整理高中英語非謂語動(dòng)詞整理講解資料

1、此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 2016屆理科班高三英語復(fù)習(xí)之非謂語動(dòng)詞講解 非謂語動(dòng)詞包括不定式(to do)、動(dòng)名詞(ing)、現(xiàn)在分詞(ing)與過去分詞(ed)。它們不受主語人稱和數(shù)的限制， 在句子中不能充當(dāng)謂語，但可以充當(dāng)句子的其他成分，并且有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。 形式 對比項(xiàng)目 動(dòng)詞不定式 (to do) 動(dòng)名詞(doing) 現(xiàn)在分詞(doing) 過去分詞(done) 意義 相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞、副詞，往往有將來意味 相當(dāng)于名詞，指經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 相當(dāng)于形容詞、副詞，往往有現(xiàn)在意味 相當(dāng)于形容詞、副詞，本身兼有被動(dòng)、完成意義 充當(dāng)句子成分 主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)

2、、定語、 狀語主語、賓語、表語、定 語表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語、狀 語表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語、狀語 形式 主動(dòng)一般式 to do doing doing done 被動(dòng)式 to be done being done being done 主動(dòng)完成式 to have done having done having done 被動(dòng)完成式 to have been done having been done having been done 否定式 在上述各種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式之前直接加not 動(dòng)詞不定式 定義：動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能獨(dú)立作謂語，但它仍保持動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自

3、己的賓語和狀語。 主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 進(jìn)行式 to be doing 無 完成進(jìn)行式to have been doing 無一、不定式的意義 1. 不定式的一般式：一般式表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的同時(shí)或之后。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)式(to be done). eg: He seemed to be tired. The building to be finished next month is for our t

4、eachers. 2. 不定式的進(jìn)行式：進(jìn)行式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，與謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 e.g. When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world. 3. 不定式的完成式：如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)之前，就用完成式；若是在此基礎(chǔ)上的被動(dòng)含義，就用完成被動(dòng)式( to have been done). e.g. He is said to have written a novel about the Long March. He is said to have been tau

5、ght French when he was a child. 4. 不定式的完成進(jìn)行式：如果不定式的動(dòng)作是在謂語所表示的時(shí)間之前一直在進(jìn)行或有可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，就要用完成進(jìn)行式. eg: Were happy to have been working with the experts all the month. 二、不定式的用法： 1. 不定式做主語：不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。而動(dòng)名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。 1)不定式作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù) To do such things is foolish. 2）主系表結(jié)構(gòu) To see is to believe. 精品文

6、檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 3)it形式主語。當(dāng)主語較長，謂語較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語，將不定式放到謂語的后面。 常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中： (1)It is/was +adj.+(of sb.) to do（如 good/ kind/ nice/ clever/ foolish/ selfish） (2)It is +adj.+(for sb.)+to do（如easy / difficult / hard / / unwise / possible/ necessary） (3)It is +a/an +名詞+ to do.（如a pity/ a shame / a plea

7、sure /ones duty / an honor ） (4)It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to do (5)It requires courage / patience / hard work to do 2. 不定式做表語：不定式作表語常表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 3. 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語：ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise,

8、refuse, want, wish等只能用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語 *注意:1某些及物動(dòng)詞可用-ing也可用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語但意義不同stop/ go on/ remember/ forget/ regret/ try/ mean 2某些及物動(dòng)詞think, believe, consider, feel, find, make等后常用it作形式賓語 4動(dòng)詞不定式做定語：當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語時(shí)，要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。 I. 不定式作定語需要后置。 II. 作定語的不定式與被修飾的名詞或代詞存在著三種主要的邏輯關(guān)系，即被修飾的名詞和代詞是不定式的邏輯主語 （邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系）或邏輯賓語（邏輯上的動(dòng)

9、賓關(guān)系）或修飾性關(guān)系（同位關(guān)系）。 5. 賓語補(bǔ)足語: eg: He wants you to be his assistant. I saw her cross the street. 注1 如果謂語動(dòng)詞為感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞，則作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不可帶to，這些動(dòng)詞有see, hear, feel, watch, notice; have, make, let等。但如果句子是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，則to不可省略。 eg. He was made to clean the windows as a punishment. Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 注2

