英語諺語中的比喻修辭The Tropes in English Proverbs.doc

英語諺語中的比喻修辭The Tropes in English Proverbs Abstract All know English proverbs are charming. Proverbs are widespread. /d-412218391.html They simple but meaningful. They are vivid and humour, which they are the typical of aesthetic rhetoric and represents treasure of English language. They are wisdom of English people. Using rhetoric is an important reason why the English are charming. Among them, the tropes are the most common rhetoric. , I analyze the tropes in English proverbs in this paper. Tropes can be into simile, metaphor, analogy, allegory, metonymy and synecdoche. This focuses on simile, metaphor and synecdoche. paper is divided into four chapters. They are introduction, literature review, and conclusion. The first chapter introduces the tropes of English proverbs. second chapter makes a simple introduction about the importance of the tropes in proverbs. Then this paper makes a brief analysis of the simile, metaphor and in English proverbs. It includes their definition, structure and semantic . The article lists lots of examples to explain them. Sometimes they are in Chinese to make readers understand easily. The final chapter concludes thesis. article helps us understand the meaning of the tropes in English proverb. If can understand the semantic effect in English proverbs, we can comprehend and these English proverbs better than before. Key words: English proverbs; tropes; simile; metaphor; synecdoche 摘要 英語諺語具有永恒的魅力，英語諺語內(nèi)容十分廣泛，且具有言少意多、言淺意深、生動形象、幽默風(fēng)趣、觀點(diǎn)鮮明等特點(diǎn)，是美學(xué)修辭的典范，是英語語言的瑰寶，是英語民族智慧的結(jié)晶。其中修辭格的廣泛運(yùn)用是其魅力的一個重要原因，比喻又是最常用的修辭手法。因此在本文中，我詳細(xì)介紹了英語諺語中比喻修辭的手法并分析。比喻可分為明喻、暗喻、借喻、諷喻、換喻和提喻。本文主要就比喻中的明喻、暗喻、提喻修辭進(jìn)行深入探討。 本 文共分四章。其中第一章對英語諺語的修辭手法做了簡單介紹。第二章介紹了英語諺語以及修辭的背景。第三章分別對明喻、暗喻、提喻進(jìn)行分析，包括他們的定義，結(jié)構(gòu)以及引起的語義效果。文中列舉了大量例子來佐證這幾種比喻手法，并進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，并在其中穿插了中文解釋，幫助我們更容易理解這些諺語的意義。最后，總結(jié)全文， 這篇文章幫助我們理解了英語諺語中比喻修辭手法的涵義，如果我們能理解這些修辭手法在諺語中引起的效果，那么我們也能更好的理解和應(yīng)用這些諺語。 關(guān)鍵詞：英語諺語；比喻修辭格；明喻；暗喻；提喻 Content摘要 . Introduction. 1 . Literature review. 2 . Simile. 2 .1 The definition of simile. 3 .2 The basic format of simile. 3 .2.1 As style. 3 .2.2 Like style 4 .2.3 What style. 5 .2.4 And style . 5 .3 The semanti/d-412218391.htmlc effect of simile 5 . Metaphor. 7 .1 The definition of metaphor. 7 .2 The basic format of metaphor. 8 .2.1 Conceptual metaphor. 8 .2.2 Coalescent metaphor. 8 .2.3 Implicative metaphor 9 .2.4 Symbolic metaphor 10 .3 The semantic effect of metaphor. 10 . Synecdoche. 11 .1 The definition of synecdoche 11 .2 The basic format of synecdoche. 11 .3 The semantic effect of synecdoche. 12 . Conclusion . 13 . Introduction regards to the ever lasting charm of the English proverbs, there are various , the most important of which is the extensive use of English rhetorical devices. rhetorical background of the English proverbs concerns their sources and the of western rhetorics. The purpose of the use of rhetoric such as antithesis, , rhyme and analogy is to make the proverb spread widely. proverb is a valuable property in British folklore. It embodies the s experience of life and struggle, which is the most vivid, harmonious and but simple and popular sentence. It is accumulated by hundreds of people generation to generation. proverbs are created by working people. It uses short pithy linguistic to express. It often uses tropes, metonymy and contrast to describe the of the laws of nature. English proverbs are the summary of social . Therefore, English proverbs are concrete and vivid. use of rhetoric is essential in English writing. With the rhetoric, we can our thoughts and emotions better. English proverb is a stationary statement widespread among the masses of people. It plays an important role in language. the same time, the vocabulary of English proverb is often easy to understand but . essence, most of the English proverbs contain tropes, which makes proverbs specific, concise and euphemism. Generally speaking, the application of tropes English proverbs can make people understand and remember them more eahtmlsily. include metaphor, simile, synecdoche, allegory, metonymy, allegory etc. some areas, the study of rhetorical is a complex and interesting subject. In this space, I would only discuss the applications of three kinds of tropes. . Literature review proverbs come from the practice and they reflect the practice. They are and full of philosophy. They are popular with people and pass down by generation. Then why are English proverbs so charming? There are kinds of reasons. The main reason I think is the extensive use of the rhetoric. simple words can tell the reader a complicated principle. That is the benefit of use of rhetoric. to the modern view of rhetoric, it aimed at improving the semantic . Rhetoric is divided into two parts. They are communicative rhetoric and rhetoric. In communication rhetoric, we put the emphasis on the clear , fluent sentence and strict structure. But in aesthetic rhetoric, we often pay to its aesthetics. In aesthetic rhetoric, we can imagine the situation in our through its attractive words. is a language form that all kinds of the language have. They are used everywhere. At the same time, proverb is a typical example of aesthetic . It is a treasure of the English language. It is the wisdom of the English . Because of the extensive using of rhetorical in English proverb, it