分析化學(xué)英語(yǔ).doc

I. vocabularyabsorbance吸光度absorption 吸收acetic acid 乙酸acetone 丙酮acetonitrile 乙腈aliquot 等份（試液）aluminum foil 鋁箔American Chemical Society (縮寫(xiě)ACS) 美國(guó)化學(xué)會(huì)ammonium acetate 乙酸銨analyst 化驗(yàn)師，化驗(yàn)員analytical chemistry 分析化學(xué)aqueous 水的，含水的argon 氬（氣）autosampler 自動(dòng)進(jìn)樣器beaker 燒杯bibliography 參考書(shū)目blender 混合器，攪拌機(jī)buffer solution 緩沖溶液burette 滴定管cartridge 柱管centrifugation 離心Chemical Abstracts (縮寫(xiě)CA) 化學(xué)文摘chemical analysis 化學(xué)分析chromatograph 色譜儀chromatogram色譜圖 cloud point extraction（縮寫(xiě)CPE）濁點(diǎn)萃取collision gas 碰撞氣confidence level 置信水平conical flask 錐形瓶cone voltage 錐電壓daughter ion 子離子desolvation gas 脫溶劑氣derivatization 衍生化，衍生（作用）dichloromethane 二氯甲烷Diode array detector （縮寫(xiě)DAD）二極管陣列檢測(cè)器dilution 稀釋?zhuān)╪.）disperser solvent 分散劑dispersive liquidliquid microextraction 分散液液微萃取distilled water 蒸餾水dropping pipet 滴管electrochemical analysis電化學(xué)分析electrode 電極electrolyte 電解質(zhì)electromagnetic spectrum 電磁波譜electrospray ionization (縮寫(xiě)ESI ) 電噴霧離子化eliminate 消除（v.）eluate 洗出液eluent 洗脫劑elute 洗脫 (v.)elution 洗脫（n.）Encyclopedia of analytical chemistry 分析化學(xué)百科全書(shū)The Engineering Index （縮寫(xiě)EI ） 工程索引enrichment factor 富集因子Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (縮寫(xiě)ELSD) 蒸發(fā)光散射檢測(cè)器extract 萃?。╲.）、萃取物 (n.)extraction efficiency 萃取效率filter 過(guò)濾（v.）、過(guò)濾器(n.)filtrate 濾出液filtration 過(guò)濾fluorescence熒光fluorometry熒光分析法formic acid 甲酸funnel 漏斗gas chromatographymass spectrometry (縮寫(xiě)GCMS) 氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry （縮寫(xiě)GCMS/MS）氣相色譜-串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜gel filtration chromatography凝膠過(guò)濾色譜法gel permeation chromatography凝膠滲透色譜法graduated cylinder 量筒high performance liquid chromatography (縮寫(xiě)HPLC) 高效液相色譜homogenate 勻漿 (n.)homogenize 使均質(zhì)，將打成勻漿hydrophobic 疏水的identification 鑒定Impact Factor影響因子incubation time 溫育時(shí)間Index to Scientific Technical Proceedings （縮寫(xiě)ISTP） 科技會(huì)議錄索引indicator 指示劑instrumental analysis 儀器分析inter-day precision 天間精密度intra-day precision 天內(nèi)精密度interference 干擾internal standard 內(nèi)標(biāo)ion exchange chromatography離子交換色譜法ion source 離子源limit of detection （縮寫(xiě)LOD）檢出限limit of quantitation (縮寫(xiě)LOQ)定量限linearity 線性linear range 線性范圍linear regression equation 線性回歸方程liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry （縮寫(xiě)LC-MS/MS）液相色譜串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry （縮寫(xiě)LC-ESI-MS/MS）液相色譜電噴霧串聯(lián)質(zhì)譜liquid-liquid partition chromatography 液液分配色譜法liquid-solid adsorption chromatography 液固吸附色譜法mass analyzer 質(zhì)量分析器Mass Spectrometer 質(zhì)譜儀mass spectrum 質(zhì)譜圖 mass-to-charge ratio 質(zhì)荷比matrix effect 基質(zhì)效應(yīng)maximum absorption 最大吸收maximum value 最大值measuring pipet 吸量管methanol 甲醇micelle 膠束microwave assisted extraction 微波輔助提取minimum value 最小值mobile phase 流動(dòng)相molar concentration摩爾濃度molarity 摩爾濃度mole 摩爾monograph專(zhuān)著Multiple-reaction monitoring 多反應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)(縮寫(xiě)MRM)negative ionization mode 負(fù)離子（化）模式nitrogen 氮（氣）normal phase liquid chromatography正相液相色譜法nominal concentration 標(biāo)示濃度optimization 優(yōu)化outlier 離群值parent ion 母離子pipette 移液管 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 多環(huán)芳烴positive ionization mode 正離子(化)模式potentiometry電位法preconcentration 預(yù)濃縮precursor ion 前體離子（又稱(chēng)母離子）primary literature一次文獻(xiàn) product ion 產(chǎn)物離子（又稱(chēng)子離子）quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry 四極桿-飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜（縮寫(xiě)Q-TOF MS）qualitative analysis 定性分析quality assurance and quality control （縮寫(xiě)QA/QC） 質(zhì)量保證和質(zhì)量控制quantification 定量quantitative analysis 定量分析 reconstitute 重組、復(fù)溶（v.）recovery 回收率 refractive index detector 折光指數(shù)檢測(cè)器，示差折光檢測(cè)器relative abundance 相對(duì)豐度relative standard deviation （縮寫(xiě)RSD）相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差reproducibility 重現(xiàn)性reversed phase liquid chromatography（縮寫(xiě)RPLC）反相液相色譜法Royal Society of Chemistry（縮寫(xiě)RSC）英國(guó)皇家化學(xué)會(huì)Science Citation Index （縮寫(xiě)SCI ） 科學(xué)引文索引Science Citation Index Expanded (縮寫(xiě)SCIE) 科學(xué)引文索引擴(kuò)展版Scientific