中招詞法句法.ppt

1、,中考英語詞法、句法掃描,詞法 1。動詞 （1）行為動詞 I stayed at home and did some work. 我呆在家里做些事。 Ive just had a coffee, thanks. 謝謝，我剛剛用過咖啡。,It has not yet been announced who will judge the case. 誰來判這個案子還沒有宣布。 I dont know how to dress right. 我不知道怎樣穿著得體。,Dont expect money to buy you happiness. 別指望拿金錢去買快樂。 He was killed doi

2、ng his duty. 他以身殉職。, Organizations hope to improve the publics environmental awareness., Cancer strikes in every country in the world.,癌癥襲擊全球各國。,.,組織者希望提高公眾的環(huán)境意識。,（2） 持續(xù)動詞, Shakespeare lived from 1564 to 1616., We watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.,莎士比亞生于1564年，死于1616年。,我們注視著火車直到

3、它在遠處消失。, She wore a new dress for the ceremony.,她為參加慶典穿了一身新裝。, I hope it doesnt rain tomorrow.,我希望明天不要下雨。, He came round earlier but he only stayed for a few minutes.,他來得比較早可是只呆了幾分鐘。, I read about it in this mornings newspaper.,我是在今天的早報上讀到這個消息的。,（3） 及物動詞, She spread a cloth over the table.,她鋪了一張桌布。,

4、 I let him have my watch for his camera.,我讓他的相機和我的手表交換了一下。, It puzzled me why she agreed to come when she is so busy.,我奇怪她既然那么忙為什么同意來。, If you know the answer raise your hand.,如果知道答案就舉手。, The doctor told me to get more sleep.,醫(yī)生告訴我要多睡眠。,（4） 不及物動詞, Wait outside the door until you are asked to get in.

5、,在外面等著，叫你進來，你再進來。, It poured with rain throughout the night.,整夜大雨瓢潑。, The sun rises when it appears above the horizon.,太陽從地平線上升起。, Bombs were falling on the city all night.,整夜向這座城市投彈。, You cant expect the money to appear from nowhere.,不能要來路不明的錢。, I could see people moving to and for in the square.,我

6、看到人們在廣場上來來往往。, Were hoping for good weather, of course.,我們當然希望好天氣。, She often wished for a quieter life.,她總是希望過上安靜一點的生活。,（5） 及物與不及物動詞, The children greatly desire to come to Beijing.,孩子們最大的愿望是來北京。, He promised (me) not to interfere.,他答應不予干擾。, Write me when time permits.,時間允許的話寫封信來。,（6） 反身動詞, They dr

7、essed themselves like the villagers.,他們打扮成村民。, The little girl hid herself in the big box.,小姑娘把自己藏在大箱子里。, You may help yourself to the books on the shelf.,書在架子上，你自己拿。,（7） 系動詞, He went a child but returned an old man.,他走時還是孩童，歸時已是老人。, What you said sounds all right.,你說的聽上去還不錯。, The problem seems quit

8、e simple.,這個問題似乎挺簡單。, The plan proved practicable.,這個計劃證明可行。, Dont marry too young.,結婚不要太早。, Mr Wang Luobins story has long remained a mystery.,王洛賓的故事很久以來是個謎。,（8） 表感覺知覺動詞, I could smell he had been smoking.,我能聞出他抽煙。, My leg ached after long trip.,走長路后我的腿疼。, Im sorry; I hope I didnt hurt you.?,對不起，我沒

9、有傷害你吧？,（9） 表心理動詞, It is understood that you will come.,相信你會來的。, I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind.,我可以清楚地想象出這一景象。, I dont think he is right.,我認為他不對。, You cant believe how badly he drives.,你無法相信他開車技術有多糟。, I suppose we ought to wait till she arrives.,我想我們應該等她來。,（10） 表關系動詞, She owns a car but

10、rarely drives it.,她有一輛轎車但很少開。, Has this project been cost ?,這項工程估價了嗎？, Who does the house belong to ?,這房子屬于誰？, He couldnt prove that the crime is related to her., She often referred to you in the letters.,她常在信中提起你。,他不能證明罪行與她有關。,（11） 表情感動詞, Wed love you to come to dinner.,我們很愿意你來吃飯。, He cared for her

11、 deeply.,他深深地愛著她。, I detest him complaining.,我極討厭他發(fā)牢騷。, I dislike his doing it.,我不喜歡他做這事。, My husband hates going shopping.,我丈夫討厭逛商場。, She is a sweet women, who asked for nothing but to love and cherish her husband.,她是一個溫柔的女人，除了疼愛丈 夫別無所求。,（12） 短語動詞, I came across an interesting article in a magazine

12、.,我在一本雜志上偶爾看到一篇有趣的文章。, Well look into the matter thoroughly.,我們要徹底調查這件事。, The prize is 500 dollars, which works out to about 4,000yuan. 獎品是500美元，折合人民幣約為4000元。 My rent was paid for six months in advance. 我預付出了六個月的房租。, The tricks were meant to be seen only once.,這種把戲只能玩一次。, There are only four to choo

13、se from.,只有四種選擇。, He finally caught a sight of the village.,他終于看到了村莊, We are taking proper advantage of our opportunity.,我們在適當?shù)乩脵C會。, Ill be absent from work tomorrow.,我明天不上班。, I kept up with many of my old classmates.,我和老同學保持著聯(lián)系。,2 動詞時態(tài), Traffic accidents usually happen when people are not careful

14、enough.,人們不夠注意往往造成交通事故。, He disappeared from our lives 43 years ago.,他43 年前就不知去向。, Dont eat so many sweets, or your teeth will get worse.,不要吃很多甜食，那樣牙齒會壞。, She said she would buy a better house for her parents,她說她要給父母買一套好點的住房。, Ive come only for a few moments.,我已到了一會兒。, They will have received my ema

15、il now.,他們此時會收到我的email。, It was raining heavily then.,那時正下著大雨。, It was raining heavily then. 那時正下著大雨。 I wonder what you are doing now. 我想知道你在干什么。, Children will be taking their holidays soon.,孩子們很快要放假。, Kate told me that her husband would be coming next day.,卡特對我說她丈夫第二天要來。,11.What have you been doin

16、g all this time ? 你一直在干什么？,12.Tom died last night, he had been a good friend of mine.,別著急， 他會很快把所有這一切忘記的。,13.Dont worry, he will have forgotten all about it soon. 別著急， 他會很快把所有這一切忘記的。 14.He told us that the party would have arrived by two oclock. 他告訴我這一行人兩點鐘以前到達。,15. I shall have been working in the

17、company for 4 years by the end of this year. 到今年底我在本公司已經(jīng)工作四年。 16. I suppose that the play would have been running by then. 我想那部話劇到時會上演。,3動詞語態(tài), Smoking is forbidden here.,這里禁止吸煙。, Drivers were warned not to break the rules.,警告司機不要違規(guī)。, We hope that an agreement will be arrived at.,我們希望能達成協(xié)議。, The expe

18、riment has been planned since 1994.,自1994年就計劃了這個實驗。, She looked at the books that had been placed on the shelf.,她看了看已經(jīng)放在架子上的書。, He said the book would have been published by the end of this month.,他說這本書將在年底出版。, When we called, the tea was being served.,我們到的時候，正值上茶之際。, The sick girl is being taken go

19、od care of.,這個病女孩在受到很好地看護。, Waste things mustnt be thrown away everywhere. 廢物不能到處亂扔。 It could be seen that he was excited. 看得出來他很激動。,4助動詞, Do not touch the exhibits.,不要觸動展覽品。, Have you got the tickets for train?,你拿到火車票了嗎？, Each citizen shall carry his identification card when traveling.每個公民出行都要帶身份證。

20、 How can I get to the zoo ? 怎樣去動物園 ？, Beijingers will show you the way to the station. 北京人會指給你去車站的路。 Would you tell me your new address ? 告訴我你的地址好嗎？,5情態(tài)動詞, Beijing can be very hot in July.,七月的北京很熱。, You may phone the office .,你可以給辦公室打電話。,You might tell me the truth.,你要跟我說實話。, Passengers must not wal

