名詞性從句高三語法復(fù)習(xí)課：名詞性從句.ppt

高中語法專題,名詞性從句,大家的問題,1.小組討論。 2.小組展示問題 3.小組展示討論的結(jié)果 4.小組討論后，還需要老師幫助的問題。,1.You know that my flat is opposite to this building. 2. That my flat is opposite to this building is known to you all. 3. It is known to you all that my flat is opposite to this building. 4. The fact that my flat is opposite to this building is known to you all. 5. I am worried about whether you can find my flat. 6. What I am worried about is whether you can find my flat.,Object Clause,Subject Clause,Subject Clause,Predicative Clause,Appositive Clause,Object Clause,Find the clauses and tell the function of them:（找從句、說功能）,Subject Clause,分類介紹一:主語從句,1.主語從句的連接詞,例:(1).That he will win is certain. (2).It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase. (3).Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. (4).Whether hell join us in the discussion is of great importance.,1).連接詞: that, whether,例: (1).It is clear who is afraid of having a change in land ownership. (2).Whose bag it is can not be told. (3).What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer. (4).It is not yet decided which cash crop (商品作物) will be produced next year. (5).Whatever he said was right. (6).Whoever goes there must get ready by 6 oclock.,2).連接代詞: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever,3).連接副詞: when, where, why, how, how many, how much ，how long, how soon, how often,例:(1).When well start will be told soon. (2).Where we can buy oxen is something we need to find out. (3).Why he came here is not known. (4).How we can protect the grain from damp needs to be discussed. (5).How many people died from starvation that year will never be known. (6).How often hell go to see his grandmother depends on the time he can spare.,2.注意點(diǎn),1).主語從句一律用陳述句語序,即主語在前,謂語在后. 例: 誤: When will he come is not known.,2).連接詞that在從句中無實(shí)際意義,但不能省略. 例: 誤: He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,正: When he will come is not known.,正: That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.,3).whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句,但if不能. _his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if,4).whoever, whatever, whichever等詞可以引導(dǎo)主語從句, 但no matter who, no matter what 等不能.,Whoever breaks the school rules must be punished.,試比較：Whoever breaks the schools rules, he must be punished. =No matter who breaks the school rules, he must be punished.,B,讓步狀語從句,5).為避免主語冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. It is known/reported/thought/said/that It is clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/that It is a pity/a shame/an honour/ that It doesnt matter whether It seems / appears that It happens that It hasnt been decided that It is a fact / surprise that It occurred to me that.（我忽然想起）,二.賓語從句,1.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞: 賓語從句的連接詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞相同.,2.注意點(diǎn),1).賓語從句一律用陳述句的語序. 2).引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連詞that也無實(shí)際意義,多數(shù) 情況下可以省略. 3).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句 但: (1).當(dāng)whether后緊跟or not時(shí),不用if. 例: I dont know _I will stay or not. (2).介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if. 例: I worry about _ I hurt her feeling.,whether,whether,4).that在賓語從句中的省略與保留 (1).在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補(bǔ)+that從句 (真正賓語) 的句型中不省略. 例: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. (2).由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語 從句中,that 不省略. 例: He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.,三.表語從句,1.表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞: 基本上與主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同.連詞除了that, whether(不用if)外,還可以用because.在連系動(dòng)詞seem,look之后還可用as though (as if ). (1).That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year. (2).The question was when the butcher was likely to come back from the town. (3).The fact remains that a change in land ownership is needed in India. (4).That is what he told us. (5).It seems as if it is going to rain.,2.注意點(diǎn),1). 表語從句一律用陳述句的語序. 2).表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that無實(shí)際意義,但不能省略. 3).表語從句只能用whether,而不能用if 引導(dǎo). 4).不要使用 The reason is because that 句型, 應(yīng)使用 The reason is that 或 This / it /that/ is because等句型. 例如: 今天早上他遲到的原因是因?yàn)槁飞闲腥颂? 