesofhole.Generallyspeaking,toguaranteetheworkingaccuracyoftheplaneiseasierthantoguaranteetheholes.Sothedesignfollowstheprincipleofplanefirstandholesecond.Andinordertoguaranteetheworkingaccuracyoftheseriesofhole,themachiningoftheholeandtheplaneisclearlydividedintoroughmachiningstageandfinishmachiningstage.Thesupportingholeoftheinputbearingandoutputbearingisastheroughdatum.Andthetopareaandtwotechnologicalholesareasthefinishdatum.Themainprocessofmachiningtechnologyisthatfirst,theseriesofsupportingholefixandmachinethetopplane,andthenthetopplaneandtheseriesofsupportingholefixandmachinetechnologicalhole.Inthefollow-upworkingprocedure,allworkingproceduresexceptseveralspecialonesfixandmachineotherseriesofholeandplanebyusingthetopplaneandtechnologicalhole.Themachiningwayoftheseriesofsupportingholeistoboreholebycoordinate.Thecombinationmachinetoolandspecial-purposeclampingapparatusareusedinthewholemachiningprocess.Theclampingwayistoclampbypneumaticandisveryhelpful.Theinstructiondoesnothavetolockbyitself.Sotheproductefficiencyishigh.Itisapplicableformassworkingandmachininginassemblyline.Itcanmeetthedesignrequirements.Keywords:Gearbox；machiningtechnology；special-purposeclampingapparatus黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)3目錄摘要Abstract第1章緒論11.1概論11.2課題的研究現(xiàn)狀11.3課題的研究方法1第2章叉車變速箱的工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)42.1零件的分析42.1.1零件的作用42.1.2零件的工藝性分析42.2變速箱箱體加工的主要問(wèn)題和工藝過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)所應(yīng)采取的相應(yīng)措施52.3變速箱箱體加工定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇52.3.1粗基準(zhǔn)的選擇52.3.2精基準(zhǔn)的選擇52.4變速箱體主要加工工序安排62.5機(jī)械加工余量和工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的確定72.6確定切削用量及基本工時(shí)112.7本章小結(jié)28第3章專用夾具設(shè)計(jì)293.1加工工藝孔夾具設(shè)計(jì)293.1.1定位精準(zhǔn)的選擇293.1.2切削力的計(jì)算與夾緊力的分析293.1.3加緊元件及動(dòng)力裝置的確定303.1.4鉆套，襯套，鉆模板及夾具體設(shè)計(jì)313.1.5夾具精度分析33黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)43.1.6夾具設(shè)計(jì)及操作的343.2粗銑前后端面夾具設(shè)計(jì)353.2.1定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇353.2.2