21、k across the construction.,乘客不可跨越工地。, Oil will float on water.,油會浮在水面上。, He would go in spite of my warning.,他不聽我的警告還是要去。, If you work well, you shall have high wage.,假如你干得好，你就會拿高工資。, Dare he tell me what he knows ?,他敢于告訴我他知道的事情嗎？, It needs no explanation.,不必解釋。, Youd better be on time.,你最好準時。,11. W

22、e students ought to obey the rules.,我們學生應該遵守規(guī)定。,12. My husband used to drink beer.,我丈夫從前常常喝啤酒。,6虛擬語氣,If I were you , I would go there.,如果我是你， 我就到那去。, If only I had taken your advice.,要是我當初聽從你的勸導就好了。, But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.,如果不是暴風雨，我們本該早點到達。, I wish I had been more careful

23、 next time.,愿下一但次我會仔細些。, Its necessary that John take the exam first.,約翰有必要先參加考試, Its a pity that she miss the chance.,很遺憾她錯過了這次機會。, Anyone in his position would have done the same.,任何在他的位置上的人都同樣會做的。, The guard insisted that everyone show their passports.,衛(wèi)士堅持每人出示自己的護照。,7非謂語動詞不定式, I feel it my duty

24、to help others.,幫助他人是我的職責。, He found the door locked.,他發(fā)現(xiàn)門鎖住了。, To escape the pull of the earth, a rocket must reach a speed of 28440 km/h.,火箭需達到每小時28440公里的速度 才可脫離地球引力。, Where to go hasnt been decided.,到哪里去還沒有定下來。, Lets get a piece of music to listen to.,我們來聽一首曲子吧。, Come have a glass.,來喝一杯吧。, Dont c

25、ome till I tell you to.,我不通知你，你不要來。, Why not do it again ?,為什么不再做一遍呢？, To be brief, the matter stands thus.,簡而言之， 事情就是這樣。, I remember to lock the door.,記得要鎖門啊。,動名詞, Saying is easier than doing.,說比做要來得容易些。, Stop littering when walking in the street.,在街上走路不要扔紙屑。, After hearing the good news, all peopl

26、e were cheerful.,聽到這個好消息，人們歡呼雀躍。, Never give up trying again.,決不要放棄再試一次。, Ive enjoyed talking to you about it.,我很高興和你談論這個事情。, My mother is not in favor of my selling the piano.,母親不贊成我賣鋼琴。,現(xiàn)在分詞, My fathers story is very interesting.,我父親的經(jīng)歷很有意思。, Mr Chang is an honest and understanding man.,張先生是一位既老實又

27、出色的人。, He is a college student, studying China law.,他是一個學習中國法律的大學生。, Her blood pressure climbed sharply, reaching 190/100.,她的血壓陡然升高達190/100。, When using the machine, you must read the instuction first.,使用機器前先要看說明書。, Being surrounded, he was not able to get out of the crowd.,他因為被包圍無法脫出人群。,The boiling

28、 water is too hot to drink.,滾開的水太燙沒法喝。,過去分詞, She is an adopted child.,她是一個被收養(yǎng)的兒童。, Dont get very exhausted when you do exercises.,操練時不要太勞累。,The question mentioned again is very important.,重又提出的問題很重要。, Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable.,在書店度過時光最有樂趣。, He came in unnoticed.,從這個角度看，事情就沒那么嚴重

29、了。,沒有人注意到他進來。,Seen in this light, the matter is not so serious., I dont like to see you disappointed.,我不喜歡看到你沮喪的樣子。, This done, he left the office.,做完后，他離開了辦公室。, One gets used to all things.,人總是隨遇而安。,Youd better drink the boiled water.,你最好飲用涼白開水。,8 名詞, Youll find this map of great value in helping y

30、ou to get round London.,你會覺得這張地圖助你游覽倫敦大有用途。,Ill look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little patience. 我要盡快調查此事。只是要有耐心。, He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers.,他出版著名作家的作品發(fā)了財。, The coffee cup was broken.,這個咖啡杯子打碎了。,9 數(shù)詞, She became a famous scientist in her thirties

31、.,她三十多歲就成為一個著名科學家。, Shortly after the accident, two dozens of police were sent to the spot to keep order.,事故發(fā)生不久，有二十四名警察被派往 現(xiàn)場維持秩序。, The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.,地球是月亮的49倍大。, He wrote a two-thousand-word article the other day.,前幾天他寫了一篇兩千字的文章。,10代詞 Everyone said they would help. 大家都說要幫

32、忙。 -Can you come on Sunday or Saturday ? -Im afraid neither day is possible. 你是周日還是周六來呢? 恐怕哪一天也來不了。, Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember which.布萊克先生不是來自牛津大學就是來自劍橋大學， 我記不得是哪一所大學了。 I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.我希望有足夠的眼鏡為每一個客人準備一副。,11冠詞 Many peo

33、ple are still in the habit of writing silly things in public places.許多人仍舊習慣在公共場合亂寫亂畫。 Wouldnt it be a wonderful world if all nations lived in peace with one another?假如各國彼此和平相處，那不是很美好的世界嗎 ？,12介詞、介詞短語, The train leaves at 6:00pm. So I have to be at the station by 5:40.at the latest.,火車下午六點開車。 所以我必須最 晚

34、5點40分之前趕到車站。, If you keep on, youll succeed in time.,如果你堅持下去，遲早會成功的。, We congratulate him on having a new job.,我們祝賀他找到了新工作。, The diameter of a circle passes through the centre.,圓的直徑通過圓心。, On account of the weather, we had to cancel the projected outing.,由于天氣的原因我們只好取消了計劃 好的郊游活動。, On his doctors advic

35、e, he took a month holiday.他聽從醫(yī)生的勸告休假一個月。, They robbed him of every penny he had. 他被偷得分文全無。, He spoke to us of his experience in the air-raid on London. 他給我們講述了在倫敦空襲的經(jīng)過。,13連詞, Neither books nor pens nor a piece of paper was found on his desk.,他的桌上沒有書，沒有筆，就連一張紙 片都沒有。, Would you like a cup of tea firs

36、t or shall we get down to business right now ?,我們是先喝杯茶呢還是現(xiàn)在就著手談生意？, Smoking adds to the general level of air pollution as well as damage our health.,吸煙增加空氣污染的總體指標同時有害健康。, In case of emergency, telephone this number.,如果緊急，請撥打這個電話號碼。,14 形容詞, A man so difficult to please must be hard to work with.,一個挺難

37、取悅的人必定很難共事。, We often go to a park nearby on weekends.,我們周末經(jīng)常去附近公園。, We spent the last few sunny days there.,我們在那度過最后幾天晴朗的天。, My grandpa is a weak small old man.,我祖父是個瘦弱老人。, What he said sounds reasonable.,他說的聽上去有道理。, This is just as important an experiment as that.,這個實驗和那個實驗一樣重要。, He thought it saf

38、er to drive himself than let me do.,他覺得自己開車比讓我開車安全些。, I like apples best of all fruits.,所有水果中我最喜歡蘋果。, Draw a straight line on the paper.,在紙上劃一直線。,15 副詞, A new car is rather too much for me.,對我來說買輛新車太貴了。, Do come straight to the point.,開門見山。, This happened early in 1950.,這事發(fā)生在1950年初。, Of the three bo

39、ys, David runs fastest.,三個男孩中，大衛(wèi)跑得最快。, The shirt fits perfectly.,這件上衣很合體。, Things gradually improved.,情況逐漸改善。, The weather was rather worse than I had expected. 天氣比我們預期的要糟。, His lecture is interesting enough.,他的講座很有意思。,（9）Think first, then act. 先思后行。,16 構詞法（1） 合成法, My mother is a middle-aged teacher

40、.,我母親是一位中年教師。, Sino-Japanese trade has been expanding.,中日貿易一直在擴大。, I wrote a five-page summary of the situation.,我寫了五頁形勢總結。, Mr.Green is my brother-in-law.,格林先生是我的堂兄。, The Zhongguan Cun is now a heartland of science and technology.,中關村是科技的中心地帶。,（2） 派生法, We mustnt judge by appearance. (appear ) 我們不要以

41、貌取人。 Let me say this in conclusion. (conclude) 讓我這樣說作為結束。 Let me know the time of your arrival. (arrive) 請通知我你們到達的時間。 He was careful in performance of his duty. (perform) 他認真執(zhí)行任務。,（3）轉換法（前綴 / 后綴） 轉換法, That was very thoughtless of you. 你真是太不動腦子。 His house was very small and untidy. 他的房子又小又不整潔。, She w

42、anted to save her sister from unhappiness. 她想幫妹妹從不快中解脫出來。 The path was invisible. 小路看不見。 I dislike change my mind. 我不愿改變主意。,（4） 縮寫和簡寫 Entry to the WTO (the World World Trade Organization) will help China improveits development of economy.中國加入世界貿易組織會推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。 She has to take tests such as TOEFL (Test o

43、f English as a Foreign Language) andGRE (Graduate Record Examination).她必須參加如托福和GRE的考試。,句法基本句型（1） 主+謂+賓She smiled her thanks. 她以微笑答謝。 Every trade has its rules. 各行各業(yè)都有行規(guī)。,（2） 主+謂+賓+補 He wanted her mother to be in good health.他希望她的母親健康。We proved her wrong. 我們證實她錯了。,（3） 主+謂+賓+狀+補 Her husband made her h

44、appy. 她的丈夫使她感到幸福。I find him to be an honest man. 我認為他是一個誠實的人。,（ 4） 主謂一致 There are a great many angles to this matter. 看事情有許多角度。 There is no environmental damage. 環(huán)境沒有被破壞。 Mary and Jane went to the theatre with a friend of theirs. 瑪麗和珍尼是和他們的一位朋友一起去戲院的。,(5) 賓語的形式 I think it wrong to waste the resource

45、. 我認為浪費資源是錯誤的。 I hate troubling you. 我不愿給你添麻煩。 Do you know how to get there? 你知道如何到達那里嗎？,(6) 主句與從句 Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 愛麗斯受到老板的邀請，這使她感到驚訝。 Five years went by before he knew. 他五年之后才知道這件事。,(7) 獨立片語 This done, he watered the flowers in the garden. 做完了這件

46、事，他到花園澆花。 To tell the truth, I dont believe it at all. 說實話，我根本就不相信。 The waves beating violently against the shore , people could not hear her cry for help. 由于大浪瘋狂地拍打海岸，人們無法聽到她的呼救聲。, 簡單句（1） 陳述句 Little by little his savings accumulated. 他一點一點地積攢。 Thomas Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11,

47、1847. 托瑪斯愛迪生1847年2月11日生于俄亥俄，米蘭。,（2）疑問句 Did you decide to humor her ? 你決定對她遷就（讓步）了嗎？ Has she got a big flat ? 她有了一套大房子了嗎？ Is there anything wrong with the truck ? 這輛卡車出什么毛病了？What can I do for you ? 需要幫助嗎？,Shall we have a swim with your friends ? 我們和你的朋友一起游泳好嗎？ Nothing can stop us now, can it ? 沒有什么能阻

48、擋我們， 是不是？ Is your father a lawyer or a doctor ? 你的父親律師還是醫(yī)生？,（3）祈使句 Take care of your belongings. 保管好你的隨身用品。 Please write at your early convenience. 請早日寫信。 Do things the best way for the job. 工作要選擇最佳方式。,Never neglect to take care of your health. 千萬不要忽略保重身體。Dont forget that communication is a two-way

49、thing. 切記任何交流都是雙向的。 Keep the environmental sanitation in the scenic spot. 維護景區(qū)內環(huán)境衛(wèi)生。,（4）感嘆句 What a pretty bird ! 多么美麗的鳥啊！ Look out ! Be careful where you put your feet. 注意看腳下！ How well you look ! 你看來多么健康 ！, 復合句（1） 定語從句 I know some farmers whose families are still poor. 我了解有的農民的家仍然貧困。 The time has co

