翻譯三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)2004年11月含答案

1、翻譯三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù) 2004年 11月 （含答案）2004年 11 月英語三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)試題 Section 1: English-Chinese Translation ( 英譯漢 ) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school.Referring to stress, she heaved

2、a big sigh and said: Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-o

3、riented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee

4、had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singa

5、pore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with mate

6、rial success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit - the family.Parents should not

7、drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over

8、a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give direction

9、s to the lost traveler, I will say.And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations

10、leaders echo that idea as well.This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they wont feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the min

11、dsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education.It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsm

12、en or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.近年來， 中國政府倡導(dǎo)國內(nèi)旅游， 推行“假日經(jīng)濟(jì)” 政策，給公民每年 3 次為期一周的長假，讓他們將更多 儲(chǔ)蓄用于旅游、購物和外出就餐。 2004 年，五一節(jié)的總 旅游消費(fèi)達(dá) 390

13、億元人民幣。目前旅游業(yè)收入占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的2.3% 。預(yù)計(jì)到2013 年，旅游收入將每年增長 10%，并創(chuàng)造 4,000萬個(gè) 就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。旅游的間接效益更大， 估計(jì)創(chuàng)造了 1，840 億美元的 經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，以及 5，400萬個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。 這些經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)包 括政府花在會(huì)議上的旅游開支，以及重要的旅游項(xiàng)目投 資。中國在公路、火車站和機(jī)場(chǎng)方面投資巨大。新航線 和公交公司不斷涌現(xiàn)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)降低了旅游成本。京滬間單 程機(jī)票售價(jià)為 850-900 元人民幣，有時(shí)還會(huì)更低。一些 航線開展網(wǎng)上售票服務(wù)，方便人們購票。更多私車和汽 車租賃中介的出現(xiàn)讓數(shù)百萬人不僅能跟團(tuán)旅游，還能自己開車出游參考譯文及采分點(diǎn)解析Sectio

14、n 1：英譯漢 （60 分 ） 參考譯文 幾個(gè)星期前，我問一個(gè) 14 歲的朋友她如何應(yīng)對(duì)自己 的學(xué)業(yè)。談到壓力，她深嘆一口氣說：“哎呀，這兒事要多糟， 有多糟?！彪S后，她周圍的朋友便開始就他們認(rèn)為那些難學(xué)的 學(xué)科傾訴自己的苦惱。人們普遍認(rèn)為，新加坡的教育制 度過分注重成績，而這些孩子耳熟能詳?shù)难哉Z再次表現(xiàn) 了對(duì)新加坡教育制度的悲觀情緒。我不知道自己為什么 還要費(fèi)心一問。追求功課得優(yōu)的學(xué)校體制構(gòu)成了新加坡文化的基 礎(chǔ)，這一文化重在追求經(jīng)濟(jì)上的杰出成就，而這一成就 則體現(xiàn)在一定要獲得財(cái)富和地位。這種文化是難以改變的。新成立的改造新加坡委員會(huì)已將其目標(biāo)之一確定為 向傳統(tǒng)的成功之路發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，鼓勵(lì)新加坡

15、人去從事其它 職業(yè)，如藝術(shù)、體育、研究或成為企業(yè)家。當(dāng)我獲知此 情時(shí)，我懷疑如果沒有家長的配合，這方面的改造可否 成功。成立改造新加坡委員會(huì)是新加坡總理的設(shè)想，旨在幫助國家準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)付未來，使新加坡人不要只盯著鈔票、 公寓、俱樂部、信用卡和汽車。新加坡政府想針對(duì)本國物質(zhì)成功為先的理念采取行 動(dòng)，這是件好事。但如果沒有家庭單位的參與，這種行 動(dòng)將會(huì)是一場(chǎng)失敗之戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為只有徹底改變獨(dú)立 37 年來形成的一種整體文化， 改造新加坡委員會(huì)才能取 得成功。而這種改變必須始于最基本的社會(huì)單位家庭。家長們不應(yīng)當(dāng)使孩子禁錮于“我要得 100 分”的約 束。學(xué)科的課程決定不了生活中的成敗。一篇中文論文 得 7

16、0 分絕不意味著生活無望。如果有朝一日我成為家長， 我要帶我的孩子去露營， 向他們演示用軍用飯盒在篝火上煮飯是一種樂趣，告訴 他們躺在草地上的睡袋里一點(diǎn)也不臟。實(shí)際上，這是有教育意義的，因?yàn)楂C戶星座與其它 明亮的星星高掛夜空，它們的形態(tài)和圖案訴說的不僅僅 是一個(gè)神話。例如，我認(rèn)為它們可以為迷路的旅行人指 引方向。說不定我的孩子可能會(huì)在數(shù)年后成為一個(gè)天文學(xué) 家，而這一切則源于我與他一起在夜晚觀察空中閃爍的 星星。這就是我的觀點(diǎn)。家長應(yīng)該教育自己的孩子，生活 中除了學(xué)業(yè)外還有更豐富的內(nèi)容。如果國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也認(rèn)同那種觀點(diǎn)就更好了。由此，當(dāng)孩子們渴望成為另一個(gè)楊瑋玲 (JOSCELIN YEO)時(shí)，他們

17、就不會(huì)感到， 在面對(duì)一個(gè)敬畏醫(yī)生和律師 的社會(huì)時(shí)，他們要進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)失敗之戰(zhàn)。然而，這種呵護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)成就感的文化根深蒂固，許多 家長的思想傾向也是如此。但家長們可以從改造新加坡 委員會(huì)那里得到啟示，意識(shí)到要給予自己的孩子正確的 教育。咱們現(xiàn)在拭目以待， 也許 10 年后，更多的人將選擇 其它職業(yè)。希望到那時(shí)，沒人會(huì)認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)員或音樂家在 追求夢(mèng)想時(shí)作出了太過巨人的犧牲。采分點(diǎn)解析 1 Referring to stress ，she heaved a big sigh and said： “ Aiyah ， anything bad that can happen has already happene

18、d”談到壓力，她深嘆一口氣說： “哎呀，這兒 事要多糟，有多糟。 ”分析 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)。heave舉起，起伏，嘆 (氣)；在此 heaved a big sigh 譯作：深嘆一口氣； Anything bad that can happen has already happened 原意為：能發(fā)生的壞事都已發(fā)生了； 言外之意：“事情糟得不能再糟了。 ”或“這兒事要多糟， 有多糟?！? Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard ， and so on隨后

19、，她周圍的朋友便開始就他們認(rèn)為那些難學(xué)的 學(xué)科傾訴自己的苦惱。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。 此句是根據(jù)漢語的語言習(xí)慣對(duì)原文的詞序進(jìn)行調(diào) 整，使譯文盡可能地通順。將介詞 +關(guān)系代詞構(gòu)成的介 詞短語引起的定語從句放到被修飾的名詞前，將表示時(shí) 間、地點(diǎn)的副詞提前。 另外，短語 pour out 傾訴，傾吐； pour out their woes 傾訴自己的苦惱。3 Pessimism again，in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system ， widely regarded as too results-orie

20、nted ， and I wonder why I even bothered to ask人們普遍認(rèn)為，新加坡的教育制度過 分注重成績，而這些孩子耳熟能詳?shù)难哉Z再次表現(xiàn)了對(duì) 新加坡教育制度的悲觀情緒。我不知道自己為什么還要 費(fèi)心一問。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。 此句是個(gè)很長的并列句，可用斷句法將并列句分成 兩個(gè)句子來翻譯。翻譯前要仔細(xì)推敲，按邏輯順序?qū)θ?句進(jìn)行綜合處理。還要注意翻譯中肯定與否定，主動(dòng)與 被動(dòng)的互換。本句還應(yīng)注意詞的選用，如： pessimism 澤成“悲觀情緒”； all-too-familiar remarks 譯成“耳熟 能詳?shù)难哉Z”或根據(jù)上下 文，意 譯成“牢騷”； re

21、sults-oriented 過分注重成績。4 The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture ， which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves追求功課得優(yōu)的學(xué)校體制構(gòu)成了新加坡文化的基礎(chǔ)， 這一文化重 在追求經(jīng)濟(jì)上的杰出成就，而這一成就則體現(xiàn)在一定要 獲得財(cái)富和地位。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。 本句是個(gè)帶有非限定性定語從句的復(fù)合句，要分別 采用換序譯法和斷句譯法。主句主語帶有一

22、個(gè)定語，翻 譯時(shí)只需將之放到所修飾的名詞之前即可；非限定性定 語從句和其中 where 引導(dǎo)的從句都可當(dāng)作并列句采用斷 句法來譯。 must-haves 譯成“一定要獲得財(cái)富和地位 / 必須獲得財(cái)富和地位” 。5 So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success ， encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in

23、the arts ，sports ，research or as entrepreneurs ， I had my doubts about its success in this area， if not coupled with help from parents themselves新成立的改造新加坡委員會(huì)已將其目標(biāo)之 一確定為向傳統(tǒng)的成功之路發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，鼓勵(lì)新加坡人去 從事其它職業(yè)，如藝術(shù)、體育、研究或成為企業(yè)家。當(dāng) 我獲知此情時(shí)，我懷疑如果沒有家長的配合，這方面的 改造可否成功。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。本句是個(gè)非常長的簡單句，譯前要仔細(xì)推敲它的含 義。句首是個(gè)長長的時(shí)間狀語從句，之中還包

24、括一個(gè)賓 語從句，賓語從句中還帶有兩個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作 賓語補(bǔ)足語。 譯時(shí)可將句子斷開， 同時(shí)要按照漢語習(xí)慣， 擴(kuò)展詞義，將話說完整。new 譯成“新成立的”；Remaking Singapore Committee 譯成“改造新加坡委員會(huì)” ： challenging the traditional roads to success 譯戍“向傳統(tǒng) 的成功之路發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)” ，realize 實(shí)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)識(shí)到，在此譯 為“從事”。本句主句中所說的“ its success”指“實(shí)現(xiàn)”前面提 到的“目標(biāo)、”，后面有個(gè)條件句，翻譯時(shí)要調(diào)整語序。 6 The new Remaking Singapore

