初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-句子成分精講個(gè)性化教案

個(gè) 性 化 教 案教師姓名學(xué)生姓名上課時(shí)間6.15周天早上9：00學(xué)科英語(yǔ)年級(jí)初二教材版本人教版課題名稱初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法句子成分精講教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、 知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能掌握句子的主要成分、次要成分2、 能力目標(biāo)：通過(guò)本課學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生能夠清楚地劃分出句子的各個(gè)成分，理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)3、 情感目標(biāo)：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣，提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的自信心4、 學(xué)習(xí)策略：學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)舉一反三、對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)能夠及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)加以鞏固；學(xué)生多開口讀，培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感重、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)中的前置定語(yǔ)及后置定語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、系表結(jié)構(gòu)、狀語(yǔ)教學(xué)過(guò)程Step1 導(dǎo)入句子：最小的交際單位，能夠獨(dú)立地表達(dá)人的思想。（與學(xué)生談?wù)摼渥拥亩x，導(dǎo)入句子成分。）Step2 課堂呈現(xiàn)教師講解1、句子成分：主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、系動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。注意：祈使句（省略主語(yǔ)，不言自明）Stand up! Be careful!主語(yǔ) I study in Yu Cai Middle school.2、兩大核心謂語(yǔ) He wrote a short note.主要成分：主、謂、賓、系、表次要成分：定、狀、補(bǔ)、同教師講解學(xué)生舉例、分析成分；教師點(diǎn)評(píng)主語(yǔ) 1、“什么人”、“什么事物”2、句子中需要加以說(shuō)明或描述的對(duì)象。3、位置：一般位于句首The school is far from here.名詞做主語(yǔ)He came to knock at the window to ask for help. 代詞做主語(yǔ)Eight is a lucky number. 數(shù)詞做主語(yǔ)The blind need more help.名詞化的形容詞做主語(yǔ)Running is good for your health.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)What he did is right.從句作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)1、“做什么”“是什么”“怎么樣”2、由動(dòng)詞be、動(dòng)詞have和行為動(dòng)詞來(lái)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。3、句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。4、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往由一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加上主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成。1、 動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者。2、 及物動(dòng)詞必須跟賓語(yǔ)。及物動(dòng)詞:直接接賓語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.不及物動(dòng)詞:不能直接帶賓語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.3、賓語(yǔ)可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成.4、 雙賓語(yǔ)一般結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞+人（間賓）+物（直賓）5、 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)（賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：對(duì)賓語(yǔ)做出說(shuō)明）賓語(yǔ)+名詞賓語(yǔ)+形容詞賓語(yǔ)+介詞短語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+分詞賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定式6、it形式賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句，賓語(yǔ)用it代替，真正的賓語(yǔ)移至賓補(bǔ)后The phone is ringing. I have nothing but the ten fingers of my hands.He works as a volunteer.I caught a bad cold, and I had a sore throat.I have been working so hard these days for the big exam.We can help each other in learning a foreign language.I saw a plane in the sky just now. This tells us how to eat a balanced diet.You just need three.He decided to buy a new car.I like going shopping.We think predicting the future is hard.雙賓語(yǔ)：He give her some money.(=He give some money to her.)My parents bought me a computer.(=My parents bought a computer for me.)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：We call him “Uncle Tom”.We must keep our classroom clean.They found themselves on a hill.I heard her singing in the room.I heard her sing in the room.形式賓語(yǔ)I found it easy to ask this question.Do you think it no use talking about it?You can put it that it was arranged before.系動(dòng)詞1、 與表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等2、 常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞與感覺(jué)有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞：look/sound/smell/taste/feel等表狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞“變得”“變成”，get/grow/turn/become等All you have to do is to listen.This kind of cloth feels very soft.This flower smells very sweet.She grew rich within a short time.He became mad after that.表語(yǔ)位置：用于系動(dòng)詞后；構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)定語(yǔ)1、 定語(yǔ)修飾名詞或代詞(即漢語(yǔ)的)2、 形容詞作定語(yǔ)(一般放在被修飾語(yǔ)之前即前置,修飾不定代詞時(shí)放在后面即后置)多個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞（口訣：“美小圓舊黃，法國(guó)木書房”）3、 數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)帶有數(shù)字的復(fù)合形容詞.用連字號(hào)連接時(shí),其中的名詞要用單數(shù)形式.4、副詞作定語(yǔ)(放在被修飾詞之后)5、介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)(放在被修飾詞之后)They have a clever son.I have something important to tell you.two beautiful big long new green silk evening dressa two-day holiday a three-year-old boyDo you know the young man over there?The students in our class like swimming.狀語(yǔ)1、 修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞或副詞,有的修飾全句2、 用以說(shuō)明地點(diǎn), 時(shí)間, 方式, 程度, 原因, 目的, 結(jié)果, 條件, 讓步等副詞作狀語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)不定式作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)3、 狀語(yǔ)的位置在一般情況下,用于句末為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ),可以把它放在句首表頻度的副詞通常用于行為動(dòng)詞前,be動(dòng)詞后4、 兩個(gè)或多個(gè)狀語(yǔ)同時(shí)修飾時(shí)的順序地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)在前, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在后較小單位的狀語(yǔ)在前,由小到大一個(gè)句子有幾個(gè)不同種類的副詞作狀語(yǔ), 其順序大都是: 程度副詞,方式副詞, 地點(diǎn)副詞, 時(shí)間副詞 He is playing under the tree. 表地點(diǎn)I have lived in Shanghai for five years. 表時(shí)間The old man is walking slowly. 表方式The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式He speaks English very well. 表程度As you are in poor health, you should not stay up lateI come here to see you. 表目的I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me. 表結(jié)果If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. （主將從現(xiàn)）表?xiàng)l件Though I believe it, I must consider. 表讓步狀語(yǔ)位置：We like our school very much.I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.I usually get up early.He is often late.多個(gè)狀語(yǔ)位置：We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.Mr. Li lives at Xiahe Rd., Xiamen, Fujian.She sang very well at the meeting last night.同位語(yǔ)前項(xiàng)與后項(xiàng)所指相同Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers.（寫作文時(shí)可使用同位語(yǔ)）輔助練習(xí)句子成分分析練習(xí)：We are working.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.You must get the car ready by tomorrow.It was very cold, so that the river froze. I have a lot of clothes to wash.His father left him some money.She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard. The girl students of Class Three are singing on the stage.Tom, my son, is