50、me when we must say goodbye. 到說再見的時候了。, Id like to have the same toy as Jim used to have. 我想要吉姆過去玩的一樣的玩具。 You can call me from three to five oclock, during which time I am at home.你可以在三點到五點之間給我打電話，那段時間我在家。, Shirly is the only one of the girls who likes football. 舍利是姑娘中唯一喜愛足球的。 (6) The first city I v

51、isited was Los Angeles. 我第一次造訪的城市是洛杉磯。,(7) The first city I visited was Los Angeles. 我第一次造訪的城市是洛杉磯。 (8) I dont know the reason for which he refused us. 我們不明白他為什么拒絕我們。,(9) The chair on which you are sitting is a new one. 你坐的椅子是一把新的。 (10) There were all kinds of things that I wanted. 我想要得東西應有盡有。,（11）

52、I like the way he smiles. 我喜歡他微笑的樣子。 （12） When buying Chinese herbs and gold, check the unit price and the way in which the weight is calculated. 購買中藥和金飾時，請先查明單價和重量 的計算單位。,（2） 名詞性從句主語從句 What he does has nothing to do with me. 他做的事與我無關。That he was fond of music is clear. 很明顯他酷愛音樂。,Whether he will go

53、to the camp remains a question. 他去不去露營還是個問題。It is important that we speak politely. 我們講話有禮貌是很重要的。,表語從句 The village is not what it used to be. 這村莊已不再是從前的它了。 The fact is that the farmers there dont plant apples. 事實上那里的農民不種蘋果。 The question is whether we can help them. 問題是我們能否幫助他們。,That is where we met

54、the first time. 那就是我們第一次見面的地方。 The only change would be what they spend their money on. 唯一變化的會是他們花錢用來買什么。,賓語從句 We dont know whether he has left. 我們不知道他是否走了。 Im sure (that ) she will win in the game. 我有把握他能贏。 They kept it quiet that he was dead. 他們對他的死保持靜默。 A computer can only do what you have instru

55、cted it to do. 計算機只能按照你的指令做事。,同位語從句 His suggestion that we have a picnic interested everyone. 他提出野餐的建議我們大家都感興趣。I have no idea when Jack will be back.我不知道杰克幾時回來。,The question whether he can pass the exam or not worried his parents. 他的父母擔心他能否通過考試。 The news that his son will come back soon is true. 他的兒

56、子很快要回來的消息是真的。,We expressed the hope that we would have further cooperation in the future. 我們表示希望今后有進一步的合作。 The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased us. 他的實驗成功使我們很高興。,（3） 狀語從句 時間 As the storm burst the shoppers made for shelter. 暴風雨來時購物人向避風處跑去。 A telegram came after she had gone. 電報是在她走后來

57、的。, 地點 Put everything where it is. 將東西放回原處。 You are able to go wherever you like on holidays. 假日里你到任何喜歡的地方都可以。, 原因 I read the book for the simple reason that I like the writer.我讀這本書僅僅是因為我喜歡本書的作者。 I came to see you on the ground that your father said you were in trouble. 我來看你（理由）是因為你父親說你遇到了麻煩。, 目的 I

58、hid the book so that he should not see it.我把這本書藏起來不讓他看見。 In order that the bridge would be built, the rubbish should be moved.為了修橋，垃圾要移走。, 結果 I was in the bath, with the result that I didnt hear the telephone. 我在洗澡結果沒聽見電話鈴響。 He was so excited that he could hardly say a word. 他太激動幾乎說不出話來。, 方式 Leave i

59、t as it is. 物歸原處。 Do as he tells you. 照他告訴你的去做。, 比較 She has read as many books as we have. 她讀的書和我們一樣多。 At that time pop singers were not known to the degree they are today. 那時的流行歌手沒有到現(xiàn)在那樣出名的程度。, 條件 Dont come unless I call you. 我不呼你不要來。 Call number 110 in case you are in trouble. 遇事打110電話。, 讓步 I will come , even if it rains. 即便下雨我也要來。 Whatever problems you have, youll always come to me for help. 無論有什么問題，你可以隨時來我這求助。,含It的結構（1） 作代詞 Id like Chinese tea with nothing in it. 我喜歡喝中國清茶。 If you go by highway, it will take