動物實(shí)驗(yàn)利與弊

1、動物實(shí)驗(yàn)利與弊論點(diǎn) 1:（正方）不人道 First of all,the main disadvantage of animal testing is the inhumane treatment of animals in tests due to the fact that anesthesia for the help of pain is often not used. Scie ntists say that using an esthesia will in terfere with test results. Today the term “ vivisectio n ” is

2、used. Vivisectio n is defi ned as while still alive” but it is more com mon ly used today as any harmful experime ntor test that is performed on an animal. Animal experimentation invoIves the incarceration of animals and poisoning, mutilation, disease and killing of those in dividuals. It is arguabl

3、y the most brutal and most severe form of viole nee in the modern world. It is said that an estimated 50,000 animals die due to the testing on them. Some of the tests that IAMS performed were:-28 female cats had their abdomens （腹部） cut open and solution injectedrepeatedly into their bowels.*24 young

4、 dogs were give n kid ney failure by the removal of one kid ney andthe damaging of the other. All the dogs were killed after being fed an experime ntal diet and their kidn eys an alyzed.論點(diǎn) 2：（正方）可有別的措施 Many alter natives already exist, and there must be many more which are wait ing to be found. The

5、day will surely come whe n not more experime nts on ani mals will n eed to be done for huma n medic in e. its hared to say there will always be alter natives for veteri nary research, The most com mon alter natives that are used today are : in-vitro tests, computer software,and eve n huma ncli nical

6、 tests.The use of ani mal cells, orga ns, and tissuecultures are also deemed as alter natives,（反駁正方） however animal lives are still sacrificed for the use of their parts. We can only talk about banning experimentation when the alter natives have bee n proved to be accurate, and safe. （反方反駁） As a med

7、ical student, Ive realized that artificial mean s can n ever replace the in credible complexity of livi ng ani mals. It may not be possible to ban all ani mal tests quite yet, but there should be a lot more mon ey, time and efforts going into finding alter natives.新 論點(diǎn) 3:正方：動物也有權(quán)利 Could anyone tell

8、me why humans are more importa nt tha n any other ani mals? Could anyone please tell me the fun dame ntal reason why human suffering is absolutely more important than animal suffering, why the intense agony experieneed by a laboratory animal is inconsequential （不重要的，微不足道的）when view against the same

9、or evenlesser degree of suffer ing within a huma n. Of course We see ourselves as more importa nt tha n other species, as rm sure other self-realisi ng species see themselves, but we cannot use this flimsy（ 輕而薄的）,subjective （主觀上的） argume nt as an excuse to totally disregard the feeli ngs of other sp

10、ecies. You would nt like it if some alie n race claimi ng to be the most importa nt turned up and squirted alien cosmetics in your mothers eye, would you? So I think animalsshould have the same rights as us. You wouldnt like it if people were doing any kind of experiment on you. Humankind has absolu

11、tely no right to use animals for any reason whatsoever, especially for experimental use.新 論點(diǎn) 4 正方 類比種族 We conduct such experiments simply because we have physical dominance over all other species and thus we can exploit them at our will. But then where lies the contradiction between this form exploi

12、tation and that shown within the human species, such as the physical dominance that allowed Europeans to exploit Africans in the slave trade. Why should I be utterly indifferent to animal suffering because I stand to gain from it, yet I am morally obliged to be passionate about human suffering wheth

13、er or not it could be for my personal betterment.：正方動物實(shí)驗(yàn)有時候真的沒有必要.understand the concerns over medical testing and human needs over animal lives, but the testing obviously doesnt work because there is still AIDS, cancer and all the other diseases that these tests are supposed to be curing. If medica

14、l tests really are needed, why cant there be a more humane way to do it? Why not use peoples cells, skin etc. Human volunteers should be used for final testing rather than animals.最后總結(jié)（正方） All in all, t he animals can not tell the scientist that they d ont want to be tested on, but humans can. We ne

15、ed to talk for the animals and help stop this cruel and inhumane treatment. There are many other ways that products and medicine can be tested; the use of innocent animals is no longer needed. Let us turn down cures that have been tested on animals. Thank you.反方開場： For those opposed to all animal te

16、sting, please answer Yes or No to the following questions1. Are you vegetarian?2. Do you avoid buying leather shoes or clothes?3. Would you allow yourself or a loved one to suffer or even die because the necessary treatment had been developed using laboratory animals?If you answered Yes to ALL of th

17、e above, then you are free from hypocrisy （偽 善，虛偽） in your moral stance（l 立場姿態(tài) ）.論點(diǎn) 1：我們需要動物實(shí)驗(yàn) Animals testing is really necessary.分論點(diǎn)（ 1）患者的需要 First of all , all the patients are in the need of the testing. Why? Could you realize that the animals you believe are being harmed, have not only impacted

18、 your lives in some way, but have impacted your families, friends, by providing people with vaccines and antibiotics. When it comes down to it, rightly or wrongly, we will all happily sacrifice an animal in order to save a loved one! Millions of lives are saved every year because of one animal res,s

19、ults to either a drug or new form of surgery. Tell me that Which would you prefer to live - an ill child or a healthy bunny? With rights come responsibilities - what responsibilities to animals have? How many people who advocate banning animal testing have accepted medicines which have almost surely

20、 been tested on animals. A move towards animal rights means a move away from human rights.分論點(diǎn)（ 2）科學(xué)研究的需要 The second,animal testing is the most predominant form of testing used by scientists. Animal research plays a vital, and irreplaceable, role in such fields as drug and cancer research.The phase o

21、f research on animals gave us essential data which moved us on. The knowledge so gained is being used to provide more effective treatment for seriously disabled humans.The results they yield bring a new outlook on life for millions around the world. If animal testing is banned, how will medicines be

22、 developed? Will cures have to be tried only on humans? Will there be enough volunteers? How about lawsuits by families of victims of imperfectly designed cures? A complete ban on animal testing will have very serious negative effects on medical research. I believe that developing better, more effec

23、tive and safer drugs is more important than sparing a few rats. （ 反駁正方觀點(diǎn) ）Alternatives to animal testing must be developed but even these alternatives will require animal testing in order to compare results. Will the animal rights activists endorse （贊同） any responsibility of the disastrous effects o

24、f their rosy cuddly thoughts? I doubt it.分論點(diǎn)（3）安全性需要 The third, It is imperative （ 必要的） that all drugs released onto the market are safe for humans to use. I feel that animal testing is necessary for the continuation of biological and safety research. Even with animal & people testing, dangerous pro

25、ducts still get on the market, imagine how many more will be on the market if we ban animal testing.論點(diǎn) 2：物競天擇Animal rights protesters are just a bunch of city dwellers who dont really understand how life works. Nature is predatory, the strongest survive, and by testing drugs and medical research on

26、animals which creates cures for human diseases, then those animals died to help us survive. A simple extrapolation of the law of nature .論點(diǎn) 3：采取相應(yīng)的彌補(bǔ)措施：While we should never hurt animals in the interest of paltry （無價值的） cosmetics, research for life-saving drugs and techniques requires limited use of real animals. I agree that animal testing should be continued, but agree with animal rights