英語(yǔ)形容詞及副詞

1、,形容詞及副詞,用以修飾名詞，表示事物的特征的詞。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.,什么叫形容詞?,在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)等成分,e.g. He is a good student. I have something important to tell you.,當(dāng)形容詞修飾由some-,any-,no-,every- 構(gòu)成的不定代詞時(shí),形容詞要放在這些 不定代詞的之后. e.g.,Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?,作定語(yǔ),The trees turn green in sp

2、ring. We are alone on the island.,只能作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)的形容詞 你能說(shuō)出幾個(gè)？,alone afraid awake asleep alive able,作表語(yǔ),形容詞和賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)e.g.,We must keep the classroom clean.,He made us happy.,作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),Colour it green.,形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)構(gòu)成,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,bigges

3、t hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular more slowly,most difficult most popular most slowly,少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞可加-er或-est,規(guī)則變化,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,far

4、thest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不規(guī)則變化,形容詞原級(jí)的常用句型,Tom is as tall as Mike.,as+形容詞原形+as,There are as many students in our school as yours.,Tom is three times as old as Mike.,否定 not as+形容詞原形+as “和 不一樣” 或 not so+形容詞原形+as “不及不如,Tom is not as tall as Mike.,Tom is not so tall as Mike.,比較級(jí)+than,形容詞比較級(jí)的常用句型,This

5、 bridge is longer than that one.,Our school is larger than theirs.,表示兩者之間的選擇，可使用“Which is+ 比較級(jí)，or?”,表示不及另一方時(shí)，使用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”,Which is longer, this one or that?,This park is less beautiful than that one.,This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.,so+ 形容詞原級(jí)+that叢句,He is so big that he cant enter the r

6、oom bythe door ., too+原級(jí)+ to do sth.,He is too young to join the army.,形容詞原級(jí)+ enough to do sth.,“The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”,“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”,The smaller the house is, the less it will cost us the heat.,In spring, the days are getting longer and longer.,one of the+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù),形容詞最高級(jí)的常用句型,最高級(jí)+of (in),This is/ was the

7、最高級(jí)+名詞+that定語(yǔ)從句,Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.,This is the worst film that I have seen these years.,Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best.,B. 形容詞的構(gòu)成,1.名詞+ y變?yōu)樾稳菰~,n + y: rainy, sunny foggy stormy, windy, snowy, frosty, cloudy, lucky, healthy, sleepy, noisy, guilt

8、y,2.名詞+ ly變?yōu)樾稳菰~,n + ly: lovely, friendly, lonely, lively weekly, daily,3.名詞+ 其它后綴變?yōu)樾稳菰~：,n+ ful: careful, beautiful n+ less: careless, useless n+ ous: dangerous,1.He looked _ because he didnt pass the exam. (happy) 2.It is _ to shout at the old people. (polite),unhappy,impolite,Can you change the flo

9、wing words into opposites? +: possible _ patient_ +: correct_ active_ +: necessary_ friendly_ +: honest_ +: regular_,impossible,impatient,incorrect,inactive,unnecessary,unfriendly,dishonest,irregular,im,in,un,dis,ir,We can add prefixes to some adjectives to form opposites.,某些形容詞可以加上特定的前綴變成相應(yīng)的反義詞,用來(lái)修

10、飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其它副詞、全句或 名詞詞組及句子的詞。 e.g.,什么叫副詞?,very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc.,Scientists are worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer. Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air the air with something smaller

11、than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes to the lungs, is a major health threat.,really,Try to find out all the adverbs!,especially,directly,Air quality in the capital is bad because of the heavy fog. Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday, according to the China National Environmental Controllin

12、g Center. In Beijing, the lung cancer rate has increased fast during the past few years. Increasing air pollution might be blamed(v.把歸咎于 ) for the use of cars.Worsely, protective ways like wearing face masks help because the dust is small.,Try to find out all the adverbs!,very,hardly,too,1.修飾動(dòng)詞,2.修飾

13、形容詞,3.修飾副詞,4.修飾整句,goes directly to,are really worried,has increased quite fast,Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help,Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) w

14、hich goes directly to the lungs, is a major health threat. Beijings air was widely polluted on Monday, according to the China National Environmental Controlling Center. Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,1. 修飾動(dòng)詞,In Beiji

15、ng, the lung cancer rate has increased quite fast during the past few years.,When do we use adverbs ?,3.修飾副詞,Scientists are really worried that something in the air may lead to various diseases including lung cancer. Air quality in the capital is very bad because of the heavy fog. Worse, protective

16、ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,2.修飾在形容詞,Shi Yuankai, one of the famous doctors in Shanghai, said longtime stay in the harmful air especially the air with something smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) which goes directly to the lungs,

17、 is a major health threat. Worse, protective ways like wearing face masks hardly help because the dust is too small.,When do we use adverbs ?,4.修飾整句,We can take a walk, for the wind blows _ in March than in February. (gentle),Of all the pollution fighters, trees protect our environment _ (good). So

18、we should plant more trees.,_, we can save more electricity during Earth Hour. (actual),Actually,carefully,more gently,best,What can we do to save the earth?,sort v. 分類,We can sort the rubbish as _ as our classmates.(careful),1. 頻率副詞 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never I usually watch T

19、V. 2. 程度副詞 very, quite ,so, such ,really ,rather, too , enough Its very/so hot today. 3. 方式副詞(-ly) My father shouted at me angrily. 4. 疑問(wèn)副詞 how long, how far, how often, how soon, how much -How long have you been away from your hometown? -Since 5 years ago.,D. 副詞的分類,1. 在大多數(shù)的形容詞后加-ly sweetly, beautif

20、ully, loudly 2. happily, angrily, noisily 3. 4.以le結(jié)尾的，去e+y,E. 方式副詞的構(gòu)成,以e結(jié)尾,+ ly, nicely，politely，safely（true- truly）,輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加-ly,terrible-terribly, possibly, comfortably,1. 許多形容詞加-ly可以構(gòu)成副詞，但有些以-ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞。 如：friendly, lonely, lovely, lively, likely, daily,2. 有些形容詞和副詞同形： 如：early，late， f

21、ast，high，hard，straight （請(qǐng)注意hardly的意思及用法）,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：,1. much, still, a bit, even, far, a lot等常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí) *She is much taller than Mrs. Liu. *This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.,形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的注意點(diǎn)：,2. 在比較級(jí)中為了避免重復(fù)，在the后常用one，that,those等詞來(lái)替代前面提到過(guò)的名詞 Marys hair is the same color as her mot

22、hers. *The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai *This pen is shorter than that one.,副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成和形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成基本相同.e.g.,形容記的最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞the,副詞的最高級(jí)前可用可不用定冠詞the.,Attentions,Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.,Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.,fast-faster-fastest slowly- more slowly

23、 most slowly,1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious,2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far,3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _ A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest,C,C,Practice,A,4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large