25、 Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs ： cash， condos，clubs，credit cards and cars ，to help prepare the nation for the future 成立改造新加坡委員會(huì)是新加坡 總理的設(shè)想，旨在幫助國家準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)付未來，使新加坡人 不要只盯著鈔票、公寓、俱樂部、信用卡和汽車。分析 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)a brainchild 腦力勞動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物 （ 如計(jì)劃、作

26、品等 ），在 此指（總理的）設(shè)想，理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。 to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs ：cash， condos， clubs， credit cards and cars 使新加坡人不要只盯羞鈔 票、公寓、俱樂部、信用卡和汽車。此處翻譯要根據(jù)英 語和漢語的習(xí)慣，將肯定變?yōu)榉穸ā? But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a r

27、evamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence；但如果沒有家庭單位的參與， 這 種行動(dòng)將會(huì)是一場(chǎng)失敗之戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為只有徹底改變 獨(dú)立 37 年來形成的一種整體文化， 改造新加坡委員會(huì)才 能取得成功。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。此句可用換序譯法， 同時(shí)將被動(dòng)變主動(dòng)， 即將 if the family unit itself is not involved 譯成“如果沒有家庭單 位的參與”，句首的 it 指的是上一句的 the government wants to do something about the countr

28、ys preoccupation with material success ，在翻譯中要譯全。 the committees success is rooted in 也要將被動(dòng)變主動(dòng)， 譯為“扎根于”，“在于”。8Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life 家長們不應(yīng)當(dāng)使孩子禁錮于 “我要得 100 分”的約束。學(xué)科的課程決定不了生活中 的成敗。分析 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)。Mantr

29、a（ 印度教和佛教中的 ）曼特羅，禱文，符咒， 在此 drown their children in mantras 可譯成“把孩子禁 錮在（緊箍咒中 ）”，本句中 I want hundred marks 是介詞 of 的賓語，因此各詞之間都加上了連字符號(hào)，譯為“我 要得 100 分”， be-all 全部； end-all 結(jié)尾，最終目標(biāo)， 因此第二句可譯作“學(xué)科的課程決定不了生活中的成敗” 或“學(xué)科的課程并不是生活的一切” 。9 Orion 天 獵戶星座分析 基本素質(zhì)采分點(diǎn)。Orion 是天文學(xué)專有名詞，表示“獵戶星座” 。 10 However ， the culture that b

30、abysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents 然而，這種呵護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)成就感的文化根深 蒂固，許多家長的思想傾向也是如此。分析 理解結(jié)構(gòu)采分點(diǎn)。 本句是個(gè)并列句。前面一句的主語帶有一個(gè)定語從 句，翻譯時(shí)可將定語從句放到它所修飾的名詞前：后面 一句是倒裝句，翻譯時(shí)要按倒裝順序來譯。11 It is now wait-and-see 咱們現(xiàn)在拭目以待分析 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)。wait-and-see 等著瞧，等看清形勢(shì)再說：在此譯作 “拭目以待”更恰當(dāng)。Section 2：漢譯英

31、 (40 分 ) 參考譯文 In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of holiday economics, giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and eating out. In 2004, total tourist spending durin

32、g the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan.Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nations gross domestic product (GDP), and revenues are expected to grow by 10 percent annually through to 2013, creating 40 million jobs.The indirect effects of tourism are even greater, accounting for an estimated

33、 US$184 billion of economic activity and contributing to some 54 million jobs. That activity includes significant investment in tourism projects, as well as government travel expenditures on meetings.China has spent heavily on building roads, railway stations and airports. New airlines and bus compa

34、nies have emerged, and competition has cut the cost of travel. A one-way air ticket between Shanghai and Beijing costs 850-900 yuan, and cheaper prices are occasionally available. Some airlines have begun online ticketing services, making it even easier to take a holiday. More private cars and the e

35、mergence of car rental agencies have allowed millions of people to travel on their own, as well as in tour groups.采分點(diǎn)解析 1 近年來，中國政府倡導(dǎo)國內(nèi)旅游， 推行“假日經(jīng)濟(jì)” 政策，給公民每年 3 次為期一周的長假，讓他們將更多 儲(chǔ)蓄用于旅游、購物和外出就餐。 In recent years， the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of“holiday eco

36、nomics ”，giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel ， shopping and eating out 分析 用詞選詞采分點(diǎn)。 此句用到意譯法；“倡導(dǎo)”在此的意義其實(shí)是“鼓勵(lì)”： 因?yàn)?initiate 意思為“創(chuàng)使；發(fā)起” 。國內(nèi)旅游是早已存 在的現(xiàn)象，因此本句應(yīng)用 encourage?！皣鴥?nèi)旅游”應(yīng)譯為：domestic travel 。類似的還有： encourage (stimulate) tourist travel 鼓勵(lì) (刺激 )觀光旅