動詞的分類、時態(tài)、語態(tài)

1、動詞分類動詞是表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞。在本講中，我們將要從三個方面了解一下動詞的分類。第一方面：按詞義和句中的作用，動詞可以分為四類。見下表。 類別特點(diǎn)意義舉例實(shí)義動詞 (vt. vi.)及物動詞跟賓語須跟賓語一起才能表達(dá)完整的意思I have a book.不及物動詞不能直接接賓語能獨(dú)立作謂語She always comes late.系動詞(link-v)跟表語不能獨(dú)立做謂語，跟表語構(gòu)成完整意思I am a student.助動詞(aux. v.)跟動詞原形或分詞（無詞匯意義）不能獨(dú)立做謂語，跟主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語，表示疑問，否定及各種時態(tài)He doesnt speak Chinese.I am

2、watching TV.情態(tài)動詞 (mod. v.)跟動詞原形（有自己的詞匯意思）不能獨(dú)立做謂語。表示說話人語氣、情態(tài)，無人稱和數(shù)的變化We can do it by ourselves.That would be better.第二方面：短語動詞，短語動詞是由一些動詞和其它詞構(gòu)成短語，表達(dá)一個完整的意思。其構(gòu)成方式如下。 構(gòu)成方式舉例動詞+介詞Look at, look after動詞+副詞Give up, put into動詞+副詞+介詞Catch up with, look down upon動詞+名詞+介詞Take care of, pay attention toBe+形容詞+介詞B

3、e proud of, be afraid of復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)Make up ones mind, wind ones way第三方面：按動詞的形式可以分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。1、謂語動詞 形式意義舉例人稱與主語在人稱一致I am reading now. 第一人稱數(shù)與主語在數(shù)上一致He writes well. 第三人稱單數(shù)時態(tài)表示動作發(fā)生的時間He wrote a letter to me last month.過去時態(tài)語態(tài)主語是動作的發(fā)生者或者承受者We study English.主動The road was filled with rubbish. 被動語氣說話人表達(dá)事實(shí)、要求、愿望等H

4、e has flown to America. 事實(shí)I wish I could fly to the moon some day. 愿望2、非謂語動詞 形式意義用途舉例不定式起形容詞和名詞作用可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語It takes me 20 minutes to go to school.動名詞起名詞作用作主語和賓語She likes reading.分詞現(xiàn)在分詞起形容詞、副詞作用，表主動作表語、定語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語The cup is broken過去分詞起形容詞、副詞作用，表被動The steam is seen rising from the wet clothes.講到

5、這，大家對動詞的分類都清楚了嗎？知道了動詞的分類，我們在進(jìn)行后期的內(nèi)容時，才能更快地掌握相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容。動 詞動詞是表示動作（study, find, swim 等）或狀態(tài)（be, like, feel 等）的詞。動詞具有人稱、數(shù)量、時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語態(tài)變化。知識梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！動詞分類：動詞有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、聯(lián)系動詞和行為動詞四類。一）助動詞助動詞沒有任何含義，不能單獨(dú)做謂語，只能和行為動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，幫助行為動詞組成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣以及疑問或否定形式。常見的助動詞有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall等。具體用法如下：1、助動詞be的用法

6、如下：1）構(gòu)成各種進(jìn)行時態(tài)。如：It was raining all day yesterday.昨天整天下雨。2）構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。如：The meeting was held yesterday afternoon.會議是昨天下午舉行的。3）與不定式連用表示按照計劃、預(yù)先安排或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作。如：They are to see an English film this evening.他們今天晚上看英語電影。2、助動詞do的用法如下：1）構(gòu)成疑問式或否定式。如：Does he think so?I didnt say anything about the result.2)在動詞前加上do,

7、 does, did表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為“的確，確實(shí)”。如：They do study hard.She does love him.He did want to help the old man.3、have: 助動詞have 的過去式是had。have和had均可與動詞過去分詞一起構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。如：He has lived here for three years.As soon as the sun had set they returned.4、shall, should: 助動詞shall只用于第一人稱的將來時態(tài)；助動詞should 是shall的過去式，構(gòu)成過去將來時。如：I shall