10、help后可以直接用帶to或不帶to的不定式作賓語。 6. 不定式做狀語: 不定式做狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等，表示目的、原因、結(jié)果、條件等，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。 e.g. To learn a foreign language well, you must try your best.(主語一致) I rushed to the airport, only to find that John had gone. 7. 同位語: e.g. Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished? 8. 獨(dú)立成分: e.g. To tell you t

11、he truth, I dont like you. 類似的有：to be frank坦率地說，to cut a long story short 長話短說，等等 三、不定式的否定式：通常是在不定式前加not，表示較強(qiáng)的否定意義時(shí)可用never。 e.g. I told him not to touch the equipment. You must promise never to do that again. 四、 動(dòng)詞不定式的“省略”1、不定式省to 1） 在had better, would rather, would rather.than, would sooner.than（寧愿

12、而不）, cannot but（不得不、只好）, why (not)等結(jié)構(gòu)后面的不定式符號to通常被省略。 2） 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作介詞but, except, besides的賓語,且介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do或它的其它形式時(shí),不定式符號to通常被省略。 3） 兩個(gè)或多個(gè)不定式短語表示并列關(guān)系時(shí),后面不定式短語的不定式符號to通常被省略;如果表示對比關(guān)系,則不定式中的不定式符號to通常要保留。 eg: They didnt tell me whether to go on or to stop.(對比關(guān)系) 他們沒有告訴我是繼續(xù)下去還是停止。 She told the child to stay

13、there and wait till she came back.(并列關(guān)系) 她讓孩子待在那里等她回來。 4） 在某些感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞(如 hear, listen to, notice, observe, see, watch, make等)之后充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式中,不定式符號to總是被省略,但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中,不定式符號to通常要保留。 2、不定式省do留to 1） 為了避免重復(fù),在hope, wish, want, like, love, decide, plan, mean, prefer, want, have to, be able to, be going to, u

14、sed to, ought to等動(dòng)詞及習(xí)語后面出現(xiàn)與上文相同的不定式時(shí),常保留不定式符號to,而把其它部分省略。 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 e.g. Ms King lied to us because she had to. 注意：在特定的上下文中,為了避免重復(fù),如果不定式為一般式to be.或完成式to have done時(shí),則不定式符號to和be或have常一并保留,be或have之后的部分通常要省略。如: Arent you the headmaster? 你難道不是校長嗎? No, and I dont want to be. 我不是,而且我也不想當(dāng)。

15、Hasnt he finished writing the report? 難道他還沒寫完報(bào)告嗎? No, but he ought to have. 是的,但他本來應(yīng)該寫完。 2） 當(dāng)不定式在ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg等動(dòng)詞后面充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),常保留不定式符號,而把后面的動(dòng)詞省略。 She wants to come but her parents wont allow her to. If he doesnt want to go there, do

16、nt force him to. He didnt come, though we had invited him to. 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的要點(diǎn) 1-ing的形式 2.-ing形式的基本用法 (1)作主語：Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。 (2)作表語：Her job is washing and cooking. (3)作賓語：作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語。She likes drawing very much. 作某些短語動(dòng)詞的賓語。Mary is thinking of going back to New York. do限定詞(my, some, any, the等)v.-i

17、ng，表示“做事”之意，如： do some cleaning打掃衛(wèi)生 do some shopping購物 作介詞的賓語：Her sister is good at learning physics. 作形容詞worth, busy等的賓語：This book is well worth reading. (4)作定語：The sleeping child is only five years old. (5)作賓語補(bǔ)足語：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有see, watch, hear, observe

18、, feel, find, have, keep等。 (6)作狀語：時(shí)間狀語：Seeing Tom, I couldnt help thinking of his brother. 分詞在句中作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，其前一般可加when或while， 如：When crossing street, you must be careful. 原因狀語：Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 方式或伴隨狀語：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty. 3. 主動(dòng)語態(tài)-ing完成式的基本用法。主動(dòng)語態(tài)-ing

