ZL50裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)說明書.doc

-0-太原科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（2008屆）ZL50裝載機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)單連桿工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名學(xué)號院系專業(yè)指導(dǎo)教師日期-1-ZL50裝載機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)六連桿工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)摘要裝載機(jī)是工程機(jī)械的主要機(jī)種之一，廣泛用于建筑、礦山、水電、橋梁、鐵路、公路、港口、碼頭等國民經(jīng)濟(jì)各部門。本文中參閱了大量的土方機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)參考書，其中大多數(shù)是有關(guān)裝載機(jī)方面的，有的是工作裝置單一構(gòu)件的設(shè)計(jì)，有的則是整個工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)，并且有許多有關(guān)工作裝置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方面，各參考所涉及到的裝載機(jī)雖然型號不同，研究的方法也有差異，但綜合起來基本上也概述了現(xiàn)行的設(shè)計(jì)方法。國外裝載機(jī)發(fā)展迅速，而我國裝載機(jī)在設(shè)計(jì)上存在很多問題，其中主要集中在可靠性、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)度等方面。而工作裝置對于裝載機(jī)來說又是重中之重，所以工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)好壞直接影響到裝載機(jī)的使用壽命以及工作效率等。雖然現(xiàn)在市場上的裝載機(jī)已經(jīng)日趨成熟，但對其進(jìn)行改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)仍有非常重要的意義，尤其是裝載機(jī)的工作裝置。裝載機(jī)工作裝置的轉(zhuǎn)斗六連桿機(jī)構(gòu)是由與液壓缸，鏟斗相關(guān)聯(lián)的兩個四連桿機(jī)構(gòu)組合而成。輪式裝載機(jī)在作業(yè)時，靠改變液壓缸的長度來使鏟斗獲得所要求的收斗角和卸料角。機(jī)構(gòu)中各桿件長度及其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)確定后，需要對該機(jī)構(gòu)作某些特定計(jì)算，以判斷機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的正確性。在工作循環(huán)中速度與加速度變化合理；油缸活塞行程為最佳值；工作裝置運(yùn)動平穩(wěn)、無干涉、無死點(diǎn)、無自鎖；動臂從最底位置到最大卸載高度的舉升過程中，保證鏟斗中物料不灑落；在卸載后，動臂下放至鏟掘位置鏟斗能自動放平。關(guān)鍵詞工程機(jī)械，裝載機(jī)，工作裝置-2-TheTurnWithershins6-linkWorkEquipmentDesignofZL50WheelLoadersAbstractTheloaderisoneofthemainkindoftheengineeringmachinery,usedineverydepartmentofnationaleconomysuchasthebuilding,mine,waterandelectricity,bridge,railway,highway,port,quayextensively.Inthisarticlehasreferredthemassivefolkrecipesmachinerydesignreferencebook,majorityistherelatedcarloaderaspect,someareworkstheequipmentsolecomponentdesign,somethenistheentireworkinstallmentdesign,andhasmanyrelatedworkinstallmentsoptimizationdesignaspect,eachreferenceinvolvestothecarloaderalthoughthemodelisdifferent,theresearchmethodalsohasthedifference,butsynthesizedbasicallyhasalsooutlinedthepresentdesignmethod.Theoverseasloaderdevelopmentisrapid,butourcountrycarloaderhasverymanyproblemsinthedesign,mainlyconcentratesinaspectandsoonreliable,structuraldesignintensity.Butworkstheinstallmentregardingtheloadertosayalsoisextremelyimportant,thereforetheworkinstallmentdesignisgoodandbadaffectsdirectlythecarloaderservicelifeaswellastheworkingefficiencyandsoon.Althoughinthepresentmarketcarloaderalreadydaybydaywasmature,butcarriedontheimprovementdesigntoitstilltohavetheextremelyvitalsignificance,inparticularloaderworkinstallment.Loadingthemachineworkequipsofturnthecontainersixconnectpoleorganizationisfrompresswithliquidanurnof,thecontainermutuallyconnectionoftwofourconnectthepoleorganizationcombine.Atypeloadsthemachineathomework,ispressedbytheliquidofchangesanurnlengthstomakesthecontaineracquiredrequestsofaccepttheCapeofthecontainerwithunloadtoanticipatetheCape.Eachpoleininsideinorganizationalengthanditsconstructionparametercertainempress,needtomakethesomeandparticularcalculationtothatorganization,theaccuracythattojudgetheorganizationthedesign.Inworkedcirculationthespeedchangeswithaccelerationthereasonable；Theoilapistonrouteoftravelisthebestvalue；Theworkequipsthesportsteady,havenotointerferewith,havenothedeadcenterandhavenofromthelock；Movethearmfrommostthebottompositionarrivesthebiggestunloadingtoraisetorisetheprocessinsidehighly,guaranteeingthecontainertheinsidethematerialdonotspreadtofall；Afterunloading,movethearmdescendtoputtothecontainertodigthepositioncontainercanputautomaticallyeven.KEYWORDSConstructionMachine,WheelLoaders,WorkEquips-3-目錄中文摘要1英文摘要2目錄3前言51.裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)概述61.1裝載機(jī)工作裝置設(shè)計(jì)概述61.2結(jié)構(gòu)型式選擇62.鏟斗的設(shè)計(jì)82.1鏟斗設(shè)計(jì)要求82.2鏟斗斗型的結(jié)構(gòu)分析92.2.1切削刃的形狀92.2.2鏟斗的斗齒92.2.3鏟斗的側(cè)刃102.2.4斗體形狀102.3鏟斗基本參數(shù)的確定102.4斗容的計(jì)量122.4.1幾何斗容(平裝斗容)122.4.2額定斗容(堆裝斗容)133.工作裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)143.1工作機(jī)構(gòu)連桿系統(tǒng)的尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)153.2機(jī)構(gòu)分析153.3設(shè)計(jì)方法153.4尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的圖解法163.4.1動臂與鏟斗、搖臂、機(jī)架的三個鉸接點(diǎn)G、B、A的確定163.4.2