is simple vivid, pithy but meaningful. We can find many rhetorics in English proverbs. They the beauty of the English proverbs. the other hand, trope is the most important and common rhetoric. It is an part in rhetoric. It is an outstanding symbol in English proverbs. In other , no tropes, no proverbs. . Simile is the simplest and basic rhetoric. In order to depict the image of a person something clearly, people often compare something or someone who has the same with other person or things. .1 The definition of simile 10 Dictionary of Literary Terms defined simile as：A figure of speech in which thing is likened to anotherIn such a way as to clarify and enhance an imageIt is comparison (as opposed to the metaphor where comparison is implicit) by the use of words like or as (Craige 2002:36). The word like and as are called introductory word of the simile. The format of simile is the signified the introductory word the signifier. Word like, as, as if, as though, as.as, as.so, to, to bear a re-semblance to are common introductory word. definition of simile in the Word Net English-English dictionary is a figure of that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed like or as). to this authority and broad definition of simile, it is a rhetoric which one thing like the other thing. In a common way, the signified has the same with the signifier. There are lots of common introductory words like as, , as if, as though, such as and so on. The basic format of simile is A is like B or A is as . as B. It also has other forms: virtual style, that style, than style, the style and and style. Simile is usually used in advertisement and technology text because it shows the similar between one thing and the other thing. can understand the description of the object and spirit easily. Among them, the is the object to be described, while the signifier is the object which is to people. .2 The basic format of simile .2.1 As style are two forms. One is the word aswhich is placed after the word be to as predicative. Such as: An honest mans word is as good as his bond.(誠實(shí)人的諾言, 如同他立下的契約一樣可靠). Another is the word as which is placed after the verb to act as adverbial. For example: Children pick up words as pigeon peas, utter them as God shall please (小孩學(xué)舌如鸚鵡, 再次說出無口誤), He bides fast as a cat bound to a saucer (守候得牢靠就像守候食碟的貓). Sentence which 11 guided with the word as is relatively rare in English proverbs. However, phrases are guided with word as can be found everywhere. Such as: as busy as a bee, deep as the sea, as fine as sand, as gentle as a breeze, as healthy as an ox, as as a wolf , as light as a cloud, as pure as spring water, as regular as the clock, white as snow, as wild as a tiger. we can see from these examples, in these phrases, the word as is followed adjective which describe the characteristics of something to guide the simile. .2.2 Like style guided by the word like can either be placed after the copula or after the verb. When it comes to the sentence, it is placed after action verbs to serve as . For example: Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.(無目標(biāo)的生活,就象無羅盤的航行); A man without religion is like a horse without a .(沒有信仰的人就像沒有韁繩的馬);A man of words and not of deeds is like a full of weeds. (只說不做的人,猶如光長野草的花園). A face without a smile like a lantern without a light (沒有笑容的臉蛋猶如沒有亮光的燈籠); A broken is like broken china: we can mend it , but we can never erase the scars(破碎的心好比破碎的瓷器: 我們可以修補(bǔ)它, 但永遠(yuǎn)也不可能消除其傷痕); and so on. the saying, only a few simile which is guided by the word like is placed after verb to act as adverbial modifier. Such as: A merry heart does good like a (保持快樂的心情就像藥物一樣有益); They agree like two cats in a gutter. (像溝里的兩只貓一樣情投意合). the other hand, English is replete with phrases including words like. Such : to drink like a fish, to eat like a horse, to fly like a bird, to shine like gold, to sing a lark, to sleep like a log, to swim like a duck, to twinkle like a star, to work like a and so on. these phrases, the simile guided by the word like is placed after action verb serve as adverbial modifiers. At this time, the characteristic of the verb is described by using something we are familiar with. .2.3 What style are two common styles: A is to B what C is to D and What C is to D, A is B. For example: Reading is to the mind, what exercise is to the body(讀書對身心之重,恰如運(yùn)動之于身體). Intellect is to the mind what sight is to the body (智力對思想猶如視力對于身體一樣重要). word what also can be put at the beginning of the sentence instead of the of sentence. They are usually used to tell the importance between two things. For : What the blue print is to the builder, the outline is to the writer (提綱對于作家猶如藍(lán)圖對于建筑師一樣重要). What salt is to food, that wit and humor are to and literature (妙語與幽默之于會話與文學(xué),恰似鹽對于食物一樣). above two examples is the second style. The word that connects main and subordinate clause. But usually word thatcan be omitted. .2.4 And style is a special kind of simile structure, which is common in English proverbs. particular simile compares two collocation elements which are before and after word and. But word and in this situation can not be understood as together, means like here. For example: Love and cough cannot be hid. It means Love is cough that they could not be escaped from the eyes and ears. In Chinese, it means 戀愛如同咳嗽，難逃人耳目. For another example: Truth and rose have thorns about .(真理象玫瑰那樣多刺). Books and fr