19、完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，一般在句中作時(shí)間或原因狀語用。句中的主語是它的邏輯主語，并且是它所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，如：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. 4. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)-ing一般式的基本用法。被動(dòng)語態(tài)-ing一般式所表示的動(dòng)作是一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行中的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，而且這個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作也是和句中謂語所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的。它一般在句中作定 語或狀語用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours. 5. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)-ing完成式的基本用法。被動(dòng)語態(tài)-in

20、g完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，在句中一般作狀語用。 如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library. 6. -ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。在-ing前加物主代詞或名詞所有格即構(gòu)成-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中的物主代詞或名詞所有格為-ing的邏輯主語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語、賓語或表語， 如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 7. -ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作主語、表語、賓語時(shí)的區(qū)別。一般說來，表示一個(gè)比較抽象或

21、泛指的動(dòng)作時(shí)多用-ing形式。表示一個(gè)具體某一次的動(dòng)作時(shí)，多用動(dòng)詞不定式， 如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesnt want to play it today. 8. -ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作定語的區(qū)別。-ing形式作定語用時(shí)，其動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)詞同時(shí) 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 發(fā)生，而動(dòng)詞不定式作定語時(shí)，其動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后。 如：The girl writing a letter there can speak E

22、nglish very well./I have three letters to write. 9. -ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)的區(qū)別。（1）不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)，表示其動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，而用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是一個(gè)動(dòng)作的過程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我聽見她正在屋里唱歌。 I hear her sing in

23、 the room.我聽見她在屋里唱過歌。 10. -ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語的區(qū)別。-ing形式在句作狀語表示時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨情況，而動(dòng)詞不定式一般式在句中作狀語時(shí)，一般是作目的或結(jié)果狀語， 如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside. 過去分詞的要點(diǎn) 過去分詞的基本用法：過去分詞只有一種形式，也沒有主動(dòng)語態(tài)，它所表示的動(dòng)作是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的或是已完成的動(dòng)作。過去分詞在句中也可用作定語、表語、賓語或狀語等成分。過

24、去分詞在句中作某種成分時(shí)，其邏輯主語一般為該分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，如： （1）作定語：過去分詞作定語時(shí)，如果這個(gè)分詞是一個(gè)單詞，就位于其修飾的名詞之前，如果是分詞短語，就位于其修飾的名詞之后。被過去分詞所修飾的名詞，就是該分詞的邏輯主語，如：The stolen car was found by the police last week. （2）作表語：過去分詞作表語時(shí)，表示其邏輯主語所處的狀態(tài)，其邏輯主語就是句中的主語，如：The glass is broken.這個(gè)玻璃杯是破的。 注：過去分詞作表語時(shí)，和動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似，但兩者表達(dá)的意義不同，如：The glass was br

25、oken by my little brother.這個(gè)玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。 （3）作賓語補(bǔ)足語：過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，句中的賓語就是其邏輯主語，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注：動(dòng)詞have后的復(fù)合賓語中，賓語補(bǔ)足語如為過去分詞，常表示該分詞所表示的動(dòng)作是由別人來執(zhí)行的而不是句中主語自己來執(zhí)行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找別人）把我的自行車給修了。 （4）作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句，該結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語一

26、般都是主句的主語，是過去分詞所表示意義的邏輯賓語。為了使作狀語的過去分詞意義更加明確，常在分詞前加when, if, while, though, as等連詞，如：Seen from the hill/ When seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.; Given more time/ If given more time, we could have done it better.（we是該結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語，是give的邏輯賓語。） 易錯(cuò)易混點(diǎn) 1疑問詞 動(dòng)詞不定式：疑問代詞和疑問副詞后可加動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中可作主語、表語或賓

27、語，如：How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem. 2動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式：由not 動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成，如： 3v.-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作主語、表語、賓語時(shí)的區(qū)別。 v-ing形式：表示抽象或泛指的動(dòng)作。 不定式：表示具體某一次的動(dòng)作。 She likes playing the piano, but she doesnt want to_play it today. 4v.-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作定語的區(qū)別。 v-ing形式：動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 不定式：動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)

28、作之后。 eg. The girl writing_a_letter_there can speak English very well. I have three letters to_write. 5v.-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)的區(qū)別。 (1)不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，其動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后， 如：I have told them to_come again tomorrow. (2)在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用v.-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)，表示其動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，而用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ) 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪

29、除 時(shí)，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是一個(gè)動(dòng)作的過程， 如：I hear her singing in the room. 我聽見她正在屋里唱歌。 I hear her sing in the room. 我聽見她在屋里唱過歌。 6v.-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作狀語的區(qū)別。 v-ing形式：表示時(shí)間、原因、方式或伴隨情況。 不定式：作目的或結(jié)果狀語。 7v.-ing形式與過去分詞的區(qū)別： (1)語態(tài)不同：v.-ing形式表示主動(dòng)概念，及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)概念。 an inspiring speech鼓舞人心的演說； the inspired audience受鼓舞的聽眾 (2)時(shí)間關(guān)系不同：

30、現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一般是正在進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作，而過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作，往往是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，如： the changing world正在變化的世界 the changed world已經(jīng)變化了的世界 8獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：有時(shí)v.-ing和過去分詞在句中也有自己的獨(dú)立的主語，這種獨(dú)立的主語一般為名詞或代詞，和v.-ing還有過去分詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般只作狀語。 獨(dú)立主格中是使用v.-ing還是過去分詞，則要根據(jù)它們的主語和其所表示的動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系來定，如：The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. 注意：獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中的being或havin

31、g been常可省去，如： The_meeting_(being)_over,_all left the room. 作伴隨狀語的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)常可用with短語來代替， 如： She read the letter, tears rolling down her cheeks. She read the letter with_tears_rolling_down her cheeks. 非謂語的解題步驟或思路 （1）先判斷空格部分所需的是主句，從句還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。 獨(dú)立的句子， 從句或非謂語 獨(dú)立的句子 加句號，分號或破折號的話，后再加一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。 獨(dú)立的句子，（逗號） 有and,but,

32、so 等詞 加獨(dú)立的句子。 （2）再根據(jù)主句的主語，來判斷主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)； （3）接下來再判斷時(shí)態(tài)， （4）如果是否定的話，not一定要放在非謂語的前面 （5）一定不要忘記主語一致的原則，如果不一致的話，要把非謂語的獨(dú)立主語加上。 非謂語常見的位置，或在句子中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞?（1） 非謂語動(dòng)詞短語， + 主句 或者是 主句， 非謂語動(dòng)詞短語 這時(shí)的非謂語動(dòng)詞短語起到狀語的作用 例如： influenced by the growing interest in nature, more people enjoy outdaoor activities. 在這種情況下，首先,找出主句的主語，然后以主句的

33、主語為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，來判斷非謂 語動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，如果已有的非謂語動(dòng)詞的主語和主句主語不一致，還要 考慮獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是把非謂語動(dòng)詞的自己的主語加上去： 例如： All flights having been cancelled , they decided to take the train. 其次,把非謂語動(dòng)詞和主句的動(dòng)詞比較，看是否同時(shí)發(fā)生還是有明顯的先后。 （2） 跟在介詞，動(dòng)詞或某些形容詞的后面固定搭配 （3） 介詞后一定要加動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式； （4） 跟在名詞后面做定語時(shí)， 一般不用having done/ having been done 結(jié)構(gòu) （5） 放在句首做主語 ，

34、一般用動(dòng)詞的ing 和to do 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 特殊的非謂語短語 Generally speaking 一般來說 Considering . 考慮到，鑒于 Time/weather permitting 時(shí)間、天氣允許的話 Taking into account 考慮到 Taking into consideration 考慮到 Provided 假如 Providing假如 Suppose假如 Supposing假如 Juding from/ by根據(jù)判斷 Given sth 假如，如果；鑒于，考慮到 Given that假如，如果；鑒于，考慮到 常見

35、接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣： 避免錯(cuò)過少延期 avoid miss postpone 建議完成多練習(xí) suggest finish practise 喜歡想象禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help 承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒 admit deny envy 逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒escape rish excuse 忍受保持不介意 stand keep mind 常見接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣： 動(dòng)詞不定做賓語，期?？视袚?dān)起， 愿望碰巧有出現(xiàn)，假裝安排不拒絕， 準(zhǔn)備計(jì)劃卻失敗，好像提供又猶豫， 企圖要把目標(biāo)證，愛恨要求做選擇 練習(xí)： 一、選擇正確的選項(xiàng)。 1：The ground is w

36、ith leave. A. covered ; falling B. covered ; fallen C. covering ; falling D. covering ; fallen 2：It was stupid your advice. A. for me to not take B. for me not to take C. of me to not take D. of me not to take 3: -Did you get your pay ? -Yes ,I remember .But I forget the exact amount. A. being paid

37、B. to be paid C. paying D. having paid 4: of reading, he put down the book and stopped TV. A. Tiring ; watching B. Tiring ; to watch C. Tired : to watch D. Tired : watching 5: It is important a beginner the correct pronunciation of a foreign language when he studies it. A. of ; to teach B. for ; to

38、be taught C. of ; to be taught D. for ; to have taught Arabpilot. said that he had never heard of a 6: That A. womans being B. a woman to be C. a womans to be D. a woman being 7: We have not decided there by bus or on foot. A. to get B. getting C. if to get D. whether to get 8: I must apologize for

39、ahead of time. A. not letting you know B. letting you not know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 9: -Did you have trouble with your car this morning? -Yes , but I finally managed . A. to get it start B. get it starting C. to get it started D. getting it started 10: I prefer studying En

40、glish at home the match. A. to watching B. rather than watching C. rather than D. to watch 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 11. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _ to. A. spoken B. speaking C. speak D. be spoken 12. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _. A.

41、 to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to 13. _ on time, this medicine will be quite effective. A. Taking B. Being taken C. Taken D. Having taken 14. The film star walked to his car, _ a crowd of journalists. A. followed by B. following by C. to follow D. to be followed by 15.

42、 After describing the planned improvements, she went on _ how much they would cost. A. to explain B. explaining C. to be explaining D. having explained 16. Please excuse me _ your letter by mistake. A. to open B. to have opened C. for opening D. in opening 17. Please remember _ the plants while Im a

43、way. A. watering B. to be watering C. to water D. being watering 34. Certainly I posted your letter I remember _ it. A. posting B. to post C. to be posting D. have posted 18. Stop _ me to hurry up. I can only go so fast. A. to tell B. telling C. to have told D. having told 19. Remember _ off the lig

44、ht when _ to bed. A. turning, going B. to turn, to go C. turning, to go D. to turn, going 20. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given 21. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was fo

45、unded C. Founded D. Founding 22. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _. A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars 23. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung 24. W

46、ith a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. setting C. to settle D. being settled 25. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 26. Tony was

47、 very unhappy for _ to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited 27. “Good morning. Can I help you?” “Id like to have this package _.” A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 28. What have we said _ her so happy? A. mak

48、es B. to make C. made D. has made 29. What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C his being not allowed D. having not being allowed 30. “Which sweater is yours?” “The one _ No. 9.” A. that marked B. was marked with C. which ma

49、rked D. marked with 二、判斷空處需要謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。1. He had wonderful childhood, _ (travel)with his mother to all corners of the word 2. Mrs. Green _ (hang) some beautiful lights to decorate the Christmas tree now. 3. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _(send) supplies to Yushu, Oinghai pro

50、vince after the earthquake. 4. Linda _ (change) a lot since she entered Harvard. 5. _ (look) at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 6. The Smiths _(be) to China for 3 years. 7. Im calling to enquire about the position _ (advertise)in yesterdays China Daily. 8. English _ (s

51、peak) in many countries today. 9. Listen! Do you hear someone _ (call)for help? 精品文檔此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)，請 聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除 10. The wet clothes _ often _ (hang) up near a fire in winter. 11. The windows of the classroom _ (clean) every day. 12. Dina, _ (struggle)for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a

52、 position at a local advertising agency. 13. So far nobody has claimed the money _(discover) in the library. 14. If a glass of water is put outside in winter, it _ (cover) with ice. 8. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,_ (enable) the students to return to their classrooms 15. The lady walked around the shops, _(keep) an eye out for bargains. 16. The worker is hurt. He must _ (take) to the hospital at once. 17. There were