人體解剖 運動系統(tǒng) 骨學(xué)

1、由整理于網(wǎng)絡(luò)人體解剖詞匯運動系統(tǒng)(locomotor system)骨 學(xué) (osteology ) osteology 骨學(xué) * bone，bony 骨 skeleton，skletal (a.) 骨骼 long (short，flat) bone 長(短，扁)骨 irregular bone 不規(guī)則骨 pneumatic bone 含氣骨 sesamoid bone 籽骨， shaft，diaphysis 骨干，骨體 bony(osseous)substance 骨質(zhì) compact(spongy)bone 骨密(松)質(zhì) trabeculae 骨小梁 periosteum (外)膜 end

2、osteum 骨內(nèi)膜 medullary 髓腔 red(yellow)bone marrow 紅(黃)骨髓 中軸骨骼(axial skeleton) 軀干骨(bones of trunk) * vertebral(spinel)column 脊柱 * vertebral canal 椎管 intervertebral foramen 椎間孔 cervical (thoracic, lumbar, sacral) curvature 頸(胸，腰，骶)曲 vertebra ( pl. vertebrae) 椎骨 vertebral body (arch) 椎體(弓) pedicle of vert

3、ebral arch 椎弓根 lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板 vertebral foramen 椎孔 spinous process 棘突 transverse process 橫突 superior (inferior) articular process 上(下) 關(guān)節(jié)突 cervical vertebrae 頸椎 atlas 寰椎 axis 樞椎 prominent vertebrae 隆椎 thoracic vertebrae胸椎 lumbar vertebrae 腰椎 sacrum,sacral bone 骶骨 coccyx 尾骨 thoracic cav

4、ity 胸腔 superior (inferior) aperture of thorax 胸廓上下口 costal arch 肋弓 intercostals space 肋間隙 infrasternal angle 胸骨下角 * ribs ,costa(costae) 肋 * sternum 胸骨 sternal manubrium 胸骨柄 sternal angle (body) 胸骨角(體) xiphoid process 劍突 顱骨(skull) cerebral cranium 腦顱 cranial cavity顱腔 calvaria 顱蓋 pterion 翼點 jugular fo

5、ramen頸靜脈孔 internal surface of base of skull 顱底內(nèi)面 anterior (middle,posterior) cranial fossa 顱前中，后)窩 facial cranium 面顱 orbit 眶 bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔 piriform aperture,anterior nasal aperture 梨 狀孔，鼻前孔 posterior nasal aperture鼻后孔 bony septum of nose 骨鼻中隔 superior (middle, inferior) meatus of nose 上(中,下

6、)鼻道 temporal fossa 顳窩 zugomatic arch 顴弓 infratemporal fossa 顳下窩 pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窩 cranial fontaelles 顱囟 anterior (posterior) fontanelle 前(后)囟 anterolateral (posterolateral) fontanelle前 (后)外側(cè)囟 cranial bones 腦顱骨 occipital bone 枕骨 large foramen of occipital bone 枕骨大孔 external occipital protuber

7、ance枕外隆凸 superior (inferior) nuchal line 上(下)項線 sulcus for transverse sinus, transversesulcus 橫竇溝 sphenoid bone 蝶骨 hypophyseal fossa 垂體窩 optic canal 視神經(jīng)管 round (oval,spinous)foramen 圓(卵圓， 棘)孔 temporal bone 顳骨 petrous part 巖部 mastoid process 乳突 carotid canal 頸動脈管 tympanic tegmen 鼓室蓋 arcuate eminence

8、弓狀隆起 trigeminal impression 三叉神經(jīng)壓跡 internal acoustic pore (port) 內(nèi)耳門 internal acoustic meatus (canal) 內(nèi)耳道 jugular fossa 頸靜脈窩 styloid process 莖突 stylomastoid foramen 莖乳孔 facial canal 面神經(jīng)管 external acoustic pore (canal ) 外耳門(道) parietal,parietal bone 頂骨 parietal tuber (foramen) 頂結(jié)節(jié)(孔) frontal bone 額骨 f

