aan和the用法精講和練習(xí)

1、a, an, the的用法精講及練習(xí)冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞（the definite article），另一種是不定冠詞（the indefinite article），還有一種是零冠詞（zero article）。an, a是不定冠詞，僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面，表示“一”的意義，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目觀念。a用在以輔音（指輔音音素）開(kāi)頭的詞前， an用在以元音（指元素音素）開(kāi)頭的詞前。the是定冠詞，修飾特指名詞 翻譯成“這個(gè)”。 如果泛指某物,用a,/an,具體指某物的話，用the.注意：（1）當(dāng)我們使用an時(shí)，

2、條件有三：這個(gè)名詞的讀音必須是以元音音素開(kāi)頭-即它的 音標(biāo)的第一個(gè)音素是元音，而不是說(shuō)它是以元音字母開(kāi)頭。它必須是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞。它還必須是個(gè)單數(shù)名詞。我們常常見(jiàn)到這類用法： a university 一所大學(xué) an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) an orange 一只桔子 an engineer 一位工程師 an ordinary man一個(gè)普通人 an honest person一位誠(chéng)實(shí)的人 a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elephant, a univer

3、sity(雖然u 是元音字母，但不讀元音), an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) (雖然h 不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開(kāi)頭)不定冠詞有a和an兩種：a用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前，an用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elephant, a university(雖然u 是元音字母，但不讀元音), an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) (雖然h 不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開(kāi)頭)1指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。an elephant is bigger t

4、han a horse.a car runs faster than a bike.（2）指人或事物,用來(lái)表示“”的意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說(shuō)明名詞為不特定者。指人或事物即不具體說(shuō)明是何人何物。例如： there are seven days in a week. we have three meals a day. a teacher is looking for you. we work five days a week.（3） 不定冠詞含有“”的意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)烈，在句子里一般可以不必譯出，但若有“一個(gè)”的意思則譯出，例如： theres a tree on the hil

5、l. he has an interesting book. an orange is good for you. 桔子對(duì)你有好處。 how much is it ? 多少錢？ two yuan a kilo. 二元一公斤。（4）一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，指人或事物的某一種類。例如：bill is a student.he is a doctor.（5）用在某些固定詞組中。例如：a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little a bithave a resthave a colda kind ofa piece ofhave a good time6.首次提到的人

6、或物。一不定冠詞的用法：2指人或事物，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。there are seven days in a week. we have three meals a day.4指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。an elephant is bigger than a horse.a car runs faster than a bike.（2）定冠詞在句子中，既可以用于可數(shù)名詞前，也可以用于不可數(shù)名詞前；既用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，也用在可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式前。從表達(dá)意義上講，它既可表達(dá)this, that之意義，也可表達(dá)these, those之意義。二. 定冠詞的用法 （1）特指某（些）人或某

7、（些）事物。 例如： the book on the desk is mine. （2）指雙方都知道的人或事物。 例如： open the door, please. 請(qǐng)開(kāi)門。 （3）用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。the sun the earth the moon the sky the world例如： the sun is bigger than the moon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大些。 但這些名詞作為描繪性定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用不定冠詞。例如： look! a red sun is rising. 瞧！一輪紅日正在升起。 （4）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。例如： the first island is

8、the biggest of the three.第一個(gè)小島是三個(gè)中最大的。 （5）用在用普通名詞構(gòu)成的黨派，國(guó)家等專有名詞以及江河、海洋、山脈、群島、海峽、海灣等專有名詞前。the sahara 撒哈拉沙漠 the jinggang mountains 井岡山 the changjiang river長(zhǎng)江 the pacific ocean 太平洋the red sea紅海 the suez 蘇伊士運(yùn)河the united nations聯(lián)合國(guó) the great wall 長(zhǎng)城the red cross hospital紅十字醫(yī)院例如： they will visit the great

9、wall next week. （6）用在形容詞前表示一類人，the +形容詞指的是一群人，是一種復(fù)數(shù)含義，所以其后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。the rich有錢人 the poor 窮人 the sick病人 the old 老人the young年輕人 the blind 盲人例如： the old are sick. 這些老人生病了。（7）用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示一家人或一家人中的兩個(gè)，或兩個(gè)以上的人。例如： the smiths have moved to london. 斯密斯一家去了倫敦。 the whites have no children .懷特夫婦沒(méi)有小孩。（8）用在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),固

10、定搭配中。例如： in the morning 在早上 on the left 在左邊 the day before yesterday 前天 all the same 都一樣 at the same time 同時(shí) in the day 在白天in the end 最終 by the way 順便說(shuō)一下in the open air 在戶外 the same as.和。相同tell the truth 說(shuō)真話 (9)彈奏西方樂(lè)器前面要用定冠詞，東方樂(lè)器則不用。如：play the piano play erhu(10)用于逢十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前， 指世紀(jì)中的年代。the war boke out

11、in the thirties.(11) 用于方向或者方位名詞前。(12) he lives to the east of los angeles.基本用法巧記：特指雙方都熟悉，上文已提示。世上獨(dú)無(wú)二，序數(shù)最高級(jí)某些專有名，習(xí)語(yǔ)及樂(lè)器。三零冠詞即不用冠詞的情況：1專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞： china, class one如特指可與冠詞連用。2泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前:books are my best friend.3在星期(on monday)、月份(in march)、季節(jié)(in summer)、節(jié)日(in christmas)前。4一日三餐(have breakfast)、球類(play bask

12、etball)、學(xué)科(maths)、語(yǔ)言( in english)名詞前。5職務(wù)、頭銜、稱呼前:doctor,i am not feeling well.6名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞或不定冠詞時(shí)。7在某些固定短語(yǔ)中。by bus by bike in bed at homeon foot in class go to collegego to school day and night from morning till night練習(xí)：選擇a或an或者不填(用/來(lái)表示) pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen hour

13、 house umbrella university 用a/an填空：is it chinese book or english book?this is ring, and it is orange ring.mary is english teacher. tom is chinese teacher.this is bike. its old bike.this is telephone number.that is id card.i lost my keys. its set of keys.its apple, not pear.this is peach. thats orang

14、e.you have banana, but i have egg.is there umbrella on the desk?there is island in the sea.there is picture on the card.i have old book. apple is a kind of fruit.there is armchair in the living room.id like egg.look, there is bird in the tree.is there map on the wall?there is bench in the park.選擇正確的

15、答案1. i am _(a, an)student. 2. there is _(a, an) elephant in the zoo.3. you are _(a, an) good boy. 4. i have _(a, an) orange.5. miss grant is _( a, an )ugly teacher.6. this is _(a ,an)new book.7. please take _(a, an )umbrella.8. close _(a, an ,the)door, please.9. my father is _(a ,an) doctor.10. ther

16、e is _(a, an) orange on the table.11. he gives me _(a, an )sticker.12. what is _(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world?13. i have _orange ._orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)14. my father is _(a, an, the )man.15._(a ,an ,the )moon is in the sky. 16. theres _(a, an, the )apple on the table.17._(a, an,

17、 the) blackboard in our classroom is big.18. he likes to play _(a, an, the )piano.19. monday is _(a, a, the )first day of the week.20. my favorite animal is _(a, an ,the) cat.二、在需要的地方填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~，不需要的地方填/。1this is _egg. its _small egg.2jim has_ big head.3who is_ girl in green?4-do you have_ knife?-yes, i

18、 do. i only have_ small one.5. lucy and lily look_ same.6. jim is from_ usa. mike is from_ england.7._boy over there is jims_ brother.8. is that_ cat or_ tiger? its_ cat.9. we are in_ beijing no.2 high school.10. they are in_ same class.1. there is _ “h” in the word“honest”.a. a b. the c. / d. an2.w

19、hat _ terrible life people in the small island lived at that time!a. an b./ c. a d. the3father often says to me, “be _ honest boy today and _ useful man tomorrow. ”a. a; a b. an; an c. a; and. an; a4.qingdao is _ most beautiful city in summer.a. the b. / c. a d. one5.so you are running _ restaurant?

20、yes，but i dont want to make it _ restaurant only for rich people.a. the; /b. the; the c. a; the d. a; a6.have you seen _ pen? i left it here this morning.is it _ black one? i think i saw it some where.a. a; the b.the; the c. a; ad. the; a7. oh，john. what _ you gave us!a. a pleasant surprise b. pleas

21、ant surprisec. an pleasant surprise d. the pleasant surprise8. john is _ university student.a. / b. any c. a d. an9.id like _ information about the management of your hotel，please.well，you could have _ word with the manager. he might be helpful.a. some; a b. an; somec. some; some d. an; a10.if you d

22、ont like the red coat，take the blue one.ok, but do you have _ size in blue? this one is a bit tight for me.a. a big b. a biggerc. the bigd. the bigger1. _ doctor told him to take_ medicine three times _ day 2.there is _ woman over there _ woman is merimees mother 3. _ sun rises in_ east 4. _ changji

23、ang river is_ longest river in _ china5.its too hotopen_ door，please 6.washington is _ capital of _ usa 四、總結(jié)與作業(yè)1.單項(xiàng)選擇。1) he often has _ egg and some milk for breakfast.a. / b. a c. the d. an2)-whats the trouble with lingling?-she doesnt go to_ school and stay in _bed now.a. a; / b. the; the c. /; / d. /; a 3)-do you have _ dictionary? -no, b