notation 科學(xué)計(jì)數(shù)法signal to noise ratio （縮寫(xiě)S/N）信噪比size exclusion chromatography尺寸排除色譜法secondary literature二次文獻(xiàn)solid-phase extraction （縮寫(xiě)SPE） 固相萃取solid-phase microextraction （縮寫(xiě)SPME） 固相微萃取spike 添加（v.）standard solution標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液stationary phase 固定相 stirring bar 攪拌棒stoichiometric point化學(xué)計(jì)量點(diǎn)surfactant 表面活性劑supernatant 上清液syringe 注射器tap water 自來(lái)水Teflon 聚四氟乙烯tetrahydrofuran 四氫呋喃titrant 滴定劑titration滴定trace analysis 痕量分析Ultra performance liquid chromatography (縮寫(xiě)UPLC) 超高效液相色譜Ultraviolet/Visible Spectrophotometry 紫外/可見(jiàn)分光光度法vacuum 真空vessel 容器volumetric flask 容量瓶volumetric analysis容量分析法voltammetry 伏安法nanometer 納米（nm） microgram 微克（mg） picogram 皮克（pg） milligram 毫克（mg） femtogram 飛克（fg） II. Terms and their definitionsAccuracy 準(zhǔn)確度 A measure of the agreement between an experimental result and its expected value.Analysis 分析A process that provides chemical or physical information about the constituents in the sample or the sample itself Analyte 被測(cè)物，被分析物The constituent of interest in a sample Calibration curve 校準(zhǔn)曲線 The result of a standardization showing graphically how a methods signal changes with respect to the amount of analyte.Calibration method 校準(zhǔn)方法The basis of quantitative analysis: magnitude of measured property is proportional to concentration of analyteChromophore 生色團(tuán)A functional group which absorbs a characteristic ultraviolet or visible wavelengthGradient elution 梯度洗脫 The process of changing the mobile phases solvent strength to enhance the separation of both early and late eluting solutes.Gravimetric analysis 重量分析 A type of quantitative analysis in which the amount of a species in a material is determined by converting the species into a product that can be isolated and weighed.Isocratic elution 等度洗脫the use of a mobile phase whose composition remains constant throughout the separation.Matrix 基質(zhì)All other constituents in a sample except for the analytesMethod blank 方法空白 A sample that contains all components of the matrix except the analyte.Outlier 離群值Data point whose value is much larger or smaller than the remaining data.Precision 精密度 An indication of the reproducibility of a measurement or resultQuantitative analysis 定量分析The determination of the amount of a substance or species present in a material.Quantitative transfer 定量轉(zhuǎn)移 The process of moving a sample from one container to another in a manner that ensures all material is transferred.Selectivity 選擇性 A measure of a methods freedom from interferences as defined by the methods selectivity coefficient.Significant figures 有效數(shù)字The digits in a measured quantity, including all digits known exactly and one digit (the last) whose quantity is uncertain.Spectrophotometry 分光光度法. An analytical method that involves how light interacts with a substanceStock solution 儲(chǔ)備液 A solution of known concentration from which other solutions are prepared.Titration curve 滴定曲線 A graph showing the progress of a titration as a function of the volume of titrant added.Validation （方法）確證，驗(yàn)證 The process of verifying that a procedure yields acceptable results.Titration error 滴定誤差The determinate error in a titration due to the difference between the end point and the equivalence point.Robust method 廣泛適用的方法A method that can be applied to analytes in a wide variety of matricesRugged method 穩(wěn)健的方法 A method that is insensitive to changes in experimental conditionsMass Spectrometry 質(zhì)譜法An analytical method which is based on ionization of gas phase molecule followed by analysis of the masses of the ions producedIII. Common knowledges1. Some key journals in Analytical Chemistry: Analytical Chemistry Trends in Analytical Chemistry Journal of Chromatography A Journal of Chromatography B Analyst Analytica Chimica Acta TALANTA Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry ELECTROPHORESIS2. Types of articles published in scientific journals: Full Length Research Papers Rapid Communications Reviews Short Communications Discussions or Letters to the Editor (Some journals publish all types of articles, while others