8、 send ten letters to my good friend.She wanted to know if I should go to the palace.二）情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞本身有一定含義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，要和行為動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。它們也能表明句子的否定、疑問或時態(tài)上的區(qū)別。常見的情態(tài)動詞有：can, may, must, need, should等。表示能力表示能力一般用can, could。如：Rose can speak now, but she couldnt a week ago.be able to 也表示能力，它和can 的區(qū)別如下：1）表示做事的能力，兩者可通用

9、。但can 只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。be able to 可用于任何時態(tài)。如：She could / was able to eat four pieces of bread when she was young.They will be able to finish the drawing soon.2) 表示過去經(jīng)過努力而成功的某一次動作，只能用was/were able to, 但在否定句中可互換。如：She was weak, but was able to finish the task last night.can (could) 在疑問句中與第二人稱連用時，表示征求對方意

10、見或提出請求，表示委婉語氣。雖然could是can的過去式，但是could 只是表示比can語氣更加委婉客氣，沒有時間上的差別。如：-Could you lend me your pen?-Yes, I can.表示許可表示許可一般用may/might, can/could, 而且常可互換。Might, could語氣比較委婉。要特別注意：回答以might, could開頭的疑問句只能用may, can 給予直截了當(dāng)?shù)幕卮稹?Might/Could I borrow your book?-Yes, you may/can.表示必需、必要must和have to都有“必須” ，一般情況下可互換。

11、如：You must / have to finish the work.但他們有如下區(qū)別：1）must 表示說話人的主觀看法；have to 表示客觀需要。如：I must have a talk with him.He has to give up smoking because of badly cough.2) 否定式mustnt 表示禁止，意為“不準(zhǔn)，不可以做”；dont have to 意為“不必”。如：You mustnt hit her.You dont have to explain it to me if you dislike the job.注：表示推測的情態(tài)動詞有表示

12、“一定”的must, 表示“很有可能”的should, ought to 和表示“可能”的can, could, may, might。具體用法如下：must 表示較有把握的推測，只用于肯定句，不能用語否定句或疑問句。用法如下：1）對目前動作的推測，用must+動詞原形。如：You must lose in the mountain.2) 對目前狀態(tài)的推測，用must + be + 表語。如：You speak for 4 hours, you must be thirsty.在肯定句中，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)戆盐詹淮蟮耐茰y用may (might) +動詞原形，might 比 may 的可能性更??；

13、對過去把握不大的推測用may (might) have+ 過去分詞。如：The package might come tomorrow.They may have killed the enemies.3、在疑問句中，對現(xiàn)在表示推測用can (could) +動詞原形，對過去表示懷疑則用can (could) have+過去分詞；在否定句中，對現(xiàn)在表示推測用cant+動詞原形，對過去表示推測用cant (couldnt) have+過去分詞。如：It cant be John. He has gone to UK.4、need的雙重身份need 既可作情態(tài)動詞又可作實(shí)意動詞，它們的用法不同，如

14、不注意區(qū)分，就容易用錯。三）系動詞連詞動詞的種類聯(lián)系動詞含有一定意義，它們要與其后做表語的形容詞、名詞或介詞（短語）一起構(gòu)成合成謂語。系動詞按意義可分為三類，而且有自己的特定用法。1、按意義聯(lián)系動詞有：be, appear, seem, keep, remain, continue, stay, prove 等，如：Jim appears very old.、表示感覺的聯(lián)系動詞有l(wèi)ook, feel, smell, sound, taste等。如：It smells bad.3、表示轉(zhuǎn)變的聯(lián)系動詞有become, fall, get, go, grow, turn等。如： She become

15、s more beautiful than three years ago.四）行為動詞 行為動詞又稱實(shí)義動詞，它們都含有實(shí)在的意義，表示動作或狀態(tài)，可在句中獨(dú)立作謂語。行為動詞又分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。、及物動詞及物動詞后一定要跟賓語，意思才能完整。如：My mother told me she wanted to buy some books for me.2、不及物動詞 不及物動詞意義完整，不需帶賓語，但如果有些不及物動詞非要帶賓語時，必須先加介詞后加賓語。如：He only worried about his daughter.二、動詞的時態(tài) 動詞的時態(tài)有很多。初中階段主要掌握八種：

16、一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時、一般將來時、過去將來時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時。1一般現(xiàn)在時1）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：主語是I, we, you, they和名詞復(fù)數(shù)時作謂語的行為動詞用原形。主語是he, she , it和名詞單數(shù)時，作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況s以s, x, ch, sh 或 o結(jié)尾es以輔音y結(jié)尾去y變ies2）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和like為例）：主 語肯 定 式否 定 式疑 問 式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I am a student.We/You/ They are students.He/ She

17、is a student.I / We/ You/ They/ like music.Many people like music.I am not a student.We/You/ They are not students.He/ She is not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ dont like music.Many people dont like music.Are you a student.Are you/ they students?Is he/ she a student?Do you/ they like music?Do many peo

18、ple like music?3）一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的用法：現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動作 。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week.現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) 例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.客觀真理 例如：The earth goes around the sun.4）常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的時間狀語： often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等。例題解析：舉一反三，

19、學(xué)的更輕松！1. - May I help you, sir?- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it _.A. didnt work B. doesnt work C. wont work D. cant work解析：電視雖然是前天買的， 但壞了是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)， 應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。選B.2_ the bus until it _. A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Dont get off, stops D. Dont get off, will stop解析：這是一個

20、以until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句是祈使句，因此從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。根據(jù)句意此題應(yīng)用not until（直到才）句型。應(yīng)選C。3The 70-year-old man _ exercises in the morning. A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take解析：“這個70歲的老人早晨鍛煉?！边@里鍛煉是一個經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作。因此，應(yīng)選A.2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成：Am/is/ are+ v-ing是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成形式 v-ing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：一般情況+ing以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞。去e,加ing+in

21、g以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的單詞去e+ing以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母時.雙寫詞尾字母+ing2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式：主 語肯 定 式否 定 式疑 問 式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I am driving.He/She/It is working.We/You/They are doing something.I am not driving.He/She/It is not working.We/You/They are not doing anything.Are you driving?Is he/she/it working?Are yo

22、u/they doing something?3）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法：1. 說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作（動作是在說話時正在進(jìn)行）。例如： She is having a bath now.2. 現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作（但是動作并不是必須在說話時正在進(jìn)行）。例如： You are working hard today. Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian. The population of the world is growing very fast.頻度副詞always, forever等詞連用時， 表示某種強(qiáng)烈的

23、感情。如：He is always trying out new ideas. (表示欣賞，表揚(yáng))表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作（僅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等動詞）。如： The party is beginning at 8:00 oclock.6) 常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的時間狀語： now 等。 often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1I dont think that its true. Shes

24、always _ lies. A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told解析：always在這里應(yīng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連用， 帶有感情色彩， 表示討厭。選C.2. How _ you _ with the new job?A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on解析：表示現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動作，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。選D.3- Are these socks yours? - No. Mine _ outside on the clothes line. A. are hanging B. have hung

25、 C. hang D. hung解析：hang意為懸掛， hung意為上吊、絞死，先排除答案B、D。根據(jù)前后句意可判斷出現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。應(yīng)選 A.3一般將來時1）一般將來時的構(gòu)成： 1. 助動詞will(shall)+動詞原形 2. am / is / are +going to +動詞原形 2）一般將來時的用法： 1將要發(fā)生的動作。例如： I will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 2將要存在的狀態(tài)。例如： This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be? 3打算要做的事。 例如： Ar

26、e you going to watch the film on television tonight?3) 常用于一般將來時的時間狀語：tomorrow next week in 2008 等。 例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1. I_ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left解析：趨向動詞leave 可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來。選A。2.I_ to see grandma and help

27、her with some housework every week.A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come解析：此題雖然有every week, 但句意中表達(dá)的事將要去做的經(jīng)常性動作。應(yīng)該用一般將來時。因此選D。3. We Chinese _ the Olympic Games in 2008.A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold解析：本題的時間狀語是將來的時間， 所以選用一般將來時，A、D都刪去。shall后面應(yīng)跟動詞原型，故應(yīng)選D.4一般過去時1）一般過

28、去時的構(gòu)成： 用動詞的過去式。作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下：一般情況+ed以e字母結(jié)尾的輔音+d以輔音字母y結(jié)尾去y變ied重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫詞尾字母+ed2）一般過去時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和like為例）：主 語肯 定 式否 定 式疑 問 式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I was a student.We/You/ They were students.He/ She was a student.I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.Many people liked music.I was not a st

29、udent.We/You/ They were not students.He/ She was not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ didnt like music.Many people didnt like music.Were you a student.Were you/ they students?Was he/ she a student?Did you/ they like music?Did many people like music?3）一般過去時的用法：1 過去發(fā)生的動作。例如： The police stopped me on my wa

30、y home last night.2 過去存在的狀態(tài)。例如：They werent able to come because they were so busy.3. 常用于一般過去時的時間狀語： yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，often，always等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1 r. Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be解析：時分鐘前發(fā)生的動作， 應(yīng)該用一般過去時。 應(yīng)選A，2-Hi, Tom. -

31、Hello, Fancy. I _ you were here. A.dont know B.wont think C. think D. didnt know解析：雖然句中沒有明確的時間狀語， 但是可以通過上下文語境判斷出， 這句話指的是我這段時間并不知道， 你前一陣子在這兒。 所以應(yīng)選A。3He promised to tell me by himself when I _.A. come B. would come C. come D. had come解析：在時間狀語從句中，用一般過去時表示過去將來。應(yīng)選C。5現(xiàn)在完成時1） 現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have / has + v-ing2）現(xiàn)

32、在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式（以be和see為例）：主 語肯 定 式否 定 式疑 問 式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I /We/You/ They have been here before.He/ She has been here before.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film.I /We/You/ They havent been here before.He/ She hasnt been here before .I / We/ You/ They/ Many people havent seen

33、the film.Have you/ they been here before?Has he/ she been here before?Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?在完成時的用法：1、表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常與already, just, ever, never, before等詞連用. 如:She has never read this novel.他從未讀過這本小說.(他對小說的內(nèi)容不了解)2、表示 “過去的動作”一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去. 常與for (后跟段時間)或since (后跟點(diǎn)時間)等連用

34、.如:I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.注：在有for 和since 引導(dǎo)時間狀語的句子中不能用短暫性動詞，應(yīng)用與之相應(yīng)的表示狀態(tài)的詞。如： He has died for 3 years.(F)He has been dead for 3 years.(T)注意：現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示明確的過去時間連用。如：in 1998, last morning等 have/has been to 表示“去過”（去了又回來了） have/h

35、as gone to 表示“去過”（去了沒回來了） 如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在) Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！-How long _ he _ a fever?- Ever since last night.A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have 解析：此句表示從昨晚起持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，去掉答案D。因?yàn)槭嵌螘r間， 所以不能用短暫行動詞，get和catch 都是短暫行動詞。 因此選B.My bowl is empty

36、. Who _ all my soup?A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank解析：碗是空的了，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是所發(fā)生的動作造成的結(jié)果。 “誰把我的湯都喝了。應(yīng)選C.3. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. Didnt seen; did, go B. didnt see; have, gone C. havent seen; have, been D. havent seen; have gone解析：for+段時間一般預(yù)先在完成時連用。“你去哪兒了？ ”（在這段時間你不在）應(yīng)選C。6、過去進(jìn)行時

37、1）過去進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成： was / were +v-ing2) 過去進(jìn)行時的用法： 過去某一階段或某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。 例如： This time last year I was living in Brazil. What were you doing at 10 oclock last night?3)常用于過去進(jìn)行時的時間狀語： at four yesterday afternoon，then，at that time/moment 等。例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！Daddy promised me he _ me a computer A. was bought B. had

38、bought C bought D. would buy 解析：“爸爸答應(yīng)我給我買一臺電腦”。賓語從句中的動作是以過去為起點(diǎn)將要發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去將來時。 選D。They said they _ do some sports if it was fine.A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were going解析：“他們說如果天氣好的話他們打算去運(yùn)動?！比プ鲞\(yùn)動發(fā)生在說話之后，所以應(yīng)選用過去將來時，答案B不合適，“打算作某事”為“be going to do ”.would 后面應(yīng)跟動詞原形，應(yīng)選A.7、過去完成時態(tài)1）過去完成時態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

39、 肯定式：had + 動詞的過去分詞 否定式：hadnt + 動詞的過去分詞 疑問式：Had + 動詞的過去分詞 簡略回答: Yes, 主 + have/has had. No, 主 + had現(xiàn)在完成時的用法過去完成時的用法：1、表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。 他表示的時間是“過去 的過去 ”常與by last year, by the time of yesterday,等連用。如：She said she had seen the film 4 times. When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had b

40、egun reading.By the time they arrived, the bus had left.2、表示 從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)。常與for (后跟段時間)或since (后跟點(diǎn)時間)等連用.如:She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1. He _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing.A. studied, had gone B. had studied, w

41、entC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone 解析：“他去北京之前在上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了4年 ”。在上海學(xué)習(xí)的動作發(fā)生在去北京之前，因此第一個空應(yīng)用過去完成時。此題選B。2. Mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy解析：It was + 時間段+since 引導(dǎo)的從句中用過去完成時。應(yīng)選C。3. Xiao Pei said she _ Hainan for

42、3 months.A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to解析：“小培說她去了海南三個月 ”。have been to 和have gone to 都是短暫性的動詞短語。所以適應(yīng)表示狀態(tài)的have been in. 應(yīng)選B.時態(tài)綜合例題解析：-What are Mr and Mrs Black doing ?-They _ tea in the garden. A. are drinking B. drank C. have drunk D. drink 2. My mother often asks me _ear

43、ly . A. get up B. got up C. getting up D. to get up 3. Soon Wu Dong _ up with Li Lei, then they were neck and neck. A. taught B. caught C. bought D. brought 4. The car _and stopped at the red traffic light. A. got on B. got off C. slowed down D. picked up 5. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has

44、 lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 6. -Do you know _? -Sorry, but if he _ back, I _ you know as soon as possible. A. when will he be back, comes, will let B. when he will be back, will come, will let C. what time will he be back, will come, let D. what time he will be back, comes, will l

45、et 7. We _ to the park if it is fine tomorrow. A. will go B. have gone C. go 8. A new shoe factory will _ in this part of the city. A. be building B. be built C. build 9. -_ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there. -Ok, Mom. A. Put up B. Put on C. Put down D. Put away 10. - How about going

46、hiking this weekend? - Sorry, I prefer _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home 解析：1.根據(jù)問句的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，答句時態(tài)要一致，故選答案: A 2.根據(jù)句中的謂語動詞ask的固定搭配 ask sb to do sth. 故答案：D 3.根據(jù)第一句的固定動詞詞組 catch up with sb 及第二句的過去時態(tài)，故選答案: B 4.此題主要考查

47、四個動詞詞組的掌握.根據(jù)后半句在紅燈時停下來,故選答案: C 5.此題主要考查現(xiàn)在完成時的延續(xù)和非延續(xù)動詞，根據(jù)for two weeks 時間短語。故選答案: C 6.此題主要考查賓語叢句和狀語叢句的習(xí)慣用法。第一句是特殊疑問句的賓語叢句，要用陳述句語序。第二句是if 條件句。叢句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。故選答案：B 7.此題考查if 條件句的主句時態(tài)，要用一般將來時，故選答案； A 8.此題考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)全句的意思，使用被動語態(tài)。故選答案： B 9.此題考查四個動詞詞組put up ,張貼，舉起; put on 穿上，上演； put away 把-收拾好。 根據(jù)后半句“我討厭到處亂

48、放”， 故選答案: D10.此題主要考查一個固定詞組：prefer to do sth rather than do sth. 故選答案：C.練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績！一、選擇最佳答案填空(動詞及搭配)：1. A policeman saw two thieves _a girls mobile phone on the bus and hecaught them at once.A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen2. The Chinese pingpong players will join in the match.Lets _t

49、hem success.A. wish B.to wish C.hope D.to hope3. He is so careless that he always _his school things at home.A. forgets B.forgot C.leaves D.left4. -Who _the computer? I want to use it. -Timmy. He _ it for a week.A. borrowed, has borrowed B.has borrowed, bought C.has borrowed, has kept D.bought, has

50、borrowed5. Look! One of the girls _the door.A. cleans B.is cleaning C.clean D.are cleaning6. If you dont feel well, you may just _.stopped reading B.stop reading C.stopped to read D.stop to read7. -Where can we get a baseball? -Lets _.A. lend Jim one B.lend one to Jim C.borrow one from Jim D.borrow one of Jim8. -My model ship doesnt work. -Dont worry. Ill have it _this afternoon.A. repairi