八年級人教版下冊知識點學(xué)習(xí)與鞏固：unit3couldyoupleasecleanyourroom

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?詞組1. could you please你能嗎？/請你干.好嗎？ 2. do the dishes 洗餐具3. sweep the floor清掃地板 4. take out the trash倒垃圾 5. make ones bed鋪床 6. fold ones clothes疊衣服 7. clean the living room 清掃客廳 8. stay out late晚歸 9. his fathers reason他父親的理由 10. get a ride搭車 11. use ones computer 使用某人的電腦 12. hate sth./to do sth.討厭某事/做某事13. do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes洗衣服14. make breakfast, make dinner, do some cooking 做飯 15. wash the car刷車16. work on 從事，忙于 17. work at學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、在上下工夫 18. borrow some money借一些錢 19. invite sb. to do sth邀請某人做某事 20. go to the store去商店 21.agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事 22. agree with sb. =agree with what one says同意某人的意見23.（需了解） make a deal作成交易make a face做鬼臉；make a fool of捉弄，使出洋相make friends with與交朋友make a name for himself成名make a note of注意，記下來make free with擅自使用make fun of取笑makeinto把作成，使變成make it成功，到達某處make ones living維持生活make ones way to前往某處make room騰出地方make up編造make use of利用 24. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入) 25. lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借給某人某物(借出) 26.ask for要求得到、要求見到 27. take care of = look after照顧、照看、照料take good care of=look afterwell 28. need some help需要一些幫助 29. come over過來 30. get angry生氣 31. have a test考試 32. make a clean sweep of 徹底掃除知識要點1. -Could you please take out the trash ? 你能把垃圾倒掉嗎？- sure . 當然可以。 could: (1) could表示請求，語氣委婉，顯得有禮貌。 eg. Could you please clean your room ? 你可以打掃你的房間嗎？ 肯定回答：Yes , I can . / Yes , sure / Yes , of course . 是的，我可以。 否定回答：Sorry , I cant . I have to do my homework . 對不起，我不得不做作業(yè)。 另外Would you mind doing sth .也可表示請求。 eg . Would you mind cleaning your room ? 你介意去打掃你的房間嗎？ No , Id like to .不，我很樂意。(2) could表示請求許可，希望得到允許。 eg . Could I (please) go to the movies ? 我能去看電影嗎？ 肯定回答：Yes , you can . / Yes , sure . 當然可以。 否定回答：No , you cant .不，不行。 (3) could與can的區(qū)別 could與can都是情態(tài)動詞，could是can的過去式。二者都可用于表示請求。但是用法稍有不同。 can表示一般性的請求，語氣隨便，常用于熟人之間或長輩對晚輩，上級對下級的場合； eg. Can you tell us your story , Tony ? Tony，你能給我們講講你的故事嗎？ could表示有禮貌的請求，語氣委婉，常用于非熟人之間或晚輩對長輩，下級對上級的場合。 eg. Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia ? 請告訴我們，澳大利亞冬天下雪嗎？ Sure . 當然可以。 take out：意思是“取出、拿出”。這是一個動副詞詞組。名詞放在out前或后都可以，但代詞必須放在take和out中間。e.g. These apples went bad, please take them out. 這些蘋果壞了，請拿出去。 He took out his food and began to eat. 他拿出食物，吃了起來。 2. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。hate 作動詞，意為“ 討厭，憎恨，不喜歡”，后面可跟名詞、動詞不定式to do 及動詞-ing 形式作賓語，通常不用于進行時態(tài)。鏈接 hate 的反義詞為love，love的用法與hate 相同，后面也跟名詞、動詞不定式to do 及動詞-ing 形式作賓語。3. Do you like to do the laundry? 你喜歡洗衣服嗎？I like to make breakfast. 我喜歡做早飯。 本單元用了不少以動詞“make”和“do”帶出的詞組。一般來說，動詞“make”多用于需要生產(chǎn)或建造的事物，而動詞“do”則常與表示工作、責任和體力勞動的名詞搭配。如：make a cake 做蛋糕 make a face 做鬼臉 make the bed 鋪床 do exercise 做運動 do the dishes 洗餐具 do some shopping 買東西 so some washing 洗衣服典型例題1. Could you please (do) it again? 解析 答案：do。本題考查could you (I) please + 動詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)。2.-Could you help me take it to the classroom?- _.A. Yes, I could. B. No, I couldnt. C. Sorry, but yes. D. Sorry, I cant. 解析 答案：D。本題主要考察could 提問時，否定回答用cant,而不是用couldnt. 3.- Could I borrow your car? - Sorry, _ I need it. I _ go to a meeting.A. but, have to B. and, have to C. or, need D. /, neednt解析 答案：A。本題考查sorry, but固定搭配，這是英語習(xí)慣用法，but不翻譯。4. Peter doesnt like to stay at home. He likes (be) outside.解析 答案：to be. 本題考查like to do sth. 喜歡做某事。like 后跟動詞原形，be動詞的原形仍然是be.5.That boy hates (swim). 解析答案：swimming 或to swim.本題主要考察hate to do或hate doing 結(jié)構(gòu)。知識要點1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我可以邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？