9、rontal squama (tuber) 額鱗(結(jié)節(jié)) superciliary arch 眉弓 supraorbital notch (foramen) 眶上切跡 fossa for lacrimal gland 淚腺窩 ethmoid bone 篩骨 cribriform plate (foramen) 篩板(孔) facial bones 面顱骨 inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲 lacrimal bone 淚骨 nasal bone鼻骨 vomer梨骨 * maxilla上頜骨 palatine bone 腭骨 zygomatic bone 顴骨 * mandibl

10、e 下頜骨 ramous(angle) of mandible 下頜支(角) masseteric tuberosity 咬肌粗隆 coronoid process 冠突 condylar process 髁突 hyoid bone 舌骨 附肢骨骼(appendicular skeleton) shoulder girdle 上肢帶骨，肩帶骨 scapula 肩胛骨 acromion 肩峰 superior(medial,lateral)border 上(下，外 側(cè))緣 coracoid process 喙突 superior (inferior, lateral) angle上(下，外 側(cè))

11、角 glenoid cavity關(guān)節(jié)盂 * clavicle 鎖骨 bones of free upper limb 自由上肢骨 * humerus 肱骨 head of humerus 肱骨頭 anatomical(surgical)neck 解剖(外科)頸 greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)結(jié)節(jié) crest of greater(lesser)tubercle大(小)結(jié) 節(jié)嵴 sulcus (groove)for radial n. 橈神經(jīng)溝 deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆 trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑車 olecranon (co

12、ronoid, radial) fossa 鷹嘴 (冠 突，橈)窩 medial (lateral) epicondyle 內(nèi)(外)上髁 sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神經(jīng)溝 * radius 橈骨 head (neck) of radius 橈骨頭(頸) articular circumference 環(huán)狀關(guān)節(jié)面 radial tuberosity 橈骨粗隆 interosseous border 骨間緣 styloid process 莖突 ulnal notch 尺切跡 carpal articular surface 腕關(guān)節(jié)面 * uana 尺骨 olecranon

13、鷹嘴 coronoid process 冠突 ulnal tuberosity 尺骨粗隆 trochleal(radial)notch 滑車(橈)切跡 head of ulna 尺骨頭 bones of hand 手骨 carpal bones 腕骨 scaphoid bone 手舟骨 lunate bone 月骨 triangular bone 三角骨 pisiform bone 豌豆骨 trapezium bone 大多角骨 trapezoid bone 小多角骨 capitate bone 頭狀骨 hamate bone 鉤骨 hamulus (hook) of hamate bone鉤

14、骨鉤 metacarpal bones 掌骨 phalanges(bones) of fingers 指骨 proximal (middle, distal) phalanx近(中， 遠)指(或趾)骨 下肢骨 (bones of lower limb) pelvic girdle 下肢帶骨，盆帶骨 * hip bone 髖骨 acetabulum 髖臼 acetabular fossa (notch) 髖臼窩(切跡) obturator foramen 閉孔 * ilium 髂骨 body (ala) of ilium 髂骨體(翼) arcuate line 弓狀線 iliac crest 髂

15、嵴 tubercle 髂結(jié)節(jié) anterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 髂前上(下)棘 posterior superior (inferior) iliac spine髂后上(下)棘 iliac fossa 髂窩 auricular surface 耳狀面 iliac tuberosity 髂粗隆 * ischium 坐骨 greater (lesser) sciatic notch 坐骨大(小)切跡 * pubis 恥骨 symphsial surface 恥骨聯(lián)合面 superior (inferior) ramus of pubis 恥骨上下支

16、ililopubic eminence 髂恥隆起 pecten of pubis 恥骨梳 bones of free lower limb 自由下肢骨 * femur 股骨 fovea of femoral head 股骨頭凹 head (neck) of femur 股骨頭(頸) greater (lesser) trochanter 大小轉(zhuǎn)子 intertrochanteric line 轉(zhuǎn)子間線 intertrochanteric crest 轉(zhuǎn)子間嵴 linea aspera,rough line of femur 粗線 pectineal line 恥骨肌線 gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆 popliteal surface腘面 medial (lateral) condyle 內(nèi)(外)側(cè)髁 adductor tubercle 收肌結(jié)節(jié) intercondylar fossa 髁間窩 medial (lateral) epicondyle 內(nèi)外上髁 patella 髕骨 * tibia 脛骨 intercondylar eminence 髁間隆起 shaft (tuberosity) of tibia 脛骨體粗隆 soleal line 比目魚肌線 medial (lateral) malleolus