2016年全國卷1英語試卷及問題詳解

1、實用文檔 2016普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(新課標(biāo)I) 第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分） 第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分） A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) Anyone w

2、ho has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社區(qū)) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Pea

3、ce Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans. Sandra Day OConnor

4、(1930-present) When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(參議員) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in

5、many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913-2005) On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a y

6、ear, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,”said Parks. 21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A. Her social work. B. Her lack of proper training in law. C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background. 文案大全實用文檔 22. What is the reaso

7、n for OConnors being rejected by the law firm? A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court. C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Car

8、son. C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks 24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative. C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers. B Grandparents Answer a Call As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Gar

9、za never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, givin

10、g them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robins

11、on, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the

12、example of Obamas family. “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to b

13、e near them, especially when youre raising children.” Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especi

14、ally knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder. 文案大全實用文檔 25. Why was Garzas move a success? AIt strengthened her family ties. BIt improved her living conditions. CIt enabled her make more friends. DIt helped her know more new places. 26.What was the reacti

15、on of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision? A17% expressed their support for it. BFew people responded sympathetically. C83% believed it had a bad influence. DThe majority thought it was a trend. 27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s? AThey were unsure of themselves. BThey were eager to

16、 raise more children. CThey wanted to live away from their parents. DThey had little respect for their grandparents. 28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? A. Make decisions in the best interests of their own B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them C. Sa

17、crifice for their struggling children D. Get to know themselves better C I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干細胞）in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last,

18、 in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐獻者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode

19、Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:”Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for you - there are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:”In this

20、box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient - please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped 文案大全實用文檔 everything. She arranged for a flight on a small place to be held for me, re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier

21、than originally scheduled. For this courier job, youre consciously aware than that box youre got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life. 29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17 A provider B delivery man C collector D medical doctor 30.Wh

22、y does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours? A. He cannot stay away from his job too long. B. The donor can only wait for that long. C. The operation needs that very much. D. The ice wont last any longer. 31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first? A. To London B. To Newark C. To Pro

23、vidence D. To Washington D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortabl

24、e; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(間隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditiona

25、l Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may us

26、e silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may us

27、e silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in 文案大全實用文檔 authority. Nurses and other care-giver

28、s need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessar

29、ily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 32. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific. D

30、. It is content-based. 33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A. The Chinese. B. The French. C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians. 34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treat

31、ing patients. C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects. 35. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and Silence B.What It Means to Be Silent C. Silence to Native Americans D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold 第二節(jié) （共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的

32、最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Secret codes (密碼)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The s

33、cience of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number t

34、he letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet 文案大全實用文檔 me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge

35、” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some le

36、tters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would

37、 stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 第三部分 英語知識運用 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 45） 第一節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分） A Heroic Driver Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after deliv

38、ering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (滅火器). Two good bursts from

39、the extinguisher and the fire was put out. The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毀壞的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 5

40、2 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck. Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 i

41、f he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and 文案大全實用文檔 the other man go. One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the womans life. 41 A. walking B. touring C. traveling Drushing D. customers A. passengers C. emp

42、loyers B. colleagues 42 D. If A. Since 43 C. As B. Although D. his B. another C. that A. each 44 D. steam B. smoke 45 A. flames C. water D. abandoned 46 B. disabled A. used C. removed D. controlled 47 A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. came over 48 A. came down B. came through C. came i

43、n D. confirmed 49 B. received A. returned C. made D. even 50 B. again A. then C. finally D. Approaching A. Starting B. Parking 51 C. Passing D. calm C. away 52 A. quiet B. still D. but A. for 53 B. so C. and D. crash 54 B. slip away A. explode C. fall apart D. after B. unless 55 A. as if C. in case

44、D. set out 56 B. backed off C. moved on A. stepped forward D. driver 57 B. police A. woman C. man D. free B. ready A. forbidden C. asked 58 D.checked B. for consideration A.for certain C. reported 59 D.promise B. skills A.patience 60 C. efforts 第三部分 英語知識運用 小題；每小題第二節(jié)（共10分）語法填空分，滿分1.515lionaires, Asia

45、s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But Chengdu has dozens of new milfor tourists like me, pandas are its top_61_(attract). where a was So it at invited be to honour great backstage Panda not-for-profit the Base, 文案大全實用文檔 ticket money helps pay for research, I_62_（allow）to get up close to thes

46、e cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be _63_(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _65_ I was the first Western TV reporter_66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassad