鐵路術(shù)語(yǔ)(中英文)

1、一、一般名詞術(shù)語(yǔ) General 1、車輛的種類 鐵道車輛 rolling stock, railway vehicle, railway car 客車 carriage, passenger car 貨車 wagon, freight car 特種車 special car 鋼木車 steel-wood car 全金屬車 all metal car 全鋼車 all steel car 二軸車 two-axle car 四軸車 four-axle car 六軸車 six-axle car 轉(zhuǎn)向架式車 bogie car 關(guān)節(jié)式車 articulated car 動(dòng)車 motor-car 拖車

2、trailer 控制車 controlling car 動(dòng)車組 powered car train-set 合造車 combined car 簡(jiǎn)易客車 simply equipped coach 代用客車 substitute passenger car 雙層客車 double-deck coach 母車 car with axle generator 子車 car without axle generator 座車 seat coach 硬座車 semi-cushioned seat coach 軟座車 cushioned seat coach, soft seat coach 臥車 sle

3、eping car 硬臥車 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car 軟臥車 cushioned berth sleeping car 餐車 dining car 行李車 luggage van,baggage car 郵政車 mail van,postal car 了望車 observation car 公務(wù)車 service car,private car 文教車 culture and education car 醫(yī)療車 hospital car 衛(wèi)生車 ambulance car 試驗(yàn)車 test car 維修車 maintenance car 宿營(yíng)車 dor

4、mitory van,train crew car 軌道檢查車 track inspection car 軌道探傷車 rail faults detection car 隧道攝影車 tunnel-photographing car限界檢查車 structure gauge detect ion car 檢衡車 track scale test car 發(fā)電車 generator car 鍋爐車 boiler car 救援車 relief car 敞車 open-top car,gondola car 棚車 covered wag on, box car 平車 flat car 罐車 tank

5、car 守車 caboose, brake van 煤車 coal car 砂石車 gravel car 礦石車 ore car 漏斗車 hopper car 水泥車 cement car 保溫車 thermal car 隔熱車 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car 力口冰冷藏車 ice-cooled refrigerator car 冷凍板冷藏車 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car 力口溫車 heater car冷藏加溫車 refrigerator and heater car 機(jī)械冷藏車 mecha ni ca

6、l refrigerator car 單節(jié)機(jī)械冷藏車mono-un it mecha ni cal refrigerator car機(jī)冷貨物車 mecha ni cal refrigerator freight car 機(jī)冷發(fā)電車 mecha ni cal refrigerator gen erati ng car 機(jī)械冷藏車組mecha ni cal refrigerator car train-set通風(fēng)車 ventilated car 家畜車 live stock car, stock car 活魚車 fish car零擔(dān)辦公車 office car for peddler train

7、毒品車 posion car 集裝箱車 container car長(zhǎng)大貨物車 heavy-duty car,high capacity car 凹底平車 depressed cen ter flat car 落下孑 L車 well car, well-hole car 雙聯(lián)平車 twi nned flat car 鉗夾車 schnabel car 自動(dòng)傾翻車 side dump car 除雪車 sweeper, snow plow 長(zhǎng)鋼軌車組 long rail car train-set 電站車組 power stati on car train set 車輛縱向 Ion gitudi na

8、l directi on of car 車輛橫向 tran sverse direct ion of car 車端 end of car一位端“ B ” end of car二位端“ A ”end of car一位側(cè) No.1 position side二位側(cè) No. 2 positi on side車由位 position of axle輪位 position of wheel梁位 position of sill車鉤中心線高h(yuǎn)right fron top of rail to coupler center車輛長(zhǎng)度len gth of car車輛寬度 width of car車輛最大寬度 m

9、ax. width of car車輛高度 height of car車輛最大高度 max. height of car車體長(zhǎng)度 len gth over ends of car body底架長(zhǎng)度 len gth of un derframe罐體長(zhǎng)度 len gth of tank barrek車體寬度 width over sides of car body底架長(zhǎng)度 un derframe width車體內(nèi)長(zhǎng) in side len gth of car body車體內(nèi)寬 in side width of car body車體內(nèi)側(cè)面高in side height of car body車體內(nèi)中

10、心高 in side height from floor to roof centre地板面高 height of floor from rail top車輛定距（心盤中心距）len gth betwee n bogie pivot centers車輛全軸距 total wheel base of car車輛定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres 換長(zhǎng) equivale nt len gth旁承間隙 side beari ng cleara nee自重 tare weight載重 loading capacity

11、整備品重 servici ng weight總重 gross weight自重系數(shù) coefficient of tare weight, tare-to-load capacity每延米重 load per meter of track簧上重量 suspe nded weight, weight above spri ng簧下重量 non-suspended weight, weight under spring構(gòu)造速度 design speed通過(guò)最小曲線半徑min. radius of curvature n egotiated動(dòng)力系數(shù) coefficient of kinetic fo

12、rce振動(dòng)舒適度 comfortable quality of vibration平穩(wěn)性指標(biāo)（振動(dòng)舒適度指標(biāo)）in dex of running stability傾復(fù)穩(wěn)定性 security of over turing from track脫軌穩(wěn)定性 security of derailment6、其他空車 empty car 車由數(shù) number of axle 車輛標(biāo)記 lettering and marking of car 車輛型號(hào) model of car 車輛號(hào)碼 serial number of car 定員 seating capacity 技術(shù)履歷簿 technical

13、ancestry book 吊 hanger 卡 clamp,clip 吊卡 anchor,suspension 座 seat,rest,bracket 吊座 han ger bracket 托 carrier,support,bearer 環(huán) ring 鏈 chain 連接板 connecting plate 補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板 reinforcing plate 筋板rib 隔板 parti on plate 撐板 staying plate 托板 supporting plate 固定板 fastening plate 壓板 pressing plate 吊板 hanging plate 支承板 b

14、earing plate 墊板 shim,pad 調(diào)整板 adjusting plate 限制板 locating plate 擋板 baffle plate 防跳板 anticreep plate 護(hù)板 shield plate 防塵板 dust guard plate 磨耗板wear plate 防火板 fireproof plate 蓋板 cover plate 腹板 web plate 翼板 flange plate 地板 floor plate 頂板 roof plate 墻板 side plate 裝飾板 decorating plate 飾帶板lining 根據(jù)位置不同所用板pl

15、ate used in other place 節(jié)流板 moderating plate,limiting plate墊 shim,pad,liner,washer蓋 cap,cover,lid閥 valve 體 body 梁 girder, sill, beam, stringer 柱 post 斜撐 diagonal brace 壓條 cornice, molding , treadle bar 承木 wooden parting stringer , nailing strip 隔熱材料 heat-insulating material二 走行裝置running gear1般走行裝置 r

16、unning gear 轉(zhuǎn)向架 bogie， truck 二軸轉(zhuǎn)向架 two-axle bogie 三軸轉(zhuǎn)向架 three-axle bogie 組合轉(zhuǎn)向架 comb in ati on bogie 導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 pedestal bogie 導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 non-pedestal bogie 導(dǎo)框式轉(zhuǎn)向架 pedestal bogie 整體側(cè)架轉(zhuǎn)向架 bogie with in tegral box side frame 構(gòu)架 frame， bogie structure 側(cè)架 bogie side frame 輪對(duì) wheel set有箍車輪tyred wheel 整體車輪solid wh

17、eel 碾鋼車輪 wrought steel wheel， rolled steel wheel 車由箱 journal box 承載鞍adapter車由箱定位裝置 box guidanee彈簧減振裝置 spring and vibration absorber device 彈簧懸掛裝置 suspension damper彈簧裝置 spring device車由箱彈簧裝置 journal spring device 搖枕彈簧裝置 bolster spring device 軸箱彈簧 journal spring 搖枕彈簧 bolster spring 均衡彈簧 equalizer sprin

18、g 空氣彈簧air spring 橡膠彈簧rubber spring 第一系彈簧裝置 primary suspe nsion 第二系彈簧裝置 sec ondary suspe nsion一系彈簧裝置 single-stage suspension 二系彈簧裝置 two-stage suspension 自動(dòng)高度調(diào)整裝置 automatic height adjuster 減振器 vibration absorber 摩擦減振器snubber 油壓減振器 hydraulic damper 旁承 side bearing 滑塊式旁承 sliding block side bearing 擺塊式旁承

19、 pendulum side bearing 滾子式旁承 roller side bearing 液壓旁承 hydraulic side bearing 氣液旁承 hydro-pneumatic side bearing 轉(zhuǎn)向架基礎(chǔ)制動(dòng)裝置bogie brake riggi ng踏面制動(dòng)tread braking 盤形制動(dòng) disc braking, rotor braking 單側(cè)制動(dòng) single side braking 雙側(cè)制動(dòng)clasp braking 制動(dòng)梁brake beam 閘瓦 brake block, brake shoe 閘片 brake ling 中磷閘瓦 medium

20、 phosphor brake shoe 高磷閘瓦 high phosphor brake shoe 合成閘瓦 composite brake shoe 制動(dòng)盤 braking disc 心盤面自由高 free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface 轉(zhuǎn)向架對(duì)角線 bogie diagonal 車由距 wheel base 固定軸距 fixed or rigid wheel base轉(zhuǎn)向架全軸距 total wheel base of bogie assembly 輪對(duì)內(nèi)側(cè)距 distance between backs of

21、wheel rims 車由頸中心距 distance between acting centers of journal load 踏面tread 踏面斜度tread taper 踏面基點(diǎn) taping point 滾動(dòng)圓 rolling tread circle 車輪直徑 wheel diameter 輪箍厚度 tire thickness 輪輞內(nèi)側(cè)厚度rim in side thick ness 輪輞外側(cè)厚度 rim outside thickness 輪輞寬度rim width 輪緣高度f(wàn)lange height 輪緣高度測(cè)定線 fla nge base line 輪緣厚度 flange

22、 thickness 輪轂直徑 diameter of boss輪轂厚度 boss thickness車由箱導(dǎo)框間隙 pedestal clearanee with pedestal guide 搖枕?yè)蹰g隙 column guide cleatanee with the column 車由載荷 axle loading force 軸荷重axle load 車由重 wheel set load 心盤載荷 centre plate loading force 旁承載荷 side bearing loading force 斜對(duì)稱載荷 obliquely symmetrical loading f

23、orce 彈簧靜撓度 static deflection of spring 彈簧動(dòng)撓度 dyn amic deflect ion of spri ng 彈簧撓度裕量 surplus deflect ion of spri ng, reserve deflect ion of spri ng 撓度裕量系數(shù) reserve coefficie nt(or surplus factor) of spri ng deflect ion 轉(zhuǎn)向架扭曲剛度 bogie against distortion rigidity 摩擦減振器相對(duì)摩擦系數(shù)relative friction coefficie nt

24、 of sn ubber油壓減振器阻力系數(shù)damp ing coefficie nt of hydraulic damper減振指數(shù) damping index 臨界阻尼值 critical damping value 脫軌系數(shù) coefficient of derailment 車由溫 axle temperature 輪緣垂直磨耗 vertical wear on flange 踏面擦傷 scotchi ng on wheel tread 踏面剝離 flaking on wheel tread2、轉(zhuǎn)向架構(gòu)架 bogie structure 發(fā)電機(jī)吊架 gen ertor han ger s

25、upport 緩解彈簧座 release spring bracket 閘瓦托吊座 brake head han ger bracket 安全吊座 safety han ger bracket 固定支點(diǎn)座 fixed fulcrum bracket 端梁 end sill 側(cè)梁 side sill 縱向梁 Iongitudinal sill 輔助梁 auxiliary transom 搖枕吊耳 bolster han ger lug 橫梁 transom 閘瓦托吊耳 brake head han ger lug3 轉(zhuǎn)向架側(cè) bogie side frame 車由箱承臺(tái) pedestal jou

26、rnal roof 上斜弦梁 top oblique chord 檢查孑L inspection hole 斜楔擋 friction wedge stop 上弦梁top chord立柱column軸箱擋 pedestal leg制動(dòng)梁滑槽 brake beam guide 下弦梁 bottom chord 彈簧承臺(tái) spring seat 凸臍 spring seat boss 搖枕孑L bolster opening 下斜弦梁 bottom oblique chord 軸箱導(dǎo)框pedestal4 搖枕及彈簧裝置 bolster and spring device 彈簧托梁 spring pl

27、ank carrier搖枕吊 bolster han ger 搖枕吊銷 bolster han ger pin 搖枕吊銷座 bolster han ger pin seat 油壓減振動(dòng)器 hydraulic damper, oil damper 彈簧夾板spri ng butt on 搖枕彈簧(外圈)bolster spri ng(outer) 搖枕彈簧(內(nèi)圈)bolster sprin g(i nner)下旁承體 bogie side bearing base 下旁承膠墊 bogie side bearing rubber pad 下旁承滑塊 bogie side bearing slidi

28、ng block 搖枕?yè)?bolster guide 下心盤 bogie centre plate 中心銷centre pin 搖枕 bolster 下旁承 bogie side bearing 橫向緩沖器lateral buffer 橫向拉桿 lateral connecting rod 搖枕板彈簧 bolster double elliptic spring 彈簧托板spring plank 安全吊 safety han ger 搖枕吊軸 bolster han ger shaft5 搖枕 bogie bolster斜楔摩擦面 bolster friction wedge pocket s

29、lope 凸臍 spring seat boss 心盤安裝面 centre plate location 排水孑L draining hole 中心銷孑L centre pin hole 固定杠桿支點(diǎn)安裝面dead lever fulcrum bracket locati on下旁承座 bogie side bearing seat 搖枕?yè)?column guide6, 7 輪對(duì)軸箱及彈簧裝置wheel set, journal box and spring device后擋板rear guard油卷 lubricating pad前枕 front guard軸箱蓋box lid軸瓦墊 journal bearing wedge車由箱體 journal box body軸瓦 journal bearing防塵板 dust guard, dust shield車軸皮帶輪 axle belt pulley車軸axle車輪wheel防塵擋圈 dust guard ring滾動(dòng)軸承 roller bearing彈簧支柱 spring guide-post定位套 locating bush軸箱彈簧 journal spring支持環(huán) spring guide緩沖膠墊rubber pad車由箱后蓋 journal box rear cover車由箱體 journal box body緊定螺