- No, you cant. 不，不可以。 invite， 邀請。常用在兩個結(jié)構(gòu)中：invite sb. to sth.(some place) 邀請某人到某地；invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事。e.g He invited his pen pal to China. 他邀請他的筆友到中國來。 Who invited you to climb the mountain? 誰邀請你們爬山的？2.borrow some money 借一些錢 borrow vt. 借入；借來 May I borrow your dictionary? 相關(guān)搭配 borrow sth. from 從借 borrow trouble 自找麻煩 辨析 borrow, lend, keep borrow: borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借 lend: lend sth. to sb. 把某物借給某人 keep: 本意為“保存，保留”，引申為“借用”，用于表示借用的時間長度，是延續(xù)性動詞，可以和表示一段的時間狀語連用。 這本書我能借多久？ How long can I borrow this book? (錯) How long can I keep this book? (對)3. Thanks for taking care of my dog. take care of 短語動詞，意為“照顧、照看、照料”，相當于look after。e.g. My mother takes good care of my dog every day. 媽媽每天悉心照料我的狗。 I cant go to school today. I have to take care of my mother at home. 今天我不能不上學(xué)了，我得在家里照顧我媽媽。4. Mine is at home. 我的在家里。 mine,名詞性物主代詞。相當于一個名詞使用，在句中做主語、賓語等。其后不能再加名詞。e.g Your backpack is here, mine is over there. 你的書包在這里，我的在那里 Your skin is lighter than mine. 你的皮膚比我的亮。 She is an old friend of mine. 她是我的一個老朋友。 Whose bag is this? Its mine. 這是誰的包？我的。辨析：my, 我的，I的所有格，形容詞性物主代詞，修飾名詞。e.g my parents/ my feet/ my jacket 我的父母/ 我的腳/我的夾克衫 It wasnt my fault, I promise. 這不是我的錯，我發(fā)誓。典型例題 1. - Are the physic problems difficult? - Yes. Very few students could _.A. work on them B. work it out C. work on it D. work them out解析答案 D。本題主要考察短語動詞的含義。work on 致力于、從事；work out 算出。根據(jù)題意“這些物理題難嗎？ 是的，很少有學(xué)生能算出來?！笨芍瑧?yīng)該用them來代替第一句中的physic problems。2. - Can I _ this book? - Yes, but you mustnt _ it to others. A. lend, borrow B. borrow, keep C. borrow, lend D. lend, keep 解析答案C。本題主要考查borrow和lend的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意“我能借這本書嗎？可以，但你一定不能借給別人?！笨芍谝痪溆谩敖枞搿保琤orrow；第二句用“借出”，lend。3.- How long may I _ this book?- No more than three weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. had 解析 答案 B。本題主要考察how long 與延續(xù)性動詞的搭配。borrow, 借入，非延續(xù)性動詞。keep，借，延續(xù)性動詞；lend，借出，非延續(xù)性動詞；have, 買，延續(xù)性動詞。根據(jù)題意“這本書我能借多久？不超過三個星期。”，選keep。4. I found an old toy of _ under the bed. A. me B. my C. mine D. I解析 答案 C。本題主要考察代詞的用法。me，我，賓格，在句子中做賓語。my，我的，形容詞性物主代詞，后面加名詞。mine，我的，名詞性物主代詞，單獨使用，后面不能加名詞。I，我，主格，在句子中做主語。根據(jù)句意“我在床底下找到了我的一個舊玩具”，此處mine相當于my toys.隨堂達標一、根據(jù)漢語填入正確的單詞。1. Could I (借) your new storybook, John?2. You can (邀請) your good friends for the dinner.3. Students shouldnt take (小吃) to the class.4. Please help me (喂養(yǎng)) my birds on the weekend.5. Ann, take good (照顧) of your little sister.二、填入適當?shù)慕樵~完成句子。1. My cousin often borrows books the library.2. Miss Li likes children and she often plays them.3. Does your brother often take his dog a walk after dinner?4. Thanks helping me do the housework.5. James invited me his new house for a visit last night.三、完成下列同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. We are going to take good care of your pet birds.We are going to your pet birds .2. I want to invite my friends to the school party.I want to my friends to the school party.3. They enjoyed themselves in the aquarium yesterday.They in the aquarium yesterday.4. He visited my house three days ago.He to my house three days ago.5. Lets go for a walk with the dog.Lets the dog .四、下列各句均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。1. Could you please to clean the classroom?2. You may go out, but first you have to finishing your work. 3. I dont like math, so its too difficult. 4. Do they often play with he? 5. Could I borrow any money from you? 6. The scientist worked at the experiment(實驗) for five years. 五、語法練習(xí)1. Thanks me such beautiful pictures.A. to send B. of sending C. and send D. for sending2. Could you get milk us?