誤: The reason why he was late this morning is because that there was a lot of traffic on the road.,正: The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road. 或:He was late this morning. That was because there was a lot of traffic on the road.,四.同位語從句,1.同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞: that 2.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別: 如果that作從句中的某一成分,則是定語從句,如果that不作從句中的任何成分,則是同位語從句. 例: (1). I had no idea that it was so late. (主系表 結(jié)構(gòu),that 不作從句中的成分,同位語從句) (2).I still remember the place that we visited last year.(主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),that作從句中的賓 語,定語從句),1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.,判斷：定語從句(AT) , 同位語從句(AP),2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.,4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.,AP,AT,AP,AT,AP,3.that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句前面的名詞常見的有: idea, fact, news, belief, thought, doubt, suggestion; proof, message, order, conclusion, desire, theory, truth, word 等. 1）The fact that he was killed made us surprised. 2）I have no idea when he will be back. 3）We heard the news that our team had won. 4）Can you find the answer to the question what was wrong with the computer? 5）He made a suggestion that we (should) read some original English literature works.,注意區(qū)分,例句： 1）What he said is true. =_ 2）He is not what he used to be. = _ 3） I know what you need. _ 4） That he was chosen made us very excited. 5）The trouble is that she has lost his address. 6）I think (that) hell be all right in a few days.,The thing that he said is true.,He is not the kind of person that he used to be.,What=all that,選擇:that / what,1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _ we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,練習(xí)1：whether與if 主語從句，表語從句，同位語從句以及介詞賓語從句都用whether 引導(dǎo)；if 和whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但是whether可以連用or not; if 不能。,例句： 1._ he will go or not is not clear. （主） 2.The question is _the TV play is worth watching.（表） 3.The news _our team has won the match is unknown.（同位） 4.Im interested in _ hell come or not. (介詞賓語從 句) 5.I want to know _you have received my invitation (賓),Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether / if,高考題演練：,（10福建）35. We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 35. 答案：C 考點(diǎn)：賓語從句 解析：空格在句中充當(dāng)賓語,（10湖南）35. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 35. 答案D 考點(diǎn)：考查名詞性從句。 解析：該空引導(dǎo)賓語從句，根據(jù)句意“辦公室中沒人知道她為什么如此生氣”可判斷選D項(xiàng)。,（10天津）14. As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which 答案： B. 考點(diǎn)：考查名詞性從句。 句意：作為一名新畢業(yè)生，他不知道需要什么才能在這里開始經(jīng)營(yíng)。 解析：空格后的從句中takes是動(dòng)詞，其后缺少賓語，所以引導(dǎo)該賓語從句的連接詞要用what。,（10北京）33. _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 33. 答案：B 考點(diǎn): 本題考查主語從句。 句意：一些人眼中的缺點(diǎn)是別人眼中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 解析：從句中缺賓語，只能用B. what來引導(dǎo). C.中的That引導(dǎo)主語從句不做成分。,（10浙江）1How about camping this weekend, just for a change? OK, you want. Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 答案：C 考點(diǎn)：本題考查引導(dǎo)詞。 解析：句意：“這個(gè)周末野營(yíng)怎么樣，來點(diǎn)新鮮的？”“好啊，按你的意思吧！”根據(jù)語境分析出后者支持前面的提出的觀點(diǎn)。,（10上海）36. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 答案：A 考點(diǎn)：此處考查的是同位語從句。 解析：考察that引導(dǎo)同位語從句的用法。此處that不可以省略。,（10湖北）74. The news _（房?jī)r(jià)將要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall) 74. 答案：that the housing price will fall 考點(diǎn)：同位語從句 解析：用 “that” 引導(dǎo)同位語從句，“房?jī)r(jià)”譯成 “housing price”。,（10 山 東）26. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which 答案:B 考點(diǎn)：本題考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 解析：句意應(yīng)為“在大甩賣開始前，我把孩子們?cè)谙聜€(gè)季節(jié)里要用到的東西列了一個(gè)清單?！狈治鼍涫浇Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中充當(dāng)need的賓語，所以B項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)正確。which 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)多表示疑問且要有一個(gè)明確的范圍。,37. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_. A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 答案：B 考點(diǎn)：本題考查賓語從句。 解析：which引導(dǎo)的句子做know的賓語，句子用陳述語序。,（10四川）14How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy 答案：B 考點(diǎn)：考查介詞后的賓語從句。 解析：根據(jù)句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知應(yīng)是和誰去，故選B。句意為“一個(gè)人旅游多么享受很大程度上取決于他和誰去，無論是他的朋友還是親戚?！?（10全國(guó)）33. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where 33題 答案：D 句意：我們還沒有討論把我們的新家具放在哪里